@article{EngelmannBuhlDraacketal.2018,
  author    = {Engelmann, Ulrich M. and Buhl, Eva Miriam and Draack, Sebastian and Viereck, Thilo and Frank, and Schmitz-Rode, Thomas and Slabu, Ioana},
  title     = {Magnetic relaxation of agglomerated and immobilized iron oxide nanoparticles for hyperthermia and imaging applications},
  series = {IEEE Magnetic Letters},
  volume    = {9},
  journal   = {IEEE Magnetic Letters},
  number    = {Article number 8519617},
  publisher = {IEEE},
  address   = {New York, NY},
  issn      = {1949-307X},
  doi       = {10.1109/LMAG.2018.2879034},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) are used as therapeutic and diagnostic agents for local delivery of heat and image contrast enhancement in diseased tissue. Besides magnetization, the most important parameter that determines their performance for these applications is their magnetic relaxation, which can be affected when MNPs immobilize and agglomerate inside tissues. In this letter, we investigate different MNP agglomeration states for their magnetic relaxation properties under excitation in alternating fields and relate this to their heating efficiency and imaging properties. With focus on magnetic fluid hyperthermia, two different trends in MNP heating efficiency are measured: an increase by up to 23\% for agglomerated MNP in suspension and a decrease by up to 28\% for mixed states of agglomerated and immobilized MNP, which indicates that immobilization is the dominant effect. The same comparatively moderate effects are obtained for the signal amplitude in magnetic particle spectroscopy.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{EngelmannBuhlBaumannetal.2017,
  author    = {Engelmann, Ulrich M. and Buhl, Eva Miriam and Baumann, Martin and Schmitz-Rode, Thomas and Slabu, Ioana},
  title     = {Agglomeration of magnetic nanoparticles and its effects on magnetic hyperthermia},
  series = {Current Directions in Biomedical Engineering},
  volume    = {3},
  journal   = {Current Directions in Biomedical Engineering},
  number    = {2},
  publisher = {De Gruyter},
  address   = {Berlin},
  issn      = {2364-5504},
  doi       = {10.1515/cdbme-2017-0096},
  pages     = {457 -- 460},
  year      = {2017},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Engelmann2019,
  author    = {Engelmann, Ulrich M.},
  title     = {Assessing magnetic fluid hyperthermia : magnetic relaxation simulation, modeling of nanoparticle uptake inside pancreatic tumor cells and in vitro efficacy},
  publisher = {Infinite Science Publishing},
  address   = {L{\"u}beck},
  isbn      = {978-3-945954-58-4},
  year      = {2019},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{EngelThieringerTippkoetter2016,
  author    = {Engel, Mareike and Thieringer, Julia and Tippk{\"o}tter, Nils},
  title     = {Linking bioprocess engineering and electrochemistry for sustainable biofuel production},
  series = {Young Researchers Symposium, YRS 2016. Proceedings},
  booktitle = {Young Researchers Symposium, YRS 2016. Proceedings},
  publisher = {Fraunhofer Verlag},
  address   = {Karlsruhe},
  pages     = {49 -- 53},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {Electromicrobial engineering is an emerging, highly interdisciplinary research area linking bioprocesses with electrochemistry. In this work, microbial electrosynthesis (MES) of biobutanol is carried out during acetone-butanol-ethanol (ABE) fermentations with Clostridium acetobutylicum. A constant electric potential of -600mV (vs. Ag/AgCl) with simultaneous addition of the soluble redox mediator neutral red is used in order to study the electron transfer between the working electrode and the bacterial cells. The results show an earlier initiation of solvent production for all fermentations with applied potential compared to the conventional ABE fermentation. The f inal butanol concentration can be more than doubled by the application of a negative potential combined with addition of neutral red. Moreover a higher biofilm formation on the working electrode compared to control cultivations has been observed. In contrast to previous studies, our results also indicate that direct electron transfer (DET) might be possible with C. acetobutylicum. The presented results make microbial butanol production economically attractive and therefore support the development of sustainable production processes in the chemical industry aspired by the "Centre for resource-efficient chemistry and raw material change" as well as the the project "NanoKat" working on nanostructured catalysts in Kaiserslautern.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{EngelHoltmannUlberetal.2018,
  author    = {Engel, Mareike and Holtmann, Dirk and Ulber, Roland and Tippk{\"o}tter, Nils},
  title     = {Increased Biobutanol Production by Mediator-Less Electro-Fermentation},
  series = {Biotechnology Journal},
  volume    = {14},
  journal   = {Biotechnology Journal},
  number    = {4},
  publisher = {Wiley-VCH},
  address   = {Weinheim},
  issn      = {1860-7314},
  doi       = {10.1002/biot.201800514},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {A future bio-economy should not only be based on renewable raw materials but also in the raise of carbon yields of existing production routes. Microbial electrochemical technologies are gaining increased attention for this purpose. In this study, the electro-fermentative production of biobutanol with C. acetobutylicum without the use of exogenous mediators is investigated regarding the medium composition and the reactor design. It is shown that the use of an optimized synthetic culture medium allows higher product concentrations, increased biofilm formation, and higher conductivities compared to a synthetic medium supplemented with yeast extract. Moreover, the optimization of the reactor system results in a doubling of the maximum product concentrations for fermentation products. When a working electrode is polarized at -600 mV vs. Ag/AgCl, a shift from butyrate to acetone and butanol production is induced. This leads to an increased final solvent yield of Yᴀᴃᴇ = 0.202 gg⁻¹ (control 0.103 gg⁻¹), which is also reflected in a higher carbon efficiency of 37.6\% compared to 23.3\% (control) as well as a fourfold decrease in simplified E-factor to 0.43. The results are promising for further development of biobutanol production in bioelectrochemical systems in order to fulfil the principles of Green Chemistry.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{EngelGemuendeHoltmannetal.2019,
  author    = {Engel, Mareike and Gem{\"u}nde, Andre and Holtmann, Dirk and M{\"u}ller-Renno, Christine and Ziegler, Christiane and Tippk{\"o}tter, Nils and Ulber, Roland},
  title     = {Clostridium acetobutylicum's connecting world: cell appendage formation in bioelectrochemical systems},
  series = {ChemElectroChem},
  volume    = {7},
  journal   = {ChemElectroChem},
  number    = {2},
  publisher = {Wiley},
  address   = {Weinheim},
  issn      = {2196-0216},
  doi       = {10.1002/celc.201901656},
  pages     = {414 -- 420},
  year      = {2019},
  abstract  = {Bacterial cell appendix formation supports cell-cell interaction, cell adhesion and cell movement. Additionally, in bioelectrochemical systems (BES), cell appendages have been shown to participate in extracellular electron transfer. In this work, the cell appendix formation of Clostridium acetobutylicum in biofilms of a BES are imaged and compared with conventional biofilms. Under all observed conditions, the cells possess filamentous appendages with a higher number and density in the BES. Differences in the amount of extracellular polymeric substance in the biofilms of the electrodes lead to the conclusion that the cathode can be used as electron donor and the anode as electron acceptor by C. acetobutylicum. When using conductive atomic force microscopy, a current response of about 15 nA is found for the cell appendages from the BES. This is the first report of conductivity for clostridial cell appendices and represents the basis for further studies on their role for biofilm formation and electron transfer.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{EngelBayerHoltmannetal.2019,
  author    = {Engel, Mareike and Bayer, Hendrik and Holtmann, Dirk and Tippk{\"o}tter, Nils and Ulber, Roland},
  title     = {Flavin secretion of Clostridium acetobutylicum in a bioelectrochemical system - Is an iron limitation involved?},
  series = {Bioelectrochemistry},
  journal   = {Bioelectrochemistry},
  number    = {In Press, Accepted Manuscript},
  publisher = {Elsevier},
  address   = {Amsterdam},
  issn      = {1567-5394},
  doi       = {10.1016/j.bioelechem.2019.05.014},
  year      = {2019},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{EngelThieringerTippkoetter2016,
  author    = {Engel, M. and Thieringer, J. and Tippk{\"o}tter, Nils},
  title     = {Microbial electrosynthesis for sustainable biobutanol production},
  series = {New frontiers of biotech-processes (Himmelfahrtstagung) : 02-04 May 2016, Rhein-Mosel-Halle, Koblenz/Germany},
  booktitle = {New frontiers of biotech-processes (Himmelfahrtstagung) : 02-04 May 2016, Rhein-Mosel-Halle, Koblenz/Germany},
  publisher = {DECHEMA},
  address   = {Frankfurt am Main},
  pages     = {77 -- 78},
  year      = {2016},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{EndressBragard2017,
  author    = {Endress, Tim and Bragard, Michael},
  title     = {Recording of efficiency-maps of low-power electric drive systems using a flexible matlab-based test bench},
  series = {2017 IEEE 58th International Scientific Conference on Power and Electrical Engineering of Riga Technical University (RTUCON)},
  booktitle = {2017 IEEE 58th International Scientific Conference on Power and Electrical Engineering of Riga Technical University (RTUCON)},
  publisher = {IEEE},
  address   = {New York},
  isbn      = {978-1-5386-3846-0},
  doi       = {10.1109/RTUCON.2017.8124775},
  pages     = {5 Seiten},
  year      = {2017},
  abstract  = {This paper introduces a hardware setup to measure efficiency maps of low-power electric motors and their associated inverters. Here, the power of the device under test (DUT) ranges from some Watts to a few hundred Watts. The torque and speed of the DUT are measured independent of voltage and current in multiple load points. A Matlab-based software approach in combination with an open Texas-Instruments (TI) hardware setup ensures flexibility. Exemplarily, the efficiency field of a Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machine (PMSM) is measured to proof the concept. Brushless-DC (BLDC) motors can be tested as well. The nomenclature in this paper is based on the new European standard DIN EN 50598. Special attention is paid to the calculation of the measurement error.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{EmonsHuellenkremerSchoening2001,
  author    = {Emons, H. and H{\"u}llenkremer, B. and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef},
  title     = {Detection of metal ions in aqueous solutions by voltohmmetry},
  series = {Fresenius' Journal of Analytical Chemistry. 369 (2001), H. 1},
  journal   = {Fresenius' Journal of Analytical Chemistry. 369 (2001), H. 1},
  isbn      = {0937-0633},
  pages     = {42 -- 46},
  year      = {2001},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{EmonsGlueckSchoening2001,
  author    = {Emons, H. and Gl{\"u}ck, O. and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef},
  title     = {Voltohmmetry - An alternative detection principle at ultrathin metal electrodes in solution},
  series = {Chemical and biological sensors and analytical methods : proceedings of the international symposium / Sensor, Physical Electrochemistry, and Organic and Biological Electrochemistry Divisions. Ed.: M. Butler},
  journal   = {Chemical and biological sensors and analytical methods : proceedings of the international symposium / Sensor, Physical Electrochemistry, and Organic and Biological Electrochemistry Divisions. Ed.: M. Butler},
  publisher = {Electrochemical Society},
  address   = {Pennington, NJ},
  isbn      = {1-56677-351-2},
  pages     = {1 -- 3},
  year      = {2001},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{EmonsGlueckHuellenkremeretal.2001,
  author    = {Emons, H. and Gl{\"u}ck, O. and H{\"u}llenkremer, B. and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef},
  title     = {Voltohmmetry as an alternative detection method at polycrystalline metal film electrodes},
  series = {Electroanalysis. 13 (2001), H. 8-9},
  journal   = {Electroanalysis. 13 (2001), H. 8-9},
  isbn      = {1040-0397},
  pages     = {677 -- 680},
  year      = {2001},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{EmonsBaadeSchoening2000,
  author    = {Emons, H. and Baade, A. and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef},
  title     = {Voltammetric determination of heavy metals in microvolumes of rain water},
  series = {Electroanalysis. 12 (2000), H. 15},
  journal   = {Electroanalysis. 12 (2000), H. 15},
  isbn      = {1040-0397},
  pages     = {1171 -- 1176},
  year      = {2000},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{EmhardtJarodzkaBrandGruweletal.2022,
  author    = {Emhardt, Selina N. and Jarodzka, Halszka and Brand-Gruwel, Saskia and Drumm, Christian and Niehorster, Diederick C. and van Gog, Tamara},
  title     = {What is my teacher talking about? Effects of displaying the teacher's gaze and mouse cursor cues in video lectures on students' learning},
  series = {Journal of Cognitive Psychology},
  journal   = {Journal of Cognitive Psychology},
  publisher = {Routledge, Taylor \& Francis Group},
  address   = {Abingdon},
  issn      = {2044-5911},
  doi       = {10.1080/20445911.2022.2080831},
  pages     = {1 -- 19},
  year      = {2022},
  abstract  = {Eye movement modelling examples (EMME) are instructional videos that display a teacher's eye movements as "gaze cursor" (e.g. a moving dot) superimposed on the learning task. This study investigated if previous findings on the beneficial effects of EMME would extend to online lecture videos and compared the effects of displaying the teacher's gaze cursor with displaying the more traditional mouse cursor as a tool to guide learners' attention. Novices (N = 124) studied a pre-recorded video lecture on how to model business processes in a 2 (mouse cursor absent/present) × 2 (gaze cursor absent/present) between-subjects design. Unexpectedly, we did not find significant effects of the presence of gaze or mouse cursors on mental effort and learning. However, participants who watched videos with the gaze cursor found it easier to follow the teacher. Overall, participants responded positively to the gaze cursor, especially when the mouse cursor was not displayed in the video.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{EmhardtJarodzkaBrandGruweletal.2020,
  author    = {Emhardt, Selina and Jarodzka, Halszka and Brand-Gruwel, Saskia and Drumm, Christian and Gog, Tamara van},
  title     = {Introducing eye movement modeling examples for programming education and the role of teacher's didactic guidance},
  series = {ETRA '20 Short Papers: ACM Symposium on Eye Tracking Research and Applications},
  journal   = {ETRA '20 Short Papers: ACM Symposium on Eye Tracking Research and Applications},
  number    = {Art. 52},
  publisher = {ACM},
  address   = {New York},
  doi       = {10.1145/3379156.3391978},
  pages     = {1 -- 4},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {In this article, we introduce how eye-tracking technology might become a promising tool to teach programming skills, such as debugging with 'Eye Movement Modeling Examples' (EMME). EMME are tutorial videos that visualize an expert's (e.g., a programming teacher's) eye movements during task performance to guide students' attention, e.g., as a moving dot or circle. We first introduce the general idea behind the EMME method and present studies that showed first promising results regarding the benefits of EMME to support programming education. However, we argue that the instructional design of EMME varies notably across them, as evidence-based guidelines on how to create effective EMME are often lacking. As an example, we present our ongoing research on the effects of different ways to instruct the EMME model prior to video creation. Finally, we highlight open questions for future investigations that could help improving the design of EMME for (programming) education.},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{EltesterFerreinSchiffer2020,
  author    = {Eltester, Niklas Sebastian and Ferrein, Alexander and Schiffer, Stefan},
  title     = {A smart factory setup based on the RoboCup logistics league},
  series = {2020 IEEE Conference on Industrial Cyberphysical Systems (ICPS)},
  booktitle = {2020 IEEE Conference on Industrial Cyberphysical Systems (ICPS)},
  publisher = {IEEE},
  address   = {New York, NY},
  doi       = {10.1109/ICPS48405.2020.9274766},
  pages     = {297 -- 302},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {In this paper we present SMART-FACTORY, a setup for a research and teaching facility in industrial robotics that is based on the RoboCup Logistics League. It is driven by the need for developing and applying solutions for digital production. Digitization receives constantly increasing attention in many areas, especially in industry. The common theme is to make things smart by using intelligent computer technology. Especially in the last decade there have been many attempts to improve existing processes in factories, for example, in production logistics, also with deploying cyber-physical systems. An initiative that explores challenges and opportunities for robots in such a setting is the RoboCup Logistics League. Since its foundation in 2012 it is an international effort for research and education in an intra-warehouse logistics scenario. During seven years of competition a lot of knowledge and experience regarding autonomous robots was gained. This knowledge and experience shall provide the basis for further research in challenges of future production. The focus of our SMART-FACTORY is to create a stimulating environment for research on logistics robotics, for teaching activities in computer science and electrical engineering programmes as well as for industrial users to study and explore the feasibility of future technologies. Building on a very successful history in the RoboCup Logistics League we aim to provide stakeholders with a dedicated facility oriented at their individual needs.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{ElsenKraissKrumbiegeletal.1999,
  author    = {Elsen, Ingo and Kraiss, Karl-Friedrich and Krumbiegel, Dirk and Walter, Peter and Wickel, Jochen},
  title     = {Visual information retrieval for 3D product identification: a midterm report},
  series = {KI - K{\"u}nstliche Intelligenz},
  volume    = {13},
  journal   = {KI - K{\"u}nstliche Intelligenz},
  number    = {1},
  publisher = {Springer},
  address   = {Berlin},
  issn      = {1610-1987},
  pages     = {64 -- 67},
  year      = {1999},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{ElsenKraissKrumbiegel1997,
  author    = {Elsen, Ingo and Kraiss, Karl-Friedrich and Krumbiegel, Dirk},
  title     = {Pixel based 3D object recognition with bidirectional associative memories},
  series = {International Conference on Neural Networks 1997},
  booktitle = {International Conference on Neural Networks 1997},
  publisher = {IEEE},
  address   = {New York},
  isbn      = {0-7803-4122-8},
  pages     = {1679 -- 1684},
  year      = {1997},
  abstract  = {This paper addresses the pixel based recognition of 3D objects with bidirectional associative memories. Computational power and memory requirements for this approach are identified and compared to the performance of current computer architectures by benchmarking different processors. It is shown, that the performance of special purpose hardware, like neurocomputers, is between one and two orders of magnitude higher than the performance of mainstream hardware. On the other hand, the calculation of small neural networks is performed more efficiently on mainstream processors. Based on these results a novel concept is developed, which is tailored for the efficient calculation of bidirectional associative memories. The computational efficiency is further enhanced by the application of algorithms and storage techniques which are matched to characteristics of the application at hand.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{ElsenKraiss1999,
  author    = {Elsen, Ingo and Kraiss, Karl-Friedrich},
  title     = {System concept and realization of a scalable neurocomputing architecture},
  series = {Systems Analysis Modelling Simulation},
  volume    = {35},
  journal   = {Systems Analysis Modelling Simulation},
  number    = {4},
  publisher = {Gordon and Breach Science Publishers},
  address   = {Amsterdam},
  issn      = {0232-9298},
  pages     = {399 -- 419},
  year      = {1999},
  abstract  = {This paper describes the realization of a novel neurocomputer which is based on the concepts of a coprocessor. In contrast to existing neurocomputers the main interest was the realization of a scalable, flexible system, which is capable of computing neural networks of arbitrary topology and scale, with full independence of special hardware from the software's point of view. On the other hand, computational power should be added, whenever needed and flexibly adapted to the requirements of the application. Hardware independence is achieved by a run time system which is capable of using all available computing power, including multiple host CPUs and an arbitrary number of neural coprocessors autonomously. The realization of arbitrary neural topologies is provided through the implementation of the elementary operations which can be found in most neural topologies.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{ElsenHartungHornetal.2001,
  author    = {Elsen, Ingo and Hartung, Frank and Horn, Uwe and Kampmann, Markus and Peters, Liliane},
  title     = {Streaming technology in 3G mobile communication systems},
  series = {Computer : innovative technology for computer professionals},
  volume    = {34},
  journal   = {Computer : innovative technology for computer professionals},
  number    = {9 Seiten},
  editor    = {Voas, Jeffrey},
  publisher = {IEEE},
  address   = {New York},
  issn      = {0018-9162},
  pages     = {46 -- 52},
  year      = {2001},
  abstract  = {Third-generation mobile communication systems will combine standardized streaming with a range of unique services to provide high-quality Internet content that meets the specific needs of the rapidly growing mobile market.},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{Elsen1998,
  author    = {Elsen, Ingo},
  title     = {A pixel based approach to view based object recognition with self-organizing neural networks},
  series = {IECON'98. Proceedings of the 24th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society},
  booktitle = {IECON'98. Proceedings of the 24th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society},
  publisher = {IEEE},
  address   = {New York},
  isbn      = {0-7803-4503-7},
  doi       = {10.1109/IECON.1998.724032},
  pages     = {2040 -- 2044},
  year      = {1998},
  abstract  = {This paper addresses the pixel based classification of three dimensional objects from arbitrary views. To perform this task a coding strategy, inspired by the biological model of human vision, for pixel data is described. The coding strategy ensures that the input data is invariant against shift, scale and rotation of the object in the input domain. The image data is used as input to a class of self organizing neural networks, the Kohonen-maps or self-organizing feature maps (SOFM). To verify this approach two test sets have been generated: the first set, consisting of artificially generated images, is used to examine the classification properties of the SOFMs; the second test set examines the clustering capabilities of the SOFM when real world image data is applied to the network after it has been preprocessed to be invariant against shift, scale and rotation. It is shown that the clustering capability of the SOFM is strongly dependant on the invariance coding of the images.},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{EllerwegRitz2008,
  author    = {Ellerweg, Roland and Ritz, Thomas},
  title     = {Tool supported requirements analysis for the user centered development of mobile enterprise software},
  series = {Proceeding of Wireless Applications and Computing 2008 and Telecommunications, Networks and Systems 2008 : MCCSIS '08 ; IADIS Multi Conference on Computer Science and Information Systems ; 22 - 24 July 2008, Amsterdam, The Netherlands},
  booktitle = {Proceeding of Wireless Applications and Computing 2008 and Telecommunications, Networks and Systems 2008 : MCCSIS '08 ; IADIS Multi Conference on Computer Science and Information Systems ; 22 - 24 July 2008, Amsterdam, The Netherlands},
  editor    = {Roth, J{\"o}rg},
  publisher = {IADIS Press},
  address   = {[Lisboa]},
  isbn      = {978-972-8924-62-1},
  pages     = {160 -- 162},
  year      = {2008},
  abstract  = {A user centered development method has proved satisfactory for the development of mobile enterprise software. To make use of this method, detailed information about the user and the place where the user interacts with his mobile device is required. This article describes how both can be modeled by a stereotypical and conceptual extended UML extension. Finally, a software tool is presented that supports the developed UML extension.},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{ElgamalHeuermann2020,
  author    = {Elgamal, Abdelrahman and Heuermann, Holger},
  title     = {Design and Development of a Hot S-Parameter Measurement System for Plasma and Magnetron Applications},
  series = {Proceedings of the 2020 German Microwave Conference},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 2020 German Microwave Conference},
  publisher = {IEEE},
  address   = {New York, NY},
  isbn      = {978-3-9820397-1-8},
  pages     = {124 -- 127},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {This paper presents the design, development and calibration procedures of a novel hot S-parameter measurement system for plasma and magnetron applications with power level up to 6 kW. Based on a vector network analyzer, a power amplifier and two directional couplers, the input matching hotS 11 and transmission hotS 21 of the device under test are measured at 2.45 GHz center frequency and 300MHz bandwidth, while the device is driven by the magnetron. This measurement system opens a new horizon to develop many new industrial applications such as microwave plasma jets, dryer systems, dryers and so forth. Furthermore, the developing, controlling and monitoring a 2kW 2.45GHz plasma jet and a dryer system using the measurement system are presented and explained.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{ElbersRemmeLehmann1986,
  author    = {Elbers, Gereon and Remme, S. and Lehmann, G.},
  title     = {EPR of Cr3+ in Tris(acetylacetonato)gallium(III) Single Crystals},
  series = {Inorganic Chemistry. 25 (1986)},
  journal   = {Inorganic Chemistry. 25 (1986)},
  isbn      = {0020-1669},
  pages     = {896 -- 897},
  year      = {1986},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{ElbersRemmeLehmann1987,
  author    = {Elbers, Gereon and Remme, S. and Lehmann, G.},
  title     = {EPR and Optical Absorption of Cr3+ in CsCl and CsBr},
  series = {Physica Status Solidi (B). 142 (1987), H. 2},
  journal   = {Physica Status Solidi (B). 142 (1987), H. 2},
  isbn      = {0031-8957},
  pages     = {367 -- 377},
  year      = {1987},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{ElbersPfefferFrieseletal.1995,
  author    = {Elbers, Gereon and Pfeffer, Hans-Ulrich and Friesel, J{\"u}rgen and Beier, Reinhold},
  title     = {Air Pollution Monitoring in Street Canyons / Hans-Ulrich Pfeffer, J{\"u}rgen Friesel, Gereon Elbers, Reinhold Beier,},
  series = {Transport and air pollution : proceedings ; 3rd international symposium, Palais des Papes, Avignon, France, 6 - 10 June 1994 = Transports et pollution de l'air / [Third International Symposium on Transport and Air Pollution]. Ed. by Robert Joumard. Organizer: French National Institute for Transport and Safety Research},
  journal   = {Transport and air pollution : proceedings ; 3rd international symposium, Palais des Papes, Avignon, France, 6 - 10 June 1994 = Transports et pollution de l'air / [Third International Symposium on Transport and Air Pollution]. Ed. by Robert Joumard. Organizer: French National Institute for Transport and Safety Research},
  publisher = {Elsevier},
  address   = {Amsterdam},
  pages     = {IX, 337 S : graph. Darst.},
  year      = {1995},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{ElbersLehmann1985,
  author    = {Elbers, Gereon and Lehmann, G.},
  title     = {Electron paramagnetic resonance of Vanadyl ion impurities in crystalline solids: A comment},
  series = {Journal of Physics and Chemistry of Solids. 46 (1985), H. 6},
  journal   = {Journal of Physics and Chemistry of Solids. 46 (1985), H. 6},
  isbn      = {0022-3697},
  pages     = {761},
  year      = {1985},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{ElbersLehmann1985,
  author    = {Elbers, Gereon and Lehmann, G.},
  title     = {Electron Paramagnetic Resonance and Optical Absorption Spectra of VO2+ in CsCl Single Crystals},
  series = {Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Naturforschung / Section A, a journal of physical sciences. 40 (1985)},
  journal   = {Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Naturforschung / Section A, a journal of physical sciences. 40 (1985)},
  isbn      = {0932-0784},
  pages     = {511},
  year      = {1985},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{ElbersGaebHoffmannetal.2006,
  author    = {Elbers, Gereon and G{\"a}b, Martina and Hoffmann, Katharina and Lobe, Melanie},
  title     = {NIR-spectroscopic investigation of foliage of ozone-stressed Fagus sylvatica trees / G{\"a}b, Martina ; Hoffmann, Katharina ; Lobe, Melanie ; Metzger, Rut ; Ooyen, Sven van ; Elbers, Gereon ; K{\"o}llner, Barbara},
  series = {Journal of Forest Research. 11 (2006), H. 2},
  journal   = {Journal of Forest Research. 11 (2006), H. 2},
  isbn      = {1341-6979},
  pages     = {69 -- 75},
  year      = {2006},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{ElbersBuck1992,
  author    = {Elbers, Gereon and Buck, Manfred},
  title     = {Soot Concentration in Ambient Air / M. Buck, G. Elbers},
  series = {Erd{\"o}l \& Kohle, Erdgas, Petrochemie : EKEP. 45 (1992)},
  journal   = {Erd{\"o}l \& Kohle, Erdgas, Petrochemie : EKEP. 45 (1992)},
  isbn      = {0014-0058},
  pages     = {219},
  year      = {1992},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{ElbersBehnerRemmeetal.1986,
  author    = {Elbers, Gereon and Behner, T. and Remme, S. and Prissok, F.},
  title     = {Interstitial Metal Impurities as a Possible Cause of Enhanced Reactivities / T. Behner, G. Elbers, S. Remme, F. Prissok, P. Stegger, and G. Lehmann},
  series = {Berichte der Bunsen-Gesellschaft : physical chemistry, chemical physics. 90 (1986)},
  journal   = {Berichte der Bunsen-Gesellschaft : physical chemistry, chemical physics. 90 (1986)},
  isbn      = {0005-9021},
  pages     = {698},
  year      = {1986},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{Elbers2009,
  author    = {Elbers, Gereon},
  title     = {Identification of marker peptides in hair for discrimination with regard to species and breed / Koerner, Andrea ; Ring, Maike ; Fabry, Marlies ; Elbers, Gereon ; Moeller, Martin},
  series = {Proceedings of the Aachen-Dresden International Textile Conference, 3rd, Aachen, Germany, Nov. 26-27, 2009},
  journal   = {Proceedings of the Aachen-Dresden International Textile Conference, 3rd, Aachen, Germany, Nov. 26-27, 2009},
  publisher = {DWI},
  address   = {Aachen},
  pages     = {1 CD-ROM},
  year      = {2009},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{ElBashirDigel2009,
  author    = {ElBashir, Rasha and Digel, Ilya},
  title     = {Effect of nitric oxide gas on hydrogels : [abstract]},
  year      = {2009},
  abstract  = {The results support our theory that the NO gas has an influence in increasing the translational diffusion of hydrogels and it accelerates the melting process of the gels.},
  subject      = {Stickstoffmonoxid},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{ElDeibChudobaButenwegetal.2002,
  author    = {El-Deib, Khaled and Chudoba, Rostislav and Butenweg, Christoph and Meskouris, Konstantin and K{\"o}nke, Carsten and Bettzieche, Volker},
  title     = {Safety assessment of rockfill and masonry dams},
  series = {Structural dynamics - EURODYN 2002 : proceedings of the 4th [i.e. 5th] International Conference on Structural Dynamics, Munich, Germany, 2 - 5 September 2002 / ed. by H. Grundmann ... Vol. 1},
  booktitle = {Structural dynamics - EURODYN 2002 : proceedings of the 4th [i.e. 5th] International Conference on Structural Dynamics, Munich, Germany, 2 - 5 September 2002 / ed. by H. Grundmann ... Vol. 1},
  publisher = {Balkema},
  address   = {Lisse},
  organization    = {International Conference on Structural Dynamics <5, 2002, M{\"u}nchen>},
  isbn      = {90-5809-510-X},
  pages     = {237 -- 242},
  year      = {2002},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{ElQuardiStreckertBitzetal.2011,
  author    = {El Quardi, A. and Streckert, J. and Bitz, Andreas and M{\"u}nkner, S. and Engel, J. and Hansen, V.},
  title     = {New fin-line devices for radiofrequency exposure of small biological samples in vitro allowing whole-cell patch clamp recordings},
  series = {Bioelectromagnetics},
  volume    = {32},
  journal   = {Bioelectromagnetics},
  number    = {2},
  publisher = {Wiley},
  address   = {Weinheim},
  issn      = {1521-186X},
  doi       = {10.1002/bem.20621},
  pages     = {102 -- 112},
  year      = {2011},
  abstract  = {The development and analysis of three waveguides for the exposure of small biological in vitro samples to mobile communication signals at 900 MHz (GSM, Global System for Mobile Communications), 1.8 GHz (GSM), and 2 GHz (UMTS, Universal Mobile Telecommunications System) is presented. The waveguides were based on a fin-line concept and the chamber containing the samples bathed in extracellular solution was placed onto two fins with a slot in between, where the exposure field concentrates. Measures were taken to allow for patch clamp recordings during radiofrequency (RF) exposure. The necessary power for the achievement of the maximum desired specific absorption rate (SAR) of 20 W/kg (average over the mass of the solution) was approximately Pin = 50 mW, Pin = 19 mW, and Pin = 18 mW for the 900 MHz, 1800 MHz, and 2 GHz devices, respectively. At 20 W/kg, a slight RF-induced temperature elevation in the solution of no more than 0.3 °C was detected, while no thermal offsets due to the electromagnetic exposure could be detected at the lower SAR settings (2, 0.2, and 0.02 W/kg). A deviation of 10\% from the intended solution volume yielded a calculated SAR deviation of 8\% from the desired value. A maximum ±10\% variation in the local SAR could occur when the position of the patch clamp electrode was altered within the area where the cells to be investigated were located.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{ElMoussaouiTalbiAtmaneetal.2020,
  author    = {El Moussaoui, Noureddine and Talbi, Sofian and Atmane, Ilyas and Kassmi, Khalil and Schwarzer, Klemens and Chayeb, Hamid and Bachiri, Najib},
  title     = {Feasibility of a new design of a Parabolic Trough Solar Thermal Cooker (PSTC)},
  series = {Solar Energy},
  volume    = {201},
  journal   = {Solar Energy},
  number    = {Vol. 201 (May 2020)},
  publisher = {Elsevier},
  address   = {Amsterdam},
  issn      = {0038-092X},
  doi       = {10.1016/j.solener.2020.03.079},
  pages     = {866 -- 871},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {In this article, we describe the structure, the functioning, and the tests of parabolic trough solar thermal cooker (PSTC). This oven is designed to meet the needs of rural residents, including Urban, which requires stable cooking temperatures above 200 °C. The cooking by this cooker is based on the concentration of the sun's rays on a glass vacuum tube and heating of the oil circulate in a big tube, located inside the glass tube. Through two small tubes, associated with large tube, the heated oil, rise and heats the pot of cooking pot containing the food to be cooked (capacity of 5 kg). This cooker is designed in Germany and extensively tested in Morocco for use by the inhabitants who use wood from forests. During a sunny day, having a maximum solar radiation around 720 W/m2 and temperature ambient around 26 °C, maximum temperatures recorded of the small tube, the large tube and the center of the pot are respectively: 370 °C, 270 °C and 260 °C. The cooking process with food at high (fries, ..), we show that the cooking oil temperature rises to 200 °C, after 1 h of heating, the cooking is done at a temperature of 120 °C for 20 min. These temperatures are practically stable following variations and decreases in the intensity of irradiance during the day. The comparison of these results with those of the literature shows an improvement of 30-50 \% on the maximum value of the temperature with a heat storage that could reach 60 min of autonomy. All the results obtained show the good functioning of the PSTC and the feasibility of cooking food at high temperature (>200 °C).},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{ElMoussaouiKassmiAlexopoulosetal.2021,
  author    = {El Moussaoui, Noureddine and Kassmi, Khalil and Alexopoulos, Spiros and Schwarzer, Klemens and Chayeb, Hamid and Bachiri, Najib},
  title     = {Simulation studies on a new innovative design of a hybrid solar distiller MSDH alimented with a thermal and photovoltaic energy},
  series = {Materialstoday: Proceedings},
  volume    = {45},
  booktitle = {Materialstoday: Proceedings},
  number    = {8},
  publisher = {Elsevier},
  address   = {Amsterdam},
  issn      = {2214-7853},
  doi       = {10.1016/j.matpr.2021.03.115},
  pages     = {7653 -- 7660},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {In this paper, we present the structure, the simulation the operation of a multi-stage, hybrid solar desalination system (MSDH), powered by thermal and photovoltaic (PV) (MSDH) energy. The MSDH system consists of a lower basin, eight horizontal stages, a field of four flat thermal collectors with a total area of 8.4 m2, 3 Kw PV panels and solar batteries. During the day the system is heated by thermal energy, and at night by heating resistors, powered by solar batteries. These batteries are charged by the photovoltaic panels during the day. More specifically, during the day and at night, we analyse the temperature of the stages and the production of distilled water according to the solar irradiation intensity and the electric heating power, supplied by the solar batteries. The simulations were carried out in the meteorological conditions of the winter month (February 2020), presenting intensities of irradiance and ambient temperature reaching 824 W/m2 and 23 °C respectively. The results obtained show that during the day the system is heated by the thermal collectors, the temperature of the stages and the quantity of water produced reach 80 °C and 30 Kg respectively. At night, from 6p.m. the system is heated by the electric energy stored in the batteries, the temperature of the stages and the quantity of water produced reach respectively 90 °C and 104 Kg for an electric heating power of 2 Kw. Moreover, when the electric power varies from 1 Kw to 3 Kw the quantity of water produced varies from 92 Kg to 134 Kg. The analysis of these results and their comparison with conventional solar thermal desalination systems shows a clear improvement both in the heating of the stages, by 10\%, and in the quantity of water produced by a factor of 3.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{ElBerguiAbouabdillahBouriougetal.2023,
  author    = {El Bergui, Omnia and Abouabdillah, Aziz and Bourioug, Mohamed and Schmitz, Dominik and Biel, Markus and Aboudrare, Abdellah and Krauss, Manuel and Jomaa, Ahlem and Romuli, Sebastian and M{\"u}ller, Joachim and Fagroud, Mustapha and Bouabid, Rachid},
  title     = {Innovative solutions for drought: Evaluating hydrogel application on onion cultivation (Allium cepa) in Morocco},
  series = {Water},
  volume    = {15},
  journal   = {Water},
  number    = {11},
  publisher = {MDPI},
  address   = {Basel},
  doi       = {10.3390/w15111972},
  pages     = {Artikel 1972},
  year      = {2023},
  abstract  = {Throughout the last decade, and particularly in 2022, water scarcity has become a critical concern in Morocco and other Mediterranean countries. The lack of rainfall during spring was worsened by a succession of heat waves during the summer. To address this drought, innovative solutions, including the use of new technologies such as hydrogels, will be essential to transform agriculture. This paper presents the findings of a study that evaluated the impact of hydrogel application on onion (Allium cepa) cultivation in Meknes, Morocco. The treatments investigated in this study comprised two different types of hydrogel-based soil additives (Arbovit® polyacrylate and Huminsorb® polyacrylate), applied at two rates (30 and 20 kg/ha), and irrigated at two levels of water supply (100\% and 50\% of daily crop evapotranspiration; ETc). Two control treatments were included, without hydrogel application and with both water amounts. The experiment was conducted in an open field using a completely randomized design. The results indicated a significant impact of both hydrogel-type dose and water dose on onion plant growth, as evidenced by various vegetation parameters. Among the hydrogels tested, Huminsorb® Polyacrylate produced the most favorable outcomes, with treatment T9 (100\%, HP, 30 kg/ha) yielding 70.55 t/ha; this represented an increase of 11 t/ha as compared to the 100\% ETc treatment without hydrogel application. Moreover, the combination of hydrogel application with 50\% ETc water stress showed promising results, with treatment T4 (HP, 30 kg, 50\%) producing almost the same yield as the 100\% ETc treatment without hydrogel while saving 208 mm of water.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{EilmannZweifelBuchmannetal.2011,
  author    = {Eilmann, Britta and Zweifel, Roman and Buchmann, Nina and Graf Pannatier, Elisabeth and Rigling, Andreas},
  title     = {Drought alters timing, quantity, and quality of wood formation in Scots pine},
  series = {Journal of Experimental Botany},
  volume    = {62},
  journal   = {Journal of Experimental Botany},
  number    = {8},
  publisher = {Oxford University Press},
  address   = {Oxford},
  issn      = {1460-2431 (Online)},
  doi       = {10.1093/jxb/erq443},
  pages     = {2763 -- 2771},
  year      = {2011},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{EilmannZweifelBuchmannetal.2009,
  author    = {Eilmann, Britta and Zweifel, Roman and Buchmann, Nina and Fonti, Patrick and Rigling, Andreas},
  title     = {Drought-induced adaptation of the xylem in Scots pine and pubescent oak},
  series = {Tree Physiology},
  volume    = {29},
  journal   = {Tree Physiology},
  number    = {8},
  publisher = {Heron},
  address   = {Victoria, BC},
  issn      = {0829-318X (Print)},
  doi       = {10.1093/treephys/tpp035},
  pages     = {1011 -- 1020},
  year      = {2009},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{EilmannWeberRiglingetal.2006,
  author    = {Eilmann, Britta and Weber, Pascale and Rigling, Andreas and Eckstein, Dieter},
  title     = {Growth reactions of Pinus sylvestris L. and Quercus pubescens Willd. to drought years at a xeric site in Valais, Switzerland},
  series = {Dendrochronologia},
  volume    = {23},
  journal   = {Dendrochronologia},
  number    = {3},
  issn      = {1612-0051 (Online)},
  doi       = {doi:10.1016/j.dendro.2005.10.002},
  pages     = {121 -- 132},
  year      = {2006},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{EilmannSterckWegneretal.2014,
  author    = {Eilmann, Britta and Sterck, Frank J. and Wegner, L. and de Vries, Sven M. G. and von Arx, G. and Mohren, Godefridus M. J. and den Ouden, Jan and Sass-Klaassen, Ute G. W.},
  title     = {Wood structural differences between northern and southern beech provenances growing at a moderate site},
  series = {Tree Physiology},
  volume    = {34},
  journal   = {Tree Physiology},
  number    = {8},
  publisher = {Oxford University Press},
  address   = {Oxford},
  issn      = {1758-4469 (Online)},
  doi       = {10.1093/treephys/tpu069},
  pages     = {882 -- 893},
  year      = {2014},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{EilmannRigling2012,
  author    = {Eilmann, Britta and Rigling, Andreas},
  title     = {Tree-growth analyses to estimate tree species' drought tolerance},
  series = {Tree Physiology},
  volume    = {32},
  journal   = {Tree Physiology},
  number    = {2},
  editor    = {Abrams, Marc},
  publisher = {Oxford University Press},
  address   = {Oxford},
  issn      = {0829-318X (Print)},
  doi       = {10.1093/treephys/tps004},
  pages     = {178 -- 187},
  year      = {2012},
  abstract  = {Climate change is challenging forestry management and practices. Among other things, tree species with the ability to cope with more extreme climate conditions have to be identified. However, while environmental factors may severely limit tree growth or even cause tree death, assessing a tree species' potential for surviving future aggravated environmental conditions is rather demanding. The aim of this study was to find a tree-ring-based method suitable for identifying very drought-tolerant species, particularly potential substitute species for Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) in Valais. In this inner-Alpine valley, Scots pine used to be the dominating species for dry forests, but today it suffers from high drought-induced mortality. We investigate the growth response of two native tree species, Scots pine and European larch (Larix decidua Mill.), and two non-native species, black pine (Pinus nigra Arnold) and Douglas fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii Mirb. var. menziesii), to drought. This involved analysing how the radial increment of these species responded to increasing water shortage (abandonment of irrigation) and to increasingly frequent drought years. Black pine and Douglas fir are able to cope with drought better than Scots pine and larch, as they show relatively high radial growth even after irrigation has been stopped and a plastic growth response to drought years. European larch does not seem to be able to cope with these dry conditions as it lacks the ability to recover from drought years. The analysis of trees' short-term response to extreme climate events seems to be the most promising and suitable method for detecting how tolerant a tree species is towards drought. However, combining all the methods used in this study provides a complete picture of how water shortage could limit species.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{EilmannDobbertinRigling2013,
  author    = {Eilmann, Britta and Dobbertin, Matthias and Rigling, Andreas},
  title     = {Growth response of Scots pine with different crown transparency status to drought release},
  series = {Annals of Forest Science},
  volume    = {70},
  journal   = {Annals of Forest Science},
  number    = {7},
  publisher = {Springer},
  address   = {Cham},
  issn      = {1286-4560 (Print)},
  doi       = {10.1007/s13595-013-0310-z},
  pages     = {685 -- 693},
  year      = {2013},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{EilmanndeVriesdenOudenetal.2013,
  author    = {Eilmann, Britta and de Vries, Sven M. G. and den Ouden, Jan and Mohren, Godefridus M. J. and Sauren, Pascal and Sass-Klaassen, Ute G. W.},
  title     = {Origin matters! Difference in drought tolerance and productivity of coastal Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.)) provenances},
  series = {Forest Ecology and Management},
  volume    = {2013},
  journal   = {Forest Ecology and Management},
  number    = {302},
  publisher = {Elsevier},
  address   = {Amsterdam},
  issn      = {1872-7042 (Online)},
  doi       = {doi:10.1016/j.foreco.2013.03.031},
  pages     = {133 -- 143},
  year      = {2013},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{EilmannBuchmannSiegwolfetal.2010,
  author    = {Eilmann, Britta and Buchmann, Nina and Siegwolf, Rolf and Saurer, Matthias and Cherubini, Paolo and Rigling, Andreas},
  title     = {Fast response of Scots pine to improved water availability reflected in tree-ring width and δ13C},
  series = {Plant, Cell and Environment},
  volume    = {33},
  journal   = {Plant, Cell and Environment},
  number    = {8},
  publisher = {Wiley-Blackwell},
  address   = {Oxford},
  issn      = {1365-3040 (Online)},
  doi       = {10.1111/j.1365-3040.2010.02153.x},
  pages     = {1351 -- 1360},
  year      = {2010},
  abstract  = {Drought-induced forest decline, like the Scots pine mortality in inner-Alpine valleys, will gain in importance as the frequency and severity of drought events are expected to increase. To understand how chronic drought affects tree growth and tree-ring δ13C values, we studied mature Scots pine in an irrigation experiment in an inner-Alpine valley. Tree growth and isotope analyses were carried out at the annual and seasonal scale. At the seasonal scale, maximum δ13C values were measured after the hottest and driest period of the year, and were associated with decreasing growth rates. Inter-annual δ13C values in early- and latewood showed a strong correlation with annual climatic conditions and an immediate decrease as a response to irrigation. This indicates a tight coupling between wood formation and the freshly produced assimilates for trees exposed to chronic drought. This rapid appearance of the isotopic signal is a strong indication for an immediate and direct transfer of newly synthesized assimilates for biomass production. The fast appearance and the distinct isotopic signal suggest a low availability of old stored carbohydrates. If this was a sign for C-storage depletion, an increasing mortality could be expected when stressors increase the need for carbohydrate for defence, repair or regeneration.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{EijckDemmelArtmannetal.2011,
  author    = {Eijck, Lambert van and Demmel, Franz and Artmann, Gerhard and Stadtler, Andreas Maximilian},
  title     = {Macromolecular dynamics in red blood cells investigated using neutron spectroscopy},
  series = {Journal of the Royal Society Interface},
  volume    = {8},
  journal   = {Journal of the Royal Society Interface},
  number    = {57},
  publisher = {The Royal Society},
  address   = {London},
  isbn      = {1742-5689},
  pages     = {590 -- 600},
  year      = {2011},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{EickmannEschFunkeetal.2014,
  author    = {Eickmann, Matthias and Esch, Thomas and Funke, Harald and Abanteriba, Sylvester and Roosen, Petra},
  title     = {Biofuels in Aviation - Safety Implications of Bio-Ethanol Usage in General Aviation Aircraft},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {Up in the clouds and above fuels and construction materials must be very carefully selected to ensure a smooth flight and touchdown. Out of around 38,000 single and dual-engined propeller aeroplanes, roughly a third are affected by a new trend in the fuel sector that may lead to operating troubles or even emergency landings: The admixture of bio-ethanol to conventional gasoline. Experiences with these fuels may be projected to alternative mixtures containing new components.},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{EichlerSkupinThurnetal.2019,
  author    = {Eichler, Fabian and Skupin, Marco and Thurn, Laura and Kasch, Susanne and Schmidt, Thomas},
  title     = {Operating limits for beam melting of glass materials},
  series = {Modern Technologies in Manufacturing (MTeM 2019)},
  volume    = {299},
  booktitle = {Modern Technologies in Manufacturing (MTeM 2019)},
  number    = {Article 01004},
  doi       = {10.1051/matecconf/201929901004},
  pages     = {8 Seiten},
  year      = {2019},
  abstract  = {Laser-based Additive Manufacturing (AM) processes for the use of metals out of the powder bed have been investigated profusely and are prevalent in industry. Although there is a broad field of application, Laser Powder Bed Fusion (LPBF), also known as Selective Laser Melting (SLM) of glass is not fully developed yet. The material properties of glass are significantly different from the investigated metallic material for LPBF so far. As such, the process cannot be transferred, and the parameter limits and the process sequence must be redefined for glass. Starting with the characterization of glass powders, a parameter field is initially confined to investigate the process parameter of different glass powder using LPBFprocess. A feasibility study is carried out to process borosilicate glass powder. The effects of process parameters on the dimensional accuracy of fabricated parts out of borosilicate and hints for the post-processing are analysed and presented in this paper.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{EichlerBalcBremenetal.2024,
  author    = {Eichler, Fabian and Balc, Nicolae and Bremen, Sebastian and Nink, Philipp},
  title     = {Investigation of laser powder bed fusion parameters with respect to their influence on the thermal conductivity of 316L samples},
  series = {Journal of Manufacturing and Materials Processing},
  volume    = {8},
  journal   = {Journal of Manufacturing and Materials Processing},
  number    = {4},
  publisher = {MDPI},
  address   = {Basel},
  issn      = {2504-4494},
  doi       = {10.3390/jmmp8040166},
  pages     = {12 Seiten},
  year      = {2024},
  abstract  = {The thermal conductivity of components manufactured using Laser Powder Bed Fusion (LPBF), also called Selective Laser Melting (SLM), plays an important role in their processing. Not only does a reduced thermal conductivity cause residual stresses during the process, but it also makes subsequent processes such as the welding of LPBF components more difficult. This article uses 316L stainless steel samples to investigate whether and to what extent the thermal conductivity of specimens can be influenced by different LPBF parameters. To this end, samples are set up using different parameters, orientations, and powder conditions and measured by a heat flow meter using stationary analysis. The heat flow meter set-up used in this study achieves good reproducibility and high measurement accuracy, so that comparative measurements between the various LPBF influencing factors to be tested are possible. In summary, the series of measurements show that the residual porosity of the components has the greatest influence on conductivity. The degradation of the powder due to increased recycling also appears to be detectable. The build-up direction shows no detectable effect in the measurement series.},
  language  = {en}
}