@inproceedings{FingerKhalsaKreyeretal.2019,
  author    = {Finger, Felix and Khalsa, R. and Kreyer, J{\"o}rg and Mayntz, Joscha and Braun, Carsten and Dahmann, Peter and Esch, Thomas and Kemper, Hans and Schmitz, O. and Bragard, Michael},
  title     = {An approach to propulsion system modelling for the conceptual design of hybrid-electric general aviation aircraft},
  series = {Deutscher Luft- und Raumfahrtkongress 2019, 30.9.-2.10.2019, Darmstadt},
  booktitle = {Deutscher Luft- und Raumfahrtkongress 2019, 30.9.-2.10.2019, Darmstadt},
  pages     = {15 Seiten},
  year      = {2019},
  abstract  = {In this paper, an approach to propulsion system modelling for hybrid-electric general aviation aircraft is presented. Because the focus is on general aviation aircraft, only combinations of electric motors and reciprocating combustion engines are explored. Gas turbine hybrids will not be considered. The level of the component's models is appropriate for the conceptual design stage. They are simple and adaptable, so that a wide range of designs with morphologically different propulsive system architectures can be quickly compared. Modelling strategies for both mass and efficiency of each part of the propulsion system (engine, motor, battery and propeller) will be presented.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{FayyaziSardarThomasetal.2023,
  author    = {Fayyazi, Mojgan and Sardar, Paramjotsingh and Thomas, Sumit Infent and Daghigh, Roonak and Jamali, Ali and Esch, Thomas and Kemper, Hans and Langari, Reza and Khayyam, Hamid},
  title     = {Artificial intelligence/machine learning in energy management systems, control, and optimization of hydrogen fuel cell vehicles},
  volume    = {15},
  number    = {6},
  publisher = {MDPI},
  address   = {Basel},
  doi       = {10.3390/su15065249},
  pages     = {38},
  year      = {2023},
  abstract  = {Environmental emissions, global warming, and energy-related concerns have accelerated the advancements in conventional vehicles that primarily use internal combustion engines. Among the existing technologies, hydrogen fuel cell electric vehicles and fuel cell hybrid electric vehicles may have minimal contributions to greenhouse gas emissions and thus are the prime choices for environmental concerns. However, energy management in fuel cell electric vehicles and fuel cell hybrid electric vehicles is a major challenge. Appropriate control strategies should be used for effective energy management in these vehicles. On the other hand, there has been significant progress in artificial intelligence, machine learning, and designing data-driven intelligent controllers. These techniques have found much attention within the community, and state-of-the-art energy management technologies have been developed based on them. This manuscript reviews the application of machine learning and intelligent controllers for prediction, control, energy management, and vehicle to everything (V2X) in hydrogen fuel cell vehicles. The effectiveness of data-driven control and optimization systems are investigated to evolve, classify, and compare, and future trends and directions for sustainability are discussed.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{EschWoltersSalberetal.2001,
  author    = {Esch, Thomas and Wolters, P. and Salber, W. and Geiger, J.},
  title     = {Variable Ventilsteuerung und Direkteinspritzung - vom Wettbewerb zur Synergie},
  series = {Motor und Umwelt 2001, Internal Combustion Engine Versus Fuel Cell - Potential and Limitations as Automotive Power Sources, Verbrennungsmotor versus Brennstoffzelle - Potenziale und Grenzen f{\"u}r den Automobilantrieb, Proc., Graz, AT, 6.-7. Sep, 2001},
  journal   = {Motor und Umwelt 2001, Internal Combustion Engine Versus Fuel Cell - Potential and Limitations as Automotive Power Sources, Verbrennungsmotor versus Brennstoffzelle - Potenziale und Grenzen f{\"u}r den Automobilantrieb, Proc., Graz, AT, 6.-7. Sep, 2001},
  pages     = {183 -- 206},
  year      = {2001},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{EschSaupeFahletal.1994,
  author    = {Esch, Thomas and Saupe, T. and Fahl, E. and Koch, F.},
  title     = {Verbrauchseinsparung durch bedarfsgerechten Antrieb der Nebenaggregate},
  series = {Motortechnische Zeitschrift. 55 (1994), H. 7/8},
  journal   = {Motortechnische Zeitschrift. 55 (1994), H. 7/8},
  isbn      = {0024-8525},
  pages     = {416 -- 431},
  year      = {1994},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{EschSalberWoltersetal.2002,
  author    = {Esch, Thomas and Salber, Wolfgang and Wolters, Peter and Geiger, Jos{\´e} and Dilthey, Jochen},
  title     = {Synergies of variable valve actuation and direct injection},
  series = {Direct injection SI engine technology 2002 : [SAE 2002 world congress, Detroit, Michigan, USA, March 4 - 7, 2002].},
  journal   = {Direct injection SI engine technology 2002 : [SAE 2002 world congress, Detroit, Michigan, USA, March 4 - 7, 2002].},
  publisher = {Society of Automotive Engineers},
  address   = {Warrendale, Pa},
  isbn      = {0-7680-0961-8},
  pages     = {45 -- 53},
  year      = {2002},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{EschSalberKemperetal.2001,
  author    = {Esch, Thomas and Salber, W. and Kemper, Hans and Staay, F. van der},
  title     = {Der elektromechanische Ventiltrieb - Systembaustein f{\"u}r zuk{\"u}nftige Antriebskonzepte, Teil 2.},
  series = {Motortechnische Zeitschrift (MTZ).},
  volume    = {62},
  journal   = {Motortechnische Zeitschrift (MTZ).},
  number    = {1},
  publisher = {Springer Nature},
  address   = {Basel},
  issn      = {0024-8525},
  doi       = {10.1007/bf03227081},
  pages     = {44 -- 55},
  year      = {2001},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{EschSalberKemperetal.2000,
  author    = {Esch, Thomas and Salber, W. and Kemper, Hans and Staay, F. van der},
  title     = {Der elektromechanische Ventiltrieb - Systembaustein f{\"u}r zuk{\"u}nftige Antriebskonzepte, Teil 1.},
  series = {Motortechnische Zeitschrift (MTZ).},
  volume    = {61},
  journal   = {Motortechnische Zeitschrift (MTZ).},
  number    = {12},
  publisher = {Springer Nature},
  address   = {Basel},
  issn      = {0024-8525},
  doi       = {10.1007/bf03227081},
  pages     = {826 -- 836},
  year      = {2000},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{EschPischingerHagenetal.1998,
  author    = {Esch, Thomas and Pischinger, M. and Hagen, J. and Salber, W.},
  title     = {M{\"o}glichkeiten der ottomotorischen Prozeßf{\"u}hrung bei Verwendung des elektromechanischen Ventiltriebs},
  pages     = {987 -- 1015},
  year      = {1998},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{EschPischingerGoebel1996,
  author    = {Esch, Thomas and Pischinger, M. and G{\"o}bel, T.},
  title     = {Luft- und Kraftstoffzumessung bei Ottomotoren mit variabler Ventilsteuerung},
  series = {Motortechnische Zeitschrift. 57 (1996), H. 2},
  journal   = {Motortechnische Zeitschrift. 57 (1996), H. 2},
  isbn      = {0024-8525},
  pages     = {106 -- 115},
  year      = {1996},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{EschGoebelPischinger1995,
  author    = {Esch, Thomas and G{\"o}bel, T. and Pischinger, M.},
  title     = {Variable Ventilsteuerung - Luft- und Kraftstoffzumessung bei Ottomotoren mit variabler Ventilsteuerung},
  series = {Forschungsberichte Verbrennungskraftmaschinen. 578 (1995)},
  journal   = {Forschungsberichte Verbrennungskraftmaschinen. 578 (1995)},
  pages     = {1 -- 42},
  year      = {1995},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{EschGoebel1993,
  author    = {Esch, Thomas and G{\"o}bel, T.},
  title     = {Gemischbildung bei drosselfreier Laststeuerung von Ottomotoren},
  series = {Motortechnische Zeitschrift. 54 (1993), H. 12},
  journal   = {Motortechnische Zeitschrift. 54 (1993), H. 12},
  isbn      = {0024-8525},
  pages     = {616 -- 618},
  year      = {1993},
  language  = {de}
}
@techreport{EschFunkeRoosen2010,
  author    = {Esch, Thomas and Funke, Harald and Roosen, Petra},
  title     = {SIoBiA - Safety Implications of Biofuels in Aviation},
  publisher = {EASA},
  address   = {K{\"o}ln},
  pages     = {279 Seiten},
  year      = {2010},
  abstract  = {Biofuels potentially interesting also for aviation purposes are predominantly liquid fuels produced from biomass. The most common biofuels today are biodiesel and bioethanol. Since diesel engines are rather rare in aviation this survey is focusing on ethanol admixed to gasoline products. The Directive 2003/30/EC of the European Parliament and the Council of May 8th 2003 on the promotion of the use of biofuels or other renewable fuels for transport encourage a growing admixture of biogenic fuel components to fossil automotive gasoline. Some aircraft models equipped with spark ignited piston engines are approved for operation with automotive gasoline, frequently called "MOGAS" (motor gasoline). The majority of those approvals is limited to MOGAS compositions that do not contain methanol or ethanol beyond negligible amounts. In the past years (bio-)MTBE or (bio-)ETBE have been widely used as blending component of automotive gasoline whilst the usage of low-molecular alcohols like methanol or ethanol has been avoided due to the handling problems especially with regard to the strong affinity for water. With rising mandatory bio-admixtures the conversion of the basic biogenic ethanol to ETBE, causing a reduction of energetic payoff, becomes more and more unattractive. Therefore the direct ethanol admixture is accordingly favoured. Due to the national enforcements of the directive 2003/30/EC more oxygenates produced from organic materials like bioethanol have started to appear in automotive gasolines already. The current fuel specification EN 228 already allows up to 3 \% volume per volume (v/v) (bio-)methanol or up to 5 \% v/v (bio-)ethanol as fuel components. This is also roughly the amount of biogenic components to comply with the legal requirements to avoid monetary penalties for producers and distributors of fuels. Since automotive fuel is cheaper than the common aviation gasoline (AVGAS), creates less problems with lead deposits in the engine, and in general produces less pollutants it is strongly favoured by pilots. But being designed for a different set of usage scenarios the use of automotive fuel with low molecular alcohols for aircraft operation may have adverse effects in aviation operation. Increasing amounts of ethanol admixtures impose various changes in the gasoline's chemical and physical properties, some of them rather unexpected and not within the range of flight experiences even of long-term pilots.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{EschFunkeRoosenetal.2011,
  author    = {Esch, Thomas and Funke, Harald and Roosen, Peter and Jarolimek, Ulrich},
  title     = {Biogene Automobilkraftstoffe in der allgemeinen Luftfahrt},
  series = {Motortechnische Zeitschrift (MTZ).},
  volume    = {72},
  journal   = {Motortechnische Zeitschrift (MTZ).},
  number    = {1},
  publisher = {Springer Nature},
  address   = {Basel},
  isbn      = {0024-8525},
  doi       = {10.1365/s35146-011-0013-7},
  pages     = {54 -- 59},
  year      = {2011},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{EschFunkeRoosenetal.2011,
  author    = {Esch, Thomas and Funke, Harald and Roosen, Peter and Jarolimek, Ulrich},
  title     = {Biogenic Vehicle Fuels in General Aviation Aircrafts},
  series = {MTZ worldwide. 72 (2011), H. 1},
  journal   = {MTZ worldwide. 72 (2011), H. 1},
  publisher = {Springer Automotive Media},
  address   = {Wiesbaden},
  pages     = {38 -- 43},
  year      = {2011},
  language  = {en}
}
@techreport{EschEickmannCoussementetal.2013,
  author    = {Esch, Thomas and Eickmann, Matthias and Coussement, Axel and Kalbhenn, Hartmut},
  title     = {Wasserstoffspezifische Abstimmung der Ladungswechselvorg{\"a}nge eines Verbrennungsmotors mit Direkteinblasung : Schlussbericht f{\"u}r das Forschungsvorhaben ; Kurztitel: HydI - Hydrogen direct injection ; F{\"o}rderperiode 01.07.2008 - 31.12.2011 / FH Aachen, Thermodynamik und Verbrennungstechnik},
  address   = {Aachen},
  organization    = {FH Aachen},
  pages     = {Online-Ressource (PDF-Datei: 94 S.) : Ill., graph. Darst.},
  year      = {2013},
  language  = {de}
}
@techreport{EschDammKalbhenn2013,
  author    = {Esch, Thomas and Damm, Marc Andr{\´e} and Kalbhenn, Hartmut},
  title     = {Auslegung und Simulation eines Hybridantriebs f{\"u}r den teilelektrischen Betrieb eines Luftfahrzeuges der allgemeinen Luftfahrt : Schlussbericht f{\"u}r das Forschungsvorhaben ; F{\"o}rderperiode 01.07.2009 - 31.05.2012},
  address   = {Aachen ; Hannover},
  doi       = {10.2314/GBV:780055411},
  pages     = {1 Online-Ressource (138 Seiten)},
  year      = {2013},
  language  = {de}
}
@book{EschAppelHoepke2008,
  author    = {Esch, Thomas and Appel, Wolfgang and H{\"o}pke, Friedrich},
  title     = {Nutzfahrzeugtechnik : Grundlagen, Systeme, Komponenten ; mit 35 Tabellen / Appel, Wolfgang ; H{\"o}pke, Friedrich ... Esch, Thomas [u.a.] 5., vollst. {\"u}berarb. Aufl.},
  publisher = {Vieweg + Teubner},
  address   = {Wiesbaden},
  isbn      = {978-3-8348-0374-0},
  pages     = {XXVIII, 509 S. : zahlr. Ill. und graph. Darst.},
  year      = {2008},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{Esch1991,
  author    = {Esch, Thomas},
  title     = {Optimized design of the lubrication system of modern combustion engines. Verbesserte Ausf{\"u}hrung von Schmierungssystemen bei modernen Verbrennungsmotoren},
  isbn      = {0148-7191},
  doi       = {10.4271/912407},
  pages     = {1 -- 11},
  year      = {1991},
  language  = {en}
}
@book{Esch2005,
  author    = {Esch, Thomas},
  title     = {Experimentelle Untersuchungen an Verbrennungsmotoren. - 7. Aufl.},
  publisher = {Fachhochschule Aachen, Lehr- und Forschungsgebiet Thermodynamik und Verbrennungstechnik},
  address   = {Aachen},
  pages     = {Getr. Z{\"a}hlung : Ill., graph. Darst.},
  year      = {2005},
  language  = {de}
}
@book{Esch2005,
  author    = {Esch, Thomas},
  title     = {Technische Thermodynamik},
  publisher = {Fachhochschule Aachen, Lehr- und Forschungsgebiet Thermodynamik und Verbrennungstechnik},
  address   = {Aachen},
  pages     = {Getr. Z{\"a}hlung : graph. Darst.},
  year      = {2005},
  language  = {de}
}
@book{Esch2005,
  author    = {Esch, Thomas},
  title     = {Verbrennungsmotoren. - 6. Aufl., [Umdruck]},
  publisher = {Fachhochschule Aachen, Lehr- und Forschungsgebiet Thermodynamik und Verbrennungstechnik},
  address   = {Aachen},
  pages     = {Getr. Z{\"a}hlung : Ill., graph. Darst.},
  year      = {2005},
  language  = {de}
}
@book{Esch2005,
  author    = {Esch, Thomas},
  title     = {Raumfahrtantriebe. - 6. Aufl., [Umdruck]},
  publisher = {Fachhochschule Aachen, Lehr- und Forschungsgebiet Thermodynamik und Verbrennungstechnik},
  address   = {Aachen},
  pages     = {Getr. Z{\"a}hlung : Ill., graph. Darst.},
  year      = {2005},
  language  = {de}
}
@book{Esch2006,
  author    = {Esch, Thomas},
  title     = {Dynamik der Fahrzeuge : L{\"a}ngsdynamik. - 5. Aufl., [Umdruck]. - (Angewandte Thermodynamik und Verbrennungstechnik)},
  publisher = {Fachhochschule Aachen, Lehr- und Forschungsgebiet Thermodynamik und Verbrennungstechnik},
  address   = {Aachen},
  pages     = {Getr. Z{\"a}hlung : zahlr. graph. Darst.},
  year      = {2006},
  language  = {de}
}
@book{Esch2006,
  author    = {Esch, Thomas},
  title     = {Experimentelle Untersuchungen an Verbrennungsmotoren. - 8. Aufl., [Umdruck]. - (Angewandte Thermodynamik und Verbrennungstechnik)},
  publisher = {Fachhochschule Aachen, Lehr- und Forschungsgebiet Thermodynamik und Verbrennungstechnik},
  address   = {Aachen},
  pages     = {Getr. Z{\"a}hlung : zahlr. Ill. und graph. Darst.},
  year      = {2006},
  language  = {de}
}
@book{Esch2007,
  author    = {Esch, Thomas},
  title     = {Verbrennungstechnik. - 6. Aufl., [Umdruck]. - (Angewandte Thermodynamik und Verbrennungstechnik)},
  publisher = {Fachhochschule Aachen, Lehr- und Forschungsgebiet Thermodynamik und Verbrennungstechnik},
  address   = {Aachen},
  pages     = {Getr. Z{\"a}hlung : Ill. und graph. Darst.},
  year      = {2007},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{Esch2010,
  author    = {Esch, Thomas},
  title     = {Trends in der Nutzfahrzeugantriebstechnik},
  series = {Motortechnische Zeitschrift (MTZ)},
  volume    = {71},
  journal   = {Motortechnische Zeitschrift (MTZ)},
  number    = {10},
  publisher = {Springer Nature},
  address   = {Basel},
  isbn      = {0024-8525},
  doi       = {10.1007/bf03225608},
  pages     = {652 -- 658},
  year      = {2010},
  language  = {de}
}
@book{Esch2007,
  author    = {Esch, Thomas},
  title     = {Experimentelle Untersuchungen an Antriebssystemen von Kraft-, Luft- und Raumfahrzeugen : Vorlesungsumdruck. Bd. 1},
  publisher = {Fachhochschule Aachen, Lehr- und Forschungsgebiet Thermodynamik und Verbrennungstechnik},
  address   = {Aachen},
  pages     = {Getr. Z{\"a}hlung : zahlr. Ill. und graph. Darst.},
  year      = {2007},
  language  = {de}
}
@book{Esch2007,
  author    = {Esch, Thomas},
  title     = {Experimentelle Untersuchungen an Antriebssystemen von Kraft-, Luft- und Raumfahrzeugen : Vorlesungsumdruck. Bd. 2},
  publisher = {Fachhochschule Aachen, Lehr- und Forschungsgebiet Thermodynamik und Verbrennungstechnik},
  address   = {Aachen},
  pages     = {Getr. Z{\"a}hlung : zahlr. Ill. und graph. Darst.},
  year      = {2007},
  language  = {de}
}
@book{Esch2012,
  author    = {Esch, Thomas},
  title     = {Experimentelle Untersuchungen an Antriebssystemen von Kraft-, Luft- und Raumfahrzeugen : Vorlesungsumdruck. 2. Aufl. Bd. 2},
  publisher = {Fachhochschule Aachen, Lehr- und Forschungsgebiet Thermodynamik und Verbrennungstechnik},
  address   = {Aachen},
  pages     = {Getr. Z{\"a}hlung : zahlr. Ill. und graph. Darst.},
  year      = {2012},
  language  = {de}
}
@book{Esch2008,
  author    = {Esch, Thomas},
  title     = {Verbrennungstechnik : Vorlesungsumdruck. 7. Aufl.},
  publisher = {Fachhochschule Aachen, Lehr- und Forschungsgebiet Thermodynamik und Verbrennungstechnik},
  address   = {Aachen},
  pages     = {Getr. Z{\"a}hlung : Ill. und graph. Darst.},
  year      = {2008},
  language  = {de}
}
@book{Esch2011,
  author    = {Esch, Thomas},
  title     = {Verbrennungstechnik : Vorlesungsumdruck. 8. Aufl.},
  publisher = {Fachhochschule Aachen, Lehr- und Forschungsgebiet Thermodynamik und Verbrennungstechnik},
  address   = {Aachen},
  pages     = {Getr. Z{\"a}hlung : Ill. und graph. Darst.},
  year      = {2011},
  language  = {de}
}
@book{Esch2009,
  author    = {Esch, Thomas},
  title     = {Raumfahrtantriebe. 7. Aufl., [Umdruck]},
  publisher = {Fachhochschule Aachen, Lehr- und Forschungsgebiet Thermodynamik und Verbrennungstechnik},
  address   = {Aachen},
  pages     = {Getr. Z{\"a}hlung : Ill. und graph. Darst.},
  year      = {2009},
  language  = {de}
}
@book{Esch2013,
  author    = {Esch, Thomas},
  title     = {Experimentelle Untersuchungen an Antriebssystemen von Kraft-, Luft- und Raumfahrzeugen : Vorlesungsumdruck. 2. Aufl. Bd. 1},
  edition   = {2. Aufl.},
  publisher = {Fachhochschule Aachen, Lehr- und Forschungsgebiet Thermodynamik und Verbrennungstechnik},
  address   = {Aachen},
  pages     = {Getr. Z{\"a}hlung : Ill. und graph. Darst.},
  year      = {2013},
  language  = {de}
}
@book{Esch2015,
  author    = {Esch, Thomas},
  title     = {Verbrennungsmotoren},
  edition   = {11. Aufl., [Umdruck]},
  publisher = {Fachhochschule Aachen, Lehr- und Forschungsgebiet Thermodynamik und Verbrennungstechnik},
  address   = {Aachen},
  pages     = {Getr. Z{\"a}hlung : Ill. und graph. Darst.},
  year      = {2015},
  language  = {de}
}
@book{Esch2013,
  author    = {Esch, Thomas},
  title     = {Verbrennungsmotoren},
  edition   = {10. Aufl., [Umdruck]},
  publisher = {Fachhochschule Aachen, Lehr- und Forschungsgebiet Thermodynamik und Verbrennungstechnik},
  address   = {Aachen},
  pages     = {Getr. Z{\"a}hlung : Ill. und graph. Darst.},
  year      = {2013},
  language  = {de}
}
@book{Esch2015,
  author    = {Esch, Thomas},
  title     = {Experimentelle Untersuchungen an Antriebssystemen von Kraft-, Luft- und Raumfahrzeugen : Vorlesungsumdruck. 3. Aufl. Bd. 1},
  edition   = {3. Aufl.},
  publisher = {Fachhochschule Aachen, Lehr- und Forschungsgebiet Thermodynamik und Verbrennungstechnik},
  address   = {Aachen},
  pages     = {Getr. Z{\"a}hlung : Ill. und graph. Darst.},
  year      = {2015},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{Esch2010,
  author    = {Esch, Thomas},
  title     = {Trends in commercial vehicle powertrains},
  series = {ATZautotechnology},
  volume    = {2010},
  journal   = {ATZautotechnology},
  number    = {10},
  publisher = {Vieweg \& Sohn},
  address   = {Wiesbaden},
  issn      = {2192-886X},
  doi       = {10.1007/BF03247185},
  pages     = {26 -- 31},
  year      = {2010},
  abstract  = {Low emission zones and truck bans, the rising price of diesel and increases in road tolls: all of these factors are putting serious pressure on the transport industry. Commercial vehicle manufacturers and their suppliers are in the process of identifying new solutions to these challenges as part of their efforts to meet the EEV (enhanced environmentally friendly vehicle) limits, which are currently the most robust European exhaust and emissions standards for trucks and buses.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{EickmannEschFunkeetal.2014,
  author    = {Eickmann, Matthias and Esch, Thomas and Funke, Harald and Abanteriba, Sylvester and Roosen, Petra},
  title     = {Biofuels in Aviation - Safety Implications of Bio-Ethanol Usage in General Aviation Aircraft},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {Up in the clouds and above fuels and construction materials must be very carefully selected to ensure a smooth flight and touchdown. Out of around 38,000 single and dual-engined propeller aeroplanes, roughly a third are affected by a new trend in the fuel sector that may lead to operating troubles or even emergency landings: The admixture of bio-ethanol to conventional gasoline. Experiences with these fuels may be projected to alternative mixtures containing new components.},
  language  = {en}
}
@incollection{BusseEschMuntaniol2015,
  author    = {Busse, Daniel and Esch, Thomas and Muntaniol, Roman},
  title     = {Thermal management in E-carsharing vehicles - preconditioning concepts of passenger compartments},
  series = {E-Mobility in Europe : trends and good practice},
  booktitle = {E-Mobility in Europe : trends and good practice},
  publisher = {Springer},
  address   = {Cham [u.a.]},
  isbn      = {978-3-319-13193-1},
  doi       = {10.1007/978-3-319-13194-8_18},
  pages     = {327 -- 343},
  year      = {2015},
  abstract  = {The issue of thermal management in electric vehicles includes the topics of drivetrain cooling and heating, interior temperature, vehicle body conditioning and safety. In addition to the need to ensure optimal thermal operating conditions of the drivetrain components (drive motor, battery and electrical components), thermal comfort must be provided for the passengers. Thermal comfort is defined as the feeling which expresses the satisfaction of the passengers with the ambient conditions in the compartment. The influencing factors on thermal comfort are the temperature and humidity as well as the speed of the indoor air and the clothing and the activity of the passengers, in addition to the thermal radiation and the temperatures of the interior surfaces. The generation and the maintenance of free visibility (ice- and moisture-free windows) count just as important as on-demand heating and cooling of the entire vehicle. A Carsharing climate concept of the innovative ec2go vehicle stipulates and allows for only seating areas used by passengers to be thermally conditioned in a close-to-body manner. To enable this, a particular feature has been added to the preconditioning of the Carsharing electric vehicle during the electric charging phase at the parking station.},
  language  = {en}
}
@book{AppelBraehlerDahlhausetal.2010,
  author    = {Appel, Wolfgang and Br{\"a}hler, Hermann and Dahlhaus, Ulrich and Esch, Thomas and Kopp, Stephan and Rhein, Bernd},
  title     = {Nutzfahrzeugtechnik : Grundlagen, Systeme, Komponenten. 6., {\"u}berarb. Aufl.},
  publisher = {Vieweg + Teubner},
  address   = {Wiesbaden},
  isbn      = {978-3-8348-9757-2},
  pages     = {XXVIII, 509 S. : Ill., graph. Darst.},
  year      = {2010},
  language  = {de}
}
@book{AppelBraehlerBreueretal.2013,
  author    = {Appel, Wolfgang and Br{\"a}hler, Hermann and Breuer, Stefan and Dahlhaus, Ulrich and Esch, Thomas and Hoepke, Erich and Kopp, Stephan and Rhein, Bernd},
  title     = {Nutzfahrzeugtechnik : Grundlagen, Systeme, Komponenten. 7., {\"u}berarb. u. erw. Aufl.},
  publisher = {Vieweg + Teubner},
  address   = {Wiesbaden},
  isbn      = {978-3-8348-2224-6},
  pages     = {XXXII, 620 S. : Ill., graph. Darst.},
  year      = {2013},
  language  = {de}
}