@article{OlaruKowalskiSethietal.2012,
  author    = {Olaru, Alexandra Maria and Kowalski, Julia and Sethi, Vaishali and Bl{\"u}mich, Bernhard},
  title     = {Exchange relaxometry of flow at small P{\´e}clet numbers in a glass bead pack},
  series = {Journal of Magnetic Resonance (JMR)},
  volume    = {220},
  journal   = {Journal of Magnetic Resonance (JMR)},
  publisher = {Elsevier},
  address   = {Amsterdam},
  issn      = {1096-0856},
  doi       = {10.1016/j.jmr.2012.04.015},
  pages     = {32 -- 44},
  year      = {2012},
  abstract  = {In this paper we consider low P{\´e}clet number flow in bead packs. A series of relaxation exchange experiments has been conducted and evaluated by ILT analysis. In the resulting correlation maps, we observed a collapse of the signal and a translation towards smaller relaxation times with increasing flow rates, as well as a signal tilt with respect to the diagonal. In the discussion of the phenomena we present a mathematical theory for relaxation exchange experiments that considers both diffusive and advective transport. We perform simulations based on this theory and discuss them with respect to the conducted experiments.},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{FunkeKeinzBoerneretal.2013,
  author    = {Funke, Harald and Keinz, Jan and B{\"o}rner, Sebastian and Haj Ayed, A. and Kusterer, K. and Tekin, N. and Kazari, M. and Kitajima, J. and Horikawa, A. and Okada, K.},
  title     = {Experimental and numerical characterization of the dry low NOx micromix hydrogen combustion principle at increased energy density for industrial hydrogen gas turbine applications},
  series = {Combustion, fuels and emissions : proceedings of the ASME Turbo Expo: Turbine Technical Conference and Exposition - 2013 ; June 3 - 7, 2013, San Antonio, Texas, USA ; vol. 1},
  booktitle = {Combustion, fuels and emissions : proceedings of the ASME Turbo Expo: Turbine Technical Conference and Exposition - 2013 ; June 3 - 7, 2013, San Antonio, Texas, USA ; vol. 1},
  editor    = {Song, Seung Jin},
  publisher = {ASME},
  address   = {New York, NY},
  organization    = {American Society of Mechanical Engineers},
  isbn      = {978-0-7918-5510-2},
  pages     = {V001T04A055},
  year      = {2013},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{KronigerHorikawaFunkeetal.2021,
  author    = {Kroniger, Daniel and Horikawa, Atsushi and Funke, Harald and Pf{\"a}ffle, Franziska and Kishimoto, Tsuyoshi and Okada, Koichi},
  title     = {Experimental and numerical investigation on the effect of pressure on micromix hydrogen combustion},
  series = {ASME Turbo Expo 2021: Turbomachinery Technical Conference and Exposition // Volume 3A: Combustion, Fuels, and Emissions},
  booktitle = {ASME Turbo Expo 2021: Turbomachinery Technical Conference and Exposition // Volume 3A: Combustion, Fuels, and Emissions},
  doi       = {10.1115/GT2021-58926},
  pages     = {11 Seiten},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {The micromix (MMX) combustion concept is a DLN gas turbine combustion technology designed for high hydrogen content fuels. Multiple non-premixed miniaturized flames based on jet in cross-flow (JICF) are inherently safe against flashback and ensure a stable operation in various operative conditions. The objective of this paper is to investigate the influence of pressure on the micromix flame with focus on the flame initiation point and the NOx emissions. A numerical model based on a steady RANS approach and the Complex Chemistry model with relevant reactions of the GRI 3.0 mechanism is used to predict the reactive flow and NOx emissions at various pressure conditions. Regarding the turbulence-chemical interaction, the Laminar Flame Concept (LFC) and the Eddy Dissipation Concept (EDC) are compared. The numerical results are validated against experimental results that have been acquired at a high pressure test facility for industrial can-type gas turbine combustors with regard to flame initiation and NOx emissions. The numerical approach is adequate to predict the flame initiation point and NOx emission trends. Interestingly, the flame shifts its initiation point during the pressure increase in upstream direction, whereby the flame attachment shifts from anchoring behind a downstream located bluff body towards anchoring directly at the hydrogen jet. The LFC predicts this change and the NOx emissions more accurately than the EDC. The resulting NOx correlation regarding the pressure is similar to a non-premixed type combustion configuration.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{HajAyedKustererFunkeetal.2015,
  author    = {Haj Ayed, A. and Kusterer, K. and Funke, Harald and Keinz, Jan and Striegan, Constantin and Bohn, D.},
  title     = {Experimental and numerical investigations of the dry-low-NOx hydrogen micromix combustion chamber of an industrial gas turbine},
  series = {Propulsion and power research},
  volume    = {Vol. 4},
  journal   = {Propulsion and power research},
  number    = {Iss. 3},
  issn      = {2212-540X},
  doi       = {10.1016/j.jppr.2015.07.005},
  pages     = {123 -- 131},
  year      = {2015},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{FunkeDickhoffKeinzetal.2014,
  author    = {Funke, Harald and Dickhoff, J. and Keinz, Jan and Anis, H. A. and Parente, A. and Hendrick, P.},
  title     = {Experimental and numerical study of the micromix combustion principle applied for hydrogen and hydrogen-rich syngas as fuel with increased energy density for industrial gas turbine applications},
  series = {Energy procedia},
  journal   = {Energy procedia},
  number    = {61},
  publisher = {Elsevier},
  address   = {Amsterdam},
  issn      = {1876-6102 (E-Journal)},
  doi       = {10.1016/j.egypro.2014.12.201},
  pages     = {1736 -- 1739},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {The Dry Low NOx (DLN) Micromix combustion principle with increased energy density is adapted for the industrial gas turbine APU GTCP 36-300 using hydrogen and hydrogen-rich syngas with a composition of 90\%-Vol. hydrogen (H₂) and 10\%-Vol. carbon-monoxide (CO). Experimental and numerical studies of several combustor geometries for hydrogen and syngas show the successful advance of the DLN Micromix combustion from pure hydrogen to hydrogen-rich syngas. The impact of the different fuel properties on the combustion principle and aerodynamic flame stabilization design laws, flow field, flame structure and emission characteristics is investigated by numerical analysis using a hybrid Eddy Break Up combustion model and validated against experimental results.},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{FunkeKeinzKustereretal.2015,
  author    = {Funke, Harald and Keinz, Jan and Kusterer, K. and Haj Ayed, A. and Kazari, M. and Kitajima, J. and Horikawa, A. and Okada, K.},
  title     = {Experimental and Numerical Study on Optimizing the DLN Micromix Hydrogen Combustion Principle for Industrial Gas Turbine Applications},
  series = {ASME Turbo Expo 2015: Turbine Technical Conference and Exposition Volume 4A: Combustion, Fuels and Emissions Montreal, Quebec, Canada, June 15-19, 2015},
  booktitle = {ASME Turbo Expo 2015: Turbine Technical Conference and Exposition Volume 4A: Combustion, Fuels and Emissions Montreal, Quebec, Canada, June 15-19, 2015},
  isbn      = {978-0-7918-5668-0},
  doi       = {10.1115/GT2015-42043},
  pages     = {V04AT04A008},
  year      = {2015},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{FunkeKeinzKustereretal.2016,
  author    = {Funke, Harald and Keinz, Jan and Kusterer, Karsten and Ayed, Anis Haj and Kazari, Masahide and Kitajima, Junichi and Horikawa, Atsushi and Okada, Kunio},
  title     = {Experimental and Numerical Study on Optimizing the Dry Low NOₓ Micromix Hydrogen Combustion Principle for Industrial Gas Turbine Applications},
  series = {Journal of Thermal Science and Engineering Applications},
  volume    = {9},
  journal   = {Journal of Thermal Science and Engineering Applications},
  number    = {2},
  publisher = {ASME},
  address   = {New York, NY},
  issn      = {1948-5093},
  doi       = {10.1115/1.4034849},
  pages     = {021001 -- 021001-10},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {Combined with the use of renewable energy sources for its production, hydrogen represents a possible alternative gas turbine fuel for future low-emission power generation. Due to the difference in the physical properties of hydrogen compared to other fuels such as natural gas, well-established gas turbine combustion systems cannot be directly applied to dry low NOₓ (DLN) hydrogen combustion. The DLN micromix combustion of hydrogen has been under development for many years, since it has the promise to significantly reduce NOₓ emissions. This combustion principle for air-breathing engines is based on crossflow mixing of air and gaseous hydrogen. Air and hydrogen react in multiple miniaturized diffusion-type flames with an inherent safety against flashback and with low NOₓ emissions due to a very short residence time of the reactants in the flame region. The paper presents an advanced DLN micromix hydrogen application. The experimental and numerical study shows a combustor configuration with a significantly reduced number of enlarged fuel injectors with high-thermal power output at constant energy density. Larger fuel injectors reduce manufacturing costs, are more robust and less sensitive to fuel contamination and blockage in industrial environments. The experimental and numerical results confirm the successful application of high-energy injectors, while the DLN micromix characteristics of the design point, under part-load conditions, and under off-design operation are maintained. Atmospheric test rig data on NOₓ emissions, optical flame-structure, and combustor material temperatures are compared to numerical simulations and show good agreement. The impact of the applied scaling and design laws on the miniaturized micromix flamelets is particularly investigated numerically for the resulting flow field, the flame-structure, and NOₓ formation.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{FunkeBoernerKrebsetal.2011,
  author    = {Funke, Harald and B{\"o}rner, Sebastian and Krebs, W. and Wolf, E.},
  title     = {Experimental Characterization of Low NOx Micromix Prototype Combustors for Industrial Gas Turbine Applications},
  series = {ASME Turbo Expo 2011 ; Vancouver, Canada, June 6-10, 2011},
  journal   = {ASME Turbo Expo 2011 ; Vancouver, Canada, June 6-10, 2011},
  year      = {2011},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{FunkeKeinzHendrick2017,
  author    = {Funke, Harald and Keinz, Jan and Hendrick, P.},
  title     = {Experimental Evaluation of the Pollutant and Noise Emissions of the GTCP 36-300 Gas Turbine Operated with Kerosene and a Low NOX Micromix Hydrogen Combustor},
  series = {7th European Conference for Aeronautics and Space Sciences, EUCASS 2017},
  booktitle = {7th European Conference for Aeronautics and Space Sciences, EUCASS 2017},
  organization    = {7th European Conference for Aeronautics and Space Sciences, EUCASS 2017-125, Milan, Italy, July 2017},
  doi       = {10.13009/EUCASS2017-125},
  pages     = {10 Seiten},
  year      = {2017},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{GierseKraemerDaabetal.2013,
  author    = {Gierse, Andreas and Kr{\"a}mer, Stefan and Daab, Dominique J. and Hessel, Joana and Baader, Fabian and M{\"u}ller, Brigitte S. and Wagner, Tobias and Gdalewitsch, Georg and Plescher, Engelbert and Pf{\"u}tzenreuter, Lysan},
  title     = {Experimental in-flight modal-analysis of a sounding rocket structure},
  series = {21st ESA Symposium on Rocket and Ballon related Research},
  booktitle = {21st ESA Symposium on Rocket and Ballon related Research},
  isbn      = {9789290922858},
  pages     = {341 -- 346},
  year      = {2013},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{BohnFunke2003,
  author    = {Bohn, Dieter and Funke, Harald},
  title     = {Experimental investigations into the nonuniform flow in a 4-stage turbine with special focus on the flow equalization in the first turbine stage},
  series = {ASME TURBO EXPO, Proceedings of the ASME Turbo Expo, 2003},
  journal   = {ASME TURBO EXPO, Proceedings of the ASME Turbo Expo, 2003},
  isbn      = {0-7918-3689-4},
  pages     = {281 -- 289},
  year      = {2003},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{ReckerBosschaertsWagemakersetal.2010,
  author    = {Recker, Elmar and Bosschaerts, Walter and Wagemakers, Rolf and Hendrick, Patrick and Funke, Harald and B{\"o}rner, Sebastian},
  title     = {Experimental study of a round jet in cross-flow at low momentum ratio},
  series = {15th International Symposium on Applications of Laser Techniques to Fluid Mechanics Lisbon, Portugal, 05-08 July, 2010 - 1},
  journal   = {15th International Symposium on Applications of Laser Techniques to Fluid Mechanics Lisbon, Portugal, 05-08 July, 2010 - 1},
  pages     = {1 -- 13},
  year      = {2010},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{HavermannSalveTinetal.1994,
  author    = {Havermann, Marc and Salve, M. de and Tin, G. del and Panella, B.},
  title     = {Experimental Study of the Temperature Field along a Density Lock / Salve, M. de ; Tin, G. del ; Panella, B. ; Sansoldo, D. ; Havermann, M.},
  series = {Proceedings : International Conference on New Trends in Nuclear System Thermohydraulics, May 30th - June 2nd, 1994, Pisa / organized by Dipartimento di Costruzioni Meccaniche e Nucleari ... . Ed. by Francesco Oriolo},
  journal   = {Proceedings : International Conference on New Trends in Nuclear System Thermohydraulics, May 30th - June 2nd, 1994, Pisa / organized by Dipartimento di Costruzioni Meccaniche e Nucleari ... . Ed. by Francesco Oriolo},
  publisher = {-},
  address   = {Pisa},
  pages     = {623 -- 630},
  year      = {1994},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{BullerschenVoigtFriedrich1990,
  author    = {Bullerschen, Klaus-Gerd and Voigt, H. and Friedrich, R.},
  title     = {Experimentelle und mathematische Untersuchungen zum Heißtransport von Stranggußbrammen},
  series = {Stahl und Eisen. 110 (1990), H. 6},
  journal   = {Stahl und Eisen. 110 (1990), H. 6},
  isbn      = {0378-7559},
  pages     = {97 -- 105},
  year      = {1990},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{MertensHuenecke1988,
  author    = {Mertens, Josef and H{\"u}necke, Klaus},
  title     = {Experimentelle Untersuchung zur Landeeigenschaft von Hyperschall-Flugger{\"a}ten / H{\"u}necke, Klaus ; Mertens, Josef},
  series = {DGLR-Jahrbuch 1988 Bd. 1},
  journal   = {DGLR-Jahrbuch 1988 Bd. 1},
  pages     = {706},
  year      = {1988},
  language  = {de}
}
@book{Esch2013,
  author    = {Esch, Thomas},
  title     = {Experimentelle Untersuchungen an Antriebssystemen von Kraft-, Luft- und Raumfahrzeugen : Vorlesungsumdruck. 2. Aufl. Bd. 1},
  edition   = {2. Aufl.},
  publisher = {Fachhochschule Aachen, Lehr- und Forschungsgebiet Thermodynamik und Verbrennungstechnik},
  address   = {Aachen},
  pages     = {Getr. Z{\"a}hlung : Ill. und graph. Darst.},
  year      = {2013},
  language  = {de}
}
@book{Esch2012,
  author    = {Esch, Thomas},
  title     = {Experimentelle Untersuchungen an Antriebssystemen von Kraft-, Luft- und Raumfahrzeugen : Vorlesungsumdruck. 2. Aufl. Bd. 2},
  publisher = {Fachhochschule Aachen, Lehr- und Forschungsgebiet Thermodynamik und Verbrennungstechnik},
  address   = {Aachen},
  pages     = {Getr. Z{\"a}hlung : zahlr. Ill. und graph. Darst.},
  year      = {2012},
  language  = {de}
}
@book{Esch2015,
  author    = {Esch, Thomas},
  title     = {Experimentelle Untersuchungen an Antriebssystemen von Kraft-, Luft- und Raumfahrzeugen : Vorlesungsumdruck. 3. Aufl. Bd. 1},
  edition   = {3. Aufl.},
  publisher = {Fachhochschule Aachen, Lehr- und Forschungsgebiet Thermodynamik und Verbrennungstechnik},
  address   = {Aachen},
  pages     = {Getr. Z{\"a}hlung : Ill. und graph. Darst.},
  year      = {2015},
  language  = {de}
}
@book{Esch2007,
  author    = {Esch, Thomas},
  title     = {Experimentelle Untersuchungen an Antriebssystemen von Kraft-, Luft- und Raumfahrzeugen : Vorlesungsumdruck. Bd. 1},
  publisher = {Fachhochschule Aachen, Lehr- und Forschungsgebiet Thermodynamik und Verbrennungstechnik},
  address   = {Aachen},
  pages     = {Getr. Z{\"a}hlung : zahlr. Ill. und graph. Darst.},
  year      = {2007},
  language  = {de}
}
@book{Esch2007,
  author    = {Esch, Thomas},
  title     = {Experimentelle Untersuchungen an Antriebssystemen von Kraft-, Luft- und Raumfahrzeugen : Vorlesungsumdruck. Bd. 2},
  publisher = {Fachhochschule Aachen, Lehr- und Forschungsgebiet Thermodynamik und Verbrennungstechnik},
  address   = {Aachen},
  pages     = {Getr. Z{\"a}hlung : zahlr. Ill. und graph. Darst.},
  year      = {2007},
  language  = {de}
}
@book{Esch2005,
  author    = {Esch, Thomas},
  title     = {Experimentelle Untersuchungen an Verbrennungsmotoren. - 7. Aufl.},
  publisher = {Fachhochschule Aachen, Lehr- und Forschungsgebiet Thermodynamik und Verbrennungstechnik},
  address   = {Aachen},
  pages     = {Getr. Z{\"a}hlung : Ill., graph. Darst.},
  year      = {2005},
  language  = {de}
}
@book{Esch2006,
  author    = {Esch, Thomas},
  title     = {Experimentelle Untersuchungen an Verbrennungsmotoren. - 8. Aufl., [Umdruck]. - (Angewandte Thermodynamik und Verbrennungstechnik)},
  publisher = {Fachhochschule Aachen, Lehr- und Forschungsgebiet Thermodynamik und Verbrennungstechnik},
  address   = {Aachen},
  pages     = {Getr. Z{\"a}hlung : zahlr. Ill. und graph. Darst.},
  year      = {2006},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{GerhardtKrueger2000,
  author    = {Gerhardt, Hans Joachim and Kr{\"u}ger, O.},
  title     = {Experimentelle Untersuchungen zur Entrauchung großer R{\"a}ume unter besonderer Beachtung des Windeinflusses},
  series = {vfdb-Zeitschrift. 49 (2000), H. 2},
  journal   = {vfdb-Zeitschrift. 49 (2000), H. 2},
  isbn      = {0042-1804},
  pages     = {47 -- 54},
  year      = {2000},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{Blome2004,
  author    = {Blome, Hans-Joachim},
  title     = {Exploration des Weltalls. Raumfahrt und der Weg des Menschen in den Kosmos},
  series = {Telepolis special. Wie Forscher und Raumfahrer Aliens aufsp{\"u}ren wollen},
  journal   = {Telepolis special. Wie Forscher und Raumfahrer Aliens aufsp{\"u}ren wollen},
  publisher = {Heise Zeitschriften Verlag},
  address   = {Hannover},
  year      = {2004},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{MertensRoeger2000,
  author    = {Mertens, Josef and R{\"o}ger, Wolf},
  title     = {F-Schlepp: Problem Taumelschwingung},
  series = {Aerokurier. 44 (2000), H. 10},
  journal   = {Aerokurier. 44 (2000), H. 10},
  isbn      = {0341-1281},
  pages     = {73 -- 73},
  year      = {2000},
  language  = {de}
}
@incollection{HeimesKampkerKehreretal.2023,
  author    = {Heimes, Heiner Hans and Kampker, Achim and Kehrer, Mario and D{\"u}nnwald, Simon and Heetfeld, Lennart and Polzenberg, Jens and Budde, Lucas and Keusen, Maximilian and Pandey, Rahul and R{\"o}th, Thilo},
  title     = {Fahrzeugstruktur},
  series = {Elektromobilit{\"a}t: Grundlagen einer Fortschrittstechnologie},
  booktitle = {Elektromobilit{\"a}t: Grundlagen einer Fortschrittstechnologie},
  editor    = {Kampker, Achim and Heimes, Heiner Hans},
  publisher = {Springer Vieweg},
  address   = {Berlin},
  isbn      = {978-3-662-65811-6 (Print)},
  doi       = {10.1007/978-3-662-65812-3_5},
  pages     = {69 -- 106},
  year      = {2023},
  abstract  = {Um sowohl Treibhausgas-Emissionen zu verringern als auch Kraftstoffressourcen zu schonen, wird zunehmend an einer Transformation konventionell angetriebener Kraftfahrzeuge hin zu elektrifizierten Antriebskonzepten gearbeitet. Basierend auf herk{\"o}mmlichen Fahrzeugen mit Verbrennungsmotor wurde eine Vielzahl neuer Antriebssysteme mit verschiedenem Elektrifizierungsgrad entwickelt. Mitte der 1990er-Jahre kamen erste Fahrzeuge mit einem Hybridantrieb auf den Markt. Die Kombination aus Verbrennungs- und Elektromotor erlaubt eine Verbrauchsreduktion und Bremsenergier{\"u}ckgewinnung sowie lokal emissionsfreies Fahren.},
  language  = {de}
}
@misc{HoehnerDultmeyerWahle1993,
  author    = {H{\"o}hner, Peter and Dultmeyer, Josef and Wahle, Michael},
  title     = {Federanordnung f{\"u}r einen Rollstuhl : Offenlegungsschrift / Europ{\"a}ische Patentschrift},
  publisher = {Deutsches Patent- und Markenamt / Europ{\"a}isches Patentamt / United States Patent and Trademark Office},
  address   = {M{\"u}nchen / Den Hague u.a.},
  pages     = {4 S. : Ill.},
  year      = {1993},
  language  = {de}
}
@book{Cordewiner1983,
  author    = {Cordewiner, Hans-Josef},
  title     = {Fertigung und Test der Metallfaltbelaege des TEXTOR-Vakuumgefaesses},
  publisher = {Kernforschungsanlage Juelich GmbH},
  address   = {J{\"u}lich},
  year      = {1983},
  language  = {de}
}
@techreport{FunkeKeinz2015,
  author    = {Funke, Harald and Keinz, Jan},
  title     = {FHprofUnt2012: Adaption und Optimierung des Dry-Low-NOx-Micromix-Verfahrens f{\"u}r hohe Energiedichten f{\"u}r Wasserstoff und H2-reiche Synthesegase (Kurztitel: DLN-H2-Syngas-Verbrennung) : Ver{\"o}ffentlichung der Ergebnisse von Forschungsvorhaben im BMBF-Programm : Projektlaufzeit: 01.08.2012 bis 30.04.2015 : F{\"o}rderkennzeichen: 03FH019PX2},
  doi       = {10.2314/GBV:86689893X},
  pages     = {80 S.},
  year      = {2015},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{McArdellBarteltKowalski2007,
  author    = {McArdell, Brian W. and Bartelt, Perry and Kowalski, Julia},
  title     = {Field observations of basal forces and fluid pore pressure in a debris flow},
  series = {Geophysical Research Letters (GRL)},
  volume    = {34},
  journal   = {Geophysical Research Letters (GRL)},
  number    = {7},
  isbn      = {0094-8276},
  year      = {2007},
  abstract  = {Using results from an 8 m2 instrumented force plate we describe field measurements of normal and shear stresses, and fluid pore pressure for a debris flow. The flow depth increased from 0.1 to 1 m within the first 12 s of flow front arrival, remained relatively constant until 100 s, and then gradually decreased to 0.5 m by 600 s. Normal and shear stresses and pore fluid pressure varied in-phase with the flow depth. Calculated bulk densities are ρb = 2000-2250 kg m-3 for the bulk flow and ρf = 1600-1750 kg m-3 for the fluid phase. The ratio of effective normal stress to shear stress yields a Coulomb basal friction angle of ϕ = 26° at the flow front. We did not find a strong correlation between the degree of agitation in the flow, estimated using the signal from a geophone on the force plate, and an assumed dynamic pore fluid pressure. Our data support the idea that excess pore-fluid pressures are long lived in debris flows and therefore contribute to their unusual mobility.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{BaaderBoxbergChenetal.2023,
  author    = {Baader, Fabian and Boxberg, Marc S. and Chen, Qian and F{\"o}rstner, Roger and Kowalski, Julia and Dachwald, Bernd},
  title     = {Field-test performance of an ice-melting probe in a terrestrial analogue environment},
  series = {Icarus},
  journal   = {Icarus},
  number    = {409},
  publisher = {Elsevier},
  address   = {Amsterdam},
  doi       = {10.1016/j.icarus.2023.115852},
  pages     = {Artikel 115852},
  year      = {2023},
  abstract  = {Melting probes are a proven tool for the exploration of thick ice layers and clean sampling of subglacial water on Earth. Their compact size and ease of operation also make them a key technology for the future exploration of icy moons in our Solar System, most prominently Europa and Enceladus. For both mission planning and hardware engineering, metrics such as efficiency and expected performance in terms of achievable speed, power requirements, and necessary heating power have to be known. Theoretical studies aim at describing thermal losses on the one hand, while laboratory experiments and field tests allow an empirical investigation of the true performance on the other hand. To investigate the practical value of a performance model for the operational performance in extraterrestrial environments, we first contrast measured data from terrestrial field tests on temperate and polythermal glaciers with results from basic heat loss models and a melt trajectory model. For this purpose, we propose conventions for the determination of two different efficiencies that can be applied to both measured data and models. One definition of efficiency is related to the melting head only, while the other definition considers the melting probe as a whole. We also present methods to combine several sources of heat loss for probes with a circular cross-section, and to translate the geometry of probes with a non-circular cross-section to analyse them in the same way. The models were selected in a way that minimizes the need to make assumptions about unknown parameters of the probe or the ice environment. The results indicate that currently used models do not yet reliably reproduce the performance of a probe under realistic conditions. Melting velocities and efficiencies are constantly overestimated by 15 to 50 \% in the models, but qualitatively agree with the field test data. Hence, losses are observed, that are not yet covered and quantified by the available loss models. We find that the deviation increases with decreasing ice temperature. We suspect that this mismatch is mainly due to the too restrictive idealization of the probe model and the fact that the probe was not operated in an efficiency-optimized manner during the field tests. With respect to space mission engineering, we find that performance and efficiency models must be used with caution in unknown ice environments, as various ice parameters have a significant effect on the melting process. Some of these are difficult to estimate from afar.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{RoethKernKirchneretal.2009,
  author    = {R{\"o}th, Thilo and Kern, Daniel and Kirchner, Karsten and Vietor, Thomas},
  title     = {Flexbody : Baukastensystem f{\"u}r Karosseriestrukturen / Kern, Daniel ; R{\"o}th, Thilo ; Kirchner, Karsten ; Vietor, Thomas},
  series = {Mobiles : Fachzeitschrift f{\"u}r Konstrukteure. 35 (2009), H. 2009/2010},
  journal   = {Mobiles : Fachzeitschrift f{\"u}r Konstrukteure. 35 (2009), H. 2009/2010},
  publisher = {Hochsch. f{\"u}r Angewandte Wiss.},
  address   = {Hamburg},
  pages     = {73 -- 75},
  year      = {2009},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{FunkeBeckmann2022,
  author    = {Funke, Harald and Beckmann, Nils},
  title     = {Flexible fuel operation of a Dry-Low-NOx Micromix Combustor with Variable Hydrogen Methane Mixture},
  series = {International Journal of Gas Turbine, Propulsion and Power Systems},
  volume    = {13},
  journal   = {International Journal of Gas Turbine, Propulsion and Power Systems},
  number    = {2},
  issn      = {1882-5079},
  pages     = {1 -- 7},
  year      = {2022},
  abstract  = {The role of hydrogen (H2) as a carbon-free energy carrier is discussed since decades for reducing greenhouse gas emissions. As bridge technology towards a hydrogen-based energy supply, fuel mixtures of natural gas or methane (CH4) and hydrogen are possible. The paper presents the first test results of a low-emission Micromix combustor designed for flexible-fuel operation with variable H2/CH4 mixtures. The numerical and experimental approach for considering variable fuel mixtures instead of recently investigated pure hydrogen is described. In the experimental studies, a first generation FuelFlex Micromix combustor geometry is tested at atmospheric pressure at gas turbine operating conditions corresponding to part- and full-load. The H2/CH4 fuel mixture composition is varied between 57 and 100 vol.\% hydrogen content. Despite the challenges flexible-fuel operation poses onto the design of a combustion system, the evaluated FuelFlex Micromix prototype shows a significant low NOx performance},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{FunkeBeckmann2019,
  author    = {Funke, Harald and Beckmann, Nils},
  title     = {Flexible Fuel Operation of a Dry-Low-Nox Micromix Combustor with Variable Hydrogen Methane Mixtures},
  series = {Proceedings of International Gas Turbine Congress 2019 Tokyo, November 17-22, 2019, Tokyo, Japan},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of International Gas Turbine Congress 2019 Tokyo, November 17-22, 2019, Tokyo, Japan},
  isbn      = {978-4-89111-010-9},
  year      = {2019},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{SchmitzBartzHansen1991,
  author    = {Schmitz, G{\"u}nter and Bartz, R. and Hansen, W.},
  title     = {Flexibles elektronisches Verbrennungsmotoren-Indiziersystem (FEVIS)},
  series = {Vortr{\"a}ge und Kurzreferate : 13. und 14. November 1990, Congress Centrum, Magdeburg / Technische Universit{\"a}t "Otto von Guericke" Magdeburg, Fakult{\"a}t f{\"u}r Thermischen Maschinenbau, Institut f{\"u}r Maschinenmeßtechnik, Kolbenmaschinen und Instandhaltung},
  journal   = {Vortr{\"a}ge und Kurzreferate : 13. und 14. November 1990, Congress Centrum, Magdeburg / Technische Universit{\"a}t "Otto von Guericke" Magdeburg, Fakult{\"a}t f{\"u}r Thermischen Maschinenbau, Institut f{\"u}r Maschinenmeßtechnik, Kolbenmaschinen und Instandhaltung},
  address   = {Magdeburg},
  pages     = {485 -- 491},
  year      = {1991},
  language  = {de}
}
@incollection{HebelHerrmannRitzetal.2022,
  author    = {Hebel, Christoph and Herrmann, Ulf and Ritz, Thomas and R{\"o}th, Thilo and Anthrakidis, Anette and B{\"o}ker, J{\"o}rg and Franzke, Till and Grodzki, Thomas and Merkens, Torsten and Sch{\"o}ttler, Mirjam},
  title     = {FlexSHARE - Methodisches Framework zur innovativen Gestaltung der urbanen Mobilit{\"a}t durch Sharing- Angebote},
  series = {Transforming Mobility - What Next?},
  booktitle = {Transforming Mobility - What Next?},
  publisher = {Springer Gabler},
  address   = {Wiesbaden},
  isbn      = {978-3-658-36429-8},
  doi       = {10.1007/978-3-658-36430-4_10},
  pages     = {153 -- 169},
  year      = {2022},
  abstract  = {Das Ziel des INTERREG-Projektes „SHAREuregio" (FKZ: 34.EFRE-0300134) ist es, grenz{\"u}berschreitende Mobilit{\"a}t in der Euregio Rhein-Maas-Nord zu erm{\"o}glichen und zu f{\"o}rdern. Dazu soll ein elektromobiles Car- und Bikesharing- System entwickelt und in der Stadt M{\"o}nchengladbach, im Kreis Viersen sowie in den Gemeinden Roermond und Venlo (beide NL) zusammen mit den Partnern Wirtschaftsf{\"o}rderung M{\"o}nchengladbach, Wirtschaftsf{\"o}rderung f{\"u}r den Kreis Viersen, NEW AG, Goodmoovs (NL), Greenflux (NL) und der FH Aachen implementiert werden. Zun{\"a}chst richtet sich das Angebot, bestehend aus 40 Elektroautos und 40 Elektrofahrr{\"a}dern, an Unternehmen und wird nach einer Erprobungsphase, mit einer gr{\"o}ßeren Anzahl an Fahrzeugen, auch f{\"u}r Privatpersonen verf{\"u}gbar gemacht werden. Die Fahrzeuge stehen bei den jeweiligen Anwendungspartnern in Deutschland und den Niederlanden. Im Rahmen dieses Projektes hat die FH Aachen „FlexSHARE" entwickelt - ein methodisches Framework zur innovativen Gestaltung urbaner Sharing- Angebote. Das Framework erm{\"o}glicht es, anhand von messbaren Kenngr{\"o}ßen, bedarfsgerechte und auf die Region abgestimmte Sharing-Systeme zu entwickeln.},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{DachwaldSchmidtSeboldtetal.2003,
  author    = {Dachwald, Bernd and Schmidt, Tanja D. and Seboldt, Wolfgang and Auweter-Kurtz,},
  title     = {Flight Opportunities from Mars to Earth for Piloted Missions Using Continuous Thrust Propulsion / Schmidt, Tanja D. ; Dachwald, Bernd ; Seboldt, Wolfgang ; Auweter-Kurtz, Monika},
  publisher = {-},
  pages     = {1 -- 9},
  year      = {2003},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{ScholzLeyDachwaldetal.2010,
  author    = {Scholz, A. and Ley, Wilfried and Dachwald, Bernd and Miau, J. J. and Juang, J. C.},
  title     = {Flight results of the COMPASS-1 picosatellite mission},
  series = {Acta Astronautica. 67 (2010), H. 9-10},
  journal   = {Acta Astronautica. 67 (2010), H. 9-10},
  isbn      = {0094-5765},
  pages     = {1289 -- 1298},
  year      = {2010},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{SchildtBraunMarcocca2017,
  author    = {Schildt, P. and Braun, Carsten and Marcocca, P.},
  title     = {Flight testing the extra 330LE flying testbed},
  series = {48th Annual International Symposium of the Society of Flight Test Engineers 2017},
  booktitle = {48th Annual International Symposium of the Society of Flight Test Engineers 2017},
  isbn      = {978-151085387-4},
  pages     = {349 -- 362},
  year      = {2017},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{OhndorfDachwaldSeboldtetal.2011,
  author    = {Ohndorf, Andreas and Dachwald, Bernd and Seboldt, Wolfgang and Schartner, Karl-Heinz},
  title     = {Flight times to the heliopause using a combination of solar and radioisotope electric propulsion},
  series = {32nd International Electric Propulsion Conference},
  booktitle = {32nd International Electric Propulsion Conference},
  pages     = {1 -- 12},
  year      = {2011},
  abstract  = {We investigate the interplanetary flight of a low-thrust space probe to the heliopause,located at a distance of about 200 AU from the Sun. Our goal was to reach this distance within the 25 years postulated by ESA for such a mission (which is less ambitious than the 15-year goal set by NASA). Contrary to solar sail concepts and combinations of allistic and electrically propelled flight legs, we have investigated whether the set flight time limit could also be kept with a combination of solar-electric propulsion and a second, RTG-powered upper stage. The used ion engine type was the RIT-22 for the first stage and the RIT-10 for the second stage. Trajectory optimization was carried out with the low-thrust optimization program InTrance, which implements the method of Evolutionary Neurocontrol,using Artificial Neural Networks for spacecraft steering and Evolutionary Algorithms to optimize the Neural Networks' parameter set. Based on a parameter space study, in which the number of thrust units, the unit's specific impulse, and the relative size of the solar power generator were varied, we have chosen one configuration as reference. The transfer time of this reference configuration was 29.6 years and the fastest one, which is technically more challenging, still required 28.3 years. As all flight times of this parameter study were longer than 25 years, we further shortened the transfer time by applying a launcher-provided hyperbolic excess energy up to 49 km2/s2. The resulting minimal flight time for the reference configuration was then 27.8 years. The following, more precise optimization to a launch with the European Ariane 5 ECA rocket reduced the transfer time to 27.5 years. This is the fastest mission design of our study that is flexible enough to allow a launch every year. The inclusion of a fly-by at Jupiter finally resulted in a flight time of 23.8 years,which is below the set transfer-time limit. However, compared to the 27.5-year transfer,this mission design has a significantly reduced launch window and mission flexibility if the escape direction is restricted to the heliosphere's "nose".},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{GrundmannBauerBodenetal.2019,
  author    = {Grundmann, Jan Thimo and Bauer, Waldemar and Boden, Ralf and Ceriotti, Matteo and Chand, Suditi and Cordero, Federico and Dachwald, Bernd and Dumont, Etienne and Grimm, Christian D. and Heiligers, Jeannette and Herč{\´i}k, David and H{\´e}rique, Alain and Ho, Tra-Mi and Jahnke, Rico and Kofman, Wlodek and Lange, Caroline and Lichtenheldt, Roy and McInnes, Colin and Meß, Jan-Gerd and Mikschl, Tobias and Mikulz, Eugen and Montenegro, Sergio and Moore, Iain and Pelivan, Ivanka and Peloni, Alessandro and Plettemeier, Dirk and Quantius, Dominik and Reershemius, Siebo and Renger, Thomas and Riemann, Johannes and Rogez, Yves and Ruffer, Michael and Sasaki, Kaname and Schmitz, Nicole and Seboldt, Wolfgang and Seefeldt, Patric and Spietz, Peter and Spr{\"o}witz, Tom and Sznajder, Maciej and T{\´o}th, Norbert and Vergaaij, Merel and Viavattene, Giulia and Wejmo, Elisabet and Wiedemann, Carsten and Wolff, Friederike and Ziach, Christian},
  title     = {Flights are ten a sail - Re-use and commonality in the design and system engineering of small spacecraft solar sail missions with modular hardware for responsive and adaptive exploration},
  series = {70th International Astronautical Congress (IAC)},
  booktitle = {70th International Astronautical Congress (IAC)},
  isbn      = {9781713814856},
  pages     = {1 -- 7},
  year      = {2019},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{GerhardtKramerJanssen1985,
  author    = {Gerhardt, Hans Joachim and Kramer, C. and Janssen, L.-J.},
  title     = {Flow studies of an open jet wind tunnel and comparison with closed and slotted walls},
  pages     = {7 -- 28},
  year      = {1985},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{MertensVeldenKelm2006,
  author    = {Mertens, Josef and Velden, Alexander van der and Kelm, Roland},
  title     = {Flugzeug mit Fl{\"u}geln, deren maximaler Auftrieb durch steuerbare Fl{\"u}gelkomponenten ver{\"a}nderbar ist : Offenlegungsschrift DE102004045732 ; Offenlegungstag: 30.03.2006 = Aircraft with wings whose maximum lift can be altered by controllable wing components},
  publisher = {Deutsches Patent- und Markenamt},
  address   = {M{\"u}nchen},
  pages     = {6 S. : Ill.},
  year      = {2006},
  language  = {de}
}
@inproceedings{OlaruKowalskiSethietal.2011,
  author    = {Olaru, Alexandra Maria and Kowalski, Julia and Sethi, Vaishali and Bl{\"u}mich, Bernhard},
  title     = {Fluid Transport in Porous Media probed by Relaxation-Exchange NMR},
  series = {2011 Fall Meeting, AGU, San Francisco, Calif., 5-9 Dec.},
  booktitle = {2011 Fall Meeting, AGU, San Francisco, Calif., 5-9 Dec.},
  year      = {2011},
  language  = {en}
}
@incollection{BarnatJaensch2019,
  author    = {Barnat, Miriam and J{\"a}nsch, Vanessa K.},
  title     = {Forschendes Lernen und Studienerfolg: Die Bedeutung epistemischer Neugier},
  series = {Forschendes Lernen in der Studieneingangsphase: Empirische Befunde, Fallbeispiele und individuelle Perspektiven},
  booktitle = {Forschendes Lernen in der Studieneingangsphase: Empirische Befunde, Fallbeispiele und individuelle Perspektiven},
  publisher = {Springer VS},
  address   = {Wiesbaden},
  isbn      = {978-3-658-25312-7},
  doi       = {10.1007/978-3-658-25312-7_6},
  pages     = {99 -- 109},
  year      = {2019},
  abstract  = {Forschendes Lernen ist dazu geeignet, epistemische Neugier - definiert als Freude an neuen Erkenntnissen - anzuregen und zu befriedigen. Neben der Selbstwirksamkeit zeigt sich die Neugier als relevant f{\"u}r den Studienerfolg. Allerdings ist bisher nicht gekl{\"a}rt, in welcher Beziehung diese beiden Konstrukte zueinanderstehen.},
  language  = {de}
}
@inproceedings{BarnatMergner2017,
  author    = {Barnat, Miriam and Mergner, Julia},
  title     = {Forschungsbasierte Qualit{\"a}tsentwicklung am Beispiel der Analyse von Lernprozessen und der Wirksamkeit von F{\"o}rderprogrammen},
  series = {3. Internationale Tagung f{\"u}r Qualit{\"a}tsmanagement und Qualit{\"a}tsentwicklung im Hochschulbereich 2.-3. Februar 2017},
  booktitle = {3. Internationale Tagung f{\"u}r Qualit{\"a}tsmanagement und Qualit{\"a}tsentwicklung im Hochschulbereich 2.-3. Februar 2017},
  pages     = {28 Seiten},
  year      = {2017},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{HammerQuitterMayntzetal.2023,
  author    = {Hammer, Thorben and Quitter, Julius and Mayntz, Joscha and Bauschat, J.-Michael and Dahmann, Peter and G{\"o}tten, Falk and Hille, S. and Stumpf, E.},
  title     = {Free fall drag estimation of small-scale multirotor unmanned aircraft systems using computational fluid dynamics and wind tunnel experiments},
  series = {CEAS Aeronautical Journal},
  journal   = {CEAS Aeronautical Journal},
  publisher = {Springer},
  address   = {Wien},
  issn      = {1869-5590 (Online)},
  doi       = {10.1007/s13272-023-00702-w},
  pages     = {14 Seiten},
  year      = {2023},
  abstract  = {New European Union (EU) regulations for UAS operations require an operational risk analysis, which includes an estimation of the potential danger of the UAS crashing. A key parameter for the potential ground risk is the kinetic impact energy of the UAS. The kinetic energy depends on the impact velocity of the UAS and, therefore, on the aerodynamic drag and the weight during free fall. Hence, estimating the impact energy of a UAS requires an accurate drag estimation of the UAS in that state. The paper at hand presents the aerodynamic drag estimation of small-scale multirotor UAS. Multirotor UAS of various sizes and configurations were analysed with a fully unsteady Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes approach. These simulations included different velocities and various fuselage pitch angles of the UAS. The results were compared against force measurements performed in a subsonic wind tunnel and provided good consistency. Furthermore, the influence of the UAS`s fuselage pitch angle as well as the influence of fixed and free spinning propellers on the aerodynamic drag was analysed. Free spinning propellers may increase the drag by up to 110\%, depending on the fuselage pitch angle. Increasing the fuselage pitch angle of the UAS lowers the drag by 40\% up to 85\%, depending on the UAS. The data presented in this paper allow for increased accuracy of ground risk assessments.},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{GrundmannBauerBieleetal.2015,
  author    = {Grundmann, Jan Thimo and Bauer, Waldemar and Biele, Jens and Cordero, Frederico and Dachwald, Bernd and Koncz, Alexander and Krause, Christian and Mikschl, Tobias and Montenegro, Sergio and Quantius, Dominik and Ruffer, Michael and Sasaki, Kaname and Schmitz, Nicole and Seefeldt, Patric and T{\´o}th, Norbert and Wejmo, Elisabet},
  title     = {From Sail to Soil - Getting Sailcraft Out of the Harbour on a Visit to One of Earth's Nearest Neighbours},
  series = {4th IAA Planetary Denfense Conference - PDC 2015, 13-17 April 2015, Frascati, Roma, Italy},
  booktitle = {4th IAA Planetary Denfense Conference - PDC 2015, 13-17 April 2015, Frascati, Roma, Italy},
  pages     = {20 S.},
  year      = {2015},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{GoettenFingerHavermannetal.2021,
  author    = {G{\"o}tten, Falk and Finger, Felix and Havermann, Marc and Braun, Carsten and Marino, M. and Bil, C.},
  title     = {Full configuration drag estimation of short-to-medium range fixed-wing UAVs and its impact on initial sizing optimization},
  series = {CEAS Aeronautical Journal},
  volume    = {12},
  journal   = {CEAS Aeronautical Journal},
  publisher = {Springer},
  address   = {Berlin},
  issn      = {1869-5590 (Online)},
  doi       = {10.1007/s13272-021-00522-w},
  pages     = {589 -- 603},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {The paper presents the derivation of a new equivalent skin friction coefficient for estimating the parasitic drag of short-to-medium range fixed-wing unmanned aircraft. The new coefficient is derived from an aerodynamic analysis of ten different unmanned aircraft used for surveillance, reconnaissance, and search and rescue missions. The aircraft is simulated using a validated unsteady Reynolds-averaged Navier Stokes approach. The UAV's parasitic drag is significantly influenced by the presence of miscellaneous components like fixed landing gears or electro-optical sensor turrets. These components are responsible for almost half of an unmanned aircraft's total parasitic drag. The new equivalent skin friction coefficient accounts for these effects and is significantly higher compared to other aircraft categories. It is used to initially size an unmanned aircraft for a typical reconnaissance mission. The improved parasitic drag estimation yields a much heavier unmanned aircraft when compared to the sizing results using available drag data of manned aircraft.},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{GoettenFingerHavermannetal.2020,
  author    = {G{\"o}tten, Falk and Finger, Felix and Havermann, Marc and Braun, Carsten and Marino, Matthew and Bil, Cees},
  title     = {Full Configuration Drag Estimation of Small-to-Medium Range UAVs and its Impact on Initial Sizing Optimization},
  series = {Deutscher Luft- und Raumfahrtkongress - DLRK 2020},
  booktitle = {Deutscher Luft- und Raumfahrtkongress - DLRK 2020},
  year      = {2020},
  language  = {en}
}