TY  - JOUR
A1  - Garhofer, Gerhard
A1  - Bek, Toke
A1  - Boehm, Andreas G.
A1  - Gherghel, Doina
A1  - Grundwald, Juan
A1  - Jeppesen, Peter
A1  - Kergoat, Hélène
A1  - Kotliar, Konstantin
A1  - Lanzl, Ines
A1  - Lovasik, John V.
A1  - Nagel, Edgar
A1  - Vilser, Walthard
A1  - Orgul, Selim
A1  - Schmetterer, Leopold
T1  - Use of the retinal vessel analyzer in ocular blood flow research
JF  - Acta Ophthalmol
N2  - The present article describes a standard instrument for the continuous online determination of retinal vessel diameters, the commercially available retinal vessel analyzer. This report is intended to provide informed guidelines for measuring ocular blood flow with this system. The report describes the principles underlying the method and the instruments currently available, and discusses clinical protocol and the specific parameters measured by the system. Unresolved questions and the possible limitations of the technique are also discussed.
Y1  - 2010
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1755-3768.2009.01587.x
SN  - 1755-3768
VL  - 88
IS  - 7
SP  - 717
EP  - 722
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
CY  - Oxford
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Pressler, Axel
A1  - Esefeld, Katrin
A1  - Scherr, Johannes
A1  - Ali, Mohammad
A1  - Hanssen, Henner
A1  - Kotliar, Konstantin
A1  - Lanzl, Ines
A1  - Halle, Martin
A1  - Kaemmerer, Harald
A1  - Schmidt-Trucksäss, Arno
A1  - Hager, Alfred
T1  - Structural alterations of retinal arterioles in adults late after repair of aortic isthmic coarctation
JF  - The American Journal of Cardiology
N2  - Patients after coarctation repair still have an increased risk of cardiovascular or cerebrovascular events. This has been explained by the persisting hypertension and alterations in the peripheral vessels. However, involvement of the central vessels such as the retinal arteries is virtually unknown. A total of 34 patients after coarctation repair (22 men and 12 women; 23 to 58 years old, age range 0 to 32 years at surgical repair) and 34 nonhypertensive controls underwent structural and functional retinal vessel analysis. Using structural analysis, the vessel diameters were measured. Using functional analysis, the endothelium-dependent vessel dilation in response to flicker light stimulation was assessed. In the patients after coarctation repair, the retinal arteriolar diameter was significantly reduced compared to that of the controls (median 182 μm, first to third quartile 171 to 197; vs 197 μm, first to third quartile 193 to 206; p <0.001). These findings were independent of the peripheral blood pressure and age at intervention. No differences were found for venules. The functional analysis findings were not different between the patients and controls (maximum dilation 3.5%, first to third quartile 2.1% to 4.5% vs 3.6%, first to third quartile 2.2% to 4.3%; p = 0.81), indicating preserved autoregulative mechanisms. In conclusion, the retinal artery diameter is reduced in patients after coarctation repair, independent of their current blood pressure level and age at intervention. As a structural marker of chronic vessel damage associated with past, current, or future hypertension, retinal arteriolar narrowing has been linked to stroke incidence. These results indicate an involvement of cerebral microcirculation in aortic coarctation, despite timely repair, and might contribute to explain the increased rate of cerebrovascular events in such patients.
Y1  - 2010
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.amjcard.2009.10.070
SN  - 0002-9149
VL  - 105
IS  - 5
SP  - 740
EP  - 744
PB  - Elsevier
CY  - Amsterdam
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Kotliar, Konstantin
A1  - Nagel, Edgar
A1  - Vilser, Walthard
A1  - Seidova, Seid-Fatima
A1  - Lanzl, Ines
T1  - Microstructural alterations of retinal arterial blood column along the vessel axis in systemic hypertension
JF  - Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science, IOVS
N2  - Purpose: Image analysis by the retinal vessel analyzer (RVA) observes retinal vessels in their dynamic state online noninvasively along a chosen vessel segment. It has been found that high-frequency diameter changes in the retinal artery blood column along the vessel increase significantly in anamnestically healthy volunteers with increasing age and in patients with glaucoma during vascular dilation. This study was undertaken to investigate whether longitudinal sections of the retinal artery blood column are altered in systemic hypertension.

Methods: Retinal arteries of 15 untreated patients with essential arterial hypertension (age, 50.9 ± 11.9 years) and of 15 age-matched anamnestically healthy volunteers were examined by RVA. After baseline assessment, a monochromatic luminance flicker (530–600 nm; 12.5 Hz; 20 s) was applied to evoke retinal vasodilation. Differences in amplitude and frequency of spatial artery blood column diameter change along segments (longitudinal arterial profiles) of 1 mm in length were measured and analyzed using Fourier transformation.

Results: In the control group, average reduced power spectra (ARPS) of longitudinal arterial profiles did not differ when arteries changed from constriction to dilation. In the systemic hypertension group, ARPS during constriction, baseline, and restoration were identical and differed from ARPS during dilation (P < 0.05). Longitudinal arterial profiles in both groups showed significant dissimilitude at baseline and restoration (P < 0.05).

Conclusions: The retinal artery blood column demonstrates microstructural alterations in systemic hypertension and is less irregular along the vessel axis during vessel dilation. These microstructural changes may be an indication of alterations in vessel wall rigidity, vascular endothelial function, and smooth muscle cells in this disease, leading to impaired perfusion and regulation.
Y1  - 2010
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1167/iovs.09-3649
SN  - 0146-0404
VL  - 51
IS  - 4
SP  - 2165
EP  - 2172
PB  - ARVO
CY  - Rockville, Md.
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Dachwald, Bernd
A1  - Ohndorf, A.
A1  - Gill, E.
T1  - Optimization of low-thrust Earth-Moon transfers using evolutionary neurocontrol  / Ohndorf, A. ; Dachwald, B. ; Gill, E.
JF  - IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation, 2009. CEC '09.
Y1  - 2009
SN  - 978-1-4244-2958-5
SP  - 358
EP  - 364
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Tran, Thanh Ngoc
A1  - Kreißig, R.
A1  - Staat, Manfred
T1  - Probabilistic limit and shakedown analysis of thin plates and shells
JF  - Structural safety. 31 (2009), H. 1
Y1  - 2009
SN  - 0167-4730
SP  - 1
EP  - 18
PB  - -
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Tran, Thanh Ngoc
A1  - Pham, Phu Tinh
A1  - Vu, D. K.
A1  - Staat, Manfred
T1  - Reliability Analysis of Inelastic Shell Structures Under Variable Loads
JF  - Limit States of Materials and Structures : Direct Methods / Hrsg. Dieter Weichert; Hrsg. Alan Ponter
Y1  - 2009
SN  - 978-1-4020-9633-4
SP  - 135
EP  - 156
PB  - Springer Netherland
CY  - Berlin
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Artmann, Gerhard
A1  - Digel, Ilya
A1  - Zerlin, Kay
A1  - Maggakis-Kelemen, Christina
A1  - Linder, Peter
A1  - Porst, Dariusz
A1  - Kayser, Peter
A1  - Stadler, David
A1  - Dikta, Gerhard
A1  - Temiz Artmann, Aysegül
T1  - Hemoglobin senses body temperature
JF  - European Biophysics Journal
Y1  - 2009
SN  - 0175-7571
VL  - 38
IS  - 5
SP  - 589
EP  - 600
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Sadykov, Rustam
A1  - Digel, Ilya
A1  - Temiz Artmann, Aysegül
A1  - Porst, Dariusz
A1  - Linder, Peter
A1  - Kayser, Peter
A1  - Artmann, Gerhard
A1  - Savitskaya, Irina
A1  - Zhubanova, Azhar
T1  - Oral lead exposure induces dysbacteriosis in rats
JF  - Journal of Occupational Health. 51 (2009) (2009), H. 1
Y1  - 2009
SN  - 1348-9585
SP  - 64
EP  - 73
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Demirci, Taylan
A1  - Kurulgan Demirci, Eylem
A1  - Trzewik, Jürgen
A1  - Linder, Peter
A1  - Digel, Ilya
A1  - Artmann, Gerhard
A1  - Sakizli, Meral
A1  - Temiz Artmann, Aysegül
T1  - Gene expression profile analysis of 3T3/NIH fibroblasts after one hour mechanical stress
JF  - IUBMB Life. 61 (2009), H. 3
Y1  - 2009
SN  - 1521-6543
N1  - Abstracts: Turkish Society of Molecular Medicine, Third International Congress of Molecular Medicine, May 5-8, 2009, Istanbul, Turkey
SP  - 311
EP  - 312
PB  - Wiley-VCH
CY  - Weinheim
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Dachwald, Bernd
A1  - Carnelli, Ian
A1  - Vasile, Massimiliano
T1  - Evolutionary Neurocontrol: A Novel Method for Low-Thrust Gravity-Assist Trajectory Optimization / Carnelli, Ian ; Dachwald, Bernd ; Vasile, Massimiliano
JF  - Journal of guidance control and dynamics. 32 (2009), H. 2
Y1  - 2009
SN  - 0731-5090
SP  - 616
EP  - 625
PB  - AIAA
CY  - Reston, Va.
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Dachwald, Bernd
A1  - Ball, Andrew J.
A1  - Ulamec, Stephan
A1  - Price, Michael E.
T1  - A small mission for in situ exploration of a primitive binary near-Earth asteroid  / Ball, Andrew J. ; Ulamec, Stephan ; Dachwald, Bernd ; Price, Michael E. ; [u.a.]
JF  - Advances in Space Research. 43 (2009), H. 2
Y1  - 2009
SN  - 0273-1177
SP  - 317
EP  - 324
PB  - Elsevier
CY  - Amsterdam
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Amin, Rashid
A1  - Temiz Artmann, Aysegül
A1  - Artmann, Gerhard
A1  - Lazarovici, Philip
A1  - Lelkes, Peter I.
T1  - Permeability of an In Vitro Model of Blood Brain Barrier (BBB)
JF  - 13th International Conference on Biomedical Engineering / Lim, Chwee Teck [Ed.]
Y1  - 2009
SN  - 978-3-540-92841-6
N1  - IFMBE Proceedings ; 23, Track 1 ; ICBME 2008 3–6 December 2008 Singapore
SP  - 81
EP  - 84
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Behbahani, Mehdi
A1  - Behr, M.
A1  - Hormes, M.
A1  - Steinseifer, U.
A1  - Arora, D.
A1  - Coronado, O.
A1  - Pasquali, M.
T1  - A Review of Computational Fluid Dynamics Analysis of Blood Pumps
JF  - European Journal of Applied Mathematics. 20 (2009), H. 4
Y1  - 2009
SP  - 363
EP  - 397
PB  - Cambridge Univ. Press
CY  - Cambridge
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Behbahani, Mehdi
A1  - Finocchiaro, Thomas
A1  - Heinke, Stefanie
A1  - Leßmann, Marc
T1  - Methods of design, simulation, and control for the development of new VAD/TAH concepts = Methoden zur Konstruktion, Simulation und Regelung für die Entwicklung von neuen VAD/TAH-Konzepten / Finocchiaro, Thomas ; Heinke, Stefanie ; Behbahani, Mehdi ; Leßma
JF  - Biomedizinische Technik / Biomedical Engineering. 54 (2009), H. 5
Y1  - 2009
SN  - 0013-5585
N1  - Printausgabe in der Bereichsbibliothek Jülich vorhanden : 63 Z 471
SP  - 269
EP  - 281
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Steinseifer, Ulrich
A1  - Kashefi, Ali
A1  - Hormes, Marcus
A1  - Schoberer, Mark
A1  - Orlikowsky, Thorsten
A1  - Behbahani, Mehdi
A1  - Behr, Marek
A1  - Schmitz-Rode, Thomas
T1  - Miniaturization of ECMO Systems : Engineering Challenges and Methods
JF  - Artificial Organs. 33 (2009), H. 5
Y1  - 2009
SN  - 1525-1594
N1  - Fifth International Conference on Pediatric Mechanical Circulatory Support Systems and Pediatric Cardiopulmonary Perfusion Abstracts <May 28, 2009>
SP  - A55
EP  - A55
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Behbahani, Mehdi
A1  - Tran, L.
A1  - Waluga, C.
A1  - Behr, M.
A1  - Oedekoven, B.
A1  - Mottaghy, K.
T1  - Model-based Numerical Analysis of Platelet Adhesion, Thrombus Growth and Aggregation for Assist Devices
JF  - The International Journal of Artificial Organs. 32 (2009), H. 7
Y1  - 2009
SN  - 0391-3988
N1  - Abstracts - Oral Presentations: XXXVI Annual ESAO Congress, 2-5 September 2009, Compiègne - France; European Society of Artificial Organs (ESAO), Compiegne, France, September 2-5, 2009
SP  - 398
EP  - 398
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Behbahani, Mehdi
A1  - Waluga, C.
A1  - Stock, S.
A1  - Mai, A.
A1  - Bergmann, B.
A1  - Behr, M.
A1  - Tran, L.
A1  - Vonderstein, K.
A1  - Scheidt, H.
A1  - Oedekoven, B.
A1  - Mottaghy, K.
T1  - Modelling and Numerical Analysis of Platelet Reactions and Surface Thrombus Growth
Y1  - 2009
N1  - Posterpresentation ; European Society of Biomaterials (ESB), Lausanne, Switzerland, September 7-10, 2009
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Stadler, Andreas M.
A1  - Digel, Ilya
A1  - Embs, Jan P.
A1  - Unruh, Tobias
A1  - Tehei, M.
A1  - Zaccai, G.
A1  - Büldt, G.
A1  - Artmann, Gerhard
T1  - From powder to solution : Hydration dependence of human hemoglobin dynamics correlated to body temperature
JF  - Biophysical Journal. 96 (2009), H. 12
Y1  - 2009
SN  - 0006-3495
SP  - 5073
EP  - 5081
PB  - Cell Press
CY  - Cambridge, Mass.
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Baumann, Marcus
A1  - Schwarz, Sonja
A1  - Kotliar, Konstantin
A1  - Eynatten, Maximilian von
A1  - Trucksaess, Arno
A1  - Burckhardt, Klaus
A1  - Lutz, Jens
A1  - Heemann, Uwe
A1  - Lanzl, Ines
T1  - Non-diabetic chronic kidney disease influences retinal microvasculature
JF  - Kidney and Blood Pressure Research
Y1  - 2009
SN  - 1423-0143
VL  - 32
IS  - 6
SP  - 428
EP  - 433
PB  - -
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Burkhardt, Klaus
A1  - Schwarz, Sonja
A1  - Pan, Chengrui
A1  - Stelter, Felix
A1  - Kotliar, Konstantin
A1  - Eynatten, Maxilian von
A1  - Sollinger, Daniel
A1  - Lanzl, Ines
A1  - Heemann, Uwe
A1  - Baumann, Marcus
T1  - Myeloid-related protein 8/14 complex describes microcirculatory alterations in patients with type 2 diabetes and nephropathy
JF  - Cardiovascular Diabetology
Y1  - 2009
SN  - 1475-2840
VL  - 8
IS  - 10
SP  - 1
EP  - 8
PB  - -
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Kotliar, Konstantin
A1  - Kozlova, Tatiana V.
A1  - Lanzl, Ines M.
T1  - Postoperative aqueous outflow in the human eye after glaucoma filtration surgery: biofluidmechanical considerations
JF  - Biomedizinische Technik = Biomedical Engineering
Y1  - 2009
SN  - 1862-278X
VL  - 54
IS  - 1
SP  - 14
EP  - 22
PB  - -
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Seidova, Seid-Fatima
A1  - Kotliar, Konstantin
A1  - Foerger, Frauke
A1  - Klopfer, Matthias
A1  - Lanzl, Ines
T1  - Functional retinal changes in Gaucher disease
JF  - Documenta Ophthalmologica
Y1  - 2009
SN  - 1573-2622
VL  - 118
IS  - 2
SP  - 151
EP  - 154
PB  - Springer
CY  - Berlin
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Kurulgan Demirci, Eylem
A1  - Linder, Peter
A1  - Demirci, Taylan
A1  - Trzewik, Jürgen
A1  - Digel, Ilya
A1  - Artmann, Gerhard
A1  - Temiz Artmann, Aysegül
T1  - Contractile tension of endothelial cells: An LPS based in-vitro sepsis model
JF  - IUBMB Life. 61 (2009), H. 3
Y1  - 2009
SN  - 1521-6543
N1  - Abstracts: Turkish Society of Molecular Medicine, Third International Congress of Molecular Medicine, May 5-8, 2009, Istanbul, Turkey
SP  - 307
EP  - 308
PB  - Wiley
CY  - Weinheim
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Digel, Ilya
A1  - Dachwald, Bernd
A1  - Artmann, Gerhard
A1  - Linder, Peter
A1  - Funke, O.
T1  - A concept of a probe for particle analysis and life detection in icy environments
Y1  - 2009
N1  - International workshop “Europa lander: science goals and experiments”, Space Research Institute (IKI), Moscow, Russia
9-13 February 2009
SP  - 1
EP  - 24
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Kotliar, Konstantin
A1  - Kharoubi, A.
A1  - Schmidt-Trucksäß, A.
A1  - Halle, M.
A1  - Lanzl, I.
T1  - Does internal longitudinal microstructure of retinal veins change with age in medically healthy persons?
JF  - Acta Ophthalmologica
Y1  - 2009
SN  - 1600-0420 (E-Journal); 1755-3768 (E-Journal); 0001-639X (Print); 1395-3907 (Print); 1755-375X (Print)
VL  - Vol. 87
IS  - Suppl. S244
SP  - 0
PB  - Wiley
CY  - Weinheim
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Arampatzis, Adamantios
A1  - Karamanidis, Kiros
A1  - Mademli, Lida
A1  - Albracht, Kirsten
T1  - Plasticity of the human tendon to short and long-term mechanical loading
JF  - Exercise and Sport Sciences Reviews
Y1  - 2009
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/JES.0b013e31819c2e1d
SN  - 1538-3008
VL  - 37
IS  - 2
SP  - 66
EP  - 72
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Gehler, M.
A1  - Ober-Blöbaum, S.
A1  - Dachwald, Bernd
T1  - Application of discrete mechanics and optimal control to spacecraft in non-keplerian motion around small solar system bodies
T2  - Procceedings of the 60th International Astronautical Congress
N2  - Prolonged operations close to small solar system bodies require a sophisticated control logic to minimize propellant mass and maximize operational efficiency. A control logic based on Discrete Mechanics and Optimal Control (DMOC) is proposed and applied to both conventionally propelled and solar sail spacecraft operating at an arbitrarily shaped asteroid in the class of Itokawa. As an example, stand-off inertial hovering is considered, recently identified as a challenging part of the Marco Polo mission. The approach is easily extended to stand-off orbits. We show that DMOC is applicable to spacecraft control at small objects, in particular with regard to the fact that the changes in gravity are exploited by the algorithm to optimally control the spacecraft position. Furthermore, we provide some remarks on promising developments.
KW  - Spacecraft
Y1  - 2009
SN  - 978-161567908-9
N1  - 60th International Astronautical Congress 2009, IAC 2009; Daejeon; South Korea; 12 October 2009 through 16 October 2009
SP  - 1360
EP  - 1371
PB  - Elsevier
CY  - Amsterdam
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Dachwald, Bernd
A1  - Wurm, P.
T1  - Design concept and modeling of an advanced solar photon thruster
T2  - Advances in the Astronautical Sciences
N2  - The so-called "compound solar sail", also known as "Solar Photon Thruster" (SPT), holds the potential of providing significant performance advantages over the flat solar sail. Previous SPT design concepts, however, do not consider shadowing effects and multiple reflections of highly concentrated solar radiation that would inevitably destroy the gossamer sail film. In this paper, we propose a novel advanced SPT (ASPT) design concept that does not suffer from these oversimplifications. We present the equations that describe the thrust force acting on such a sail system and compare its performance with respect to the conventional flat solar sail.
KW  - solar sails
Y1  - 2009
SN  - 978-087703554-1
SN  - 00653438
N1  - 19th AAS/AIAA Space Flight Mechanics Meeting; Savannah, GA; United States; 8 February 2009 through 12 February 2009
SP  - 723
EP  - 740
PB  - American Astronautical Society
CY  - San Diego, Calif.
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Dachwald, Bernd
A1  - Wurm, P.
T1  - Mission analysis for an advanced solar photon thruster
T2  - 60th International Astronautical Congress 2009, IAC 2009
N2  - The so-called "compound solar sail", also known as "Solar Photon Thruster" (SPT), is a solar sail design concept, for which the two basic functions of the solar sail, namely light collection and thrust direction, are uncoupled. In this paper, we introduce a novel SPT concept, termed the Advanced Solar Photon Thruster (ASPT). This model does not suffer from the simplified assumptions that have been made for the analysis of compound solar sails in previous studies. We present the equations that describe the force, which acts on the ASPT. After a detailed design analysis, the performance of the ASPT with respect to the conventional flat solar sail (FSS) is investigated for three interplanetary mission scenarios: An Earth-Venus rendezvous, where the solar sail has to spiral towards the Sun, an Earth-Mars rendezvous, where the solar sail has to spiral away from the Sun, and an Earth-NEA rendezvous (to near-Earth asteroid 1996FG3), where a large orbital eccentricity change is required. The investigated solar sails have realistic near-term characteristic accelerations between 0.1 and 0.2mm/s2. Our results show that a SPT is not superior to the flat solar sail unless very idealistic assumptions are made.
KW  - Interplanetary flight
Y1  - 2009
SN  - 978-161567908-9
N1  - 60th International Astronautical Congress 2009, IAC 2009; Daejeon; South Korea; 12 October 2009 through 16 October 2009
VL  - Vol. 8
SP  - 6838
EP  - 6851
PB  - Elsevier
CY  - Amsterdam
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Schartner, Karl-Heinz
A1  - Loeb, H. W.
A1  - Dachwald, Bernd
A1  - Ohndorf, Andreas
T1  - Perspectives of electric propulsion for outer planetary and deep space missions
T2  - European Planetary Science Congress 2009
N2  - Solar-electric propulsion (SEP) is superior with
respect to payload capacity, flight time and
flexible launch window to the conventional
interplanetary transfer method using chemical
propulsion combined with gravity assists. This fact
results from the large exhaust velocities of electric
low–thrust propulsion and is favourable also for
missions to the giant planets, Kuiper-belt objects
and even for a heliopause probe (IHP) as shown in
three studies by the authors funded by DLR. They
dealt with a lander for Europa and a sample return
mission from a mainbelt asteroid [1], with the
TANDEM mission [2]; the third recent one
investigates electric propulsion for the transfer to
the edge of the solar system.
All studies are based on triple-junction solar arrays,
on rf-ion thrusters of the qualified RIT-22 type and
they use the intelligent trajectory optimization
program InTrance [3].
Y1  - 2009
N1  - European Planetary Science Congress 2009, 13-18 September, Potsdam, Germany
SP  - 416
EP  - 416
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Spurmann, Jörn
A1  - Ohndorf, Andreas
A1  - Dachwald, Bernd
A1  - Seboldt, Wolfgang
A1  - Löb, Horst
A1  - Schartner, Karl-Heinz
T1  - Interplanetary trajectory optimization for a sep mission to Saturn
T2  - 60th International Astronautical Congress 2009
N2  - The recently proposed NASA and ESA missions to Saturn and Jupiter pose difficult tasks to mission designers because chemical propulsion scenarios are not capable of transferring heavy spacecraft into the outer solar system without the use of gravity assists. Thus our developed mission scenario based on the joint NASA/ESA Titan Saturn System Mission baselines solar electric propulsion to improve mission flexibility and transfer time. For the calculation of near-globally optimal low-thrust trajectories, we have used a method called Evolutionary Neurocontrol, which is implemented in the low-thrust trajectory optimization software InTrance. The studied solar electric propulsion scenario covers trajectory optimization of the interplanetary transfer including variations of the spacecraft's thrust level, the thrust unit's specific impulse and the solar power generator power level. Additionally developed software extensions enabled trajectory optimization with launcher-provided hyperbolic excess energy, a complex solar power generator model and a variable specific impulse ion engine model. For the investigated mission scenario, Evolutionary Neurocontrol yields good optimization results, which also hold valid for the more elaborate spacecraft models. Compared to Cassini/Huygens, the best found solutions have faster transfer times and a higher mission flexibility in general.
KW  - Spacecraft
KW  - Reusable Rocket Engines
KW  - Hybrid Propellants
Y1  - 2009
SN  - 9781615679089
N1  - 60th International Astronautical Congress 2009 (IAC 2009)
Held 12-16 October 2009, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
SP  - 5234
EP  - 5248
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Temiz Artmann, Aysegül
A1  - Kayser, Peter
T1  - Why is Sepsis an Ongoing Clinical Challenge? Lipopolysaccharide Effects on Red Blood Cell Volume / Temiz, Aysegül ;  Kayser, Peter
JF  - Bioengineering in Cell and Tissue Research / Artmann, Gerhard M. ; Chien, Shu (Eds.)
Y1  - 2008
SN  - 978-3-540-75408-4
SP  - 497
EP  - 508
PB  - Springer
CY  - Berlin
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Artmann, Gerhard
A1  - Hueck, Isgard S.
A1  - Rossiter, Katharine
A1  - Schmid-Schönbein, Geert W.
T1  - Fluid Shear Attenuates Endothelial Pseudopodia Formation into the Capillary Lumen / Hueck, Isgard S. ; Rossiter, Katharine ; Artman, Gerhard M. ; Schmid-Schönbein, Geert W.
JF  - Microcirculation. 15 (2008), H. 6
Y1  - 2008
SN  - 1549-8719
SP  - 531
EP  - 542
ER  - 
TY  - BOOK
A1  - Artmann, Gerhard
T1  - Bioengineering in Cell and Tissue Research / Artmann, Gerhard M. ; Chien, Shu (Eds.)
Y1  - 2008
SN  - 978-3-540-75408-4
PB  - Springer
CY  - Berlin
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Artmann, Gerhard
A1  - Zerlin, Kay
A1  - Digel, Ilya
T1  - Hemoglobin Senses Body Temperature
JF  - Bioengineering in Cell and Tissue Research / Artmann, Gerhard M. ; Chien, Shu (Eds.)
Y1  - 2008
SN  - 978-3-540-75408-4
SP  - 415
EP  - 447
PB  - Springer
CY  - Berlin
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Staat, Manfred
A1  - Baroud, G.
A1  - Topcu, M.
A1  - Sponagel, Stefan
T1  - Soft Materials in Technology and Biology – Characteristics, Properties, and Parameter Identification
JF  - Bioengineering in Cell and Tissue Research / Artmann, Gerhard M. ; Chien, Shu (Eds.)
Y1  - 2008
SN  - 978-3-540-75408-4
SP  - 253
EP  - 315
PB  - Springer
CY  - Berlin
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Vant, Christianne
A1  - Staat, Manfred
A1  - Baroud, Gamal
T1  - Percutaneous Vertebroplasty: A Review of Two Intraoperative Complications
JF  - Bioengineering in Cell and Tissue Research / Artmann, Gerhard M. ; Chien, Shu (Eds.)
Y1  - 2008
SN  - 978-3-540-75408-4
SP  - 527
EP  - 539
PB  - Springer
CY  - Berlin
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Dachwald, Bernd
A1  - Seboldt, W.
A1  - Loeb, H. W
A1  - Schartner, K.-H.
T1  - Main Belt Asteroid Sample Return Mission Using Solar Electric Propulsion
JF  - Acta Astronautica. 63 (2008), H. 1-4
Y1  - 2008
SN  - 0094-5765
N1  - International Astronautical Federation Congress <58, 2007, Hyderabad> ; International Astronautical Congress <58, 2007, Hyderabad> ; IAC-07-A3.5.07
SP  - 91
EP  - 101
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Tran, Thanh Ngoc
A1  - Kreißig, R.
A1  - Vu, Duc Khoi
A1  - Staat, Manfred
T1  - Upper bound limit and shakedown analysis of shells using the exact Ilyushin yield surface
JF  - Computer & Structures. 86 (2008)
Y1  - 2008
SN  - 0045-7949
SP  - 1683
EP  - 1695
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Staat, Manfred
A1  - Tran, Thanh Ngoc
A1  - Kreißig, R.
T1  - Load bearing capacity of thin shell structures made of elastoplastic material by direct methods
JF  - Technische Mechanik. 28 (2008), H. 3-4
Y1  - 2008
SP  - 299
EP  - 309
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Dachwald, Bernd
A1  - Seboldt, W.
T1  - Solar Sails — Propellantless Propulsion for Near- and Medium-Term Deep-Space Missions  / W. Seboldt ; B. Dachwald
JF  - Advanced Propulsion Systems and Technologies, Today to 2020 / Claudio Bruno (ed.) ... - (Progress in Astronautics and Aeronautics Series ; 223)
Y1  - 2008
SN  - 978-1-56347-929-8
N1  - ISBN 10: 1-56347-929-X  ; American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics <New York, NY>
PB  - AIAA
CY  - Reston, Va.
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Dachwald, Bernd
A1  - Seboldt, W.
A1  - Lämmerzahl, W.
T1  - Solar Sail Propulsion: An Enabling Technology for Fundamental Physics Missions
JF  - Lasers, Clocks and Drag Free Control : Exploration of Relativistic Gravity in Space / by Hansjörg Dittus ..., eds. - ( Astrophysics and Space Science Library ; 349)
Y1  - 2008
SN  - 978-3-540-34376-9
SP  - 379
EP  - 398
PB  - Springer
CY  - Berlin [u.a.]
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Kaul, D. K.
A1  - Koshkaryev, A.
A1  - Artmann, Gerhard
A1  - Barshtein, G.
A1  - Yedgar, S.
T1  - Additive effect of red blood cell rigidity and adherence to endothelial cells in inducing vascular resistance
JF  - American Journal of Physiology : Heart and Circulation Physiology . 295 (2008), H. 4
Y1  - 2008
SN  - 1522-1539
VL  - 295
IS  - 4
SP  - H1788
EP  - H1793
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Stadler, A.  M.
A1  - Digel, Ilya
A1  - Artmann, Gerhard
A1  - Embs, Jan P.
A1  - Zaccai, Joe
A1  - Büldt, Georg
T1  - Hemoglobin Dynamics in Red Blood Cells: Correlation to Body Temperature
JF  - Biophysical Journal. 95 (2008), H. 11
Y1  - 2008
SN  - 1542-0086
SP  - 5449
EP  - 5461
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Becker, C.
A1  - Wallang, C.
A1  - Artmann, Gerhard
A1  - Jakse, G.
T1  - Mechanotransduction-bioreactor for tissue engineering of a ureter prosthesis
JF  - International Journal of Artificial Organs, The
Y1  - 2008
SN  - 0391-3988
N1  - Abstracts from the XXXV Congress of the European Society for Artificial Organs: 'Towards Future Biomedical Technologies' - ORAL PRESENTATIONS
VL  - 31
IS  - 7
SP  - 583
EP  - 583
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Behbahani, Mehdi
A1  - Behr, Marek
A1  - Nicolai, Mike
A1  - Probst, Markus
T1  - Towards Shape Optimization for Ventricular Assist Devices Using Parallel Stabilized FEM
JF  - NIC Symposium 2008 : symposium, 20 - 21 February 2008, Forschungszentrum Jülich ; proceedings / organized by John von Neumann Institute for Computing. Ed. by Gernot Münster; Dietrich Wolf; Manfred Kremer (ed.)
Y1  - 2008
SN  - 978-3-9810843-5-1
N1  - NIC series ; 39
SP  - 325
EP  - 332
PB  - Forschungszentrum
CY  - Jülich
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Behbahani, Mehdi
A1  - Waluga, C.
A1  - Arlt, S.
A1  - Behr, M.
A1  - Mottaghy, K.
T1  - Computational Analysis of Platelet Aggregation in a Taylor-Couette System
JF  - The International Journal of Artificial Organs. 31 (2008), H. 7
Y1  - 2008
SN  - 0391-3988
N1  - Posterpresentation ; European Society of Artificial Organs (ESAO), Geneva, Switzerland
SP  - 643
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Kotliar, Konstantin
A1  - Mücke, Bruno
A1  - Vilser, Walthard
A1  - Schilling, Rudolf
T1  - Effect of aging on retinal artery blood column diameter measured along the vessel axis / Kotliar, Konstantin E. ; Mücke, Bruno ; Vilser, Walthard ; Schilling, Rudolf ; Lanzl, Ines M.
JF  - Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science, IOVS. 49 (2008), H. 5
Y1  - 2008
SN  - 0146-0404
SP  - 2094
EP  - 2102
PB  - -
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Digel, Ilya
T1  - Controlling microbial adhesion : a surface engineering approach
JF  - Bioengineering in Cell and Tissue Research / Artmann, Gerhard M. ; Chien, Shu (Eds.)
Y1  - 2008
SN  - 978-3-540-75408-4
SP  - 601
EP  - 625
PB  - Springer
CY  - Berlin [u.a.]
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Stadler, Andreas M.
A1  - Embs, Jan P.
A1  - Digel, Ilya
A1  - Artmann, Gerhard
A1  - Unruh, Tobias
A1  - Büldt, Georg
A1  - Zaccai, Guiseppe
T1  - Cytoplasmic water and hydration layer dynamics in human red blood cells
JF  - Journal of the American Chemical Society. 50 (2008), H. 130
Y1  - 2008
SN  - 1520-5126
SP  - 16852
EP  - 16853
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Digel, Ilya
A1  - Kayser, Peter
A1  - Artmann, Gerhard
T1  - Molecular processes in biological thermosensation
JF  - Journal of Biophysics. 2008 (2008)
Y1  - 2008
SN  - 1687-8000
SP  - 1
EP  - 9
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Kotliar, Konstantin
A1  - Lanzl, Ines M.
A1  - Maier, Mathias
A1  - Feucht, Nikolaus
T1  - Intraocular pressure effects of pegaptanib (macugen) injections in patients with and without glaucoma / Lanzl, Ines M. ; Maier, Mathias ; Feucht, Nikolaus ; Lohmann, Chris P. ; Kotliar, Konstantin E.
JF  - American Journal of Ophthalmology . 145 (2008), H. 1
Y1  - 2008
SN  - 1879-1891
SP  - 185
EP  - 185
PB  - -
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Kotliar, Konstantin
A1  - Maier, Mathias
A1  - Bauer, Svetlana
A1  - Feucht, Nikolaus
A1  - Lohmann, Chris
A1  - Lanzl, Ines
T1  - Intravitreal injection of triamcinolone acetonide and intraocular pressure: author's reply
JF  - Acta Ophthalmologica
Y1  - 2008
SN  - 1755-3768
VL  - 86
IS  - 6
SP  - 692
EP  - 693
PB  - -
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Kotliar, Konstantin
A1  - Nagel, Edgar
A1  - Vilser, Walthard
A1  - Lanzl, Ines M.
T1  - Functional in vivo assessment of retinal artery microirregularities in glaucoma / Kotliar, Konstantin E. ; Nagel, Edgar ; Vilser, Walthard ; Lanzl, Ines M.
JF  - Acta Ophthalmologica. 86 (2008), H. 4
Y1  - 2008
SN  - 1755-3768
SP  - 424
EP  - 433
PB  - -
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Kotliar, Konstantin
A1  - Mogilevskiĭ, A. Ia.
A1  - Shilo, A. V.
A1  - Panchekha, A. P.
T1  - [Chaotic non-linear dynamics of alpha-band of the EEg and organization of the cortical activity of P300 wave] / Mogilevskiĭ, A. Ia. ; Kotliar, K. E. ; Shilo, A. V. ; Panchekha, A. P.
JF  - Zhurnal vyssheĭ nervnoĭ deiatelnosti imeni I P Pavlova. 58 (2008), H. 5
Y1  - 2008
SN  - 0044-4677
N1  - Original in Russisch ; English abstract
SP  - 562
EP  - 575
PB  - -
ER  - 
TY  - THES
A1  - Kotliar, Konstantin
T1  - Functional in-vivo assessment and biofluidmechanical analysis of age-related and pathological microstructural changes in retinal vessels [Elektronische Ressource]
Y1  - 2008
N1  - München, Techn. Univ., Diss., 2008
PB  - -
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Stadler, Andreas M.
A1  - Zerlin, Kay
A1  - Digel, Ilya
A1  - Büldt, Georg
A1  - Zaccai, Guiseppe
A1  - Artmann, Gerhard
T1  - Dynamics and interactions of hemoglobin in red blood cells
JF  - Tissue Engineering Part A. 14 (2008), H. 5
Y1  - 2008
SN  - 1937-3341
N1  - TERMIS EU 2008 Porto Meeting June 22–26, 2008 Porto Congress Center–Alfândega Portugal
SP  - 724
EP  - 724
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Artmann, Gerhard
A1  - Digel, Ilya
A1  - Linder, Peter
A1  - Porst, Dariusz
T1  - Mechanism of haemoglobin sensing body temperature
JF  - Tissue Engineering Part A. 14 (2008), H. 5
Y1  - 2008
SN  - 1937-3341
N1  - TERMIS EU 2008 Porto Meeting June 22–26, 2008 Porto Congress Center–Alfândega Portugal
SP  - 754
EP  - 754
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Ciobanu, Octavian
A1  - Staat, Manfred
A1  - Rahimi, Alireza
T1  - The use of open source software in biomechanical finite element analysis
JF  - Buletinul Institutului Politehnic din Iaşi / Universitatea Tehnică Gh. Asachi, Iaşi Secţia 5, Construcţii de maşini = Machine construction = Bulletin of the Polytechnic Institute of Jassy = Izvestija Jasskogo Politechničeskogo Instituta
Y1  - 2008
SN  - 1011-2855
VL  - 54
IS  - 7/8
SP  - 213
EP  - 220
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Albracht, Kirsten
A1  - Arampatzis, A.
A1  - Baltzopoulos, V.
T1  - Assessment of muscle volume and physiological cross-sectional area of the human triceps surae muscle in vivo
JF  - Journal of Biomechanics
Y1  - 2008
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiomech.2008.04.020
SN  - 0021-9290
VL  - 41
SP  - 2211
EP  - 2218
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Staat, Manfred
A1  - Vu, Duc-Khoi
T1  - Limit analysis of flaws in pressurized pipes and cylindrical vessels. Part I: Axial defects
JF  - Engineering Fracture Mechanics. 74 (2007), H. 3
Y1  - 2007
SN  - 0013-7944
SP  - 431
EP  - 450
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Vu, Duc Khoi
A1  - Staat, Manfred
A1  - Tran, Ich Thinh
T1  - Analysis of pressure equipment by application of the primal-dual theory of shakedown
JF  - Communications in Numerical Methods in Engineering. 23 (2007), H. 3
Y1  - 2007
SN  - 1069-8299
SP  - 213
EP  - 225
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Vu, Duc Khoi
A1  - Staat, Manfred
T1  - Shakedown analysis of structures made of materials with temperature-dependent yield stress
JF  - International Journal of Solids and Structures. 44 (2007), H. 13
Y1  - 2007
SN  - 0020-7683
SP  - 4524
EP  - 4540
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Dachwald, Bernd
A1  - Ohndorf, A.
T1  - 1st ACT Global Trajectory Optimisation Competition : Results found at DLR
JF  - Acta Astronautica. 61 (2007), H. 9
Y1  - 2007
SN  - 0094-5765
N1  - Global Trajectory Optimization ;  Results of the First Competition Organised by the Advanced Concept Team (ACT) of the European Space Agency (ESA)
SP  - 742
EP  - 752
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Dachwald, Bernd
A1  - McDonald, Malcolm
A1  - McInnes, Colin R.
A1  - Mengali, Giovanni
T1  - Impact of Optical Degradation on Solar Sail Mission Performance
JF  - Journal of Spacecraft and Rockets. 44 (2007), H. 4
Y1  - 2007
SN  - 0022-4650
N1  - 2. ISSN: 1533-6794
SP  - 740
EP  - 749
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Dachwald, Bernd
A1  - Wi, Bong
T1  - Solar Sail Kinetic Energy Impactor Trajectory Optimization for an Asteroid-Deflection Mission
JF  - Journal of Spacecraft and Rockets. 44 (2007), H. 4
Y1  - 2007
SN  - 0022-4650
N1  - 2. ISSN: 1533-6794
SP  - 755
EP  - 764
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Dachwald, Bernd
A1  - Mengali, Giovanni
A1  - Quarta, Alessandro A.
A1  - Circi, Christian
T1  - Refined Solar Sail Force Model with Mission Application / Giovanni Mengali ; Alessandro A. Quarta , Christian Circi ;  Bernd Dachwald
JF  - Journal of Guidance, Control, and Dynamics. 30 (2007), H. 2
Y1  - 2007
SN  - 0162-3192
N1  - 2. ISBN: 0731-5090
SP  - 512
EP  - 520
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Dachwald, Bernd
A1  - MacDonald, Malcolm
A1  - McInnes, Colin R.
T1  - Heliocentric Solar Sail Orbit Transfers with Locally Optimal Control Laws / Malcolm Macdonald ; Colin McInnes ; Bernd Dachwald
JF  - Journal of Spacecraft and Rockets. 44 (2007), H. 1
Y1  - 2007
SN  - 0022-4650
SP  - 273
EP  - 276
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Dachwald, Bernd
A1  - Carnelli, I.
A1  - Vasile, M.
T1  - Optimizing low-thrust gravity assist interplanetary trajectories using evolutionary neurocontrollers / I. Carnelli ; B. Dachwald ; M. Vasile
JF  - IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation, 2007 : CEC 2007 ; 25 - 28 September 2007, Singapore
Y1  - 2007
SN  - 978-1-424-41339-3
N1  - ISBN 10: 1-424-41339-7 ; IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation <2007, Singapore> ; 	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers ; Nebent: CEC 2007 ; Parallel als Online-Ausg. erschienen
SP  - 965
EP  - 972
PB  - IEEE Service Center
CY  - Piscataway, NJ
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Linder, Peter
A1  - Digel, Ilya
A1  - Temiz Artmann, Aysegül
A1  - Kayser, Peter
A1  - Porst, Dariusz
A1  - Artmann, Gerhard
T1  - High-throughput testing of mechanical forces generated in thin cell and tissue layers
JF  - Tissue Engineering. 13 (2007), H. 7
Y1  - 2007
SN  - 1076-3279
N1  - Meeting abstract 433
SP  - 1778
EP  - 1778
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Erbayraktar, Zubeyde
A1  - Yilmaz, Osman
A1  - Temiz Artmann, Aysegül
A1  - Cehreli, Ruksan
A1  - Coker, Canan
T1  - Effects of Selenium Supplementation on Antioxidant Defense and Glucose Homeostasis in Experimental Diabetes Mellitus
JF  - Biological Trace Element Research
Y1  - 2007
SN  - 1559-0720
VL  - 118
IS  - 3
SP  - 217
EP  - 226
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Behbahani, Mehdi
A1  - Nicolai, M.
A1  - Probst, M.
A1  - Behr, M.
T1  - Simulation of Blood Flow in a Ventricular Assist Device
JF  - inSIDE. 5 (2007), H. 1
Y1  - 2007
SP  - 28
EP  - 31
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Kotliar, Konstantin
A1  - Maier, Mathias
A1  - Bauer, Svetlana
A1  - Feucht, Nikolaus
T1  - Effect of intravitreal injections and volume changes on intraocular pressure: clinical results and biomechanical model / Kotliar, Konstantin ; Maier, Mathias ; Bauer, Svetlana ; Feucht, Nikolaus ; Lohmann, Chris ; Lanzl, Ines
JF  - Acta Ophthalmologica Scandinavica. 85 (2007), H. 7
Y1  - 2007
SN  - 1755-3768
SP  - 777
EP  - 781
PB  - -
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Zerlin, Kay
A1  - Digel, Ilya
A1  - Stadler, Andreas M.
A1  - Büldt, Georg
A1  - Zaccai, Guiseppe
A1  - Artmann, Gerhard
T1  - Dynamics and interactions of hemoglobin in human red blood cells and concentrated hemoglobin solutions
JF  - Regenerative medicine. 2 (2007), H. 5
Y1  - 2007
SN  - 1746-0751
N1  - Proceedings of the 3rd World Congress on Regenerative Medicine. October 18-20, 2007. Leipzig, Germany
SP  - 573
EP  - 573
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Digel, Ilya
A1  - Zerlin, Kay
A1  - Temiz Artmann, Aysegül
A1  - Engels, S.
T1  - Protein dynamics in thermosensation
JF  - Regenerative medicine. 2 (2007), H. 5
Y1  - 2007
SN  - 1746-0751
N1  - Proceedings of the 3rd World Congress on Regenerative Medicine. October 18-20, 2007. Leipzig, Germany
SP  - 533
EP  - 533
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Zerlin, Kay
A1  - Kasischke, Nicole
A1  - Digel, Ilya
A1  - Maggakis-Kelemen, Christina
A1  - Temiz Artmann, Aysegül
A1  - Porst, Dariusz
A1  - Kayser, Peter
A1  - Linder, Peter
A1  - Artmann, Gerhard
T1  - Structural transition temperature of hemoglobins correlates with species’ body temperature
JF  - European Biophysics Journal. 37 (2007), H. 1
Y1  - 2007
SN  - 1432-1017
SP  - 1
EP  - 10
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Digel, Ilya
A1  - Kurulgan Demirci, Eylem
A1  - Linder, Peter
A1  - Kayser, Peter
T1  - Decrease in extracellular collagen crosslinking after NMR magnetic field application in skin fibroblasts
JF  - Medical and Biological Engineering and Computing. 45 (2007), H. 1
Y1  - 2007
SN  - 1741-0444
SP  - 91
EP  - 97
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Artmann, Gerhard
A1  - Zerlin, Kay
A1  - Digel, Ilya
A1  - Stadler, Andreas M.
T1  - Physical discontinuities at body temperature in human red blood cells / Artmann, GM ; Zerlin, K ; Digel, I ; Stadler, A ; Zaccai, G ; Temiz, AA
JF  - Tissue Engineering. 13 (2007), H. 7
Y1  - 2007
SN  - 1076-3279
N1  - TERMIS-EU Meeting Abstracts London, UK September 4–7, 2007
SP  - 1778
EP  - 1778
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Arampatzis, Adamantios
A1  - Karamanidis, Kiros
A1  - Albracht, Kirsten
T1  - Adaptational responses of the human Achilles tendon by modulation of the applied cyclic strain magnitude
JF  - Journal of Experimental Biology
Y1  - 2007
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.003814
SN  - 0022-0949
VL  - 210
IS  - 15
SP  - 2743
EP  - 2753
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Dachwald, Bernd
T1  - Low-Thrust Mission Analysis and Global Trajectory Optimization Using Evolutionary Neurocontrol: New Results
T2  - European Workshop on Space Mission Analysis ESA/ESOC, Darmstadt, Germany 10 { 12 Dec 2007
N2  - Interplanetary trajectories for low-thrust spacecraft are often characterized by multiple revolutions around the sun. Unfortunately, the convergence of traditional trajectory optimizers that are based on numerical optimal control methods depends strongly on an adequate initial guess for the control function (if a direct method is used) or for the starting values of the adjoint vector (if an indirect method is used). Especially when many revolutions around the sun are re-
quired, trajectory optimization becomes a very difficult and time-consuming task that involves a lot of experience and expert knowledge in astrodynamics and optimal control theory, because an adequate initial guess is extremely hard to find. Evolutionary neurocontrol (ENC) was proposed as a smart method for low-thrust trajectory optimization that fuses artificial neural networks and evolutionary algorithms to so-called evolutionary neurocontrollers (ENCs) [1]. Inspired by natural archetypes, ENC attacks the trajectoryoptimization problem from the perspective of artificial intelligence and machine learning, a perspective that is quite different from that of optimal control theory. Within the context of ENC, a trajectory is regarded as the result of a spacecraft steering strategy that maps permanently the actual spacecraft state and the actual target state onto the actual spacecraft control vector. This way, the problem of searching the optimal spacecraft trajectory is equivalent to the problem of searching (or "learning") the optimal spacecraft steering strategy. An artificial neural network is used to implement such a spacecraft steering strategy. It can be regarded as a parameterized function (the network function) that is defined by the internal network parameters. Therefore, each distinct set of network parameters defines a different network function and thus a different steering strategy. The problem of searching the optimal steering strategy is now equivalent to the problem of searching the optimal set of network parameters. Evolutionary algorithms that work on a population of (artificial) chromosomes are used to find the optimal network parameters, because the parameters can be easily mapped onto a chromosome. The trajectory optimization problem is solved when the optimal chromosome is found. A comparison of solar sail trajectories that have been published by others [2, 3, 4, 5] with ENC-trajectories has shown that ENCs can be successfully applied for near-globally optimal spacecraft control [1, 6] and that they are able to find trajectories that are closer to the (unknown) global optimum, because they explore the trajectory search space more exhaustively than a human expert can do. The obtained trajectories are fairly accurate with respect to the terminal constraint. If a more accurate trajectory is required, the ENC-solution can be used as an initial guess for a local trajectory optimization method. Using ENC, low-thrust trajectories can be optimized without an initial guess and without expert attendance.
Here, new results for nuclear electric spacecraft and for solar sail spacecraft are presented and it will be shown that ENCs find very good trajectories even for very difficult problems. Trajectory optimization results are presented for 1. NASA's Solar Polar Imager Mission, a mission to attain a highly inclined close solar orbit with a solar sail [7] 2. a mission to de ect asteroid Apophis with a solar sail from a retrograde orbit with a very-high velocity impact [8, 9] 3. JPL's \2nd Global Trajectory Optimization Competition", a grand tour to visit four asteroids from different classes with a NEP spacecraft
Y1  - 2007
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Dachwald, Bernd
A1  - Seboldt, Wolfgang
A1  - Loeb, Horst W.
A1  - Schartner, Karl-Heinz
T1  - A comparison of SEP and NEP for a main belt asteroid sample return mission
T2  - 7th International Symposium on Launcher Technologies, Barcelona, Spain, 02-05 April 2007
N2  - Innovative interplanetary deep space missions, like a main belt asteroid sample
return mission, require ever larger velocity increments (∆V s) and thus ever
more demanding propulsion capabilities. Providing much larger exhaust velocities than chemical high-thrust systems, electric low-thrust space-propulsion
systems can significantly enhance or even enable such high-energy missions. In
1995, a European-Russian Joint Study Group (JSG) presented a study report
on “Advanced Interplanetary Missions Using Nuclear-Electric Propulsion”
(NEP). One of the investigated reference missions was a sample return (SR)
from the main belt asteroid (19) Fortuna. The envisaged nuclear power plant,
Topaz-25, however, could not be realized and also the worldwide developments
in space reactor hardware stalled. In this paper, we investigate, whether such
a mission is also feasible using a solar electric propulsion (SEP) system and
compare our SEP results to corresponding NEP results.
Y1  - 2007
SP  - 1
EP  - 10
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Dachwald, Bernd
A1  - Kahle, Ralph
A1  - Wie, Bong
T1  - Head-on impact deflection of NEAs: a case study for 99942 Apophis
T2  - Planetary Defense Conference 2007
N2  - Near-Earth asteroid (NEA) 99942 Apophis provides a typical example for the evolution of asteroid orbits that lead to Earth-impacts after a close Earth-encounter that results in a resonant return. Apophis will have a close Earth-encounter in 2029 with potential very close subsequent Earth-encounters (or even an impact) in 2036 or later, depending on whether it passes through one of several less than 1 km-sized gravitational keyholes during its 2029-encounter. A pre-2029 kinetic impact is a very favorable option to nudge the asteroid out of a keyhole. The highest impact velocity and thus deflection can be achieved from a trajectory that is retrograde to Apophis orbit. With a chemical or electric propulsion system, however, many gravity assists and thus a long time is required to achieve this. We show in this paper that the solar sail might be the better propulsion system for such a mission: a solar sail Kinetic Energy Impactor (KEI) spacecraft could impact Apophis from a retrograde trajectory with a very high relative velocity (75-80 km/s) during one of its perihelion passages. The spacecraft consists of a 160 m × 160 m, 168 kg solar sail assembly and a 150 kg impactor. Although conventional spacecraft can also achieve the required minimum deflection of 1 km for this approx. 320 m-sized object from a prograde trajectory, our solar sail KEI concept also allows the deflection of larger objects. For a launch in 2020, we also show that, even after Apophis has flown through one of the gravitational keyholes in 2029, the solar sail KEI concept is still feasible to prevent Apophis from impacting the Earth, but many KEIs would be required for consecutive impacts to increase the total Earth-miss distance to a safe value
Y1  - 2007
N1  - Planetary Defense Conference 2007, Wahington D.C., USA, 05-08 March 2007
SP  - 1
EP  - 12
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Loeb, Horst Wolfgang
A1  - Schartner, Karl-Heinz
A1  - Dachwald, Bernd
A1  - Seboldt, Wolfgang
T1  - SEP-Sample return from a main belt asteroid
T2  - 30th International Electric Propulsion Conference
N2  - By DLR-contact, sample return missions to the large main-belt asteroid “19, Fortuna” have been studied. The mission scenario has been based on three ion thrusters of the RIT-22 model, which is presently under space qualification, and on solar arrays equipped with triple-junction GaAs solar cells. After having designed the spacecraft, the orbit-to-orbit trajectories for both, a one-way SEP mission with a chemical sample return and an all-SEP return mission, have been optimized using a combination of artificial neural networks with evolutionary algorithms. Additionally, body-to-body trajectories have been
investigated within a launch period between 2012 and 2015. For orbit-to-orbit calculation, the launch masses of the hybrid mission and of the all-SEP mission resulted in 2.05 tons and 1.56 tons, respectively, including a scientific payload of 246 kg. For the related transfer
durations 4.14 yrs and 4.62 yrs were obtained. Finally, a comparison between the mission scenarios based on SEP and on NEP have been carried out favouring clearly SEP.
Y1  - 2007
SP  - 1
EP  - 11
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Dachwald, Bernd
A1  - Mengali, Giovanni
A1  - Quarta, Alessandro A
A1  - Macdonald, Malcolm
A1  - McInnes, Colin R
T1  - Optical solar sail degradation modelling
T2  - 1st International Symposium on Solar Sailing
N2  - We propose a simple parametric OSSD model that describes the variation of the sail film's optical coefficients with time, depending on the sail film's environmental history, i.e., the radiation dose. The primary intention of our model is not to describe the exact behavior of specific film-coating combinations in the real space environment, but to provide a more general parametric framework for describing the general optical degradation behavior of solar sails.
Y1  - 2007
N1  - 1st International Symposium on Solar Sailing 27–29 June 2007, Herrsching, Germany
SP  - 1
EP  - 27
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Staat, Manfred
A1  - Vu, Khoi Duc
T1  - Limit loads of circumferentially flawed pipes and cylindrical vessels under internal pressure
JF  - International Journal of Pressure Vessels and Piping. 83 (2006), H. 3
Y1  - 2006
SN  - 0308-0161
SP  - 188
EP  - 196
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Dachwald, Bernd
A1  - Seboldt, W.
A1  - Richter, L.
T1  - Multiple rendezvous and sample return missions to near-Earth objects using solar sailcraft / Dachwald, B. ; Seboldt, W. ; Richter, L.
JF  - Acta Astronautica. 59 (2006), H. 8-11
Y1  - 2006
SN  - 0094-5765
N1  - International Conference on Low Cost Planetary Missions <5, 2003, Noordwijk> ; Selected Proceedings
SP  - 768
EP  - 776
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Dachwald, Bernd
A1  - Mengali, Giovanni
A1  - Quarta, Alessandrao A.
A1  - Macdonald, Malcolm
T1  - Parametric Model and Optimal Control of Solar Sails with Optical Degradation
JF  - Journal of guidance, control, and dynamics. 29 (2006), H. 5
Y1  - 2006
SN  - 0162-3192
N1  - 2. ISSN: 0731-5090
SP  - 1170
EP  - 1178
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Dachwald, Bernd
A1  - Kahle, Ralph
A1  - Wie, Bong
T1  - Solar Sailing Kinetic Energy Impactor (KEI) Mission Design Tradeoffs for Impacting and Deflecting Asteroid 99942 Apophis
JF  - AIAA Guidance, Navigation, and Control Conference & Exhibit - AIAA Atmospheric Flight Mechanics Conference & Exhibit - AIAA Modeling and Simulation Technologies Conference & Exhibit - AIAA/AAS Astrodynamics Specialist Conference & Exhibit : [21 - 24 August 2006, Keystone, Colorado ; papers]. - (AIAA meeting papers on disc ; [11.]2006,19-20 )
Y1  - 2006
SN  - 1-56347-802-1
N1  - American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics <Reston, Va.> ; American Astronautical Society ; AIAA/AAS Astrodynamics Specialist Conference & Exhibit <2006,  Keystone, Colo.> ; AIAA paper number: AIAA-2006-6178
SP  - 1
EP  - 20
PB  - American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics
CY  - Reston, Va.
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Dachwald, Bernd
A1  - Ohndorf, A.
A1  - Wie, Bong
T1  - Solar Sail Trajectory Optimization for the Solar Polar Imager (SPI) Mission
JF  - AIAA Guidance, Navigation, and Control Conference & Exhibit - AIAA Atmospheric Flight Mechanics Conference & Exhibit - AIAA Modeling and Simulation Technologies Conference & Exhibit - AIAA/AAS Astrodynamics Specialist Conference & Exhibit : [21 - 24 August 2006, Keystone, Colorado ; papers]. - (AIAA meeting papers on disc ; [11.]2006,19-20 )
Y1  - 2006
SN  - 1-56347-802-1
N1  - American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics <Reston, Va.> ; American Astronautical Society ; AIAA/AAS Astrodynamics Specialist Conference & Exhibit <2006,  Keystone, Colo.> ; AIAA paper number: AIAA-2006-6177
PB  - American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics
CY  - Reston, Va.
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Dachwald, Bernd
A1  - Carnelli, I.
A1  - Vasile, M.
T1  - Low-Thrust Gravity Assist Trajectory Optimization Using Evolutionary Neurocontrollers / I. Carnelli ; B. Dachwald ; M. Vasile ...
JF  - Astrodynamics 2005 : proceedings of the AAS/AIAA astrodynamics conference held August 7 - 11, 2005, South Lake Tahoe, California / ed. by Bobby G. Williams. - Pt. 3. - (Advances in the astronautical sciences ; 123,3)
Y1  - 2006
SN  - 0-87703-527-X
N1  - Astrodynamics Conference <2005, South Lake Tahoe, Calif.> ; American Astronautical Society ; Number: AAS-05-374
SP  - 1911
EP  - 1928
PB  - Univelt
CY  - San Diego, Calif.
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Dachwald, Bernd
A1  - Baturkin, Volodymyr
A1  - Coverstone, Victoria L.
A1  - Dietrich, Benjamin
A1  - Garbe, Gregory P.
A1  - Görlich, Marianne
A1  - Leipold, Manfred
A1  - Lura, Franz
A1  - Macdonald, Malcolm
A1  - McInnes, Colin R.
A1  - Mengali, Giovanni
A1  - Quatra, Alessandro A.
A1  - Rios-Reyes, Leonel
A1  - Scheeres, Daniel J.
A1  - Seboldt, Wolfgang
A1  - Wie, Bong
T1  - Potential Effects of Optical Solar Sail Degradation on Interplanetary Trajectory Design
JF  - Astrodynamics 2005 : proceedings of the AAS/AIAA astrodynamics conference held August 7 - 11, 2005, South Lake Tahoe, California / ed. by Bobby G. Williams. - Pt. 3. - (Advances in the astronautical sciences ; 123,3)
Y1  - 2006
UR  - http://www.spacesailing.net/paper/200508_LakeTahoe_Dachwald+.pdf
SN  - 0-87703-527-X
N1  - Astrodynamics Conference <2005, South Lake Tahoe, Calif.> ; American Astronautical Society ; Number: AAS-05-413
SP  - 2569
EP  - 2592
PB  - Univelt
CY  - San Diego, Calif.
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Leipold, M.
A1  - Fichtner, H.
A1  - Heber, B.
A1  - Groepper, P.
A1  - Lascar, S.
A1  - Burger, F.
A1  - Eiden, M.
A1  - Niederstadt, T.
A1  - Sickinger, C.
A1  - Herbeck, L.
A1  - Dachwald, Bernd
A1  - Seboldt, W.
T1  - Heliopause Explorer - A Sailcraft Mission to the Outer Boundaries of the Solar System
JF  - Acta Astronautica. 59 (2006), H. 8-11
Y1  - 2006
SN  - 0094-5765
N1  - International Conference on Low Cost Planetary Missions <5, 2003, Noordwijk> ; Selected Proceedings
SP  - 786
EP  - 796
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Dachwald, Bernd
A1  - Carnelli, I.
A1  - Vasile, M.
T1  - Evolutionary Neurocontrol as a Novel Method for Low-Thrust Gravity Assist Trajectory Optimization / I. Carnelli ; B. Dachwald ; M. Vasile
JF  - Proceedings of the Twenty-Fifth International Symposium on Space Technology and Science (Selected papers) : Kanazawa, [June 4 through June 11, 2006, at Kanazawa-shi Kanko Kaikan in Kanazawa city] / [Japan Society for Aeronautical and Space Sciences. Kohtaro Matsumoto [ed.-in-chief]
Y1  - 2006
SN  - 4-99005-002-9
N1  - International Symposium on Space Technology and Science <25, 2006, Kanazawa> ; ISTS 2006-d-46
SP  - 569
EP  - 574
PB  - JSASS
CY  - Tokyo
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Behbahani, Mehdi
A1  - Behr, M.
A1  - Arora, D.
A1  - Coronado, O.
A1  - Pasquali, M.
T1  - CFD Analysis of MicroMed Debakey Pump and Hemolysis Prediction / Behbahani, M. ; Behr, M. ; Arora, D. ; Coronado, O. ; Pasquali, M.
JF  - Artificial Organs. 30 (2006), H. 11
Y1  - 2006
SN  - 1525-1594
N1  - Abstracts 14th Congress of the International Society for Rotary Blood Pumps, Leuven, Belgium, August 31–September 2, 2006 ; S7-4
SP  - A45
EP  - A46
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Kotliar, Konstantin
A1  - Bauer, S. M.
A1  - Zamuraev, L. A.
T1  - Model of the transversely isotropic spherical layer for estimation of intraocular pressure changes after intravitreal injections / Bauer, S. M. ; Zamuraev, L. A. ; Kotliar, K. E.
JF  - Rossiiskii zhurnal biomekhaniki = Russian Journal of biomechanics. 10 (2006), H. 2
Y1  - 2006
SN  - 1812-5123
SP  - 41
EP  - 47
PB  - -
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Kotliar, Konstantin
A1  - Koshitz, I. N.
A1  - Svetlova, O. V.
A1  - Zaseeva, M. V.
T1  - Physiological principles of hypotensive therapy of open-angle glaucoma during presbyopic period. Part I Initial theoretical presuppositions, hypotheses and facts / Koshitz, I. N. ; Svetlova, O. V. ; Zaseeva, M. V. ; Shuhaev, S. V. ; Makarov, F. N. ; Kotli
JF  - Glaukoma (2006)
Y1  - 2006
N1  - Original in Russisch
SP  - 35
EP  - 53
PB  - -
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Kotliar, Konstantin
A1  - Koshitz, I. N.
A1  - Svetlowa, O. V.
A1  - Zaseeva, M. V.
T1  - Physiological principles of hypotensive therapy of open-angle glaucoma during presbyopic period. Part II Promising algorithms of practical sparing applications / Koshitz, I. N. ; Svetlova, O. V. ; Zaseeva, M. V. ; Shuhaev, S. V. ; Makarov, F. N. ; Kotliar
JF  - Glaukoma (2006)
Y1  - 2006
N1  - Original in Russisch
SP  - 51
EP  - 70
PB  - -
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Digel, Ilya
A1  - Maggakis-Kelemen, Christina
A1  - Zerlin, Kay
A1  - Linder, Peter
T1  - Body temperature-related structural transitions of monotremal and human hemoglobin
JF  - Biophysical Journal. 91 (2006), H. 8
Y1  - 2006
SN  - 1542-0086
SP  - 3014
EP  - 3021
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Albracht, Kirsten
A1  - Arampatzis, Adamantios
T1  - Influence of the mechanical properties of the muscle-tendon unit on force generation in runners with different running economy
JF  - Biological Cybernetics
Y1  - 2006
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00422-006-0070-z
SN  - 1432-0770
VL  - 95
IS  - 1
SP  - 87
EP  - 96
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Loeb, Horst W.
A1  - Schartner, Karl-Heinz
A1  - Seboldt, Wolfgang
A1  - Dachwald, Bernd
A1  - Streppel, Joern
A1  - Meusemann, Hans
A1  - Schülke, Peter
T1  - SEP for a lander mission to the jovian moon europa
T2  - 57th International Astronautical Congress
N2  - Under DLR-contract, Giessen University and DLR Cologne are studying solar-electric propulsion missions (SEP) to the outer regions of the solar system. The most challenging reference mission concerns the transport of a 1.35-tons chemical lander spacecraft into an 80-RJ circular orbit around Jupiter, which would enable to place a 375 kg lander with 50 kg of scientific instruments on the surface of the icy moon "Europa". Thorough analyses show that the best solution in terms of SEP launch mass times thrusting time would be a two-stage EP module and a triple-junction solar array with concentrators which would be deployed step by step. Mission performance optimizations suggest to propel the spacecraft in the first EP stage by 6 gridded ion thrusters, running at 4.0 kV of beam voltage, which would save launch mass, and in the second stage by 4 thrusters with 1.25 to 1.5 kV of positive high voltage saving thrusting time. In this way, the launch mass of the spacecraft would be kept within 5.3 tons. Without a launcher's C3 and interplanetary gravity assists, Jupiter might be reached within about 4 yrs. The spiraling-down into the parking orbit would need another 1.8 yrs. This "large mission" can be scaled down to a smaller one, e.g., by halving all masses, the solar array power, and the number of thrusters. Due to their reliability, long lifetime and easy control, RIT-22 engines have been chosen for mission analysis. Based on precise tests, the thruster performance has been modeled.
Y1  - 2006
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.IAC-06-C4.4.04
N1  - 57th International Astronautical Congress, 02 October 2006 - 06 October 2006, Valencia, Spain.
SP  - 1
EP  - 12
ER  -