TY  - JOUR
A1  - Hardt, Arno
A1  - Martin, S.
A1  - Meißburger, J.
A1  - Retz, R.
A1  - Wimmer, J.
T1  - The cryopump system of the QQDDQ magnet spectrometer BIG KARL
JF  - Vacuum
N2  - Cryopumps without liquid nitrogen shielding are used to provide a vacuum of 10−6 torr in the spectrometer. The vacuum system is subdivided in three sections that can be separated by valves.

The first section (scattering chamber) has a volume of 60 l, two rotation transmissions with 35 cm dia and a sliding seal that allows a rotation of 160° without deteriorating the vacuum. The second section includes the vacuum chambers inside the magnets with 6 × 80 cm cross-section and a length of 1200 cm. The third section (detector box) has a volume of 4300 l and contains a moveable detector system. The gas inside the detector with a pressure of 760 torr is separated from the vacuum by a 15 μm mylar foil with an area of 300 cm2. The detector box can be valved off by a valve with the dimension of 10 × 100 cm.

The layout of system is given. The instrumentation and the interlock system are described. First experiences with this system are presented.
Y1  - 1978
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0042-207X(78)80026-8
SN  - 1879-2715 (E-Journal); 0042-207X (Print)
VL  - 28
IS  - 10-11
SP  - 483
PB  - Elsevier
CY  - Amsterdam
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Bechstedt, U.
A1  - Berg, Georg P. A.
A1  - Hacker, U.
A1  - Hardt, Arno
A1  - Hürlimann, W.
A1  - Maier, R.
A1  - Martin, S.
A1  - Meissburger, J.
A1  - Römer, J. G. M.
A1  - Possen, P. von
A1  - Sagefka, T.
T1  - BIG KARL and COSY
T2  - The art and science of magnet design. A Festschrift in honor of Klaus Halbach. Vol. 1
Y1  - 1995
SP  - 19
EP  - 28
PB  - Lawrence Berkeley Lab., Univ. of California
CY  - Berkeley, CA.
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Martin, S.
A1  - Berg, G.
A1  - Hardt, Arno
A1  - Hürlimann, W.
A1  - Köhler, M.
A1  - Meißberger, J.
A1  - Sagefka, T.
A1  - Schult, O. W. B.
ED  - Sanderson, N. E.
T1  - First experience with the magnet spectrometer 'BIG KARL'
T2  - Use of magnetic spectrometers in nuclear physics : proceedings of the Daresbury study weekend 10 - 11 March 1979
Y1  - 1979
SP  - 38
EP  - 42
PB  - Daresbury Lab.
CY  - Daresbury
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Berg, G. P. A.
A1  - Demarteau, M.
A1  - Hardt, Arno
A1  - Hürlimann, W.
A1  - Martin, S. A.
A1  - Meissburger, J.
A1  - Oelert, W.
A1  - Seyfart, H.
A1  - Styczen, B.
A1  - Köhler, M.
A1  - Oelrich, I.
A1  - Scheerer, J.
T1  - High resolution spectroscopy of 102Ru(d, p)103Ru and 104Ru(p, d)103Ru reactions
JF  - Nuclear Physics A. Vol. 379, iss. 1
Y1  - 1982
SN  - 1873-1554 (E-Journal); 0375-9474 (Print)
SP  - 93
EP  - 109
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Martin, Siegfried A.
A1  - Hardt, Arno
A1  - Meissburger, Jürgen
A1  - Berg, Georg P. A.
A1  - Hacker, Ulrich
A1  - Hürlimann, Werner
A1  - Römer, Josef G. M.
A1  - Sagefka, Thomas
A1  - Retz, Adolf
A1  - Schult, Otto W. B.
T1  - The QQDDQ magnet spectrometer “BIG KARL”
JF  - Nuclear instruments and methods in physics research. Vol. 214, iss. 2-3
Y1  - 1983
SN  - 0029-554x (E-Journal); 1872-9606 (E-Journal); 0167-5087 (Print)
SP  - 281
EP  - 303
ER  - 
TY  - BOOK
A1  - Berg, G.
A1  - Gaul, G.
A1  - Hagedoorn, H.
A1  - Hardt, Arno
A1  - Heide, J. A. van der
A1  - Hinterberger, F.
A1  - Huber, Max
A1  - Jahn, R.
A1  - Martin, S.
A1  - Mayer-Kuckuk, T.
A1  - Osterfeld, F.
A1  - Paetz gen. Schieck, H.
A1  - Prasuhn, D.
A1  - Riepe, G.
A1  - Rogge, M.
A1  - Rossen, P. von
A1  - Schult, O. W. B.
A1  - Speth, J.
A1  - Turek, P.
T1  - Studie zum Bau eines kombinierten Kühler-Synchrotron-Rings an der KFA Jülich: COSY-Studie. Spezielle Berichte der Kernforschungsanlage Jülich. Nr. 0242. Jül-Spez-242
Y1  - 1984
PB  - Kernforschungsanlage
CY  - Jülich
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Martin, S. A.
A1  - Berg, G. P. A.
A1  - Hacker, U.
A1  - Hardt, Arno
A1  - Köhler, M.
A1  - Meißburger, J.
A1  - Osterfeld, F.
A1  - Prasuhn, D.
A1  - Riepe, G.
A1  - Rogge, M.
A1  - Schult, O. W. B.
A1  - Speth, J.
A1  - Turek, P.
A1  - Gaul, G.
A1  - Hagedoorn, H.
A1  - Heide, J. A. van der
A1  - Hinterberger, F.
A1  - Huber, M.
A1  - Jahn, R.
A1  - Mayer-Kuckuk, T.
A1  - Poth, H.
A1  - Paetz gen. Schieck, H.
T1  - COSY - a cooler synchrotron and storage ring
JF  - IEEE transactions on nuclear science. Vol. 32, iss. 5
Y1  - 1985
SN  - 1558-1578 (E-Journal); 0018-9499 (Print)
SP  - 2694
EP  - 2696
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Bechstedt, U.
A1  - Haas, H.
A1  - Hacker, U.
A1  - Hardt, Arno
A1  - Henn, K.
A1  - Martin, S.
A1  - Wimmer, J.
T1  - Magnets for the German Spallation Source SNQ
JF  - IEEE transactions on nuclear science. Vol. 32, iss. 5
Y1  - 1985
SN  - 1558-1578 (E-Journal); 0018-9499 (Print)
SP  - 3631
EP  - 3633
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Makovicka, C.
A1  - Gärtner, G.
A1  - Hardt, Arno
A1  - Hermann, W.
A1  - Wiechert, D. U.
T1  - Impregnated cathode surface investigations by SFM/STM and SEM/EDX
JF  - Applied surface science. Vol. 111
Y1  - 1997
SN  - 1873-5584 (E-Journal); 0169-4332 (Print)
SP  - 70
EP  - 75
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Schult, O. W. B.
A1  - Sistemich, K.
A1  - Hardt, Arno
T1  - Plans for investigations of subthreshold K+ production in p+A collisions / O. W. B. Schult [u.a.]
JF  - Nuclear Physics A. Vol. 583
Y1  - 1995
SN  - 1873-1554 (E-journal); 0375-9474 (Print)
SP  - 629
EP  - 632
ER  -