TY - CHAP A1 - Czarnecki, Christian A1 - Fettke, Peter ED - Czarnecki, Christian ED - Fettke, Peter T1 - Robotic process automation : Positioning, structuring, and framing the work T2 - Robotic process automation : Management, technology, applications N2 - Robotic process automation (RPA) has attracted increasing attention in research and practice. This chapter positions, structures, and frames the topic as an introduction to this book. RPA is understood as a broad concept that comprises a variety of concrete solutions. From a management perspective RPA offers an innovative approach for realizing automation potentials, whereas from a technical perspective the implementation based on software products and the impact of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) are relevant. RPA is industry-independent and can be used, for example, in finance, telecommunications, and the public sector. With respect to RPA this chapter discusses definitions, related approaches, a structuring framework, a research framework, and an inside as well as outside architectural view. Furthermore, it provides an overview of the book combined with short summaries of each chapter. KW - Robotic process automation KW - management KW - technology KW - applications KW - research framework Y1 - 2021 SN - 978-3-11-067668-6 (Print) SN - 978-3-11-067669-3 (PDF) SN - 978-3-11-067677-8 (ePub) U6 - https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110676693-202 SP - 3 EP - 24 PB - De Gruyter CY - Oldenbourg ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Czarnecki, Christian A1 - Hong, Chin-Gi A1 - Schmitz, Manfred A1 - Dietze, Christian ED - Urbach, Nils ED - Röglinger, Maximilian ED - Kautz, Karlheinz ED - Alias, Rose Alinda ED - Saunders, Carol ED - Wiener, Martin T1 - Enabling digital transformation through cognitive robotic process automation at Deutsche Telekom Services Europe T2 - Digitalization Cases Vol. 2 : Mastering digital transformation for global business N2 - Subject of this case is Deutsche Telekom Services Europe (DTSE), a service center for administrative processes. Due to the high volume of repetitive tasks (e.g., 100k manual uploads of offer documents into SAP per year), automation was identified as an important strategic target with a high management attention and commitment. DTSE has to work with various backend application systems without any possibility to change those systems. Furthermore, the complexity of administrative processes differed. When it comes to the transfer of unstructured data (e.g., offer documents) to structured data (e.g., MS Excel files), further cognitive technologies were needed. Y1 - 2021 SN - 978-3-030-80002-4 (Print) SN - 978-3-030-80003-1 (Online) U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-80003-1 SP - 123 EP - 138 PB - Springer CY - Cham ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Dachwald, Bernd T1 - Solar sail dynamics and control T2 - Encyclopedia of Aerospace Engineering N2 - Solar sails are large and lightweight reflective structures that are propelled by solar radiation pressure. This chapter covers their orbital and attitude dynamics and control. First, the advantages and limitations of solar sails are discussed and their history and development status is outlined. Because the dynamics of solar sails is governed by the (thermo-)optical properties of the sail film, the basic solar radiation pressure force models have to be described and compared before parameters to measure solar sail performance can be defined. The next part covers the orbital dynamics of solar sails for heliocentric motion, planetocentric motion, and motion at Lagrangian equilibrium points. Afterwards, some advanced solar radiation pressure force models are described, which allow to quantify the thrust force on solar sails of arbitrary shape, the effects of temperature, of light incidence angle, of surface roughness, and the effects of optical degradation of the sail film in the space environment. The orbital motion of a solar sail is strongly coupled to its rotational motion, so that the attitude control of these soft and flexible structures is very challenging, especially for planetocentric orbits that require fast attitude maneuvers. Finally, some potential attitude control methods are sketched and selection criteria are given. KW - solar sail KW - sailcraft KW - orbital dynamics KW - orbit control KW - attitude dynamics Y1 - 2010 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/9780470686652.eae292 PB - Wiley CY - Hoboken ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Dachwald, Bernd ED - Knopf, George K. ED - Otani, Yukitoshi T1 - Light propulsion systems for spacecraft T2 - Optical nano and micro actuator technology Y1 - 2017 SN - 9781315217628 (eBook) SP - 577 EP - 598 PB - CRC Press CY - Boca Raton ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Dachwald, Bernd A1 - Boehnhardt, Herrmann A1 - Broj, Ulrich A1 - Geppert, Ulrich R. M. E. A1 - Grundmann, Jan-Thimo A1 - Seboldt, Wolfgang A1 - Seefeldt, Patric A1 - Spietz, Peter A1 - Johnson, Les A1 - Kührt, Ekkehard A1 - Mottola, Stefano A1 - Macdonald, Malcolm A1 - McInnes, Colin R. A1 - Vasile, Massimiliano A1 - Reinhard, Ruedeger T1 - Gossamer roadmap technology reference study for a multiple NEO Rendezvous Mission T2 - Advances in solar sailing N2 - A technology reference study for a multiple near-Earth object (NEO) rendezvous mission with solar sailcraft is currently carried out by the authors of this paper. The investigated mission builds on previous concepts, but adopts a strong micro-spacecraft philosophy based on the DLR/ESA Gossamer technology. The main scientific objective of the mission is to explore the diversity of NEOs. After direct interplanetary insertion, the solar sailcraft should—within less than 10 years—rendezvous three NEOs that are not only scientifically interesting, but also from the point of human spaceight and planetary defense. In this paper, the objectives of the study are outlined and a preliminary potential mission profile is presented. Y1 - 2014 SN - 978-3-642-34906-5 (Print) ; 978-3-642-34907-2 (E-Book) SP - 211 EP - 226 PB - Springer CY - Berlin [u.a.] ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Dachwald, Bernd A1 - Ohndorf, Andreas T1 - Global optimization of continuous-thrust trajectories using evolutionary neurocontrol T2 - Modeling and Optimization in Space Engineering N2 - Searching optimal continuous-thrust trajectories is usually a difficult and time-consuming task. The solution quality of traditional optimal-control methods depends strongly on an adequate initial guess because the solution is typically close to the initial guess, which may be far from the (unknown) global optimum. Evolutionary neurocontrol attacks continuous-thrust optimization problems from the perspective of artificial intelligence and machine learning, combining artificial neural networks and evolutionary algorithms. This chapter describes the method and shows some example results for single- and multi-phase continuous-thrust trajectory optimization problems to assess its performance. Evolutionary neurocontrol can explore the trajectory search space more exhaustively than a human expert can do with traditional optimal-control methods. Especially for difficult problems, it usually finds solutions that are closer to the global optimum. Another fundamental advantage is that continuous-thrust trajectories can be optimized without an initial guess and without expert supervision. Y1 - 2019 SN - 978-3-030-10501-3 SN - 978-3-030-10500-6 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-10501-3_2 N1 - Springer Optimization and Its Applications, vol 144 gedruckt unter der Signatur 21 ZSS 46 in der Bereichsbibliothek Eupener Str. vorhanden SP - 33 EP - 57 PB - Springer CY - Cham ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Dachwald, Bernd A1 - Ulamec, Stephan A1 - Biele, Jens T1 - Clean in situ subsurface exploration of icy environments in the solar system T2 - Habitability of other planets and satellites. - (Cellular origin, life in extreme habitats and astrobiology ; 28) N2 - "To assess the habitability of the icy environments in the solar system, for example, on Mars, Europa, and Enceladus, the scientific analysis of material embedded in or underneath their ice layers is very important. We consider self-steering robotic ice melting probes to be the best method to cleanly access these environments, that is, in compliance with planetary protection standards. The required technologies are currently developed and tested." Y1 - 2013 SN - 978-94-007-6545-0 (Druckausgabe) SN - 978-94-007-6546-7 (E-Book) SP - 367 EP - 397 PB - Springer CY - Dordrecht ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Dachwald, Bernd A1 - Ulamec, Stephan A1 - Kowalski, Julia A1 - Boxberg, Marc S. A1 - Baader, Fabian A1 - Biele, Jens A1 - Kömle, Norbert ED - Badescu, Viorel ED - Zacny, Kris ED - Bar-Cohen, Yoseph T1 - Ice melting probes T2 - Handbook of Space Resources N2 - The exploration of icy environments in the solar system, such as the poles of Mars and the icy moons (a.k.a. ocean worlds), is a key aspect for understanding their astrobiological potential as well as for extraterrestrial resource inspection. On these worlds, ice melting probes are considered to be well suited for the robotic clean execution of such missions. In this chapter, we describe ice melting probes and their applications, the physics of ice melting and how the melting behavior can be modeled and simulated numerically, the challenges for ice melting, and the required key technologies to deal with those challenges. We also give an overview of existing ice melting probes and report some results and lessons learned from laboratory and field tests. KW - Ice melting probe KW - Ice penetration KW - Icy moons KW - Ocean worlds KW - Mars Y1 - 2023 SN - 978-3-030-97912-6 (Print) SN - 978-3-030-97913-3 (Online) U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-97913-3_29 SP - 955 EP - 996 PB - Springer CY - Cham ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Diekmann, Julian A1 - Eggert, Mathias T1 - Is a Progressive Web App an Alternative for Native App Development? T2 - 3. Wissenschaftsforum: Digitale Transformation (WiFo21) (Lecture Notes in Informatics ; P-319) N2 - The existence of several mobile operating systems, such as Android and iOS, is a challenge for developers because the individual platforms are not compatible with each other and require separate app developments. For this reason, cross-platform approaches have become popular but lack in cloning the native behavior of the different operating systems. Out of the plenty cross-platform approaches, the progressive web app (PWA) approach is perceived as promising but needs further investigation. Therefore, the paper at hand aims at investigating whether PWAs are a suitable alternative for native apps by developing a PWA clone of an existing app. Two surveys are conducted in which potential users test and evaluate the PWA prototype with regard to its usability. The survey results indicate that PWAs have great potential, but cannot be treated as a general alternative to native apps. For guiding developers when and how to use PWAs, four design guidelines for the development of PWA-based apps are derived based on the results. KW - Progressive Web App KW - PWA KW - Cross-platform KW - Evaluation KW - Mobile web Y1 - 2021 SN - 978-3-88579-713-5 SP - 35 EP - 48 PB - Gesellschaft für Informatik CY - Darmstadt ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Digel, Ilya A1 - Akimbekov, Nuraly S. A1 - Kistaubayeva, Aida A1 - Zhubanova, Azhar A. ED - Artmann, Gerhard ED - Temiz Artmann, Aysegül ED - Zhubanova, Azhar A. ED - Digel, Ilya T1 - Microbial Sampling from Dry Surfaces: Current Challenges and Solutions T2 - Biological, Physical and Technical Basics of Cell Engineering N2 - Sampling of dry surfaces for microorganisms is a main component of microbiological safety and is of critical importance in many fields including epidemiology, astrobiology as well as numerous branches of medical and food manufacturing. Aspects of biofilm formation, analysis and removal in aqueous solutions have been thoroughly discussed in literature. In contrast, microbial communities on air-exposed (dry) surfaces have received significantly less attention. Diverse surface sampling methods have been developed in order to address various surfaces and microbial groups, but they notoriously show poor repeatability, low recovery rates and suffer from lack of mutual consistency. Quantitative sampling for viable microorganisms represents a particular challenge, especially on porous and irregular surfaces. Therefore, it is essential to examine in depth the factors involved in microorganisms’ recovery efficiency and accuracy depending on the sampling technique used. Microbial colonization, retention and community composition on different dry surfaces are very complex and rely on numerous physicochemical and biological factors. This study is devoted to analyze and review the (a) physical phenomena and intermolecular forces relevant for microbiological surface sampling; (b) challenges and problems faced by existing sampling methods for viable microorganisms and (c) current directions of engineering and research aimed at improvement of quality and efficiency of microbiological surface sampling. KW - Sampling methods KW - Surface microorganisms KW - Dry surfaces KW - Microbial adhesion KW - Swabbing Y1 - 2018 SN - 978-981-10-7904-7 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-7904-7_19 SP - 421 EP - 456 PB - Springer CY - Singapore ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Digel, Ilya A1 - Mansurov, Zulkhair A1 - Biisenbaev, Makhmut A1 - Savitskaya, Irina A1 - Kistaubaeva, Aida A1 - Akimbekov, Nuraly S. A1 - Zhubanova, Azhar ED - Hu, Ning T1 - Heterogeneous Composites on the Basis of Microbial Cells and Nanostructured Carbonized Sorbents T2 - Composites and Their Applications N2 - The fact that microorganisms prefer to grow on liquid/solid phase surfaces rather than in the surrounding aqueous phase was noticed long time ago [1]. Virtually any surface – animal, mineral, or vegetable – is a subject for microbial colonization and subsequent biofilm formation. It would be adequate to name just a few notorious examples on microbial colonization of contact lenses, ship hulls, petroleum pipelines, rocks in streams and all kinds of biomedical implants. The propensity of microorganisms to become surface-bound is so profound and ubiquitous that it vindicates the advantages for attached forms over their free-ranging counterparts [2]. Indeed, from ecological and evolutionary standpoints, for many microorganisms the surface-bound state means dwelling in nutritionally favorable, non-hostile environments [3]. Therefore, in most of natural and artificial ecosystems surface-associated microorganisms vastly outnumber organisms in suspension and often organize into complex communities with features that differ dramatically from those of free cells [4]. Y1 - 2012 SN - 978-953-51-0706-4 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5772/47796 SP - 249 EP - 272 PB - Intech CY - London ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Digel, Ilya A1 - Sadykov, R. A1 - Temiz Artmann, Aysegül A1 - Artmann, Gerhard T1 - Changes in intestinal microflora in rats induced by oral exposure to low lead (II) concentrations T2 - Lead Exposure and Poisoning: Clinical Symptoms, Medical Management and Preventive Strategies Y1 - 2015 SN - 9781634826990 SP - 75 EP - 99 PB - Nova Science Publ. ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Dikta, Gerhard T1 - Fundamentals of applied probability and basic statistics T2 - Critical care nephrology / [Hrsg.:] Claudio Ronco and Rinaldo Bellomo Y1 - 1998 SN - 978-94-010-6306-7 SP - 51 EP - 61 PB - Springer CY - Dordrecht ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Drumm, Christian A1 - Lemcke, Jens A1 - Oberle, Daniel T1 - Business Process Management And Semantic Technologies T2 - The Semantic Web Y1 - 2007 SN - 978-0-387-48531-7 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-48531-7_10 SP - 207 EP - 239 PB - Springer CY - Boston, MA ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Duong, Minh Tuan A1 - Nguyen, Nhu Huynh A1 - Staat, Manfred T1 - Physical response of hyperelastic models for composite materials and soft tissues T2 - Advances in Composite Material Y1 - 2017 SN - 978-1-61896-300-0 (Hardcover), 978-1-61896-299-7 (Paperback) N1 - Chapter 5 PB - Scientific Research Publishing CY - Wuhan ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Duong, Minh Tuan A1 - Seifarth, Volker A1 - Temiz Artmann, Aysegül A1 - Artmann, Gerhard A1 - Staat, Manfred ED - Artmann, Gerhard ED - Temiz Artmann, Aysegül ED - Zhubanova, Azhar A. ED - Digel, Ilya T1 - Growth Modelling Promoting Mechanical Stimulation of Smooth Muscle Cells of Porcine Tubular Organs in a Fibrin-PVDF Scaffold T2 - Biological, Physical and Technical Basics of Cell Engineering N2 - Reconstructive surgery and tissue replacements like ureters or bladders reconstruction have been recently studied, taking into account growth and remodelling of cells since living cells are capable of growing, adapting, remodelling or degrading and restoring in order to deform and respond to stimuli. Hence, shapes of ureters or bladders and their microstructure change during growth and these changes strongly depend on external stimuli such as training. We present the mechanical stimulation of smooth muscle cells in a tubular fibrin-PVDFA scaffold and the modelling of the growth of tissue by stimuli. To this end, mechanotransduction was performed with a kyphoplasty balloon catheter that was guided through the lumen of the tubular structure. The bursting pressure was examined to compare the stability of the incubated tissue constructs. The results showed the significant changes on tissues with training by increasing the burst pressure as a characteristic mechanical property and the smooth muscle cells were more oriented with uniformly higher density. Besides, the computational growth models also exhibited the accurate tendencies of growth of the cells under different external stimuli. Such models may lead to design standards for the better layered tissue structure in reconstructing of tubular organs characterized as composite materials such as intestines, ureters and arteries. KW - Mechanical simulation KW - Growth modelling KW - Ureter KW - Bladder KW - Reconstruction Y1 - 2018 SN - 978-981-10-7904-7 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-7904-7_9 SP - 209 EP - 232 PB - Springer CY - Singapore ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Duwe, A. A1 - Tippkötter, Nils A1 - Ulber, Roland T1 - Lignocellulose-Biorefinery: Ethanol-Focused T2 - Biorefineries N2 - The development prospects of the world markets for petroleum and other liquid fuels are diverse and partly contradictory. However, comprehensive changes for the energy supply of the future are essential. Notwithstanding the fact that there are still very large deposits of energy resources from a geological point of view, the finite nature of conventional oil reserves is indisputable. To reduce our dependence on oil, the EU, the USA, and other major economic zones rely on energy diversification. For this purpose, alternative materials and technologies are being sought, and is most obvious in the transport sector. The objective is to progressively replace fossil fuels with renewable and more sustainable fuels. In this respect, biofuels have a pre-eminent position in terms of their capability of blending with fossil fuels and being usable in existing cars without substantial modification. Ethanol can be considered as the primary renewable liquid fuel. In this chapter enzymes, micro-organisms, and processes for ethanol production based on renewable resources are described. KW - Bioethanol KW - Biorefinery KW - Lignocellulose feedstook Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/10_2016_72 N1 - Part of the Advances in Biochemical Engineering/Biotechnology book series (ABE,volume 166) SP - 177 EP - 215 PB - Springer CY - Cham ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Eggert, Mathias T1 - Big Data Research - How to Structure the Changes of the Past Decade? T2 - The Art of Structuring N2 - In the past decade, many IS researchers focused on researching the phenomenon of Big Data. At the same time, the relevance of data protection gets more attention than ever before. In particular, since the enactment of the European General Data Protection Regulation in May 2018 Information Systems research should provide answers for protecting personal data. The article at hand presents a structuring framework for Big Data research outcome and the consideration of data protection. IS Researchers might use the framework in order to structure Big Data literature and to identify research gaps that should be addressed in the future. Y1 - 2019 SN - 978-3-030-06234-7 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-06234-7_26 SP - 271 EP - 281 PB - Springer CY - Cham ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Eggert, Mathias A1 - Zähl, Philipp M. A1 - Wolf, Martin R. A1 - Haase, Martin ED - Cooper, Kendra M.L. ED - Bucchiarone, Antonio T1 - Applying leaderboards for quality improvement in software development projects T2 - Software Engineering for Games in Serious Contexts N2 - Software development projects often fail because of insufficient code quality. It is now well documented that the task of testing software, for example, is perceived as uninteresting and rather boring, leading to poor software quality and major challenges to software development companies. One promising approach to increase the motivation for considering software quality is the use of gamification. Initial research works already investigated the effects of gamification on software developers and come to promising. Nevertheless, a lack of results from field experiments exists, which motivates the chapter at hand. By conducting a gamification experiment with five student software projects and by interviewing the project members, the chapter provides insights into the changing programming behavior of information systems students when confronted with a leaderboard. The results reveal a motivational effect as well as a reduction of code smells. KW - Leaderboard KW - Gamification KW - Software testing KW - Software development Y1 - 2023 SN - 978-3-031-33337-8 (Print) SN - 978-3-031-33338-5 (Online) U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-33338-5_11 SP - 243 EP - 263 PB - Springer CY - Cham ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Engelmann, Ulrich M. A1 - Shasha, Carolyn A1 - Slabu, Ioana T1 - Magnetic nanoparticle relaxation in biomedical application: focus on simulating nanoparticle heating T2 - Magnetic nanoparticles in human health and medicine Y1 - 2021 SN - 978-1-119-75467-1 SP - 327 EP - 354 PB - Wiley-Blackwell CY - Hoboken, New Jeersey ER -