TY  - JOUR
A1  - Baroud, G.
A1  - Wu, J.Z.
A1  - Bohner, M
A1  - Sponagel, Stefan
A1  - Steffen, T.
T1  - How to determine the permeability for cement infiltration into osteoporotic cancellous bone
JF  - Medical Engineering & Physics. 25 (2003), H. 4
N2  - Cement augmentation is an emerging surgical procedure in which bone cement is used to infiltrate and reinforce osteoporotic vertebrae. Although this infiltration procedure has been widely applied, it is performed empirically and little is known about the flow characteristics of cement during the injection process. We present a theoretical and experimental approach to investigate the intertrabecular bone permeability during the infiltration procedure. The cement permeability was considered to be dependent on time, bone porosity, and cement viscosity in our analysis. In order to determine the time-dependent permeability, ten cancellous bone cores were harvested from osteoporotic vertebrae, infiltrated with acrylic cement at a constant flow rate, and the pressure drop across the cores during the infiltration was measured. The viscosity dependence of the permeability was determined based on published experimental data. The theoretical model for the permeability as a function of bone porosity and time was then fit to the testing data. Our findings suggest that the intertrabecular bone permeability depends strongly on time. For instance, the initial permeability (60.89 mm4/N.s) reduced to approximately 63% of its original value within 18 seconds. This study is the first to analyze cement flow through osteoporotic bone. The theoretical and experimental models provided in this paper are generic. Thus, they can be used to systematically study and optimize the infiltration process for clinical practice.
KW  - Osteoporose
KW  - Permeabilität
KW  - Viskose Strömung
KW  - Viskosität
KW  - Vertebroplastie
KW  - Cement infiltration
KW  - Vertebroplasty
KW  - Osteoporosis
KW  - Permeability
KW  - Experiment
KW  - Analysis
KW  - Viscous flow
Y1  - 2003
SN  - 1350-4533
SP  - 283
EP  - 288
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Bassam, Rasha
A1  - Artmann, Gerhard
A1  - Hescheler, Jürgen
A1  - Graef, T.
A1  - Temiz Artmann, Aysegül
A1  - Porst, Dariusz
A1  - Linder, Peter
A1  - Kayser, Peter
A1  - Arinkin, Vladimir
A1  - Gossmann, Matthias
A1  - Digel, Ilya
T1  - Alterations in human hemoglobin structure related to red blood cell storage
N2  - The importance of the availability of stored blood or blood cells, respectively, for urgent transfusion cannot be overestimated. Nowadays, blood storage becomes even more important since blood products are used for epidemiological studies, bio-technical research or banked for transfusion purposes. Thus blood samples must not only be processed, stored, and shipped to preserve their efficacy and safety, but also all parameters of storage must be recorded and reported for Quality Assurance. Therefore, blood banks and clinical research facilities are seeking more accurate, automated means for blood storage and blood processing.
KW  - Hämoglobin
KW  - Hämoglobinstruktur
KW  - Blutzellenlagerung
KW  - Hemoglobin structure
KW  - Red blood cell storage
Y1  - 2011
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Bassam, Rasha
A1  - Digel, Ilya
A1  - Artmann, Gerhard
T1  - Effect of nitric oxide on protein thermal stability : [abstract]
N2  - As a deduction from these results, we can conclude that proteins mainly in vitro, denaturate totally at a temperature between 57°C -62°C, and they also affected by NO and different ions types. In which mainly, NO cause earlier protein denaturation, which means that, NO has a destabilizing effect on proteins, and also different ions will alter the protein denaturation in which, some ions will cause earlier protein denaturation while others not.
KW  - Stickstoffmonoxid
KW  - Proteine
KW  - Hämoglobin
KW  - nitric oxide gas
KW  - protein
KW  - hemoglobin
Y1  - 2009
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Bhattarai, Aroj
A1  - Frotscher, Ralf
A1  - Sora, M.-C.
A1  - Staat, Manfred
ED  - Onate, E.
T1  - A 3D finite element model of the female pelvic floor for the reconstruction of urinary incontinence
T2  - 11th World Congress on Computational Mechanics (WCCM XI) ; 5th European Conference on Computational Mechanics (ECCM V) ; 6th European Conference on Computational Fluid Dynamics (ECFD VI) ; July 20-25, 2014, Barcelona
Y1  - 2014
SP  - 1
EP  - 12
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Bogoyavlenskiy, A. P.
A1  - Digel, Ilya
A1  - Berezin, V. E.
T1  - Assessment of dot-blot ELISA sensitivity on membrane sorbent using various peroxidase substrates
N2  - The sensitivity of the peroxidase reaction in dot-blot ELISA significantly depends on the substrate. The highest sensitivity is observed using benzidine and diamine- phenol combinations as the substrates due to the reaction of the coupled oxidation (NADI)
KW  - Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
KW  - Peroxidase
KW  - ELISA
KW  - phenols
KW  - naphtols
KW  - aromatic amines
Y1  - 1997
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Bornheim, Tobias
A1  - Grieger, Niklas
A1  - Blaneck, Patrick Gustav
A1  - Bialonski, Stephan
T1  - Speaker Attribution in German Parliamentary Debates with QLoRA-adapted Large Language Models
JF  - Journal for language technology and computational linguistics : JLCL
N2  - The growing body of political texts opens up new opportunities for rich insights into political dynamics and ideologies but also increases the workload for manual analysis. Automated speaker attribution, which detects who said what to whom in a speech event and is closely related to semantic role labeling, is an important processing step for computational text analysis. We study the potential of the large language model family Llama 2 to automate speaker attribution in German parliamentary debates from 2017-2021. We fine-tune Llama 2 with QLoRA, an efficient training strategy, and observe our approach to achieve competitive performance in the GermEval 2023 Shared Task On Speaker Attribution in German News Articles and Parliamentary Debates. Our results shed light on the capabilities of large language models in automating speaker attribution, revealing a promising avenue for computational analysis of political discourse and the development of semantic role labeling systems.
KW  - large language models
KW  - German
KW  - speaker attribution
KW  - semantic role labeling
Y1  - 2024
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.21248/jlcl.37.2024.244
SN  - 2190-6858
VL  - 37
IS  - 1
PB  - Gesellschaft für Sprachtechnologie und Computerlinguistik
CY  - Regensburg
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Bukhari, Syed Faisal Ahmed
A1  - Yang, Wuqiang
T1  - Multi-interface level sensors and new development in monitoring and control of oil separators
N2  - In the oil industry, huge saving may be made if suitable multi-interface level measurement systems are employed for effectively monitoring crude oil separators and efficient control of their operation. A number of techniques, e.g. externally mounted displacers, differential pressure transmitters and capacitance rod devices, have been developed to measure the separation process with gas, oil, water and other components. Because of the unavailability of suitable multi-interface level measurement systems, oil separators are currently operated by the trial-and-error approach. In this paper some conventional techniques, which have been used for level measurement in industry, and new development are discussed.
KW  - Biosensor
KW  - Level sensor
KW  - multi-interface measurement
KW  - electrical capacitance tomography
KW  - ECT
Y1  - 2006
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:hbz:a96-opus-1498
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Burgazzi, L.
A1  - Fiorini, F.
A1  - De Magistris, W. (u.a.)
A1  - Lensa, W. von
A1  - Staat, Manfred
A1  - Altes, J.
T1  - Reliability Assessment of Passive Safety Systems
T2  - Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering : ICONE : May 10 - 14, 1998, San Diego, Calif.
Y1  - 1998
N1  - CD-ROM
PB  - American Society of Mechanical Engineers
CY  - New York
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Chaiyboun, Ali
A1  - Traute, Rüdiger
A1  - Kiesewetter, Olaf
A1  - Ahlers, Simon
A1  - Müller, Gerhard
A1  - Doll, Theodor
T1  - Modular analytical multicomponent analysis in gas sensor arrays
N2  - A multi-sensor system is a chemical sensor system which quantitatively and qualitatively records gases with a combination of cross-sensitive gas sensor arrays and pattern recognition software. This paper addresses the issue of data analysis for identification of gases in a gas sensor array. We introduce a software tool for gas sensor array configuration and simulation. It concerns thereby about a modular software package for the acquisition of data of different sensors. A signal evaluation algorithm referred to as matrix method was used specifically for the software tool. This matrix method computes the gas concentrations from the signals of a sensor array. The software tool was used for the simulation of an array of five sensors to determine gas concentration of CH4, NH3, H2, CO and C2H5OH. The results of the present simulated sensor array indicate that the software tool is capable of the following: (a) identify a gas independently of its concentration; (b) estimate the concentration of the gas, even if the system was not previously exposed to this concentration; (c) tell when a gas concentration exceeds a certain value. A gas sensor data base was build for the configuration of the software. With the data base one can create, generate and manage scenarios and source files for the simulation. With the gas sensor data base and the simulation software an on-line Web-based version was developed, with which the user can configure and simulate sensor arrays on-line.
KW  - Biosensor
KW  - Main sensitivity
KW  - cross sensitivity
KW  - matrix method
KW  - gas sensor array
KW  - modelling
Y1  - 2006
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:hbz:a96-opus-1358
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Dachwald, Bernd
A1  - Xu, Changsheng
A1  - Feldmann, Marco
A1  - Plescher, Engelbert
A1  - Digel, Ilya
A1  - Artmann, Gerhard
T1  - Development and testing of a subsurface probe for detection of life in deep ice : [abstract]
N2  - We present the novel concept of a combined drilling and melting probe for subsurface ice research. This probe, named “IceMole”, is currently developed, built, and tested at the FH Aachen University of Applied Sciences’ Astronautical Laboratory. Here, we describe its first prototype design and report the results of its field tests on the Swiss Morteratsch glacier. Although the IceMole design is currently adapted to terrestrial glaciers and ice shields, it may later be modified for the subsurface in-situ investigation of extraterrestrial ice, e.g., on Mars, Europa, and Enceladus. If life exists on those bodies, it may be present in the ice (as life can also be found in the deep ice of Earth).
KW  - Eisschicht
KW  - Sonde
KW  - subsurface probe
KW  - subsurface ice research
Y1  - 2011
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Digel, Ilya
A1  - Akimbekov, Nuraly
A1  - Rogachev, Evgeniy
A1  - Pogorelova, Natalia
T1  - Bacterial cellulose produced by Medusomyces gisevii on glucose and sucrose: biosynthesis and structural properties
JF  - Cellulose
N2  - In this work, the effects of carbon sources and culture media on the production and structural properties of bacterial cellulose (BC) synthesized by Medusomyces gisevii have been studied. The culture medium was composed of different initial concentrations of glucose or sucrose dissolved in 0.4% extract of plain green tea. Parameters of the culture media (titratable acidity, substrate conversion degree etc.) were monitored daily for 20 days of cultivation. The BC pellicles produced on different carbon sources were characterized in terms of biomass yield, crystallinity and morphology by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), atomic force microscopy and X-ray diffraction. Our results showed that Medusomyces gisevii had higher BC yields in media with sugar concentrations close to 10 g L−1 after a 18–20 days incubation period. Glucose in general lead to a higher BC yield (173 g L−1) compared to sucrose (163.5 g L−1). The BC crystallinity degree and surface roughness were higher in the samples synthetized from sucrose. Obtained FE-SEM micrographs show that the BC pellicles synthesized in the sucrose media contained densely packed tangles of cellulose fibrils whereas the BC produced in the glucose media displayed rather linear geometry of the BC fibrils without noticeable aggregates.
KW  - Bacterial cellulose
KW  - Medusomyces gisevi
KW  - Carbon sources
KW  - Culture media
KW  - Cellulose nanostructure
Y1  - 2023
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10570-023-05592-z
SN  - 1572-882X (Online)
SN  - 0969-0239 (Print)
N1  - Corresponding author: Ilya Digel
PB  - Springer Science + Business Media
CY  - Dordrecht
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Digel, Ilya
A1  - Dachwald, Bernd
A1  - Artmann, Gerhard
A1  - Linder, Peter
A1  - Funke, O.
T1  - A concept of a probe for particle analysis and life detection in icy environments
N2  - A melting probe equipped with autofluorescence-based detection system combined with a light scattering unit, and, optionally, with a microarray chip would be ideally suited to probe icy environments like Europa’s ice layer as well as the polar ice layers of Earth and Mars for recent and extinct live.
KW  - Sonde
KW  - Eisschicht
KW  - Autofluoreszenzverfahren
KW  - Lichtstreuungsbasierte Instrumente
KW  - autofluorescence-based detection system
KW  - light scattering analysis
Y1  - 2009
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Digel, Ilya
A1  - Demirci, Taylan
A1  - Trzewik, Jürgen
A1  - Linder, Peter
A1  - Temiz Artmann, Aysegül
T1  - Fibroblast response to mechanical stress: role of the adhesion substrate : [abstract]
N2  - Mechanical stimulation of the cells resulted in evident changes in the cell morphology, protein composition and gene expression. Microscopically, additional formation of stress fibers accompanied by cell re-arrangements in a monolayer was observed. Also, significant activation of p53 gene was revealed as compared to control. Interestingly, the use of CellTech membrane coating induced cell death after mechanical stress had been applied. Such an effect was not detected when fibronectin had been used as an adhesion substrate.
KW  - Fibroblast
KW  - Mechanische Beanspruchung
KW  - celldrum technology
Y1  - 2004
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Digel, Ilya
A1  - Leimena, W.
A1  - Dachwald, Bernd
A1  - Linder, Peter
A1  - Porst, Dariusz
A1  - Kayser, Peter
A1  - Funke, O.
A1  - Temiz Artmann, Aysegül
A1  - Artmann, Gerhard
T1  - In-situ biological decontamination of an ice melting probe : [abstract]
N2  - The objective of our study was to investigate the efficacy of different in-situ decontamination protocols in the conditions of thermo-mechanical ice-melting.
KW  - Sonde
KW  - Dekontamination
KW  - Wasserstoffperoxid
KW  - Natriumhypochlorit
Y1  - 2010
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Digel, Ilya
A1  - Temiz Artmann, Aysegül
A1  - Artmann, Gerhard
A1  - Nojima, H.
T1  - Plasma cluster ions (PCI) influence on microbial cells viability : [abstract]
N2  - Recently, SHARP corporation has developed the world’s first “Plasma Cluster Ions (PCI)” air purification technology, which uses plasma discharge to generate cluster ions. The new plasma cluster device releases into the air positive and negative ions, which are harmless to humans and are able to decompose and deactivate airborne substances by chemical reactions. A lot of phenomenological tests of the PCI air purification technology on microbial cells have been conducted. And, in most cases, it has been shown that PCI demonstrate strongly pronounced killing effect. Although, the particular mechanisms of PCI action are still not evident. We studied variations in resistance to PCI among gram-positive airborne microorganisms, as well as some dose-dependent, spatial, cultural and biochemical properties of PCI action in respect of Staphylococcus spp, Enterococcus spp, Micrococcus spp.
KW  - Clusterion
KW  - Raumluft
KW  - Luftreiniger
KW  - Plasmacluster ion technology
KW  - Air purification
Y1  - 2003
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Digel, Ilya
A1  - Temiz Artmann, Aysegül
A1  - Nojima, H.
A1  - Artmann, Gerhard
T1  - Effects of plasma generated ions on bacteria : [poster]
N2  - Summary and Conclusions PCIs were clearly effective in terms of their antibacterial effects with the strains tested. This efficacy increased with the time the bacteries were exposed to PCIs. The bactericidal action has proved to be irreversible. PCIs were significantly less effective in shadowed areas. PCI exposure caused multiple protein damages as observed in SDS PAGE studies. There was no single but multiple molecular mechanism causing the bacterial death.
KW  - Clusterion
KW  - Bakterien
KW  - plasma generated ions
Y1  - 2003
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Digel, Ilya
A1  - Temiz Artmann, Aysegül
A1  - Nojima, H.
A1  - Artmann, Gerhard
T1  - Some peculiarities of application of cluster ions generated by plasma in respect of indoor air purification :[abstract]
N2  - Recently, the SHARP Corporation, Japan, has developed the world’s first "Plasma Cluster Ions (PCI)" air purification technology using plasma discharge to generate cluster ions. The new plasma cluster device releases positive and negative ions into the air, which are able to decompose and deactivate harmful airborne substances by chemical reactions. Because cluster ions consist of positive and negative ions that normally exist in the natural world, they are completely harmless and safe to humans. The amount of ozone generated by cluster ions is less than 0.01 ppm, which is significantly less than the 0.05-ppm standard for industrial operations and consumer electronics. This amount, thus, has no harming effects whatsoever on the human body. But particular properties and chemical processes in PCI treatment are still under study. It has been shown that PCI in most cases show strongly pronounced irreversible killing effects in respect of airborne microflora due to free-radical induced reactions and can be considered as a potent technology to disinfect both home, medical and industrial appliances.
KW  - Clusterion
KW  - Raumluft
KW  - Luftreiniger
KW  - Plasmacluster ion technology
KW  - Air purification
Y1  - 2003
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Digel, Ilya
A1  - Temiz Artmann, Aysegül
A1  - Nojima, H.
A1  - Artmann, Gerhard
T1  - Plasma-generated cluster ions' effects on indoor microflora : [abstract]
N2  - Recently, SHARP corporation has developed the world’s first "Plasma Cluster Ions® (PCI)" air purification technology, which uses plasma discharge to generate cluster ions. The new Plasma Cluster Device releases positive and negative ions into the air, which are harmless to humans and are able to decompose and deactivate airborne substances by chemical reactions. In the past, phenomenological tests on the efficacy of the PCI air purification technology on microbial cells have been conducted. In most cases, it has been shown that PCI demonstrated strongly pronounced killing effects on microorganisms. However, the particular mechanisms of PCI action still have to be uncovered.
KW  - Clusterion
KW  - Raumluft
KW  - Luftreiniger
KW  - Plasmacluster ion technology
KW  - Air purification
Y1  - 2003
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Duong, Minh Tuan
A1  - Jung, Alexander
A1  - Frotscher, Ralf
A1  - Staat, Manfred
ED  - Papadrakakis, M.
T1  - A 3D electromechanical FEM-based model for cardiac tissue
T2  - ECCOMAS Congress 2016, VII European Congress on Computational Methods in Applied Sciences and Engineering. Crete Island, Greece, 5–10 June 2016
Y1  - 2016
N1  - revised after the conference
P11367
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Duong, Minh Tuan
A1  - Staat, Manfred
ED  - Onate, E.
T1  - A face-based smoothed finite element method for hyperelastic models and tissue growth
T2  - 11th World Congress on Computational Mechanics (WCCM XI) ; 5th European Conference on Computational Mechanics (ECCM V) ; 6th European Conference on Computational Fluid Dynamics (ECFD VI) ; July 20-25, 2014, Barcelona
Y1  - 2014
SP  - 1
EP  - 12
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - ElBashir, Rasha
A1  - Digel, Ilya
T1  - Effect of nitric oxide gas on hydrogels : [abstract]
N2  - The results support our theory that the NO gas has an influence in increasing the translational diffusion of hydrogels and it accelerates the melting process of the gels.
KW  - Stickstoffmonoxid
KW  - Hydrogel
KW  - nitric oxide gas
KW  - hydrogel
Y1  - 2009
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Frotscher, Ralf
A1  - Duong, Minh Tuan
A1  - Staat, Manfred
T1  - Simulating beating cardiomyocytes with electromechanical coupling
T2  - II. International Conference on Biomedical Technology : 28-30 October 2015 Hannover, Germany / T. Lenarz, P. Wriggers (Eds.)
Y1  - 2015
SP  - 1
EP  - 2
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Frotscher, Ralf
A1  - Koch, Jan-Peter
A1  - Raatschen, Hans-Jürgen
A1  - Staat, Manfred
ED  - Onate, E.
T1  - Evaluation of a computational model for drug action on cardiac tissue
T2  - 11th World Congress on Computational Mechanics (WCCM XI) ; 5th European Conference on Computational Mechanics (ECCM V) ; 6th European Conference on Computational Fluid Dynamics (ECFD VI) ; July 20 - 25, 2014, Barcelona
Y1  - 2014
SP  - 1
EP  - 12
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Frotscher, Ralf
A1  - Staat, Manfred
ED  - Nithiarasu, Perumal
T1  - Homogenization of a cardiac tissue construct
T2  - CMBE15 : 4th International Conference on Computational & Mathematical Biomedical Engineering ; 29th June - 1st July 2015 ; École Normale Supérieure de Cachan ; Cachan (Paris), France
Y1  - 2015
SN  - 2227-9385
N1  - Konferenzband unter:
http://www.compbiomed.net/getfile.php?type=12/site_documents&id=Proceedings_2227-9385_compressed.pdf
SP  - 645
EP  - 648
PB  - CMBE
CY  - [s.l.]
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Förster, Arnold
A1  - Stock, Jürgen
A1  - Montanari, Simone
A1  - Lepsa, Mihail Ion
A1  - Lüth, Hans
T1  - Fabrication and characterisation of GaAs Gunn Diode Chips for applications at 77 GHz in automotive industry
N2  - GaAs-based Gunn diodes with graded AlGaAs hot electron injector heterostructures have been developed under the special needs in automotive applications. The fabrication of the Gunn diode chips was based on total substrate removal and processing of integrated Au heat sinks. Especially, the thermal and RF behavior of the diodes have been analyzed by DC, impedance and S-parameter measurements. The electrical investigations have revealed the functionality of the hot electron injector. An optimized layer structure could fulfill the requirements in adaptive cruise control (ACC) systems at 77 GHz with typical output power between 50 and 90 mW.
KW  - Biosensor
KW  - Gunn diode
KW  - microwave generation
KW  - GaAs hot electron injector
Y1  - 2006
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:hbz:a96-opus-1462
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Gorissen, P.
A1  - Staat, Manfred
A1  - Laack, Walter van
T1  - Experimentelle Kraftmessungen als Beitrag zur Wirksamkeitsbeurteilung von Schienbeinschonern im Fußballsport
T1  - Experimental measurement of forces as a contribution to evaluate the effectiveness of shin guards in soccer
JF  - OUP Zeitschrift für die orthopädische und unfallchirurgische Praxis
N2  - Diese Studie beschäftigte sich mit der Dämpfungswirkung von Schienbeinschonern, wie sie beim Fußball zum Einsatz kommen. Sie wurde mit Hilfe eines Pendelhammers durchgeführt, der verschiedene Aufschlagkräfte auf die Schoner ermöglichte. Dabei wurde deutlich, dass Schienbeinschoner die beste Wirkung bei Maximalkräften unterhalb von 5kN erreichen können, dass bei größerer Belastung allerdings Verbesserungsbedarf besteht. Hierfür konnte, u.a. durch den Einsatz neuer Materialien, ein guter Ansatzpunkt im „adäquaten Zusammenspiel von Schale und Polsterung“ der Schoner gefunden werden. Die Untersuchung hat weiterhin gezeigt, dass zumindest teilweise eine deutliche Verbesserung der Dämpfungswirkung der Schienbeinschoner in den letzten Jahren erreicht werden konnte.
N2  - This study was conducted to test the damping effects of commercially available soccer shin guards on their damping effects. Therefore a pendulum impact apparatus with varying impact forces was used. It became clear that shin guards show the best effect at maximum forces of less than 5kN. There is however a need for improvement at greater impact forces. A good starting point was found in an „appropriate interaction of shell and padding” of the shin guard. It was further clarified that a significant improvement on the damping effect could be achieved at least partially over the last years.
KW  - Fußball
KW  - Schienbeinschoner
KW  - Aufschlagversuch
Y1  - 2012
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.3238/oup.2012.0010-0015
SN  - 2193-5785
VL  - 1
IS  - 1
SP  - 10
EP  - 15
PB  - Deutscher Ärzte-Verlag
CY  - Köln
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Grajewski, Matthias
A1  - Kleefeld, Andreas
T1  - Detecting and approximating decision boundaries in low-dimensional spaces
JF  - Numerical Algorithms
N2  - A method for detecting and approximating fault lines or surfaces, respectively, or decision curves in two and three dimensions with guaranteed accuracy is presented. Reformulated as a classification problem, our method starts from a set of scattered points along with the corresponding classification algorithm to construct a representation of a decision curve by points with prescribed maximal distance to the true decision curve. Hereby, our algorithm ensures that the representing point set covers the decision curve in its entire extent and features local refinement based on the geometric properties of the decision curve. We demonstrate applications of our method to problems related to the detection of faults, to multi-criteria decision aid and, in combination with Kirsch’s factorization method, to solving an inverse acoustic scattering problem. In all applications we considered in this work, our method requires significantly less pointwise classifications than previously employed algorithms.
KW  - MCDA
KW  - Inverse scattering problem
KW  - Fault approximation
KW  - Fault detection
Y1  - 2023
SN  - 1572-9265
N1  - Corresponding author: Matthias Grajewski
VL  - 93
IS  - 4
PB  - Springer Science+Business Media
CY  - Dordrecht
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Grieger, Niklas
A1  - Schwabedal, Justus T. C.
A1  - Wendel, Stefanie
A1  - Ritze, Yvonne
A1  - Bialonski, Stephan
T1  - Automated scoring of pre-REM sleep in mice with deep learning
JF  - Scientific Reports
N2  - Reliable automation of the labor-intensive manual task of scoring animal sleep can facilitate the analysis of long-term sleep studies. In recent years, deep-learning-based systems, which learn optimal features from the data, increased scoring accuracies for the classical sleep stages of Wake, REM, and Non-REM. Meanwhile, it has been recognized that the statistics of transitional stages such as pre-REM, found between Non-REM and REM, may hold additional insight into the physiology of sleep and are now under vivid investigation. We propose a classification system based on a simple neural network architecture that scores the classical stages as well as pre-REM sleep in mice. When restricted to the classical stages, the optimized network showed state-of-the-art classification performance with an out-of-sample F1 score of 0.95 in male C57BL/6J mice. When unrestricted, the network showed lower F1 scores on pre-REM (0.5) compared to the classical stages. The result is comparable to previous attempts to score transitional stages in other species such as transition sleep in rats or N1 sleep in humans. Nevertheless, we observed that the sequence of predictions including pre-REM typically transitioned from Non-REM to REM reflecting sleep dynamics observed by human scorers. Our findings provide further evidence for the difficulty of scoring transitional sleep stages, likely because such stages of sleep are under-represented in typical data sets or show large inter-scorer variability. We further provide our source code and an online platform to run predictions with our trained network.
Y1  - 2021
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-91286-0
SN  - 2045-2322
N1  - Corresponding author: Stephan Bialonski
VL  - 11
IS  - Art. 12245
PB  - Springer Nature
CY  - London
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Heel, Mareike van
A1  - Dikta, Gerhard
A1  - Braekers, Roel
T1  - Bootstrap based goodness‑of‑fit tests for binary multivariate regression models
JF  - Journal of the Korean Statistical Society
N2  - We consider a binary multivariate regression model where the conditional expectation of a binary variable given a higher-dimensional input variable belongs to a parametric family. Based on this, we introduce a model-based bootstrap (MBB) for higher-dimensional input variables. This test can be used to check whether a sequence of independent and identically distributed observations belongs to such a parametric family. The approach is based on the empirical residual process introduced by Stute (Ann Statist 25:613–641, 1997). In contrast to Stute and Zhu’s approach (2002) Stute & Zhu (Scandinavian J Statist 29:535–545, 2002), a transformation is not required. Thus, any problems associated with non-parametric regression estimation are avoided. As a result, the MBB method is much easier for users to implement. To illustrate the power of the MBB based tests, a small simulation study is performed. Compared to the approach of Stute & Zhu (Scandinavian J Statist 29:535–545, 2002), the simulations indicate a slightly improved power of the MBB based method. Finally, both methods are applied to a real data set.
Y1  - 2021
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s42952-021-00142-4
SN  - 2005-2863 (Online)
SN  - 1226-3192 (Print)
N1  - Corresponding author: Mareike van Heel
VL  - 51
PB  - Springer Nature
CY  - Singapur
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Heer, Thomas
A1  - Redkowitz, Daniel
A1  - Kraft, Bodo
T1  - Tool Support for the Integration of Light-Weight Ontologies
N2  - Abstract of the authors: In many areas of computer science ontologies become more and more important. The use of ontologies for domain modeling often brings up the issue of ontology integration. The task of merging several ontologies, covering specific subdomains, into one united ontology has to be solved. Many approaches for ontology integration aim at automating the process of ontology alignment. However, a complete automation is not feasible, and user interaction is always required. Nevertheless, most ontology integration tools offer only very limited support for the interactive part of the integration process. In this paper, we present a novel approach for the interactive integration of ontologies. The result of the ontology integration is incrementally updated after each definition of a correspondence between ontology elements. The user is guided through the ontologies to be integrated. By restricting the possible user actions, the integrity of all defined correspondences is ensured by the tool we developed. We evaluated our tool by integrating different regulations concerning building design.
KW  - Ontologie <Wissensverarbeitung>
KW  - Knowledge Management
KW  - Ontology Engineering
KW  - Information Integration Tools
KW  - Human Factors
Y1  - 2008
SN  - 978-3-642-00670-8
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Heitzer, M.
A1  - Staat, Manfred
T1  - Direct FEM approach to design-by-analysis of pressurized components
N2  - Abstracts of the ACHEMA 2000 - International Meeting on Chemical Engineering, Environmental Protection and Biotechnology, May 22 - 27, 2000. Frankfurt am Main. Achema 2000 : special edition / Linde. [Ed.: Linde AG. Red.: Volker R. Leski]. - Wiesbaden : Linde AG, 2000. - 56 p. : Ill., . - pp: 79 - 81
N2  - Abstracts der ACHEMA 2000 - International Meeting on Chemical Engineering, Environmental Protection and Biotechnology, May 22 - 27, 2000. Frankfurt am Main.
KW  - Finite-Elemente-Methode
KW  - Finite-Elemente-Methode
KW  - limit analysis
KW  - shakedown analysis
Y1  - 2000
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Jablonski, Melanie
A1  - Münstermann, Felix
A1  - Nork, Jasmina
A1  - Molinnus, Denise
A1  - Muschallik, Lukas
A1  - Bongaerts, Johannes
A1  - Wagner, Torsten
A1  - Keusgen, Michael
A1  - Siegert, Petra
A1  - Schöning, Michael Josef
T1  - Capacitive field‐effect biosensor applied for the detection of acetoin in alcoholic beverages and fermentation broths
JF  - physica status solidi (a) applications and materials science
N2  - An acetoin biosensor based on a capacitive electrolyte–insulator–semiconductor (EIS) structure modified with the enzyme acetoin reductase, also known as butane-2,3-diol dehydrogenase (Bacillus clausii DSM 8716ᵀ), is applied for acetoin detection in beer, red wine, and fermentation broth samples for the first time. The EIS sensor consists of an Al/p-Si/SiO₂/Ta₂O₅ layer structure with immobilized acetoin reductase on top of the Ta₂O₅ transducer layer by means of crosslinking via glutaraldehyde. The unmodified and enzyme-modified sensors are electrochemically characterized by means of leakage current, capacitance–voltage, and constant capacitance methods, respectively.
KW  - acetoin
KW  - acetoin reductase
KW  - alcoholic beverages
KW  - biosensors
KW  - capacitive field-effect sensors
Y1  - 2021
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pssa.202000765
SN  - 1862-6319
VL  - 218
IS  - 13
PB  - Wiley-VCH
CY  - Weinheim
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Jablonski, Melanie
A1  - Poghossian, Arshak
A1  - Keusgen, Michael
A1  - Wege, Christina
A1  - Schöning, Michael Josef
T1  - Detection of plant virus particles with a capacitive field-effect sensor
JF  - Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry
N2  - Plant viruses are major contributors to crop losses and induce high economic costs worldwide. For reliable, on-site and early detection of plant viral diseases, portable biosensors are of great interest. In this study, a field-effect SiO2-gate electrolyte-insulator-semiconductor (EIS) sensor was utilized for the label-free electrostatic detection of tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) particles as a model plant pathogen. The capacitive EIS sensor has been characterized regarding its TMV sensitivity by means of constant-capacitance method. The EIS sensor was able to detect biotinylated TMV particles from a solution with a TMV concentration as low as 0.025 nM. A good correlation between the registered EIS sensor signal and the density of adsorbed TMV particles assessed from scanning electron microscopy images of the SiO2-gate chip surface was observed. Additionally, the isoelectric point of the biotinylated TMV particles was determined via zeta potential measurements and the influence of ionic strength of the measurement solution on the TMV-modified EIS sensor signal has been studied.
KW  - Plant virus
KW  - Capacitive field-effect sensor
KW  - Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV)
KW  - Label-free detection
KW  - Zeta potential
Y1  - 2021
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00216-021-03448-8
SN  - 1618-2650
N1  - Corresponding authors: Arshak Poghossian & Michael J. Schöning
VL  - 413
SP  - 5669
EP  - 5678
PB  - Springer Nature
CY  - Cham
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Janus, Kevin Alexander
A1  - Achtsnicht, Stefan
A1  - Drinic, Aleksander
A1  - Kopp, Alexander
A1  - Keusgen, Michael
A1  - Schöning, Michael Josef
T1  - Transient magnesium-based thin-film temperature sensor on a flexible, bioabsorbable substrate for future medical applications
JF  - Applied Research
N2  - In this work, the bioabsorbable materials, namely fibroin, polylactide acid (PLA), magnesium and magnesium oxide are investigated for their application as transient, resistive temperature detectors (RTD). For this purpose, a thin-film magnesium-based meander-like electrode is deposited onto a flexible, bioabsorbable substrate (fibroin or PLA) and encapsulated (passivated) by additional magnesium oxide layers on top and below the magnesium-based electrode. The morphology of different layered RTDs is analyzed by scanning electron microscopy. The sensor performance and lifetime of the RTD is characterized both under ambient atmospheric conditions between 30°C and 43°C, and wet tissue-like conditions with a constant temperature regime of 37°C. The latter triggers the degradation process of the magnesium-based layers. The 3-layers RTDs on a PLA substrate could achieve a lifetime of 8.5 h. These sensors also show the best sensor performance under ambient atmospheric conditions with a mean sensitivity of 0.48 Ω/°C ± 0.01 Ω/°C.
KW  - Silk fibroin
KW  - Polylactide  acid
KW  - Bioabsorbable
KW  - Resistive  temperature detector
Y1  - 2023
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/appl.202300102
SN  - 2702-4288 (Print)
N1  - Corresponding author: Michael Josef Schöning
IS  - Accepted manuscript
PB  - Wiley-VCH
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Janus, Kevin Alexander
A1  - Achtsnicht, Stefan
A1  - Tempel, Laura
A1  - Drinic, Aleksaner
A1  - Kopp, Alexander
A1  - Keusgen, Michael
A1  - Schöning, Michael Josef
T1  - Influence of fibroin membrane composition and curing parameters on the performance of a biodegradable enzymatic biosensor manufactured from Silicon-Free Carbon
JF  - Physica status solidi : pss. A, Applications and materials science
N2  - Herein, fibroin, polylactide (PLA), and carbon are investigated for their suitability as biocompatible and biodegradable materials for amperometric biosensors. For this purpose, screen-printed carbon electrodes on the biodegradable substrates fibroin and PLA are modified with a glucose oxidase membrane and then encapsulated with the biocompatible material Ecoflex. The influence of different curing parameters of the carbon electrodes on the resulting biosensor characteristics is studied. The morphology of the electrodes is investigated by scanning electron microscopy, and the biosensor performance is examined by amperometric measurements of glucose (0.5–10 mM) in phosphate buffer solution, pH 7.4, at an applied potential of 1.2 V versus a Ag/AgCl reference electrode. Instead of Ecoflex, fibroin, PLA, and wound adhesive are tested as alternative encapsulation compounds: a series of swelling tests with different fibroin compositions, PLA, and Ecoflex has been performed before characterizing the most promising candidates by chronoamperometry. Therefore, the carbon electrodes are completely covered with the particular encapsulation material. Chronoamperometric measurements with H2O2 concentrations between 0.5 and 10 mM enable studying the leakage current behavior.
KW  - amperometric biosensors
KW  - biocompatible
KW  - biodegradabl
KW  - encapsulation materials
KW  - fibroin
Y1  - 2023
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pssa.202300081
SN  - 1862-6300 (Print)
SN  - 1862-6319 (Online)
N1  - Corresponding author: Michael J. Schöning
VL  - 220
IS  - 22
PB  - Wiley-VCH
CY  - Weinheim
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Jildeh, Zaid B.
A1  - Wagner, Patrick H.
A1  - Schöning, Michael Josef
T1  - Sterilization of Objects, Products, and Packaging Surfaces and Their Characterization in Different Fields of Industry: The Status in 2020
JF  - physica status solidi (a) applications and materials science
N2  - The treatment method to deactivate viable microorganisms from objects or products is termed sterilization. There are multiple forms of sterilization, each intended to be applied for a specific target, which depends on—but not limited to—the thermal, physical, and chemical stability of that target. Herein, an overview on the currently used sterilization processes in the global market is provided. Different sterilization techniques are grouped under a category that describes the method of treatment: radiation (gamma, electron beam, X-ray, and ultraviolet), thermal (dry and moist heat), and chemical (ethylene oxide, ozone, chlorine dioxide, and hydrogen peroxide). For each sterilization process, the typical process parameters as defined by regulations and the mode of antimicrobial activity are summarized. Finally, the recommended microorganisms that are used as biological indicators to validate sterilization processes in accordance with the rules that are established by various regulatory agencies are summarized.
KW  - bioburdens
KW  - sterility tests
KW  - sterilization efficacy
KW  - sterilization methods
KW  - validation methods
Y1  - 2021
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pssa.202000732
SN  - 1862-6319
N1  - Corresponding author: Michael J. Schöning
VL  - 218
IS  - 13
PB  - Wiley-VCH
CY  - Weinheim
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Jung, Alexander
A1  - Frotscher, Ralf
A1  - Staat, Manfred
T1  - Electromechanical model of hiPSC-derived ventricular cardiomyocytes cocultured with fibroblasts
T2  - 6th European Conference on Computational Mechanics (ECCM 6), 7th European Conference on Computational Fluid Dynamics (ECFD 7), 11-15 June 2018, Glasgow, UK
N2  - The CellDrum provides an experimental setup to study the mechanical effects of fibroblasts co-cultured with hiPSC-derived ventricular cardiomyocytes. Multi-scale computational models based on the Finite Element Method are developed. Coupled electrical cardiomyocyte-fibroblast models (cell level) are embedded into reaction-diffusion equations (tissue level) which compute the propagation of the action potential in the cardiac tissue. Electromechanical coupling is realised by an excitation-contraction model (cell level) and the active stress arising during contraction is added to the passive stress in the force balance, which determines the tissue displacement (tissue level). Tissue parameters in the model can be identified experimentally to the specific sample.
Y1  - 2018
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Jung, Alexander
A1  - Staat, Manfred
A1  - Müller, Wolfram
ED  - Onate, E.
T1  - Optimization of the flight style in ski jumping
T2  - 11th World Congress on Computational Mechanics (WCCM XI) ; 5th European Conference on Computational Mechanics (ECCM V) ; 6th European Conference on Computational Fluid Dynamics (ECFD VI) ; July 20 - 25, 2014, Barcelona
Y1  - 2014
N1  - Das Paper wurde nach der Konferenz überarbeitet.
SP  - 799
EP  - 810
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Karschuck, Tobias
A1  - Schmidt, Stefan
A1  - Achtsnicht, Stefan
A1  - Poghossian, Arshak
A1  - Wagner, Patrick
A1  - Schöning, Michael Josef
T1  - Multiplexing system for automated characterization of a capacitive field-effect sensor array
JF  - Physica Status Solidi A
N2  - In comparison to single-analyte devices, multiplexed systems for a multianalyte detection offer a reduced assay time and sample volume, low cost, and high throughput. Herein, a multiplexing platform for an automated quasi-simultaneous characterization of multiple (up to 16) capacitive field-effect sensors by the capacitive–voltage (C–V) and the constant-capacitance (ConCap) mode is presented. The sensors are mounted in a newly designed multicell arrangement with one common reference electrode and are electrically connected to the impedance analyzer via the base station. A Python script for the automated characterization of the sensors executes the user-defined measurement protocol. The developed multiplexing system is tested for pH measurements and the label-free detection of ligand-stabilized, charged gold nanoparticles.
KW  - Capacitive field-effect sensor
KW  - Gold nanoparticles
KW  - Label-free detection
KW  - Multicell
KW  - Multiplexing
Y1  - 2023
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pssa.202300265
SN  - 1862-6300 (Print)
SN  - 1862-6319 (Online)
N1  - Corresponding author: Michael Josef Schöning
VL  - 220
IS  - 22
PB  - Wiley-VCH
CY  - Weinheim
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Katz, Eugenii
A1  - Willner, Itamar
T1  - Magneto-controlled quantized electron transfer to surface-confined redox units and metal nanoparticles
N2  - Hydrophobic magnetic nanoparticles (NPs) consisting of undecanoate-capped magnetite (Fe3O4, average diameter ca. 5 nm) are used to control quantized electron transfer to surface-confined redox units and metal NPs. A two-phase system consisting of an aqueous electrolyte solution and a toluene phase that includes the suspended undecanoatecapped magnetic NPs is used to control the interfacial properties of the electrode surface. The attracted magnetic NPs form a hydrophobic layer on the electrode surface resulting in the change of the mechanisms of the surface-confined electrochemical processes. A quinone-monolayer modified Au electrode demonstrates an aqueous-type of the electrochemical process (2e-+2H+ redox mechanism) for the quinone units in the absence of the hydrophobic magnetic NPs, while the attraction of the magnetic NPs to the surface results in the stepwise single-electron transfer mechanism characteristic of a dry nonaqueous medium. Also, the attraction of the hydrophobic magnetic NPs to the Au electrode surface modified with Au NPs (ca. 1.4 nm) yields a microenvironment with a low dielectric constant that results in the single-electron quantum charging of the Au NPs.
KW  - Biosensor
KW  - Nanoparticles
KW  - magnetic particles
KW  - quantum charging
KW  - modified electrode
Y1  - 2006
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:hbz:a96-opus-1528
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Kaulen, Lars
A1  - Schwabedal, Justus T. C.
A1  - Schneider, Jules
A1  - Ritter, Philipp
A1  - Bialonski, Stephan
T1  - Advanced sleep spindle identification with neural networks
JF  - Scientific Reports
N2  - Sleep spindles are neurophysiological phenomena that appear to be linked to memory formation and other functions of the central nervous system, and that can be observed in electroencephalographic recordings (EEG) during sleep. Manually identified spindle annotations in EEG recordings suffer from substantial intra- and inter-rater variability, even if raters have been highly trained, which reduces the reliability of spindle measures as a research and diagnostic tool. The Massive Online Data Annotation (MODA) project has recently addressed this problem by forming a consensus from multiple such rating experts, thus providing a corpus of spindle annotations of enhanced quality. Based on this dataset, we present a U-Net-type deep neural network model to automatically detect sleep spindles. Our model’s performance exceeds that of the state-of-the-art detector and of most experts in the MODA dataset. We observed improved detection accuracy in subjects of all ages, including older individuals whose spindles are particularly challenging to detect reliably. Our results underline the potential of automated methods to do repetitive cumbersome tasks with super-human performance.
Y1  - 2022
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-11210-y
SN  - 2045-2322
N1  - Corresponding author: Stephan Bialonski
VL  - 12
IS  - Article number: 7686
SP  - 1
EP  - 10
PB  - Springer Nature
CY  - London
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Kern, Alexander
A1  - Dikta, Gerhard
T1  - Probability of damage of electrical and electronic systems due to indirect lightning flashes - investigation of data from German insurance companies
N2  - In the presented paper data collected from the field related to damage statistics of electrical and electronic apparatus in household are reported and investigated. These damages (total number approx. 74000 cases), registered by five German insurance companies in 2005 and 2006, were adviced by customers as caused by lightning overvoltages. With the use of stochastical methods it is possible, to reasses the collected data and to distinguish between cases, which are with high probability caused by lightning overvoltages, and those, which are not. If there was an indication for a direct strike, this case was excluded, so the focus was only on indirect lightning flashes, i.e. only flashes to ground near the structure and flashes to or nearby an incoming service line were investigated. The data from the field contain the location of damaged apparatus (residence of the policy holder) and the distances of the nearest cloud-to-ground stroke to the location of the damage registered by the German lightning location network BLIDS at the date of damage. The statistical data along with some complementary numerical simulations allow to verify the correspondence of the Standards rules used for IEC 62305-2 with the field data and to define some correction needs. The results could lead to a better understanding whether a damage reported to an insurance company is really caused by indirect lightning, or not.
KW  - Blitzschutz
KW  - lightning flash
Y1  - 2009
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Kirchhof, M.
A1  - Kraft, Bodo
T1  - UML-based modeling of architectural knowledge and design
N2  - IASSE-2004 - 13th International Conference on Intelligent and Adaptive Systems and Software Engineering eds. W. Dosch, N. Debnath, pp. 245-250, ISCA, Cary, NC, 1-3 July 2004, Nice, France We introduce a UML-based model for conceptual design support in civil engineering. Therefore, we identify required extensions to standard UML. Class diagrams are used for elaborating building typespecific knowledge: Object diagrams, implicitly contained in the architect’s sketch, are validated against the defined knowledge. To enable the use of industrial, domain-specific tools, we provide an integrated conceptual design extension. The developed tool support is based on graph rewriting. With our approach architects are enabled to deal with semantic objects during early design phase, assisted by incremental consistency checks.
KW  - UML
KW  - UML
KW  - Unified Modeling Language
KW  - UML
KW  - Unified Modeling Language
Y1  - 2004
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Kirchhof, Michael
A1  - Kraft, Bodo
T1  - Dogmatisches „Entweder agil oder klassisch" im Projektmanagement hat ausgedient - die richtige Mischung macht's
T2  - Projekt-Sternstunden : strahlende Erfolge durch Kompetenz
Y1  - 2011
SN  - 978-3-924841-60-7
N1  - PM-Forum <28, 2011, Nürnberg> ; 
PM-Forum 2011, 28. Internationales Deutsches Projektmanagement-Forum ; Nürnberg, 25. - 26.10.2011 ; Tagungsband
SP  - 414
EP  - 425
PB  - GPM
CY  - Nürnberg
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Koplin, Tobias J.
A1  - Siemons, Maike
A1  - Océn-Valéntin, César
A1  - Sanders, Daniel
A1  - Simon, Ulrich
T1  - Workflow for high throughput screening of gas sensing materials
N2  - The workflow of a high throughput screening setup for the rapid identification of new and improved sensor materials is presented. The polyol method was applied to prepare nanoparticular metal oxides as base materials, which were functionalised by surface doping. Using multi-electrode substrates and high throughput impedance spectroscopy (HT-IS) a wide range of materials could be screened in a short time. Applying HT-IS in search of new selective gas sensing materials a NO2-tolerant NO sensing material with reduced sensitivities towards other test gases was identified based on iridium doped zinc oxide. Analogous behaviour was observed for iridium doped indium oxide.
KW  - Biosensor
KW  - High throughput experimentation
KW  - gas sensor
KW  - metal oxide
KW  - doping
KW  - impedance spectroscopy
KW  - nitrogen oxides
Y1  - 2006
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:hbz:a96-opus-1407
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Kraft, Bodo
T1  - Conceptual design tools for civil engineering
N2  - Applications of Graph Transformations with Industrial Relevance Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 2004, Volume 3062/2004, 434-439, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-25959-6_33 This paper gives a brief overview of the tools we have developed to support conceptual design in civil engineering. Based on the UPGRADE framework, two applications, one for the knowledge engineer and another for architects allow to store domain specific knowledge and to use this knowledge during conceptual design. Consistency analyses check the design against the defined knowledge and inform the architect if rules are violated.
KW  - CAD
KW  - CAD
KW  - Bauingenieurwesen
KW  - CAD
KW  - civil engineering
Y1  - 2004
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Kraft, Bodo
T1  - Conceptual design mit ArchiCAD 8 : Forschungsprojekt an der RWTH Aachen
N2  - Projektbericht in GraphisoftNews - Architektur und Bauen in einer vernetzten Welt 3/2003 4 Seiten
KW  - CAD
KW  - CAD
KW  - Bauingenieurwesen
KW  - Architektur
KW  - CAD
KW  - civil engineering
KW  - architecture
Y1  - 2003
ER  - 
TY  - GEN
A1  - Kraft, Bodo
T1  - LexiCAD Step by Step : Bürogebäude : Erstellen eines Grundrisses mit RoomObjects und LexiCAD
N2  - 11 Seiten, 22 Abbildungen 1. Konstruktion des Außenumrisses 2. Festlegung der inneren Räume 3. Einfügen der RoomLinks 4. Wallgenerator
KW  - CAD
KW  - CAD
KW  - Architektur
KW  - CAD
KW  - architecture
Y1  - 2003
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Kraft, Bodo
A1  - Meyer, Oliver
A1  - Nagl, Manfred
T1  - Graph technology support for conceptual design in civil engineering
N2  - In: Advances in intelligent computing in engineering : proceedings of the 9.International EG-ICE Workshop ; Darmstadt, (01 - 03 August) 2002 / Martina Schnellenbach-Held ... (eds.) . - Düsseldorf: VDI-Verl., 2002 .- Fortschritt-Berichte VDI, Reihe 4, Bauingenieurwesen ; 180 ; S. 1-35 The paper describes a novel way to support conceptual design in civil engineering. The designer uses semantical tools guaranteeing certain internal structures of the design result but also the fulfillment of various constraints. Two different approaches and corresponding tools are discussed: (a) Visually specified tools with automatic code generation to determine a design structure as well as fixing various constraints a design has to obey. These tools are also valuable for design knowledge specialist. (b) Extensions of existing CAD tools to provide semantical knowledge to be used by an architect. It is sketched how these different tools can be combined in the future. The main part of the paper discusses the concepts and realization of two prototypes following the two above approaches. The paper especially discusses that specific graphs and the specification of their structure are useful for both tool realization projects.
KW  - CAD
KW  - CAD ;
KW  - CAD
KW  - civil engineering
Y1  - 2002
SN  - 3-18-318004-9
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Kraft, Bodo
A1  - Nagl, Manfred
T1  - Visual Knowledge Specification for Conceptual Design: Definition and Tool Support
N2  - In: Advanced Engineering Informatics. Vol 21, Issue 1, 2007, Pages 67-83 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aei.2006.10.001 eds. J.C. Kunz, I.F.C. Smith and T. Tomiyama, Elsevier, Seite 1-22 Current CAD tools are not able to support the conceptual design phase, and none of them provides a consistency analysis for sketches produced by architects. This phase is fundamental and crucial for the whole design and construction process of a building. To give architects a better support, we developed a CAD tool for conceptual design and a knowledge specification tool. The knowledge is specific to one class of buildings and it can be reused. Based on a dynamic and domain-specific knowledge ontology, different types of design rules formalize this knowledge in a graph-based form. An expressive visual language provides a user-friendly, human readable representation. Finally, a consistency analysis tool enables conceptual designs to be checked against this formal conceptual knowledge. In this article, we concentrate on the knowledge specification part. For that, we introduce the concepts and usage of a novel visual language and describe its semantics. To demonstrate the usability of our approach, two graph-based visual tools for knowledge specification and conceptual design are explained.
KW  - CAD
KW  - CAD
KW  - Bauingenieurwesen
KW  - CAD
KW  - civil engineering
Y1  - 2007
ER  -