TY - JOUR A1 - Franko, Josef A1 - Du, Shengzhi A1 - Kallweit, Stephan A1 - Duelberg, Enno Sebastian A1 - Engemann, Heiko T1 - Design of a Multi-Robot System for Wind Turbine Maintenance JF - Energies N2 - The maintenance of wind turbines is of growing importance considering the transition to renewable energy. This paper presents a multi-robot-approach for automated wind turbine maintenance including a novel climbing robot. Currently, wind turbine maintenance remains a manual task, which is monotonous, dangerous, and also physically demanding due to the large scale of wind turbines. Technical climbers are required to work at significant heights, even in bad weather conditions. Furthermore, a skilled labor force with sufficient knowledge in repairing fiber composite material is rare. Autonomous mobile systems enable the digitization of the maintenance process. They can be designed for weather-independent operations. This work contributes to the development and experimental validation of a maintenance system consisting of multiple robotic platforms for a variety of tasks, such as wind turbine tower and rotor blade service. In this work, multicopters with vision and LiDAR sensors for global inspection are used to guide slower climbing robots. Light-weight magnetic climbers with surface contact were used to analyze structure parts with non-destructive inspection methods and to locally repair smaller defects. Localization was enabled by adapting odometry for conical-shaped surfaces considering additional navigation sensors. Magnets were suitable for steel towers to clamp onto the surface. A friction-based climbing ring robot (SMART— Scanning, Monitoring, Analyzing, Repair and Transportation) completed the set-up for higher payload. The maintenance period could be extended by using weather-proofed maintenance robots. The multi-robot-system was running the Robot Operating System (ROS). Additionally, first steps towards machine learning would enable maintenance staff to use pattern classification for fault diagnosis in order to operate safely from the ground in the future. Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/en13102552 SN - 1996-1073 VL - 13 IS - 10 SP - Article 2552 PB - MDPI CY - Basel ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Schmidts, Oliver A1 - Kraft, Bodo A1 - Winkens, Marvin A1 - Zündorf, Albert T1 - Catalog integration of low-quality product data by attribute label ranking T2 - Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Data Science, Technology and Applications DATA - Volume 1 N2 - The integration of product data from heterogeneous sources and manufacturers into a single catalog is often still a laborious, manual task. Especially small- and medium-sized enterprises face the challenge of timely integrating the data their business relies on to have an up-to-date product catalog, due to format specifications, low quality of data and the requirement of expert knowledge. Additionally, modern approaches to simplify catalog integration demand experience in machine learning, word vectorization, or semantic similarity that such enterprises do not have. Furthermore, most approaches struggle with low-quality data. We propose Attribute Label Ranking (ALR), an easy to understand and simple to adapt learning approach. ALR leverages a model trained on real-world integration data to identify the best possible schema mapping of previously unknown, proprietary, tabular format into a standardized catalog schema. Our approach predicts multiple labels for every attribute of an inpu t column. The whole column is taken into consideration to rank among these labels. We evaluate ALR regarding the correctness of predictions and compare the results on real-world data to state-of-the-art approaches. Additionally, we report findings during experiments and limitations of our approach. Y1 - 2020 SN - 978-989-758-440-4 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5220/0009831000900101 N1 - 9th International Conference on Data Science, Technologies and Applications (DATA 2020), 7 - 9 July 2020, online SP - 90 EP - 101 PB - SciTePress CY - Setúbal, Portugal ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Otten, D. A1 - Schmid, M. A1 - Weber, Tobias T1 - Advances In Sheet Metal-Forming: Reduction Of Tooling Cost By Methodical Optimization T2 - Proceedings of SAMPE Europe Conference, Amiens , France Y1 - 2015 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Weber, Tobias T1 - Manufacturing Process Simulation for Tooling Optimization: Reduction of Quality Issues During Autoclave Manufacturing of Composite Parts T2 - Proceedings of SAMPE Europe Conference 2015, Amiens, France Y1 - 2015 SP - 1 EP - 8 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Weber, Tobias A1 - Englhard, Markus A1 - Hailer, Benjamin A1 - Arent, Jan-Christoph T1 - Manufacturing Process Simulation for the Prediction of Tool-Part-Interaction and Ply Wrinkling T2 - Proceedings of SAMPE Europe Conference, Amiens , France Y1 - 2015 SP - 1 EP - 10 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Weber, Tobias A1 - Englhard, Markus A1 - Hailer, Benjamin A1 - Arent, Jan-Christoph T1 - Manufacturing Process Simulation for the Prediction of Tool-Part-Interaction and Ply Wrinkling T2 - Proceedings of SAMPE Europe Conference 2019, Nantes, France Y1 - 2019 SP - 1 EP - 10 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Hailer, Benjamin A1 - Weber, Tobias A1 - Arent, Jan-Christoph T1 - Manufacturing Process Simulation for Autoclave-Produced Sandwich Structures T2 - Proceedings of SAMPE Europe Conference 2019, Nantes, France Y1 - 2019 SP - 1 EP - 8 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Weber, Tobias A1 - Arent, Jan-Christoph A1 - Münch, Lukas A1 - Duhovic, Miro A1 - Balvers, Johannes M. T1 - A fast method for the generation of boundary conditions for thermal autoclave simulation JF - Composites Part A N2 - Manufacturing process simulation enables the evaluation and improvement of autoclave mold concepts early in the design phase. To achieve a high part quality at low cycle times, the thermal behavior of the autoclave mold can be investigated by means of simulations. Most challenging for such a simulation is the generation of necessary boundary conditions. Heat-up and temperature distribution in an autoclave mold are governed by flow phenomena, tooling material and shape, position within the autoclave, and the chosen autoclave cycle. This paper identifies and summarizes the most important factors influencing mold heat-up and how they can be introduced into a thermal simulation. Thermal measurements are used to quantify the impact of the various parameters. Finally, the gained knowledge is applied to develop a semi-empirical approach for boundary condition estimation that enables a simple and fast thermal simulation of the autoclave curing process with reasonably high accuracy for tooling optimization. Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesa.2016.05.036 SN - 1359-835X VL - 88 SP - 216 EP - 225 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Weber, Tobias A1 - Tellis, Jane J. A1 - Duhovic, Miro T1 - Characterization of tool-part-interaction an interlaminar friction for manufacturing process simulation T2 - ECCM 17, 17th European Conference on Composite Materials, München, DE, Jun 26-30, 2016 Y1 - 2016 SN - 978-3-00-053387-7 SP - 1 EP - 7 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Otten, D. A1 - Schmidt, M. A1 - Weber, Tobias T1 - Advances in Determination of Material Parameters for Functional Simulations Based on Process Simulations T2 - SAMPE Europe Conference 16 Liege Y1 - 2016 SN - 978-1-5108-3800-0 SP - 570 EP - 577 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Weber, Tobias A1 - Arent, Jan-Christoph A1 - Steffen, Lucas A1 - Balvers, Johannes M. A1 - Duhovic, Miro T1 - Thermal optimization of composite autoclave molds using the shift factor approach for boundary condition estimation JF - Journal of Composite Materials Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1177/0021998317699868 SN - 1530-793X VL - 51 IS - 12 SP - 1753 EP - 1767 PB - Sage CY - London ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Weber, Tobias A1 - Ruff-Stahl, Hans-Joachim K. T1 - Advances in Composite Manufacturing of Helicopter Parts JF - International Journal of Aviation, Aeronautics, and Aerospace Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.15394/ijaaa.2017.1153 SN - 2374-6793 VL - 4 IS - 1 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Otten, Dennis A1 - Weber, Tobias A1 - Arent, Jan-Christoph T1 - Manufacturing Process Simulation – On Its Way to Industrial Application JF - International Journal of Aviation, Aeronautics, and Aerospace N2 - Manufacturing process simulation (MPS) has become more and more important for aviation and the automobile industry. A highly competitive market requires the use of high performance metals and composite materials in combination with reduced manufacturing cost and time as well as a minimization of the time to market for a new product. However, the use of such materials is expensive and requires sophisticated manufacturing processes. An experience based process and tooling design followed by a lengthy trial-and-error optimization is just not contemporary anymore. Instead, a tooling design process aided by simulation is used more often. This paper provides an overview of the capabilities of MPS in the fields of sheet metal forming and prepreg autoclave manufacturing of composite parts summarizing the resulting benefits for tooling design and manufacturing engineering. The simulation technology is explained briefly in order to show several simplification and optimization techniques for developing industrialized simulation approaches. Small case studies provide examples of an efficient application on an industrial scale. Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.15394/ijaaa.2018.1217 SN - 2374-6793 VL - 5 IS - 2 PB - Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University CY - Daytona Beach, Fla. ER - TY - THES A1 - Weber, Tobias T1 - Herstellprozesssimulation zur Vorhersage der Faltenbildung in der Prepreg-Autoklav-Fertigung Y1 - 2019 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:hbz:386-kluedo-54923 SN - 978-3-944440-24-8 N1 - Dissertation, Kaiserslautern, Technische Universität Kaiserslautern, 2017 PB - Technische Universität Kaiserslautern CY - Kaiserslautern ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Weber, Tobias A1 - Englhard, Markus A1 - Arent, Jan-Christoph A1 - Hausmann, Joachim T1 - An experimental characterization of wrinkling generated during prepreg autoclave manufacturing using caul plates JF - Journal of Composite Materials Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1177/0021998319846556 SN - 1530-793X VL - 53 IS - 26-27 SP - 3757 EP - 3773 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hailer, Benjamin A1 - Weber, Tobias A1 - Neveling, Sebastian A1 - Dera, Samuel A1 - Arent, Jan-Christoph A1 - Middendorf, Peter T1 - Development of a test device to determine the frictional behavior between honeycomb and prepreg layers under realistic manufacturing conditions JF - Journal of Sandwich Structures & Materials N2 - In the friction tests between honeycomb with film adhesive and prepreg, the relative displacement occurs between the film adhesive and the prepreg. The film adhesive does not shift relative to the honeycomb. This is consistent with the core crush behavior where the honeycomb moves together with the film adhesive, as can be seen in Figure 2(a). The pull-through forces of the friction measurements between honeycomb and prepreg at 1 mm deformation are plotted in Figure 17(a). While the friction at 100°C is similar to the friction at 120°C, it decreases significantly at 130°C and exhibits a minimum at 140°C. At 150°C, the friction rises again slightly and then sharply at 160°C. Since the viscosity of the M18/1 prepreg resin drops significantly before it cures [23], the minimum friction at 140°C could result from a minimum viscosity of the mixture of prepreg resin and film adhesive before the bond subsequently cures. Figure 17(b) shows the mean value curve of the friction measurements at 140°C. The error bars, which represent the standard deviation, reveal the good repeatability of the tests. The force curve is approximately horizontal between 1 mm and 2 mm. The friction then slightly rises. As with interlaminar friction measurements, this could be due to the fact that resin is removed by friction and the proportion of boundary lubrication increases. Figure 18 shows the surfaces after the friction measurement. The honeycomb cell walls are clearly visible in the film adhesive. There are areas where the film adhesive is completely removed and the carrier material of the film adhesive becomes visible. In addition, the viscosity of the resin changes as the curing progresses during the friction test. This can also affect the force-displacement curve. Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1177/1099636220923986 SN - 1530-7972 IS - Volume 23, Issue 7 SP - 3017 EP - 3043 PB - Sage CY - London ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Engeln-Müllges, Gisela T1 - Entartungsbedingungen für Gleitflächennomogramme und Nomographierbarkeitsbedingungen für Fluchtebenennomogramme JF - ZAMM ‐ Journal of Applied Mathematics and Mechanics / Zeitschrift für Angewandte Mathematik und Mechanik Y1 - 1982 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/zamm.19820620203 SN - 1521-4001 VL - 62 IS - 2 SP - 77 EP - 93 ER - TY - PAT A1 - Al-Kaidy, Huschyar A1 - Tippkötter, Nils A1 - Ulber, Roland T1 - Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Bestimmung des Kontaktwinkels eines Flüssigkörpers mit einer Festkörperoberfläche N2 - Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung und ein Verfahren zur Bestimmung des Kontaktwinkels eines flüssigen oder mit Flüssigkeit gefüllten Körpers. Dieser besteht aus einem Träger (1) und einer damit verbundenen, in einem Winkelbereich von mehr als 0 ° bis maximal 90 ° neigbaren Ebene (8) mit einer darin ausgebildeten Abrollbahn (9) für den flüssigen oder mit Flüssigkeit gefüllten Körper. An der Ebene (8) sind mehrere Sensoren (11,12) zur Erfassung der Rolldauer des Körpers entlang der Rollstrecke angeordnet. Erfindungsgemäß ist vorgesehen, dass die Einstellung des Neigungswinkels der Ebene (8) über ein Winkelmessgerät (10) erfolgt, wodurch ein Abrollwinkel erfassbar ist, bei dem der Körper in Bewegung gerät. Aus der Rolldauer, der Rollstrecke und dem Abrollwinkel wird der Kontaktwinkel des Körpers ermittelt. Y1 - 2016 N1 - Patent auch unter DE102014000419 und WO2015107159 veröffentlicht. ER - TY - PAT A1 - Huschyar, Al-Kaidy A1 - Tippkötter, Nils A1 - Ulber, Roland T1 - System und Verfahren zur Durchführung von chemischen, biologischen oder physikalischen Reaktionen Y1 - 2015 N1 - Patent EP2821134A1 ER - TY - PAT A1 - Stadtmüller, Ralf A1 - Tippkötter, Nils A1 - Ulber, Roland T1 - Method for production of single-stranded macronucleotides N2 - The invention relates to a method for production of single-stranded macronucleotides by amplifying and ligating an extended monomeric single-stranded target nucleic acid sequence (targetss) into a repetitive cluster of double-stranded target nucleic acid sequences (targetds), and subsequently cloning the construct into a vector (aptagene vector). The aptagene vector is transformed into host cells for replication of the aptagene and isolated in order to optain single-stranded target sequences (targetss). The invention also relates to single-stranded nucleic acids, produced by a method of the invention. Y1 - 2015 N1 - Patent auch unter EP2774996, EP2774996, US2017145460 und US9944966 veröffentlicht. ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Khayyam, Hamid A1 - Jamali, Ali A1 - Bab-Hadiashar, Alireza A1 - Esch, Thomas A1 - Ramakrishna, Seeram A1 - Jalil, Mahdi A1 - Naebe, Minoo T1 - A Novel Hybrid Machine Learning Algorithm for Limited and Big Data Modelling with Application in Industry 4.0 JF - IEEE Access N2 - To meet the challenges of manufacturing smart products, the manufacturing plants have been radically changed to become smart factories underpinned by industry 4.0 technologies. The transformation is assisted by employment of machine learning techniques that can deal with modeling both big or limited data. This manuscript reviews these concepts and present a case study that demonstrates the use of a novel intelligent hybrid algorithms for Industry 4.0 applications with limited data. In particular, an intelligent algorithm is proposed for robust data modeling of nonlinear systems based on input-output data. In our approach, a novel hybrid data-driven combining the Group-Method of Data-Handling and Singular-Value Decomposition is adapted to find an offline deterministic model combined with Pareto multi-objective optimization to overcome the overfitting issue. An Unscented-Kalman-Filter is also incorporated to update the coefficient of the deterministic model and increase its robustness against data uncertainties. The effectiveness of the proposed method is examined on a set of real industrial measurements. Y1 - 2020 SN - 2169-3536 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2020.2999898 SP - 1 EP - 12 PB - IEEE CY - New York, NY ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Wulfhorst, Helene A1 - Merseburg, Johannes A1 - Tippkötter, Nils T1 - Analyse von Lignocellulose mittels dynamischer Differenzkalorimetrie und Infrarot – Spektrometrie T2 - 12. Dresdner Sensor-Symposium 2015 2015-12-07 - 2015-12-09 Y1 - 2015 SN - 978-3-9813484-9-1 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5162/12dss2015/P6.2 SP - 210 EP - 215 ER - TY - RPRT A1 - Tippkötter, Nils A1 - Wagner, Sebastian T1 - Biomimetischer Klebstoff aus ligninhaltigen Pflanzenresten (Teilvorhaben 1 und 2) : Schlussbericht zum Vorhaben : Laufzeit: 01.01.2016 bis 31.03.2019 Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.2314/KXP:169732777X N1 - Förderkennzeichen BMEL 22030514 - 22004615 PB - FH Aachen CY - Jülich ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Rausch, Valentin A1 - Harbrecht, Andreas A1 - Kahmann, Stephanie Lucina A1 - Fenten, Thomas A1 - Jovanovic, Nebojsa A1 - Hackl, Michael A1 - Müller, Lars P. A1 - Staat, Manfred A1 - Wegmann, Kilian T1 - Osteosynthesis of Phalangeal Fractures: Biomechanical Comparison of Kirschner Wires, Plates, and Compression Screws JF - The Journal of Hand Surgery N2 - Purpose The aim of this study was to compare several osteosynthesis techniques (intramedullary headless compression screws, T-plates, and Kirschner wires) for distal epiphyseal fractures of proximal phalanges in a human cadaveric model. Methods A total of 90 proximal phalanges from 30 specimens (index, ring, and middle fingers) were used for this study. After stripping off all soft tissue, a transverse distal epiphyseal fracture was simulated at the proximal phalanx. The 30 specimens were randomly assigned to 1 fixation technique (30 per technique), either a 3.0-mm intramedullary headless compression screw, locking plate fixation with a 2.0-mm T-plate, or 2 oblique 1.0-mm Kirschner wires. Displacement analysis (bending, distraction, and torsion) was performed using optical tracking of an applied random speckle pattern after osteosynthesis. Biomechanical testing was performed with increasing cyclic loading and with cyclic load to failure using a biaxial torsion-tension testing machine. Results Cannulated intramedullary compression screws showed significantly less displacement at the fracture site in torsional testing. Furthermore, screws were significantly more stable in bending testing. Kirschner wires were significantly less stable than plating or screw fixation in any cyclic load to failure test setup. Conclusions Intramedullary compression screws are a highly stable alternative in the treatment of transverse distal epiphyseal phalangeal fractures. Kirschner wires seem to be inferior regarding displacement properties and primary stability. Clinical relevance Fracture fixation of phalangeal fractures using plate osteosynthesis may have the advantage of a very rigid reduction, but disadvantages such as stiffness owing to the more invasive surgical approach and soft tissue irritation should be taken into account. Headless compression screws represent a minimally invasive choice for fixation with good biomechanical properties. Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhsa.2020.04.010 SN - 0363-5023 VL - 45 IS - 10 SP - 987.e1 EP - 987.e8 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Reger, Vitali A1 - Kuhnhenne, Markus A1 - Ebbert, Thiemo A1 - Hachul, Helmut A1 - Blanke, Tobias A1 - Döring, Bernd T1 - Nutzung erneuerbarer Energien durch thermische Aktivierung von Komponenten aus Stahl JF - Stahlbau N2 - Die Versorgung von Neubauten soll möglichst weitgehend unabhängig von fossilen Energieträgern erfolgen. Erneuerbare Energien spielen dafür eine gewichtige Rolle. Eine gute Möglichkeit, erneuerbare Energien ohne viel zusätzlichen Aufwand nutzbar zu machen, ist, bereits vorhandenen Komponenten im Gebäude zusätzliche Funktionen zu geben. Hier kann bspw. die Fassade oder das Dach solarthermisch aktiviert oder durch Fotovoltaikmodule ergänzt werden. Auch Tiefgründungen können neben der statischen Funktion noch eine geothermische Funktion zur Aufnahme oder Abgabe von Wärme erhalten. Neben der Erzeugung bietet sich auch für die Verteilung der Wärme oder Kälte im Gebäude die Integration in Bauteile an. Hier kann bspw. der Boden durch eine Fußbodenheizung oder die Decke durch Deckenstrahlplatten aktiviert werden. Im Rahmen der Veröffentlichung wird auf die thermische Aktivierung von Stahlkomponenten eingegangen. Es wird eine Lösung vorgestellt, die vorgehängte hinterlüftete Stahlfassade (VHF) solarthermisch zu aktivieren. Außerdem werden zwei Möglichkeiten zur geothermischen Aktivierung von Tiefgründungen mittels Stahlpfählen gezeigt. Zuletzt wird ein System zur thermischen Aktivierung von Stahltrapezprofilen an der Decke erläutert, welches Wärme zuführen oder bei Bedarf abführen kann. Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/stab.202000031 SN - 1437-1049 VL - 2020 IS - Volume 89, Issue 6512-519 SP - 512 EP - 519 PB - Ernst & Sohn CY - Berlin ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Edip, K. A1 - Sesov, V. A1 - Butenweg, Christoph A1 - Bojadjieva, J. T1 - Development of coupled numerical model for simulation of multiphase soil JF - Computers and Geotechnics N2 - In this paper, a coupled multiphase model considering both non-linearities of water retention curves and solid state modeling is proposed. The solid displacements and the pressures of both water and air phases are unknowns of the proposed model. The finite element method is used to solve the governing differential equations. The proposed method is demonstrated through simulation of seepage test and partially consolidation problem. Then, implementation of the model is done by using hypoplasticity for the solid phase and analyzing the fully saturated triaxial experiments. In integration of the constitutive law error controlling is improved and comparisons done accordingly. In this work, the advantages and limitations of the numerical model are discussed. Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compgeo.2017.08.016 SN - 0266-352X VL - 96 SP - 118 EP - 131 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Pohle-Fröhlich, Regina A1 - Dalitz, Christoph A1 - Richter, Charlotte A1 - Hahnen, Tobias A1 - Stäudle, Benjamin A1 - Albracht, Kirsten T1 - Estimation of muscle fascicle orientation in ultrasonic images T2 - Proceedings of the 15th International Joint Conference on Computer Vision, Imaging and Computer Graphics Theory and Applications - Volume 5 N2 - We compare four different algorithms for automatically estimating the muscle fascicle angle from ultrasonic images: the vesselness filter, the Radon transform, the projection profile method and the gray level cooccurence matrix (GLCM). The algorithm results are compared to ground truth data generated by three different experts on 425 image frames from two videos recorded during different types of motion. The best agreement with the ground truth data was achieved by a combination of pre-processing with a vesselness filter and measuring the angle with the projection profile method. The robustness of the estimation is increased by applying the algorithms to subregions with high gradients and performing a LOESS fit through these estimates. Y1 - 2020 SN - 978-989-758-402-2 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5220/0008933900790086 N1 - 15th International Joint Conference on Computer Vision, Imaging and Computer Graphics Theory and Applications VISAPP 2020, Valletta, Malta SP - 79 EP - 86 PB - SciTePress CY - Setúbal, Portugal ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Quittmann, Oliver J. A1 - Abel, Thomas A1 - Albracht, Kirsten A1 - Meskemper, Joshua A1 - Foitschik, Tina A1 - Strüder, Heiko K. T1 - Biomechanics of handcycling propulsion in a 30-min continuous load test at lactate threshold: Kinetics, kinematics, and muscular activity in able-bodied participants JF - European Journal of Applied Physiology N2 - Purpose This study aims to investigate the biomechanics of handcycling during a continuous load trial (CLT) to assess the mechanisms underlying fatigue in upper body exercise. Methods Twelve able-bodied triathletes performed a 30-min CLT at a power output corresponding to lactate threshold in a racing recumbent handcycle mounted on a stationary ergometer. During the CLT, ratings of perceived exertion (RPE), tangential crank kinetics, 3D joint kinematics, and muscular activity of ten muscles of the upper extremity and trunk were examined using motion capturing and surface electromyography. Results During the CLT, spontaneously chosen cadence and RPE increased, whereas crank torque decreased. Rotational work was higher during the pull phase. Peripheral RPE was higher compared to central RPE. Joint range of motion decreased for elbow-flexion and radial-duction. Integrated EMG (iEMG) increased in the forearm flexors, forearm extensors, and M. deltoideus (Pars spinalis). An earlier onset of activation was found for M. deltoideus (Pars clavicularis), M. pectoralis major, M. rectus abdominis, M. biceps brachii, and the forearm flexors. Conclusion Fatigue-related alterations seem to apply analogously in handcycling and cycling. The most distal muscles are responsible for force transmission on the cranks and might thus suffer most from neuromuscular fatigue. The findings indicate that peripheral fatigue (at similar lactate values) is higher in handcycling compared to leg cycling, at least for inexperienced participants. An increase in cadence might delay peripheral fatigue by a reduced vascular occlusion. We assume that the gap between peripheral and central fatigue can be reduced by sport-specific endurance training. Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-020-04373-x SN - 1439-6327 IS - 120 SP - 1403 EP - 1415 PB - Springer CY - Heidelberg ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Eggert, Mathias A1 - Alberts, Jens T1 - Frontiers of business intelligence and analytics 3.0: a taxonomy-based literature review and research agenda JF - Business Research N2 - Researching the field of business intelligence and analytics (BI & A) has a long tradition within information systems research. Thereby, in each decade the rapid development of technologies opened new room for investigation. Since the early 1950s, the collection and analysis of structured data were the focus of interest, followed by unstructured data since the early 1990s. The third wave of BI & A comprises unstructured and sensor data of mobile devices. The article at hand aims at drawing a comprehensive overview of the status quo in relevant BI & A research of the current decade, focusing on the third wave of BI & A. By this means, the paper’s contribution is fourfold. First, a systematically developed taxonomy for BI & A 3.0 research, containing seven dimensions and 40 characteristics, is presented. Second, the results of a structured literature review containing 75 full research papers are analyzed by applying the developed taxonomy. The analysis provides an overview on the status quo of BI & A 3.0. Third, the results foster discussions on the predicted and observed developments in BI & A research of the past decade. Fourth, research gaps of the third wave of BI & A research are disclosed and concluded in a research agenda. Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s40685-020-00108-y SN - 2198-2627 VL - 2020 IS - 13 SP - 685 EP - 739 PB - Springer CY - Heidelberg ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Akimbekov, Nuraly S. A1 - Digel, Ilya A1 - Abdieva, Gulzhamal A1 - Ualieva, Perizat A1 - Tastambek, Kuanysh T1 - Lignite biosolubilization and bioconversion by Bacillus sp.: the collation of analytical data JF - Biofuels N2 - The vast metabolic potential of microbes in brown coal (lignite) processing and utilization can greatly contribute to innovative approaches to sustainable production of high-value products from coal. In this study, the multi-faceted and complex coal biosolubilization process by Bacillus sp. RKB 7 isolate from the Kazakhstan coal-mining soil is reported, and the derived products are characterized. Lignite solubilization tests performed for surface and suspension cultures testify to the formation of numerous soluble lignite-derived substances. Almost 24% of crude lignite (5% w/v) was solubilized within 14 days under slightly alkaline conditions (pH 8.2). FTIR analysis revealed various functional groups in the obtained biosolubilization products. Analyses of the lignite-derived humic products by UV-Vis and fluorescence spectrometry as well as elemental analysis yielded compatible results indicating the emerging products had a lower molecular weight and degree of aromaticity. Furthermore, XRD and SEM analyses were used to evaluate the biosolubilization processes from mineralogical and microscopic points of view. The findings not only contribute to a deeper understanding of microbe–mineral interactions in coal environments, but also contribute to knowledge of coal biosolubilization and bioconversion with regard to sustainable production of humic substances. The detailed and comprehensive analyses demonstrate the huge biotechnological potential of Bacillus sp. for agricultural productivity and environmental health. KW - humic acid KW - Bacillus sp KW - lignite KW - Biosolubilization Y1 - 2021 SN - 1759-7277 VL - 12 IS - 3 SP - 247 EP - 258 PB - Taylor & Francis CY - London ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Richter, L. A1 - Wichern, M. A1 - Grömping, Markus A1 - Robecke, U. A1 - Haberkamp, J. T1 - Ammonium recovery from process water of digested sludge dewatering by membrane contactors JF - Water Practice and Technology N2 - Membrane contactors are a promising alternative for nitrogen removal and recovery from process water compared to other physicochemical and biological sidestream treatment processes. Münster wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) is the first municipal WWTP in Germany operating a full-scale membrane contactor system to improve the nitrogen elimination and recovery efficiency. Factors influencing the operation and membrane performance are investigated in an accompanying research project. Additional operational aspects of the applied membrane modules are investigated in detail using a bench-scale membrane contactor. First results of the full-scale application demonstrate a high nitrogen removal efficiency of >95%. Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.2166/wpt.2020.002 SN - 1751-231X VL - 15 IS - 1 SP - 84 EP - 91 PB - IWA Publishing CY - London ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Bayer, Robin A1 - Temiz Artmann, Aysegül A1 - Digel, Ilya A1 - Falkenstein, Julia A1 - Artmann, Gerhard A1 - Creutz, Till A1 - Hescheler, Jürgen T1 - Mechano-pharmacological testing of L-Type Ca²⁺ channel modulators via human vascular celldrum model JF - Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry N2 - Background/Aims: This study aimed to establish a precise and well-defined working model, assessing pharmaceutical effects on vascular smooth muscle cell monolayer in-vitro. It describes various analysis techniques to determine the most suitable to measure the biomechanical impact of vasoactive agents by using CellDrum technology. Methods: The so-called CellDrum technology was applied to analyse the biomechanical properties of confluent human aorta muscle cells (haSMC) in monolayer. The cell generated tensions deviations in the range of a few N/m² are evaluated by the CellDrum technology. This study focuses on the dilative and contractive effects of L-type Ca²⁺ channel agonists and antagonists, respectively. We analyzed the effects of Bay K8644, nifedipine and verapamil. Three different measurement modes were developed and applied to determine the most appropriate analysis technique for the study purpose. These three operation modes are called, particular time mode" (PTM), "long term mode" (LTM) and "real-time mode" (RTM). Results: It was possible to quantify the biomechanical response of haSMCs to the addition of vasoactive agents using CellDrum technology. Due to the supplementation of 100nM Bay K8644, the tension increased approximately 10.6% from initial tension maximum, whereas, the treatment with nifedipine and verapamil caused a significant decrease in cellular tension: 10nM nifedipine decreased the biomechanical stress around 6,5% and 50nM verapamil by 2,8%, compared to the initial tension maximum. Additionally, all tested measurement modes provide similar results while focusing on different analysis parameters. Conclusion: The CellDrum technology allows highly sensitive biomechanical stress measurements of cultured haSMC monolayers. The mechanical stress responses evoked by the application of vasoactive calcium channel modulators were quantified functionally (N/m²). All tested operation modes resulted in equal findings, whereas each mode features operation-related data analysis. Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.33594/000000225 SN - 1421-9778 VL - 54 SP - 371 EP - 383 PB - Cell Physiol Biochem Press CY - Düsseldorf ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hüning, Felix A1 - De Matteis, Stefan T1 - Entwicklung eines taktilen HMI für sehbehinderte und blinde Nutzerinnen und Nutzer JF - Blind - sehbehindert Y1 - 2020 SN - 0176-7836 VL - 140 IS - 2 SP - 9 EP - 19 PB - Edition Bentheim CY - Würzburg ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Dantism, Shahriar A1 - Röhlen, Desiree A1 - Dahmen, Markus A1 - Wagner, Torsten A1 - Wagner, Patrick A1 - Schöning, Michael Josef T1 - LAPS-based monitoring of metabolic responses of bacterial cultures in a paper fermentation broth JF - Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical N2 - As an alternative renewable energy source, methane production in biogas plants is gaining more and more attention. Biomass in a bioreactor contains different types of microorganisms, which should be considered in terms of process-stability control. Metabolically inactive microorganisms within the fermentation process can lead to undesirable, time-consuming and cost-intensive interventions. Hence, monitoring of the cellular metabolism of bacterial populations in a fermentation broth is crucial to improve the biogas production, operation efficiency, and sustainability. In this work, the extracellular acidification of bacteria in a paper-fermentation broth is monitored after glucose uptake, utilizing a differential light-addressable potentiometric sensor (LAPS) system. The LAPS system is loaded with three different model microorganisms (Escherichia coli, Corynebacterium glutamicum, and Lactobacillus brevis) and the effect of the fermentation broth at different process stages on the metabolism of these bacteria is studied. In this way, different signal patterns related to the metabolic response of microorganisms can be identified. By means of calibration curves after glucose uptake, the overall extracellular acidification of bacterial populations within the fermentation process can be evaluated. Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.snb.2020.128232 SN - 0925-4005 VL - 320 IS - Art. 128232 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Kirsch, Maximilian A1 - Mataré, Victor A1 - Ferrein, Alexander A1 - Schiffer, Stefan T1 - Integrating golog++ and ROS for Practical and Portable High-level Control T2 - Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Agents and Artificial Intelligence - Volume 2 N2 - The field of Cognitive Robotics aims at intelligent decision making of autonomous robots. It has matured over the last 25 or so years quite a bit. That is, a number of high-level control languages and architectures have emerged from the field. One concern in this regard is the action language GOLOG. GOLOG has been used in a rather large number of applications as a high-level control language ranging from intelligent service robots to soccer robots. For the lower level robot software, the Robot Operating System (ROS) has been around for more than a decade now and it has developed into the standard middleware for robot applications. ROS provides a large number of packages for standard tasks in robotics like localisation, navigation, and object recognition. Interestingly enough, only little work within ROS has gone into the high-level control of robots. In this paper, we describe our approach to marry the GOLOG action language with ROS. In particular, we present our architecture on inte grating golog++, which is based on the GOLOG dialect Readylog, with the Robot Operating System. With an example application on the Pepper service robot, we show how primitive actions can be easily mapped to the ROS ActionLib framework and present our control architecture in detail. Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5220/0008984406920699 N1 - Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Agents and Artificial Intelligence: ICAART 2020, Valletta, Malta SP - 692 EP - 699 PB - SciTePress CY - Setúbal, Portugal ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Elgamal, Abdelrahman A1 - Heuermann, Holger T1 - Design and Development of a Hot S-Parameter Measurement System for Plasma and Magnetron Applications T2 - Proceedings of the 2020 German Microwave Conference N2 - This paper presents the design, development and calibration procedures of a novel hot S-parameter measurement system for plasma and magnetron applications with power level up to 6 kW. Based on a vector network analyzer, a power amplifier and two directional couplers, the input matching hotS 11 and transmission hotS 21 of the device under test are measured at 2.45 GHz center frequency and 300MHz bandwidth, while the device is driven by the magnetron. This measurement system opens a new horizon to develop many new industrial applications such as microwave plasma jets, dryer systems, dryers and so forth. Furthermore, the developing, controlling and monitoring a 2kW 2.45GHz plasma jet and a dryer system using the measurement system are presented and explained. Y1 - 2020 SN - 978-3-9820397-1-8 N1 - 13th German Microwave Conference 2020, March 09–11, Cottbus SP - 124 EP - 127 PB - IEEE CY - New York, NY ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Heuermann, Holger T1 - Mikrowellentechnik: Feldsimulation, nichtlineare Schaltungstechnik, Komponenten und Subsysteme, Plasmatechnik, Antennen und Ausbreitung Y1 - 2020 SN - 978-3-658-29023-8 (eBook) SN - 978-3-658-29022-1 (Print) U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-29023-8 N1 - auch gedruckt in der Bereichsbibliothek Eupener Str. unter der Signatur 21 YFD 12 PB - Springer Vieweg CY - Wiesbaden ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Quitter, Julius A1 - Marino, Matthew A1 - Bauschat, J.-Michael T1 - Highly Non-Planar Aircraft Configurations: Estimation of Flight Mechanical Derivatives Using Low-Order Methods T2 - Deutscher Luft- und Raumfahrtkongress 2019, DLRK 2019. Darmstadt, Germany Y1 - 2019 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Finger, Felix A1 - Khalsa, R. A1 - Kreyer, Jörg A1 - Mayntz, Joscha A1 - Braun, Carsten A1 - Dahmann, Peter A1 - Esch, Thomas A1 - Kemper, Hans A1 - Schmitz, O. A1 - Bragard, Michael T1 - An approach to propulsion system modelling for the conceptual design of hybrid-electric general aviation aircraft T2 - Deutscher Luft- und Raumfahrtkongress 2019, 30.9.-2.10.2019, Darmstadt N2 - In this paper, an approach to propulsion system modelling for hybrid-electric general aviation aircraft is presented. Because the focus is on general aviation aircraft, only combinations of electric motors and reciprocating combustion engines are explored. Gas turbine hybrids will not be considered. The level of the component's models is appropriate for the conceptual design stage. They are simple and adaptable, so that a wide range of designs with morphologically different propulsive system architectures can be quickly compared. Modelling strategies for both mass and efficiency of each part of the propulsion system (engine, motor, battery and propeller) will be presented. Y1 - 2019 ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Bröder, Alois A1 - Bauschke, Stefan M. T1 - Strom-Messwandler: Informationen für Anwender Y1 - 2019 SN - 978-3-8440-6233-5 N1 - gedruckt in der Bereichsbibliothek Jülich unter der Signatur 61 XXA 10 PB - Shaker CY - Düren ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Fabo, Sabine A1 - Kurz, Melanie T1 - Vielen Dank für Ihren Einkauf: Konsumkultur aus Sicht von Design, Kunst und Medien / Sabine Fabo, Melanie Kurz (Hg.) N2 - Auch mit der jüngsten Finanzkrise hat die Konsumkultur nichts von ihrer Bedeutung als massenkulturelles Phänomen eingebüßt. Im Gegenteil: Das aktuelle Krisenbewusstsein sucht Halt im Konsum, der seinen Verfechtern noch immer als Modell demokratischer Teilhabe an gesellschaftlicher Produktion gilt. Zugleich ist die Konsumkritik der 1960er Jahre in Richtung eines intelligenten und nachhaltigen Konsums weitergeführt worden, und selbstbewusste Konsumenten treten nun als emanzipierte »Prosumer« und Mitakteure des Marktes auf. Das Buch entwickelt aus Sicht von Design, Kunst, Soziologie, Marketing und Medien neue Perspektiven auf das Phänomen Konsum. KW - Konsumgesellschaft KW - Medienforschung Y1 - 2012 SN - 978-3-8394-2170-3 U6 - https://doi.org/10.14361/transcript.9783839421703 PB - transcript CY - Bielefeld ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wardoyo, Arinto Y.P. A1 - Noor, Johan A.E. A1 - Elbers, Gereon A1 - Schmitz, Sandra A1 - Flaig, Sascha T. A1 - Budianto, Arif T1 - Characterizing volcanic ash elements from the 2015 eruptions of bromo and raung volcanoes, Indonesia JF - Polish Journal of Environmental Studies N2 - The volcanic eruptions of Mt. Bromo and Mt. Raung in East Java, Indonesia, in 2015 perturbed volcanic materials and affected surface-layer air quality at surrounding locations. During the episodes, the volcanic ash from the eruptions influenced visibility, traffic accidents, flight schedules, and human health. In this research, the volcanic ash particles were collected and characterized by relying on the detail of physical observation. We performed an assessment of the volcanic ash elements to characterize the volcanic ash using two different methods which are aqua regia extracts followed by MP-AES and XRF laboratory test of bulk samples. The analysis results showed that the volcanic ash was mixed of many materials, such as Al, Si, P, K, Ca, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Ni, and others. Fe, Si, Ca, and Al were found as the major elements, while the others were the trace elements Ba, Cr, Cu, Mn, P, Mn, Ni, Zn, Sb, Sr, and V with the minor concentrations. XRF analyses showed that Fe dominated the elements of the volcanic ash. The XRF analysis showed that Fe was at 35.40% in Bromo and 43.00% in Raung of the detected elements in bulk material. The results of aqua regia extracts analyzed by MP-AES were 1.80% and 1.70% of Fe element for Bromo and Raung volcanoes, respectively. Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.15244/pjoes/99101 SN - 2083-5906 VL - 29 IS - 2 SP - 1899 EP - 1907 PB - HARD CY - Olsztyn ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Paulsen, Svea A1 - Hoffstadt, Kevin A1 - Krafft, Simone A1 - Leite, A. A1 - Zang, J. A1 - Fonseca-Zang, W. A1 - Kuperjans, Isabel T1 - Continuous biogas production from sugarcane as sole substrate T2 - Energy Reports N2 - A German–Brazilian research project investigates sugarcane as an energy plant in anaerobic digestion for biogas production. The aim of the project is a continuous, efficient, and stable biogas process with sugarcane as the substrate. Tests are carried out in a fermenter with a volume of 10 l. In order to optimize the space–time load to achieve a stable process, a continuous process in laboratory scale has been devised. The daily feed in quantity and the harvest time of the substrate sugarcane has been varied. Analyses of the digester content were conducted twice per week to monitor the process: The ratio of inorganic carbon content to volatile organic acid content (VFA/TAC), the concentration of short-chain fatty acids, the organic dry matter, the pH value, and the total nitrogen, phosphate, and ammonium concentrations were monitored. In addition, the gas quality (the percentages of CO₂, CH₄, and H₂) and the quantity of the produced gas were analyzed. The investigations have exhibited feasible and economical production of biogas in a continuous process with energy cane as substrate. With a daily feeding rate of 1.68gᵥₛ/l*d the average specific gas formation rate was 0.5 m3/kgᵥₛ. The long-term study demonstrates a surprisingly fast metabolism of short-chain fatty acids. This indicates a stable and less susceptible process compared to other substrates. Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egyr.2019.08.035 N1 - 6th International Conference on Energy and Environment Research, ICEER 2019, 22–25 July, University of Aveiro, Portugal VL - 6 IS - Supplement 1 SP - 153 EP - 158 PB - Elsevier ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Finger, Felix A1 - Braun, Carsten A1 - Bil, Cees T1 - Impact of Battery Performance on the Initial Sizing of Hybrid-Electric General Aviation Aircraft JF - Journal of Aerospace Engineering N2 - Studies suggest that hybrid-electric aircraft have the potential to generate fewer emissions and be inherently quieter when compared to conventional aircraft. By operating combustion engines together with an electric propulsion system, synergistic benefits can be obtained. However, the performance of hybrid-electric aircraft is still constrained by a battery’s energy density and discharge rate. In this paper, the influence of battery performance on the gross mass for a four-seat general aviation aircraft with a hybrid-electric propulsion system is analyzed. For this design study, a high-level approach is chosen, using an innovative initial sizing methodology to determine the minimum required aircraft mass for a specific set of requirements and constraints. Only the peak-load shaving operational strategy is analyzed. Both parallel- and serial-hybrid propulsion configurations are considered for two different missions. The specific energy of the battery pack is varied from 200 to 1,000 W⋅h/kg, while the discharge time, and thus the normalized discharge rating (C-rating), is varied between 30 min (2C discharge rate) and 2 min (30C discharge rate). With the peak-load shaving operating strategy, it is desirable for hybrid-electric aircraft to use a light, low capacity battery system to boost performance. For this case, the battery’s specific power rating proved to be of much higher importance than for full electric designs, which have high capacity batteries. Discharge ratings of 20C allow a significant take-off mass reduction aircraft. The design point moves to higher wing loadings and higher levels of hybridization if batteries with advanced technology are used. Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)AS.1943-5525.0001113 SN - 1943-5525 VL - 33 IS - 3 PB - ASCE CY - Reston, Va. ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Köhler, Klemens A1 - Wolf, Martin R. T1 - Organisatorische Maßnahmen zu Erhöhung der IT Sicherheit – Empfehlungen aus der Perspektive der Konflikttheorie N2 - Die NATO definiert den Cyberspace als die "Umgebung, die durch physische und nicht-physische Bestandteile zum Speichern, Ändern, und Austauschen von Daten mit Hilfe von Computer-Netzwerken" [NATO CCDCOE]. Darüber hinaus ist es ein Medium menschlicher Interaktion. IT Angriffe sind feindselige, nichtkooperative Interaktionen, die mittels Konflikttheorie beschrieben werden können. Durch die Anwendung dieses Gedankengebäudes auf IT Sicherheit von Organisationen können eine Reihe von Verbesserungen in Unternehmen identifiziert werden. Y1 - 2020 IS - Preprint ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Köhler, Klemens T1 - A conflict theory perspective of IT attacks – consequences for IT security education N2 - Cyberspace is "the environment formed by physical and non-physical components to store, modify, and exchange data using computer networks" (NATO CCDCOE). Beyond that, it is an environment where people interact. IT attacks are hostile, non-cooperative interactions that can be described with conflict theory. Applying conflict theory to IT security leads to different objectives for end-user education, requiring different formats like agency-based competence developing games. Y1 - 2020 IS - Preprint ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kerres, Karsten A1 - Gredigk-Hoffmann, Sylvia A1 - Jathe, Rüdiger A1 - Orlik, Stefan A1 - Sariyildiz, Mustafa A1 - Schmidt, Torsten A1 - Sympher, Klaus-Jochen A1 - Uhlenbroch, Adrian T1 - Future approaches for sewer system condition assessment JF - Water Practice & Technology N2 - Different analytical approaches exist to describe the structural substance or wear reserve of sewer systems. The aim is to convert engineering assessments of often complex defect patterns into computational algorithms and determine a substance class for a sewer section or manhole. This analytically determined information is essential for strategic rehabilitation planning processes up to network level, as it corresponds to the most appropriate rehabilitation type and can thus provide decision-making support. Current calculation methods differ clearly from each other in parts, so that substance classes determined by the different approaches are only partially comparable with each other. The objective of the German R&D cooperation project ‘SubKanS’ is to develop a methodology for classifying the specific defect patterns resulting from the interaction of all the individual defects, and their severities and locations. The methodology takes into account the structural substance of sewer sections and manholes, based on real data and theoretical considerations analogous to the condition classification of individual defects. The result is a catalogue of defect patterns and characteristics, as well as associated structural substance classifications of sewer systems (substance classes). The methodology for sewer system substance classification is developed so that the classification of individual defects can be transferred into a substance class of the sewer section or manhole, eventually taking into account further information (e.g. pipe material, nominal diameter, etc.). The result is a validated methodology for automated sewer system substance classification. Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.2166/wpt.2020.027 SN - 1751-231X IS - 15 (2) SP - 386 EP - 393 PB - IWA Publishing CY - London ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Welden, Rene A1 - Schöning, Michael Josef A1 - Wagner, Patrick H. A1 - Wagner, Torsten T1 - Light-Addressable Electrodes for Dynamic and Flexible Addressing of Biological Systems and Electrochemical Reactions JF - Sensors N2 - In this review article, we are going to present an overview on possible applications of light-addressable electrodes (LAE) as actuator/manipulation devices besides classical electrode structures. For LAEs, the electrode material consists of a semiconductor. Illumination with a light source with the appropiate wavelength leads to the generation of electron-hole pairs which can be utilized for further photoelectrochemical reaction. Due to recent progress in light-projection technologies, highly dynamic and flexible illumination patterns can be generated, opening new possibilities for light-addressable electrodes. A short introduction on semiconductor–electrolyte interfaces with light stimulation is given together with electrode-design approaches. Towards applications, the stimulation of cells with different electrode materials and fabrication designs is explained, followed by analyte-manipulation strategies and spatially resolved photoelectrochemical deposition of different material types. Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/s20061680 SN - 1424-8220 VL - 20 IS - 6 PB - MDPI CY - Basel ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Reke, Michael A1 - Peter, Daniel A1 - Schulte-Tigges, Joschua A1 - Schiffer, Stefan A1 - Ferrein, Alexander A1 - Walter, Thomas A1 - Matheis, Dominik T1 - A Self-Driving Car Architecture in ROS2 T2 - 2020 International SAUPEC/RobMech/PRASA Conference, Cape Town, South Africa N2 - In this paper we report on an architecture for a self-driving car that is based on ROS2. Self-driving cars have to take decisions based on their sensory input in real-time, providing high reliability with a strong demand in functional safety. In principle, self-driving cars are robots. However, typical robot software, in general, and the previous version of the Robot Operating System (ROS), in particular, does not always meet these requirements. With the successor ROS2 the situation has changed and it might be considered as a solution for automated and autonomous driving. Existing robotic software based on ROS was not ready for safety critical applications like self-driving cars. We propose an architecture for using ROS2 for a self-driving car that enables safe and reliable real-time behaviour, but keeping the advantages of ROS such as a distributed architecture and standardised message types. First experiments with an automated real passenger car at lower and higher speed-levels show that our approach seems feasible for autonomous driving under the necessary real-time conditions. Y1 - 2020 SN - 978-1-7281-4162-6 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/SAUPEC/RobMech/PRASA48453.2020.9041020 N1 - 2020 International SAUPEC/RobMech/PRASA Conference, 29-31 Jan. 2020, Cape Town, South Africa SP - 1 EP - 6 PB - IEEE CY - New York, NY ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Muschallik, Lukas A1 - Molinnus, Denise A1 - Jablonski, Melanie A1 - Kipp, Carina Ronja A1 - Bongaerts, Johannes A1 - Pohl, Martina A1 - Wagner, Torsten A1 - Schöning, Michael Josef A1 - Selmer, Thorsten A1 - Siegert, Petra T1 - Synthesis of α-hydroxy ketones and vicinal (R, R)-diols by Bacillus clausii DSM 8716ᵀ butanediol dehydrogenase JF - RSC Advances N2 - α-hydroxy ketones (HK) and 1,2-diols are important building blocks for fine chemical synthesis. Here, we describe the R-selective 2,3-butanediol dehydrogenase from B. clausii DSM 8716ᵀ (BcBDH) that belongs to the metal-dependent medium chain dehydrogenases/reductases family (MDR) and catalyzes the selective asymmetric reduction of prochiral 1,2-diketones to the corresponding HK and, in some cases, the reduction of the same to the corresponding 1,2-diols. Aliphatic diketones, like 2,3-pentanedione, 2,3-hexanedione, 5-methyl-2,3-hexanedione, 3,4-hexanedione and 2,3-heptanedione are well transformed. In addition, surprisingly alkyl phenyl dicarbonyls, like 2-hydroxy-1-phenylpropan-1-one and phenylglyoxal are accepted, whereas their derivatives with two phenyl groups are not substrates. Supplementation of Mn²⁺ (1 mM) increases BcBDH's activity in biotransformations. Furthermore, the biocatalytic reduction of 5-methyl-2,3-hexanedione to mainly 5-methyl-3-hydroxy-2-hexanone with only small amounts of 5-methyl-2-hydroxy-3-hexanone within an enzyme membrane reactor is demonstrated. Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1039/D0RA02066D SN - 2046-2069 VL - 10 SP - 12206 EP - 12216 PB - Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC) CY - Cambridge ER -