TY - CHAP A1 - Schwarzer, Klemens A1 - Vieira, Maria Eugenia A1 - Müller, Christoph A1 - Lehmann, Harry A1 - Coutinho, Lecimara T1 - Modular solar thermal desalination system with flat plate collector T2 - RIO 3 - World Climate & Energy Event : proceedings of the international conference held in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 1 -5 december 2003 / chief-ed.: Stefan Krauter ... Y1 - 2003 SN - 85-902710-2-1 SP - 281 EP - 286 PB - Krauter CY - Rio de Janeiro ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Alexopoulos, Spiros A1 - Rau, Christoph A1 - Hoffschmidt, Bernhard A1 - Breitbach, Gerd A1 - Latzke, Markus T1 - Modelling and validation of a transient heat recovery steam generator of the solar tower power plant Juelich T2 - Eurosun 2012 : Solar energy for a brighter future : conference proceedings : Rijeka, 18.-22.09.2012 Y1 - 2012 SP - ID 97 CY - Rijeka ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Zahra, Mahdi A1 - Phani Srujan, Merige A1 - Caminos, Ricardo Alexander Chico A1 - Schmitz, Pascal A1 - Herrmann, Ulf A1 - Teixeira Boura, Cristiano José A1 - Schmitz, Mark A1 - Gielen, Hans A1 - Gedle, Yibekal A1 - Dersch, Jürgen T1 - Modeling the thermal behavior of solar salt in electrical resistance heaters for the application in PV-CSP hybrid power plants T2 - SOLARPACES 2020 N2 - Concentrated Solar Power (CSP) systems are able to store energy cost-effectively in their integrated thermal energy storage (TES). By intelligently combining Photovoltaics (PV) systems with CSP, a further cost reduction of solar power plants is expected, as well as an increase in dispatchability and flexibility of power generation. PV-powered Resistance Heaters (RH) can be deployed to raise the temperature of the molten salt hot storage from 385 °C up to 565 °C in a Parabolic Trough Collector (PTC) plant. To avoid freezing and decomposition of molten salt, the temperature distribution in the electrical resistance heater is investigated in the present study. For this purpose, a RH has been modeled and CFD simulations have been performed. The simulation results show that the hottest regions occur on the electric rod surface behind the last baffle. A technical optimization was performed by adjusting three parameters: Shell-baffle clearance, electric rod-baffle clearance and number of baffles. After the technical optimization was carried out, the temperature difference between the maximum temperature and the average outlet temperature of the salt is within the acceptable limits, thus critical salt decomposition has been avoided. Additionally, the CFD simulations results were analyzed and compared with results obtained with a one-dimensional model in Modelica. KW - Solar thermal technologies KW - Hybrid energy system KW - Concentrated solar power KW - Energy storage KW - Photovoltaics Y1 - 2022 SN - 978-0-7354-4195-8 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0086268 SN - 1551-7616 (online) SN - 0094-243X (print) N1 - SOLARPACES 2020: 26th International Conference on Concentrating Solar Power and Chemical Energy Systems, 28 September–2 October 2020, Freiburg, Germany IS - 2445 / 1 PB - AIP conference proceedings / American Institute of Physics CY - Melville, NY ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Rendon, Carlos A1 - Schwager, Christian A1 - Ghiasi, Mona A1 - Schmitz, Pascal A1 - Bohang, Fakhri A1 - Caminos, Ricardo Alexander Chico A1 - Teixeira Boura, Cristiano José A1 - Herrmann, Ulf T1 - Modeling and upscaling of a pilot bayonettube reactor for indirect solar mixed methane reforming T2 - AIP Conference Proceedings N2 - A 16.77 kW thermal power bayonet-tube reactor for the mixed reforming of methane using solar energy has been designed and modeled. A test bench for the experimental tests has been installed at the Synlight facility in Juelich, Germany and has just been commissioned. This paper presents the solar-heated reactor design for a combined steam and dry reforming as well as a scaled-up process simulation of a solar reforming plant for methanol production. Solar power towers are capable of providing large amounts of heat to drive high-endothermic reactions, and their integration with thermochemical processes shows a promising future. In the designed bayonet-tube reactor, the conventional burner arrangement for the combustion of natural gas has been substituted by a continuous 930 °C hot air stream, provided by means of a solar heated air receiver, a ceramic thermal storage and an auxiliary firing system. Inside the solar-heated reactor, the heat is transferred by means of convective mechanism mainly; instead of radiation mechanism as typically prevailing in fossil-based industrial reforming processes. A scaled-up solar reforming plant of 50.5 MWth was designed and simulated in Dymola® and AspenPlus®. In comparison to a fossil-based industrial reforming process of the same thermal capacity, a solar reforming plant with thermal storage promises a reduction up to 57 % of annual natural gas consumption in regions with annual DNI-value of 2349 kWh/m2. The benchmark solar reforming plant contributes to a CO2 avoidance of approx. 79 kilotons per year. This facility can produce a nominal output of 734.4 t of synthesis gas and out of this 530 t of methanol a day. Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0029974 N1 - SOLARPACES 2019: International Conference on Concentrating Solar Power and Chemical Energy Systems, 1–4 October 2019, Daegu, South Korea IS - 2303 SP - 170012-1 EP - 170012-9 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Schwager, Christian A1 - Angele, Florian A1 - Schwarzbözl, Peter A1 - Teixeira Boura, Cristiano José A1 - Herrmann, Ulf T1 - Model predictive assistance for operational decision making in molten salt receiver systems T2 - SolarPACES: Solar Power & Chemical Energy Systems N2 - Despite the challenges of pioneering molten salt towers (MST), it remains the leading technology in central receiver power plants today, thanks to cost effective storage integration and high cost reduction potential. The limited controllability in volatile solar conditions can cause significant losses, which are difficult to estimate without comprehensive modeling [1]. This paper presents a Methodology to generate predictions of the dynamic behavior of the receiver system as part of an operating assistance system (OAS). Based on this, it delivers proposals if and when to drain and refill the receiver during a cloudy period in order maximize the net yield and quantifies the amount of net electricity gained by this. After prior analysis with a detailed dynamic two-phase model of the entire receiver system, two different reduced modeling approaches where developed and implemented in the OAS. A tailored decision algorithm utilizes both models to deliver the desired predictions efficiently and with appropriate accuracy. KW - Power plants KW - Associated liquids KW - Decision theory KW - Electrochemistry Y1 - 2023 SN - 978-0-7354-4623-6 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0151514 SN - 1551-7616 (online) SN - 0094-243X (print) N1 - SolarPACES: SOLAR POWER & CHEMICAL ENERGY SYSTEMS: 27th International Conference on Concentrating Solar Power and Chemical Energy Systems, 27 September–1 October 2021, Online IS - 2815 / 1 PB - AIP conference proceedings / American Institute of Physics CY - Melville, NY ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Schulze-Buxloh, Lina A1 - Groß, Rolf Fritz T1 - Miniature urban farming plant: a complex educational “Toy” for engineering students T2 - The Future of Education 11th Edition 2021 N2 - Urban farming is an innovative and sustainable way of food production and is becoming more and more important in smart city and quarter concepts. It also enables the production of certain foods in places where they usually dare not produced, such as production of fish or shrimps in large cities far away from the coast. Unfortunately, it is not always possible to show students such concepts and systems in real life as part of courses: visits of such industry plants are sometimes not possible because of distance or are permitted by the operator for hygienic reasons. In order to give the students the opportunity of getting into contact with such an urban farming system and its complex operation, an industrial urban farming plant was set up on a significantly smaller scale. Therefore, all needed technical components like water aeriation, biological and mechanical filtration or water circulation have been replaced either by aquarium components or by self-designed parts also using a 3D-printer. Students from different courses like mechanical engineering, smart building engineering, biology, electrical engineering, automation technology and civil engineering were involved in this project. This “miniature industrial plant” was also able to start operation and has now been running for two years successfully. Due to Corona pandemic, home office and remote online lectures, the automation of this miniature plant should be brought to a higher level in future for providing a good control over the system and water quality remotely. The aim of giving the student a chance to get to know the operation of an urban farming plant was very well achieved and the students had lots of fun in “playing” and learning with it in a realistic way. KW - urban farming KW - food production KW - smart engineering KW - 3D printing KW - sustainability Y1 - 2021 N1 - FOE 2021 : The Future of Education International Conference – Fully Virtual Edition; 01.07.2021-02.07.2021; Florence, Italy ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Beckmöller, S. A1 - Wolters, J. A1 - Breitbach, Gerd A1 - Penkalla, H. J. A1 - Schubert, F. T1 - Microstructural dependent constitutive equation for inelastic analysis of internally cooled IN 738 LC turbine blades T2 - Materials for advanced power engineering 1994 : proceedings of a conference held in Liege, Belgium, 3 - 6 Oct. 1994 Y1 - 1995 SN - 0792330749 SP - 829 EP - 839 PB - Kluwer CY - Dordrecht ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Vieira da Silva, Maria Eugenia A1 - Schwarzer, Klemens A1 - Hoffschmidt, Bernhard A1 - Pinheiro Rodrigues, Frederico A1 - Schwarzer, Tarik A1 - Costa Rocha, Paulo Alexandre T1 - Mass transfer correlation for evaporation–condensation thermal process in the range of 70 °C–95 °C JF - Renewable energy Y1 - 2013 SN - 1879-0682 (E-Journal); 0960-1481 (Print) VL - Vol. 53 SP - 174 EP - 179 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Göttsche, Joachim A1 - Hove, T. T1 - Mapping global, diffuse and beam solar radiation over Zimbabwe / T. Hove ; J. Göttsche JF - Renewable energy. 18 (1999), H. 4 Y1 - 1999 SN - 1879-0682 SP - 535 EP - 556 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Anthrakidis, Anette A1 - Rusack, Markus A1 - Schwarzer, Klemens T1 - Low effort measurement method of PTC-efficiency T2 - SolarPACES 2010 : the CSP conference: electricity, fuels and clean water from concentrated solar energy ; 21 to 24 September 2010, Perpignan, France Y1 - 2010 SP - 48 EP - 49 PB - Soc. OSC CY - Saint Maur ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Hoffschmidt, Bernhard A1 - Faber, Christian T1 - Lighthouse project for North-Rhine Westfalia - Solar thermal R & D Power Planet in Jülich T2 - Energy security, climate change and sustainable development / ed. Jyotirmay Mathur ... Y1 - 2007 SN - 81-88342-81-5 SP - 101 EP - 116 PB - Anamaya Publ. CY - New Delhi ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Sauerborn, Markus T1 - Investigations to the influence of clouds and aerosols to the haze of the sunshape T2 - SolarPACES 2011 : concentrating solar power and chemical energy systems : 20 - 23 September, 2011, Granada, Spain Y1 - 2011 CY - Granada ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Reisgen, Uwe A1 - Schleser, Markus A1 - Abdurakhmanov, Aydemir A1 - Turichin, Gleb A1 - Valdaitseva, Elena A1 - Bach, Friedrich-Wilhelm A1 - Hassel, Thomas A1 - Beniyashi, Alexander T1 - Investigation of factors influencing the formation of weld defects in non-vacuum electron beam welding JF - The Paton welding journal N2 - The influence of welding condition parameters and properties of material on formation of defects, such as humping and undercuts, in non-vacuum electron beam welding was investigated. The influence of separate welding parameters on the quality of welds was determined. Y1 - 2012 SN - 0957-798X VL - 2012 IS - 2 SP - 11 EP - 18 PB - Paton Publishing House CY - Kiev ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Niederwestberg, Stefan A1 - Schneider, Falko A1 - Teixeira Boura, Cristiano José A1 - Herrmann, Ulf T1 - Introduction to a direct irradiated transparent tube particle receiver T2 - SOLARPACES 2020 N2 - New materials often lead to innovations and advantages in technical applications. This also applies to the particle receiver proposed in this work that deploys high-temperature and scratch resistant transparent ceramics. With this receiver design, particles are heated through direct-contact concentrated solar irradiance while flowing downwards through tubular transparent ceramics from top to bottom. In this paper, the developed particle receiver as well as advantages and disadvantages are described. Investigations on the particle heat-up characteristics from solar irradiance were carried out with DEM simulations which indicate that particle temperatures can reach up to 1200 K. Additionally, a simulation model was set up for investigating the dynamic behavior. A test receiver at laboratory scale has been designed and is currently being built. In upcoming tests, the receiver test rig will be used to validate the simulation results. The design and the measurement equipment is described in this work. KW - Solar irradiance KW - Ceramics Y1 - 2022 SN - 978-0-7354-4195-8 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0086735 SN - 1551-7616 (online) SN - 0094-243X (print) N1 - SOLARPACES 2020: 26th International Conference on Concentrating Solar Power and Chemical Energy Systems, 28 September–2 October 2020, Freiburg, Germany IS - 2445 / 1 PB - AIP conference proceedings / American Institute of Physics CY - Melville, NY ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Schulze-Buxloh, Lina A1 - Groß, Rolf Fritz T1 - Interdisciplinary Course Smart Building Engineering: A new approach of teaching freshmen in remote teamwork project under pandemic restrictions T2 - New Perspectives in Science Education - International Conference N2 - In the context of the Corona pandemic and its impact on teaching like digital lectures and exercises a new concept especially for freshmen in demanding courses of Smart Building Engineering became necessary. As there were hardly any face-to-face events at the university, the new teaching concept should enable a good start into engineering studies under pandemic conditions anyway and should also replace the written exam at the end. The students should become active themselves in small teams instead of listening passively to a lecture broadcast online with almost no personal contact. For this purpose, a role play was developed in which the freshmen had to work out a complete solution to the realistic problem of designing, construction planning and implementing a small guesthouse. Each student of the team had to take a certain role like architect, site manager, BIM-manager, electrician and the technitian for HVAC installations. Technical specifications must be complied with, as well as documentation, time planning and cost estimate. The final project folder had to contain technical documents like circuit diagrams for electrical components, circuit diagrams for water and heating, design calculations and components lists. On the other hand construction schedule, construction implementation plan, documentation of the construction progress and minutes of meetings between the various trades had to be submitted as well. In addition to the project folder, a model of the construction project must also be created either as a handmade model or as a digital 3D-model using Computer-aided design (CAD) software. The first steps in the field of Building information modelling (BIM) had also been taken by creating a digital model of the building showing the current planning status in real time as a digital twin. This project turned out to be an excellent training of important student competencies like teamwork, communication skills, and self -organisation and also increased motivation to work on complex technical questions. The aim of giving the student a first impression on the challenges and solutions in building projects with many different technical trades and their points of view was very well achieved and should be continued in the future. KW - Freshmen KW - roleplay KW - Smart Building Engineering KW - BIM KW - remote teamwork Y1 - 2021 N1 - New Perspectives in Science Education - 10th Edition, 18-19 March 2021, Fully Virtual Conference PB - Filodiritto CY - Bologna ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Fricke, Barbara A1 - Ziolko, C. A1 - Anthrakidis, Anette A1 - Alexopoulos, Spiros A1 - Hoffschmidt, Bernhard A1 - Dillig, M. A1 - Giese, F. T1 - InnoSol - life cycle analysis of solar power tower plants T2 - SolarPACES 2011 : concentrating solar power and chemical energy systems : 20 - 23 September, 2011, Granada, Spain Y1 - 2011 CY - Granada ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Fricke, Barbara A1 - Ziolko, C. A1 - Anthrakidis, Anette A1 - Alexopoulos, Spiros A1 - Hoffschmidt, Bernhard A1 - Giese, F. A1 - Dillig, M. T1 - InnoSol - environmental aspects of the open volumetric receiver technology T2 - 30th ISES Biennial Solar World Congress 2011 : : Kassel, Germany, 28 August - 2 September 2011. Vol. 5 Y1 - 2012 SP - 3895 EP - 3900 PB - Curran CY - Red Hook, NY ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Sauerborn, Markus A1 - Arshadi, S. A1 - Rohrmoser, R. T1 - Influence of clouds and aerosols to the haze of the sunshape T2 - 30th ISES Biennial Solar World Congress 2011 : Kassel, Germany, 28 August - 2 September 2011. Vol. 5 Y1 - 2012 SP - 3887 EP - 3894 PB - Curran CY - Red Hook, NY ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Schwager, Christian A1 - Teixeira Boura, Cristiano José A1 - Flesch, Robert A1 - Alexopoulos, Spiros A1 - Herrmann, Ulf T1 - Improved efficiency prediction of a molten salt receiver based on dynamic cloud passage simulation T2 - AIP Conference Proceedings Y1 - 2019 SN - 978-0-7354-1866-0 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5117566 VL - 2126 IS - 1 SP - 030054-1 EP - 030054-8 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Schwager, Christian A1 - Angele, Florian A1 - Nouri, Bijan A1 - Schwarzbözl, Peter A1 - Teixeira Boura, Cristiano José A1 - Herrmann, Ulf T1 - Impact of DNI forecast quality on performance prediction for a commercial scale solar tower: Application of nowcasting DNI maps to dynamic solar tower simulation T2 - SolarPACES 2022 conference proceedings N2 - Concerning current efforts to improve operational efficiency and to lower overall costs of concentrating solar power (CSP) plants with prediction-based algorithms, this study investigates the quality and uncertainty of nowcasting data regarding the implications for process predictions. DNI (direct normal irradiation) maps from an all-sky imager-based nowcasting system are applied to a dynamic prediction model coupled with ray tracing. The results underline the need for high-resolution DNI maps in order to predict net yield and receiver outlet temperature realistically. Furthermore, based on a statistical uncertainty analysis, a correlation is developed, which allows for predicting the uncertainty of the net power prediction based on the corresponding DNI forecast uncertainty. However, the study reveals significant prediction errors and the demand for further improvement in the accuracy at which local shadings are forecasted. KW - Process prediction KW - DNI forecasting KW - Nowcasting KW - Uncertainty analysis KW - Molten salt receiver system, Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.52825/solarpaces.v1i.675 SN - 2751-9899 (online) N1 - SolarPACES 2022, 28th International Conference on Concentrating Solar Power and Chemical Energy Systems, 27-30 September, Albuquerque, NM, USA IS - 1 PB - TIB Open Publishing CY - Hannover ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Groß, Rolf Fritz A1 - Hecken, M. A1 - Renz, Ulrich ED - Dittler, A. ED - Hemmer, G. ED - Kasper, G. T1 - Hot gas filtration with ceramic filter candles: experimental and numerical investigations on fluid flow during element cleaning T2 - High temperature gas cleaning. Vol. 2 N2 - Ceramic hot gas filters are widely used in combined cycles based on pressurised fluidised beds. They fulfil most of the demands with respect to cleaning efficiency and long time durability, but their operation regarding the consumption of pulse gas and energy still has to be optimised. Experimental investigations were carried out to measure the flow field, the pressure and the gas temperature inside the filter candle during pulse jet cleaning. These results are compared with the results of a numerical procedure based on a solution of the two - dimensional conservation equations for momentum and energy. The observed difficulties handling different flow regimes like highly turbulent flow as well as Darcy flow simultaneously are discussed. KW - 20 fossil-fueled power plants KW - hot gas cleanup KW - ceramics KW - filtration KW - gas flow Y1 - 1999 SN - 3-9805220-1-6 N1 - 4th International Symposium and Exhibition on Gas Cleaning at High Temperatures, 22.-24.09.1999, Karlsruhe SP - 862 EP - 873 PB - KIT Institut für Mechanische Verfahrenstechnik und Mechanik CY - Karlsruhe ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kronhardt, Valentina A1 - Alexopoulos, Spiros A1 - Reißel, Martin A1 - Sattler, Johannes, Christoph A1 - Hoffschmidt, Bernhard A1 - Hänel, Matthias A1 - Doerbeck, Till T1 - High-temperature thermal storage system for solar tower power plants with open-volumetric air receiver simulation and energy balancing of a discretized model JF - Energy procedia N2 - This paper describes the modeling of a high-temperature storage system for an existing solar tower power plant with open volumetric receiver technology, which uses air as heat transfer medium (HTF). The storage system model has been developed in the simulation environment Matlab/Simulink®. The storage type under investigation is a packed bed thermal energy storage system which has the characteristics of a regenerator. Thermal energy can be stored and discharged as required via the HTF air. The air mass flow distribution is controlled by valves, and the mass flow by two blowers. The thermal storage operation strategy has a direct and significant impact on the energetic and economic efficiency of the solar tower power plants. Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2014.03.094 SN - 1876-6102 (E-Journal) ; 1876-6102 (Print) VL - 49 SP - 870 EP - 877 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Hoffschmidt, Bernhard A1 - Alexopoulos, Spiros A1 - Göttsche, Joachim A1 - Sauerborn, Markus T1 - High concentration solar collectors T2 - Comprehensive renewable energy / ed. Ali Sayigh. Vol. 3: Solar thermal systems: components and applications N2 - Solar thermal concentrated power is an emerging technology that provides clean electricity for the growing energy market. To the solar thermal concentrated power plant systems belong the parabolic trough, the Fresnel collector, the solar dish, and the central receiver system. For high-concentration solar collector systems, optical and thermal analysis is essential. There exist a number of measurement techniques and systems for the optical and thermal characterization of the efficiency of solar thermal concentrated systems. For each system, structure, components, and specific characteristics types are described. The chapter presents additionally an outline for the calculation of system performance and operation and maintenance topics. One main focus is set to the models of components and their construction details as well as different types on the market. In the later part of this chapter, different criteria for the choice of technology are analyzed in detail. KW - Central receiver system KW - Concentrated solar collector KW - Fresnel collector KW - Optical and thermal analysis KW - Solar concentration Y1 - 2012 SN - 978-0-08-087873-7 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-08-087872-0.00306-1 VL - 3 SP - 165 EP - 209 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Hoffschmidt, Bernhard A1 - Alexopoulos, Spiros A1 - Göttsche, Joachim A1 - Sauerborn, Markus A1 - Kaufhold, O. T1 - High Concentration Solar Collectors T2 - Comprehensive Renewable Energy (Second Edition) / Volume 3: Solar Thermal Systems: Components and Applications N2 - Solar thermal concentrated power is an emerging technology that provides clean electricity for the growing energy market. To the solar thermal concentrated power plant systems belong the parabolic trough, the Fresnel collector, the solar dish, and the central receiver system. For high-concentration solar collector systems, optical and thermal analysis is essential. There exist a number of measurement techniques and systems for the optical and thermal characterization of the efficiency of solar thermal concentrated systems. For each system, structure, components, and specific characteristics types are described. The chapter presents additionally an outline for the calculation of system performance and operation and maintenance topics. One main focus is set to the models of components and their construction details as well as different types on the market. In the later part of this article, different criteria for the choice of technology are analyzed in detail. KW - Central receiver system KW - Concentrated solar collector KW - Solar dish KW - Solar concentration Y1 - 2022 SN - 978-0-12-819734-9 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-819727-1.00058-3 SP - 198 EP - 245 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Sauerborn, Markus A1 - Hoffschmidt, Bernhard A1 - Telle, R. A1 - Wagner, M. T1 - Heatable optical analyse system for high temperature absorbers T2 - 30th ISES Biennial Solar World Congress 2011 : : Kassel, Germany, 28 August - 2 September 2011. Vol. 5 Y1 - 2012 SN - 978-1-61839-364-7 SP - 3852 EP - 3860 PB - Curran CY - Red Hook, NY ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Velraj, R. A1 - Seeniraj, R. V. A1 - Hafner, B. A1 - Faber, Christian A1 - Schwarzer, Klemens T1 - Heat transfer enhancement in a latent heat storage system JF - Solar energy. Vol. 65, iss. 3 Y1 - 1999 SN - 0038-092X SP - 171 EP - 180 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Schulte, Jonas A1 - Schwager, Christian A1 - Noureldin, Kareem A1 - May, Martin A1 - Teixeira Boura, Cristiano José A1 - Herrmann, Ulf T1 - Gradient controlled startup procedure of a molten-salt power-to-heat energy storage plant based on dynamic process simulation T2 - SolarPACES: Solar Power & Chemical Energy Systems N2 - The integration of high temperature thermal energy storages into existing conventional power plants can help to reduce the CO2 emissions of those plants and lead to lower capital expenditures for building energy storage systems, due to the use of synergy effects [1]. One possibility to implement that, is a molten salt storage system with a powerful power-to-heat unit. This paper presents two possible control concepts for the startup of the charging system of such a facility. The procedures are implemented in a detailed dynamic process model. The performance and safety regarding the film temperatures at heat transmitting surfaces are investigated in the process simulations. To improve the accuracy in predicting the film temperatures, CFD simulations of the electrical heater are carried out and the results are merged with the dynamic model. The results show that both investigated control concepts are safe regarding the temperature limits. The gradient controlled startup performed better than the temperature-controlled startup. Nevertheless, there are several uncertainties that need to be investigated further. KW - Power plants KW - Energy storage KW - Associated liquids Y1 - 2023 SN - 978-0-7354-4623-6 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0148741 SN - 1551-7616 (online) SN - 0094-243X (print) N1 - SolarPACES: SOLAR POWER & CHEMICAL ENERGY SYSTEMS: 27th International Conference on Concentrating Solar Power and Chemical Energy Systems, 27 September–1 October 2021, Online IS - 2815 / 1 PB - AIP conference proceedings / American Institute of Physics CY - Melville, NY ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Peere, Wouter A1 - Blanke, Tobias ED - Vernon, Chris T1 - GHEtool: An open-source tool for borefield sizing in Python JF - Journal of Open Source Software N2 - GHEtool is a Python package that contains all the functionalities needed to deal with borefield design. It is developed for both researchers and practitioners. The core of this package is the automated sizing of borefield under different conditions. The sizing of a borefield is typically slow due to the high complexity of the mathematical background. Because this tool has a lot of precalculated data, GHEtool can size a borefield in the order of tenths of milliseconds. This sizing typically takes the order of minutes. Therefore, this tool is suited for being implemented in typical workflows where iterations are required. GHEtool also comes with a graphical user interface (GUI). This GUI is prebuilt as an exe-file because this provides access to all the functionalities without coding. A setup to install the GUI at the user-defined place is also implemented and available at: https://www.mech.kuleuven.be/en/tme/research/thermal_systems/tools/ghetool. KW - geothermal KW - energy KW - borefields KW - sizing Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.21105/joss.04406 SN - 2475-9066 VL - 7 IS - 76 SP - 1 EP - 4, 4406 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Fend, Thomas A1 - Hoffschmidt, Bernhard A1 - Reutter, Oliver A1 - Sauerhering, Jörg A1 - Pitz-Paal, Robert T1 - Gas flow in hot porous materials: the solar air receiver and spin-off applications T2 - Proceedings of the 4th Nanochannels, Microchannels and Minichannels - 2006 : presented at 4th Nanochannels, Microchannels and Minichannels, June 19 - 21, 2006, Limerick, Ireland Y1 - 2006 SN - 0-7918-4760-8 SP - 507 EP - 514 PB - ASME CY - New York, NY ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Breitbach, Gerd A1 - Alexopoulos, Spiros A1 - Hoffschmidt, Bernhard T1 - Fluid flow in porous ceramic multichannel crossflower filter modules Y1 - 2007 PB - COMSOL Inc. CY - Burlington, Mass. ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Göttsche, Joachim A1 - Hoffschmidt, Bernhard A1 - Alexopoulos, Spiros A1 - Funke, J. A1 - Schwarzbözl, P. T1 - First Simulation Results for the Hybridization of Small Solar Power Tower Plants JF - EuroSun 2008 : 1st International Conference on Solar Heating, Cooling and Buildings, 2008-10-07 - 2008-10-10, Lissabon (Portugal). Vol. 1 Y1 - 2008 SN - 978-1-61782-228-5 N1 - Kurzfassung unter http://elib.dlr.de/56357/ SP - 1299 EP - 1306 PB - Sociedade Portuguesa De Energia Solar (SPES) CY - Lisbon ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schwarzer, Klemens A1 - Vieira da Silva, Maria Eugenia A1 - Schwarzer, Tarik T1 - Field results in Namibia and Brazil of the new solar desalination system for decentralised drinking water production JF - Desalination and water treatment. Vol. 31 (2011), iss. 1-3: selected papers presented at EuroMed 2010 — Desalination for Clean Water and Energy: Cooperation among Mediterranean Countries of Europe and MENA Region, 3–7 October 2010, Tel Aviv, Israel Y1 - 2011 SP - 379 EP - 386 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - El Moussaoui, Noureddine A1 - Talbi, Sofian A1 - Atmane, Ilyas A1 - Kassmi, Khalil A1 - Schwarzer, Klemens A1 - Chayeb, Hamid A1 - Bachiri, Najib T1 - Feasibility of a new design of a Parabolic Trough Solar Thermal Cooker (PSTC) JF - Solar Energy N2 - In this article, we describe the structure, the functioning, and the tests of parabolic trough solar thermal cooker (PSTC). This oven is designed to meet the needs of rural residents, including Urban, which requires stable cooking temperatures above 200 °C. The cooking by this cooker is based on the concentration of the sun's rays on a glass vacuum tube and heating of the oil circulate in a big tube, located inside the glass tube. Through two small tubes, associated with large tube, the heated oil, rise and heats the pot of cooking pot containing the food to be cooked (capacity of 5 kg). This cooker is designed in Germany and extensively tested in Morocco for use by the inhabitants who use wood from forests. During a sunny day, having a maximum solar radiation around 720 W/m2 and temperature ambient around 26 °C, maximum temperatures recorded of the small tube, the large tube and the center of the pot are respectively: 370 °C, 270 °C and 260 °C. The cooking process with food at high (fries, ..), we show that the cooking oil temperature rises to 200 °C, after 1 h of heating, the cooking is done at a temperature of 120 °C for 20 min. These temperatures are practically stable following variations and decreases in the intensity of irradiance during the day. The comparison of these results with those of the literature shows an improvement of 30–50 % on the maximum value of the temperature with a heat storage that could reach 60 min of autonomy. All the results obtained show the good functioning of the PSTC and the feasibility of cooking food at high temperature (>200 °C). Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.solener.2020.03.079 SN - 0038-092X VL - 201 IS - Vol. 201 (May 2020) SP - 866 EP - 871 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - CHAP A1 - May, Martin A1 - Breitbach, Gerd A1 - Alexopoulos, Spiros A1 - Latzke, Markus A1 - Bäumer, Klaus A1 - Uhlig, Ralf A1 - Söhn, Matthias A1 - Teixeira Boura, Cristiano José A1 - Herrmann, Ulf T1 - Experimental facility for investigations of wire mesh absorbers for pressurized gases T2 - AIP Conference Proceedings Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5117547 SN - 0094243X VL - 2126 SP - 030035-1 EP - 030035-9 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Krüger, Dirk A1 - Anthrakidis, Anette A1 - Fischer, Stephan A1 - Lokurlu, Ahmet A1 - Walder, Markus A1 - Croy, Reiner A1 - Quaschning, Volker T1 - Experiences with solar steam supply for an industrial steam network in the P3 Project T2 - SolarPACES 2009 : electricity, fuels and clean water powered by the sun ; 15 - 18 September 2009, Berlin, Germany ; the 15th SolarPACES conference ; proceedings Y1 - 2009 SN - 9783000287558 PB - Deutsches Zentrum f. Luft- u. Raumfahrt CY - Stuttgart ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Agrafiotis, Christos C. A1 - Mavroidis, Ilias A1 - Konstandopoulos, Athansios G. A1 - Hoffschmidt, Bernhard A1 - Stobbe, Per A1 - Romero, Manuel A1 - Fernandez-Quero, Valerio T1 - Evaluation of porous silicon carbide monolithic honeycombs as volumetric receivers/collectors of concentrated solar radiation JF - Solar energy materials and solar cells Y1 - 2007 SN - 1879-3398 (E-Journal); 0927-0248 (Print) VL - Vol. 91 IS - Iss. 6 SP - 474 EP - 488 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Sauerborn, Markus A1 - Klimek, J. A1 - Hoffschmidt, Bernhard A1 - Essen, H. A1 - Sieger, S. A1 - Biegel, G. A1 - Göttsche, Joachim A1 - Hilger, Patrick T1 - Eurosun 2012 : radar technology for heliostat posititon control T2 - Eurosun 2012 : Solar energy for a brighter future : conference proceedings : Rijeka, 18.-22.09.2012 Y1 - 2012 SP - ID 80 CY - Rijeka ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Lahrs, Lennart A1 - Krisam, Pierre A1 - Herrmann, Ulf T1 - Envisioning a collaborative energy system planning platform for the energy transition at the district level T2 - ECOS 2023. The 36th International Conference on Efficiency, Cost, Optimization, Simulation and Environmental Impact of Energy Systems N2 - Residential and commercial buildings account for more than one-third of global energy-related greenhouse gas emissions. Integrated multi-energy systems at the district level are a promising way to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by exploiting economies of scale and synergies between energy sources. Planning district energy systems comes with many challenges in an ever-changing environment. Computational modelling established itself as the state-of-the-art method for district energy system planning. Unfortunately, it is still cumbersome to combine standalone models to generate insights that surpass their original purpose. Ideally, planning processes could be solved by using modular tools that easily incorporate the variety of competing and complementing computational models. Our contribution is a vision for a collaborative development and application platform for multi-energy system planning tools at the district level. We present challenges of district energy system planning identified in the literature and evaluate whether this platform can help to overcome these challenges. Further, we propose a toolkit that represents the core technical elements of the platform. Lastly, we discuss community management and its relevance for the success of projects with collaboration and knowledge sharing at their core. KW - Energy system planning KW - District energy planning platform KW - District data model KW - Renewable energy integration Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.52202/069564-0284 N1 - ECOS 2023. The 36th International Conference on Efficiency, Cost, Optimization, Simulation and Environmental Impact of Energy Systems, 25-30 JUNE, 2023, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain SP - 3163 EP - 3170 PB - Procedings of ECOS 2023 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kearney, David W. A1 - Kelly, Bruce A1 - Herrmann, Ulf A1 - Cable, R. A1 - Pacheco, J. A1 - Mahoney, R. A1 - Price, Henry A1 - Blake, D. A1 - Nava, P. A1 - Potrovitza, N. T1 - Engineering Aspects of a Molten Salt Heat Transfer Fluid in a Trough Solar Field JF - Energy : the international journal Y1 - 2002 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0360-5442(03)00191-9 SN - 0360-5442 N1 - SolarPACES 2002, Zürich, Switzerland, 4–6 September 2002 VL - 29 IS - 5-6 (Special Issue SolarPaces) SP - 861 EP - 870 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Meliß, Michael A1 - Neskakis, A. A1 - Usbeck, S. A1 - Wagner, L. A1 - Wiediger, Jürgen T1 - Energy supply by coupled solar systems for decentralized application T2 - Harmony with nature : : proceedings / ISES Solar World Congress, Budapest 1993. International Solar Energy Society, Hungarian Section (H-ISES); Hungarian Solar Energy Society (HSES). Vol. 8: Biomass, agriculture, wind Y1 - 1993 SP - 343 EP - 348 PB - Hungarian Energy Society CY - Budapest ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Göttsche, Joachim A1 - Gabrysch, K. A1 - Schiller, H. A1 - Kauert, B. A1 - Schwarzer, Klemens T1 - Energetic Effects of demand – controlled ventilation retrofitting in a biochemical laboratory building JF - AIVC publications [Elektronische Ressource] / Air Infiltration and Ventilation Centre Y1 - 2004 N1 - AIVC Conference <25, Prague, 2004> SP - 50 PB - INIVE EEIG CY - Brussels ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Göttsche, Joachim A1 - Hinsch, Andreas A1 - Wittwer, Volker T1 - Electrochromic mixed WO3-TiO2 thin films produced by sputtering and the sol-gel technique : a comparison / J. Göttsche ; A. Hinsch ; V. Wittwer JF - Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells. 31 (1993), H. 3 Y1 - 1993 SN - 0927-0248 SP - 415 EP - 428 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Göttsche, Joachim T1 - Eldorado summer schools JF - Progress in solar energy education. 3 (1994) Y1 - 1994 SN - 1018-5607 SP - 31 EP - 33 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Göttsche, Joachim A1 - Schwarzer, Klemens A1 - Röther, Sascha A1 - Jellinghaus, Sabine A1 - Helten, G. A1 - Wittmann, R. T1 - Efficient daylighting, heating and shading with rooflight heliostats T2 - Renewables in a changing climate : from Nano to Urban Scale : CISBAT 2009 : 2-3 September 2009, EPFL, Lausanne, Switzerland : proceedings Y1 - 2009 SP - 243 EP - 246 PB - Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne CY - Lausanne ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Göttsche, Joachim A1 - Schwarzer, Klemens A1 - Röther, S. A1 - Jellinghaus, Sabine T1 - Efficient daylighting, heating and shading with rooflight heliostats JF - Conference Internationale Energie Solaire et Batiment Y1 - 2009 SP - 243 EP - 248 PB - EPFL CY - Lausanne ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Fricke, Barbara A1 - Hoffschmidt, Bernhard T1 - Ecobalance of a solar thermal tower power plant with volumetric receiver T2 - SolarPACES 2010 : the CSP Conference: electricity, fuels and clean water from concentrated solar energy ; 21 to 24 September 2010, Perpignan, France Y1 - 2010 SP - 87 EP - 88 PB - Soc. OSC CY - Saint Maur ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Hirsch, Tobias A1 - Ahlbrink, Nils A1 - Pitz-Paal, Robert A1 - Teixeira Boura, Cristiano José A1 - Hoffschmidt, Bernhard A1 - Gall, Jan A1 - Abel, Dirk A1 - Nolte, Vera A1 - Wirsum, Manfred A1 - Andersson, Joel A1 - Diehl, Moritz T1 - Dynamic simulation of a solar tower system with open volumetric receiver - a review on the ViCERP project T2 - SolarPACES 2011 : concentrating solar power and chemical energy systems : 20 - 23 September, 2011, Granada, Spain Y1 - 2011 CY - Granada ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Sattler, Johannes, Christoph A1 - Alexopoulos, Spiros A1 - Caminos, Ricardo Alexander Chico A1 - Mitchell, John C. A1 - Ruiz, Victor C. A1 - Kalogirou, Soteris A1 - Ktistis, Panayiotis K. A1 - Teixeira Boura, Cristiano José A1 - Herrmann, Ulf T1 - Dynamic simulation model of a parabolic trough collector system with concrete thermal energy storage for process steam generation T2 - AIP Conference Proceedings Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5117663 SN - 0094243X VL - 2126 SP - 150007-1 EP - 150007-8 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Janotte, N. A1 - Feckler, G. A1 - Kötter, Jens A1 - Decker, Stefan A1 - Herrmann, Ulf A1 - Schmitz, Mark A1 - Lüpfert, E. T1 - Dynamic performance evaluation of the HelioTrough® collector demonstration loop : towards a new benchmark in parabolic trough qualification T2 - SolarPACES International Conference 2013, Las Vegas, Nevada, USA, 17 - 20 September 2013 : [proceedings]. - Pt. 1. - (Energy procedia ; 49) Y1 - 2014 SN - 978-1-63266-904-9 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2014.03.012 SN - 1876-6102 N1 - Nebent.: Power and Chemical Energy Systems concentrating solar power SP - 109 EP - 117 PB - Curran CY - Red Hook, NY ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Sattler, Johannes Christoph A1 - Atti, Vikrama A1 - Alexopoulos, Spiros A1 - Teixeira Boura, Cristiano José A1 - Herrmann, Ulf A1 - Dutta, Siddharth A1 - Kioutsioukis, Ioannis T1 - DNI forecast tool for the smart operation of a parabolic trough collector system with concrete thermal energy storage: Theory, results and outlook T2 - SolarPACES 2022 conference proceedings N2 - This work presents a basic forecast tool for predicting direct normal irradiance (DNI) in hourly resolution, which the Solar-Institut Jülich (SIJ) is developing within a research project. The DNI forecast data shall be used for a parabolic trough collector (PTC) system with a concrete thermal energy storage (C-TES) located at the company KEAN Soft Drinks Ltd in Limassol, Cyprus. On a daily basis, 24-hour DNI prediction data in hourly resolution shall be automatically produced using free or very low-cost weather forecast data as input. The purpose of the DNI forecast tool is to automatically transfer the DNI forecast data on a daily basis to a main control unit (MCU). The MCU automatically makes a smart decision on the operation mode of the PTC system such as steam production mode and/or C-TES charging mode. The DNI forecast tool was evaluated using historical data of measured DNI from an on-site weather station, which was compared to the DNI forecast data. The DNI forecast tool was tested using data from 56 days between January and March 2022, which included days with a strong variation in DNI due to cloud passages. For the evaluation of the DNI forecast reliability, three categories were created and the forecast data was sorted accordingly. The result was that the DNI forecast tool has a reliability of 71.4 % based on the tested days. The result fulfils SIJ’s aim to achieve a reliability of around 70 %, but SIJ aims to still improve the DNI forecast quality. KW - Direct normal irradiance forecast KW - DNI forecast KW - Parabolic trough collector KW - PTC KW - Thermal Energy Storage Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.52825/solarpaces.v1i.731 SN - 2751-9899 (online) N1 - SolarPACES 2022, 28th International Conference on Concentrating Solar Power and Chemical Energy Systems, 27-30 September, Albuquerque, NM, USA IS - 1 PB - TIB Open Publishing CY - Hannover ER -