TY  - CHAP
A1  - Fredebeul-Krein, Markus
T1  - Towards trade facilitation via regulatory convergence: An analysis of the TTIP chapter on Electronic Communications
T2  - Regional ITS Conference of the International Telecommunications Society. Cambridge, United Kingdom, 7-9 September 2016
N2  - To give the exchange of goods and services between the European Union (EU) and the United States (U.S.) new momentum the two parties are currently negotiating the transatlantic free trade agreement Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership (TTIP). The aim is to create the largest free trade area in the world. The agreement, once entered into force, will oblige EU countries and the U.S. to further liberalize their markets.
The negotiations on TTIP include a chapter on Electronic Communications/ Telecommunications. The challenge therein will be securing commitments for market access to Electronic Communications services. At the same time, these commitments must reflect the legitimate need for consumer protection issues. The need to reduce Electronic Communications-related non-tariff barriers to trade between the Parties is due to the fact that these markets are heavily regulated. Without transnational rules as to regulations national governments can abuse these regulations to deter the market entry by new (foreign) suppliers. Thus the free trade agreement TTIP affects in many respects regulatory provisions on and access to Electronic Communications markets. The objective of this paper is therefore to examine to what extend the regulatory principles for Electronic Communications markets envisaged under TTIP will result in trade facilitation and regulatory convergence between the EU and the U.S.
As to this question the result of the analysis is that the chapter on Electronic Communications will be an important step towards facilitating trade in Electronic Communications services. At the same time some regulatory convergence will take place, but this convergence will not lead to a (full) harmonization of regulations. Rather the norm, also after TTIP negotiations will have been concluded successfully, will be mutual recognition of different regulatory regimes. Different regulations being the optimal policy response in different market settings will continue to exist. Moreover, it is very unlikely that such regulatory principles for the Electronic Communications sector are a vehicle for a race to the bottom in levels of consumer protection.
KW  - regulation
KW  - liberalisation
KW  - electronic communications markets
KW  - TTIP
Y1  - 2016
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Fredebeul-Krein, Markus
A1  - Steingröver, Markus
T1  - Wholesale broadband access to IPTV in an NGA environment : how to deal with it from a regulatory perspective?
JF  - Telecommunications Policy
Y1  - 2014
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/doi:10.1016/j.telpol.2013.04.002
SN  - 0308-5961 (Print)
SN  - 1879-3258 (Online)
VL  - 38
IS  - 3
SP  - 264
EP  - 277
PB  - Elsevier
CY  - Amsterdam
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Fredebeul-Krein, Markus
A1  - Steingröver, Markus
T1  - Enhancing broadband development and internet usages for improving networks and services in APEC member economies: Bridging the digital divide
T2  - The 19th ITS Biennial Conference 2012 “Moving Forward with Future Technologies: Opening a Platform for All” 18 - 21 November 2012, Thailand
Y1  - 2013
PB  - ITS
CY  - Bangkok
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Fredebeul-Krein, Markus
A1  - Steingröver, Markus
T1  - Wholesale Broadband Access to IPTV in an NGA environment : how to deal with it from a regulatory perspective?
Y1  - 2012
N1  - Regional ITS Conference of the international Telecommunications Society , February 22-24, 2012 New Delhi, India
SP  - 1
EP  - 16
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Fredebeul-Krein, Markus
A1  - Knoben, Werner
T1  - Long term risk sharing contracts as an approach to establish public–private partnerships for investment into next generation access networks
JF  - Telecommunications Policy
Y1  - 2010
SN  - 0308-5961
VL  - 34
IS  - 9
SP  - 528
EP  - 539
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Fredebeul-Krein, Markus
A1  - Steingröver, Markus
T1  - Next Generation Access Networks: Why is there a higher risk of investment and how to deal with it?
JF  - Wettbewerbsprobleme im Internet / Jörn Kruse ... (Hrsg.). Mit Beitr. von: Patrick F. E. Beschorner ...
Y1  - 2009
SN  - 978-3-8329-5024-8
N1  - Hamburger Forum Medienökonomie ; 9
SP  - 83
EP  - 102
PB  - Nomos, Ed. Fischer
CY  - Baden-Baden
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Fredebeul-Krein, Markus
T1  - Adopting a coherent institutional framework for the Ukrainian telecom sector: Lessons to be learnt from European and German experience
JF  - Zerkalo Nedeli  (2003)
Y1  - 2003
N1  - (Ukrainian Journal)
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Fredebeul-Krein, Markus
T1  - Regulating Prices of Unbundled Access to the Local Loop: A German Case Study
JF  - Telekomunikacja i techniki informacyjne (2002)
Y1  - 2002
SN  - 1640-1549
N1  - Telecommunications and Information Technologies
SP  - 10
EP  - 18
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Fredebeul-Krein, Markus
A1  - Vogel, Erika
T1  - Underground Storage Facilities in the German natural gas market: A need for access regulation to ensure competition?
JF  - Zeitschrift für Energiewirtschaft. 30 (2006), H. 4
Y1  - 2006
SN  - 0343-5377
SP  - 257
EP  - 270
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Fredebeul-Krein, Markus
T1  - Telecommunications and WTO discipline : an assessment of the WTO agreement on telecommunication services
JF  - Telecommunications policy. 21 (1997), H. 6
Y1  - 1997
SN  - 0308-5961
SP  - 477
EP  - 491
ER  -