TY - JOUR A1 - Cheenakula, Dheeraja A1 - Griebel, Kai A1 - Montag, David A1 - Grömping, Markus ED - Huang, Xiaowu T1 - Concept development of a mainstream deammonification and comparison with conventional process in terms of energy, performance and economical construction perspectives JF - Frontiers in Microbiology N2 - Deammonification for nitrogen removal in municipal wastewater in temperate and cold climate zones is currently limited to the side stream of municipal wastewater treatment plants (MWWTP). This study developed a conceptual model of a mainstream deammonification plant, designed for 30,000 P.E., considering possible solutions corresponding to the challenging mainstream conditions in Germany. In addition, the energy-saving potential, nitrogen elimination performance and construction-related costs of mainstream deammonification were compared to a conventional plant model, having a single-stage activated sludge process with upstream denitrification. The results revealed that an additional treatment step by combining chemical precipitation and ultra-fine screening is advantageous prior the mainstream deammonification. Hereby chemical oxygen demand (COD) can be reduced by 80% so that the COD:N ratio can be reduced from 12 to 2.5. Laboratory experiments testing mainstream conditions of temperature (8–20°C), pH (6–9) and COD:N ratio (1–6) showed an achievable volumetric nitrogen removal rate (VNRR) of at least 50 gN/(m3∙d) for various deammonifying sludges from side stream deammonification systems in the state of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany, where m3 denotes reactor volume. Assuming a retained Norganic content of 0.0035 kgNorg./(P.E.∙d) from the daily loads of N at carbon removal stage and a VNRR of 50 gN/(m3∙d) under mainstream conditions, a resident-specific reactor volume of 0.115 m3/(P.E.) is required for mainstream deammonification. This is in the same order of magnitude as the conventional activated sludge process, i.e., 0.173 m3/(P.E.) for an MWWTP of size class of 4. The conventional plant model yielded a total specific electricity demand of 35 kWh/(P.E.∙a) for the operation of the whole MWWTP and an energy recovery potential of 15.8 kWh/(P.E.∙a) through anaerobic digestion. In contrast, the developed mainstream deammonification model plant would require only a 21.5 kWh/(P.E.∙a) energy demand and result in 24 kWh/(P.E.∙a) energy recovery potential, enabling the mainstream deammonification model plant to be self-sufficient. The retrofitting costs for the implementation of mainstream deammonification in existing conventional MWWTPs are nearly negligible as the existing units like activated sludge reactors, aerators and monitoring technology are reusable. However, the mainstream deammonification must meet the performance requirement of VNRR of about 50 gN/(m3∙d) in this case. KW - anammox KW - energy efficiency KW - mainstream deammonification KW - nitrogen elimination KW - wastewater Y1 - 2023 U6 - http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2023.1155235 SN - 1664-302X VL - 14 IS - 11155235 SP - 1 EP - 15 PB - Frontiers ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Kreyer, Jörg A1 - Esch, Thomas T1 - Simulation Tool for Predictive Control Strategies for an ORCSystem in Heavy Duty Vehicles T2 - European GT Conference 2017 N2 - Scientific questions - How can a non-stationary heat offering in the commercial vehicle be used to reduce fuel consumption? - Which potentials offer route and environmental information among with predicted speed and load trajectories to increase the efficiency of a ORC-System? Methods - Desktop bound holistic simulation model for a heavy duty truck incl. an ORC System - Prediction of massflows, temperatures and mixture quality (AFR) of exhaust gas Y1 - 2017 N1 - European GT Conference 2017, 9.-10. Oktober 2017, Frankfurt a.M. ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Stollenwerk, Dominik A1 - Franzke, Till A1 - Maurer, Florian A1 - Reinkensmeier, Sebastian A1 - Kim, Franken A1 - Tambornino, Philipp A1 - Haas, Florian A1 - Rieke, Christian A1 - Hermanuz, Andreas A1 - Borchert, Jörg A1 - Ritz, Thomas A1 - Sander, Volker ED - Proff, Heike T1 - Smarte Ladesäulen : Netz- und Marktdienliches öffentliches Laden T2 - Towards the New Normal in Mobility : Technische und betriebswirtschaftliche Aspekte N2 - Stand 01.01.2022 sind in Deutschland 618.460 elektrisch angetriebene KFZ zugelassen. Insgesamt sind derzeit 48.540.878 KFZ zugelassen, was einer Elektromobilitätsquote von ca. 1,2 % entspricht. Derzeit werden Elektromobile über Ladestationen oder Steckdosen mit dem Stromnetz verbunden und üblicherweise mit der vollen Ladekapazität des Anschlusses aufgeladen, bis das Batteriemanagementsystem des Fahrzeugs abhängig vom Ladezustand der Batterie die Ladeleistung reduziert. Y1 - 2023 SN - 978-3-658-39437-0 (Print) SN - 978-3-658-39438-7 (Online) U6 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-39438-7_18 SP - 287 EP - 304 PB - Springer Gabler CY - Wiesbaden ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Handschuh, Nils A1 - Stollenwerk, Dominik A1 - Borchert, Jörg T1 - Operation of thermal storage power plants under high renewable grid penetration T2 - NEIS 2021: Conference on Sustainable Energy Supply and Energy Storage Systems N2 - The planned coal phase-out in Germany by 2038 will lead to the dismantling of power plants with a total capacity of approx. 30 GW. A possible further use of these assets is the conversion of the power plants to thermal storage power plants; the use of these power plants on the day-ahead market is considerably limited by their technical parameters. In this paper, the influence of the technical boundary conditions on the operating times of these storage facilities is presented. For this purpose, the storage power plants were described as an MILP problem and two price curves, one from 2015 with a relatively low renewable penetration (33 %) and one from 2020 with a high renewable energy penetration (51 %) are compared. The operating times were examined as a function of the technical parameters and the critical influencing factors were investigated. The thermal storage power plant operation duration and the energy shifted with the price curve of 2020 increases by more than 25 % compared to 2015. KW - storage optimisation KW - storage dispatch KW - thermal storage Y1 - 2021 SN - 978-3-8007-5651-3 N1 - NEIS 2021: Conference on Sustainable Energy Supply and Energy Storage Systems. 13-14 September 2021. Hamburg, Germany SP - 261 EP - 265 PB - VDE Verlag CY - Berlin ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Jordan, Frank A1 - Katz, Christiane A1 - Pieper, Martin T1 - Online-Kollaboration in der Mathematik: Ein Design-Based-Research-Projekt T2 - Forschungsimpulse für hybrides Lehren und Lernen an Hochschulen N2 - Die Studie erörtert anhand eines Fallbeispiels aus der Mathematik für Ingenieur*innen, wie didaktische Gestaltungsprinzipien für Soziale Präsenz, Kollaboration und das Lösen von praxisnahen Problemen mit mathematischem Denken in einer Online-Umgebung aussehen können. Hierfür zieht der Beitrag den forschungsmethodologischen Rahmen Design-Based Research (DBR) hinzu und berichtet über Zwischenergebnisse. DBR wird an dieser Stelle als eine systematische Herangehensweise an kurzfristige Lehrveränderungen und als Chance auf dem Weg zu einer neuen Hochschullehre nach der COVID-19-Pandemie dargestellt, die theoretische und empirische Erkenntnisse mit Praxisverknüpfung und -relevanz vereint. Y1 - 2021 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:hbz:832-cos4-9465 SP - 245 EP - 261 PB - TH Köln CY - Köln ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Pieper, Martin T1 - Quantum mechanics: Introduction to mathematical formulation N2 - Anyone who has always wanted to understand the hieroglyphs on Sheldon's blackboard in the TV series The Big Bang Theory or who wanted to know exactly what the fate of Schrödinger's cat is all about will find a short, descriptive introduction to the world of quantum mechanics in this essential. The text particularly focuses on the mathematical description in the Hilbert space. The content goes beyond popular scientific presentations, but is nevertheless suitable for readers without special prior knowledge thanks to the clear examples. KW - Quantenmechanik KW - Hilbert Room KW - Postulates KW - Schrödingers cat KW - Operators Y1 - 2021 SN - 978-3-658-32644-9 SN - 978-3-658-32645-6 U6 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-32645-6 PB - Springer CY - Wiesbaden ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Pieper, Martin T1 - Quantenmechanik: Einführung in die mathematische Formulierung Y1 - 2019 SN - 978-3-658-28328-5 U6 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-28329-2 PB - Springer Spektrum CY - Wiesbaden ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Nobis, Moritz A1 - Schmitt, Carlo A1 - Schemm, Ralf A1 - Schnettler, Armin T1 - Pan-European CVAR-constrained stochastic unit commitment in day-ahead and intraday electricity markets JF - Energies N2 - The fundamental modeling of energy systems through individual unit commitment decisions is crucial for energy system planning. However, current large-scale models are not capable of including uncertainties or even risk-averse behavior arising from forecasting errors of variable renewable energies. However, risks associated with uncertain forecasting errors have become increasingly relevant within the process of decarbonization. The intraday market serves to compensate for these forecasting errors. Thus, the uncertainty of forecasting errors results in uncertain intraday prices and quantities. Therefore, this paper proposes a two-stage risk-constrained stochastic optimization approach to fundamentally model unit commitment decisions facing an uncertain intraday market. By the nesting of Lagrangian relaxation and an extended Benders decomposition, this model can be applied to large-scale, e.g., pan-European, power systems. The approach is applied to scenarios for 2023—considering a full nuclear phase-out in Germany—and 2035—considering a full coal phase-out in Germany. First, the influence of the risk factors is evaluated. Furthermore, an evaluation of the market prices shows an increase in price levels as well as an increasing day-ahead-intraday spread in 2023 and in 2035. Finally, it is shown that intraday cross-border trading has a significant influence on trading volumes and prices and ensures a more efficient allocation of resources. Y1 - 2020 U6 - http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13092339 SN - 1996-1073 N1 - Special Issue Uncertainties and Risk Management in Competitive Energy Markets VL - 13 IS - Art. 2339 SP - 1 EP - 35 PB - MDPI CY - Basel ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hoffstadt, Kevin A1 - Pohen, Gino D. A1 - Dicke, Max D. A1 - Paulsen, Svea A1 - Krafft, Simone A1 - Zang, Joachim W. A1 - Fonseca-Zang, Warde A. da A1 - Leite, Athaydes A1 - Kuperjans, Isabel T1 - Challenges and prospects of biogas from energy cane as supplement to bioethanol production JF - Agronomy N2 - Innovative breeds of sugar cane yield up to 2.5 times as much organic matter as conventional breeds, resulting in a great potential for biogas production. The use of biogas production as a complementary solution to conventional and second-generation ethanol production in Brazil may increase the energy produced per hectare in the sugarcane sector. Herein, it was demonstrated that through ensiling, energy cane can be conserved for six months; the stored cane can then be fed into a continuous biogas process. This approach is necessary to achieve year-round biogas production at an industrial scale. Batch tests revealed specific biogas potentials between 400 and 600 LN/kgVS for both the ensiled and non-ensiled energy cane, and the specific biogas potential of a continuous biogas process fed with ensiled energy cane was in the same range. Peak biogas losses through ensiling of up to 27% after six months were observed. Finally, compared with second-generation ethanol production using energy cane, the results indicated that biogas production from energy cane may lead to higher energy yields per hectare, with an average energy yield of up to 162 MWh/ha. Finally, the Farm²CBG concept is introduced, showing an approach for decentralized biogas production. Y1 - 2020 U6 - http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy10060821 SN - 2073-4395 VL - 10 IS - 6 PB - MDPI CY - Basel ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wardoyo, Arinto Y.P. A1 - Noor, Johan A.E. A1 - Elbers, Gereon A1 - Schmitz, Sandra A1 - Flaig, Sascha T. A1 - Budianto, Arif T1 - Characterizing volcanic ash elements from the 2015 eruptions of bromo and raung volcanoes, Indonesia JF - Polish Journal of Environmental Studies N2 - The volcanic eruptions of Mt. Bromo and Mt. Raung in East Java, Indonesia, in 2015 perturbed volcanic materials and affected surface-layer air quality at surrounding locations. During the episodes, the volcanic ash from the eruptions influenced visibility, traffic accidents, flight schedules, and human health. In this research, the volcanic ash particles were collected and characterized by relying on the detail of physical observation. We performed an assessment of the volcanic ash elements to characterize the volcanic ash using two different methods which are aqua regia extracts followed by MP-AES and XRF laboratory test of bulk samples. The analysis results showed that the volcanic ash was mixed of many materials, such as Al, Si, P, K, Ca, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Ni, and others. Fe, Si, Ca, and Al were found as the major elements, while the others were the trace elements Ba, Cr, Cu, Mn, P, Mn, Ni, Zn, Sb, Sr, and V with the minor concentrations. XRF analyses showed that Fe dominated the elements of the volcanic ash. The XRF analysis showed that Fe was at 35.40% in Bromo and 43.00% in Raung of the detected elements in bulk material. The results of aqua regia extracts analyzed by MP-AES were 1.80% and 1.70% of Fe element for Bromo and Raung volcanoes, respectively. Y1 - 2020 U6 - http://dx.doi.org/10.15244/pjoes/99101 SN - 2083-5906 VL - 29 IS - 2 SP - 1899 EP - 1907 PB - HARD CY - Olsztyn ER -