TY  - JOUR
A1  - Kotliar, Konstantin
A1  - Lanzl, I. M.
T1  - Mit Statistik gemeistert: perfekte Augentropfen und idealer Screeningtest : Möglichkeiten und Grenzen statistischer Methoden beim Glaukom
JF  - Der Ophthalmologe: Zeitschrift Der Deutschen Ophthalmologischen Gesellschaft
N2  - Hintergrund
Die Anwendung und das Verständnis von Statistik sind sehr wichtig für die biomedizinische Forschung und für die klinische Praxis. Dies gilt insbesondere auch zur Abschätzung der Möglichkeiten unterschiedlichster Diagnostik- und Therapieoptionen beim Glaukom. Die scheinbare Komplexität der Statistik, die zum Teil dem „gesunden Menschenverstand“ zu widersprechen scheint, zusammen mit der nur vorsichtigen Akzeptanz der Statistik bei vielen Medizinern können zu bewussten und unbewussten Manipulationen bei der Datendarstellung und -interpretation führen.

Ziel der Arbeit
Ziel ist die verständliche Darstellung einiger typischer Fehler in der medizinisch-statistischen Datenbehandlung.

Material und Methoden
Anhand hypothetischer Beispiele aus der Glaukomdiagnostik erfolgen die Darstellung der Wirkung eines hypotensiven Medikamentes sowie die Beurteilung der Ergebnisse eines diagnostischen Tests. Es werden die typischsten statistischen Einsatzbereiche und Irrtumsquellen ausführlich und verständlich analysiert

Ergebnisse
Mechanismen von Datenmanipulation und falscher Dateninterpretation werden aufgeklärt. Typische Irrtumsquellen bei der statistischen Auswertung und Datendarstellung werden dabei erläutert.

Schlussfolgerungen
Die erläuterten praktischen Beispiele zeigen die Notwendigkeit, die Grundlagen der Statistik zu verstehen und korrekt anwenden zu können. Fehlendes Grundlagenwissen und Halbwissen der medizinischen Statistik können zu folgenschweren Missverständnissen und falschen Entscheidungen in der medizinischen Forschung, aber auch in der klinischen Praxis führen.
Y1  - 2016
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00347-016-0312-y
SN  - 0941-293X
SN  - 1433-0423
N1  - Englischer Titel: Mastered with statistics: perfect eye drops and ideal screening test : possibilities and limits of statistical methods for glaucoma
IS  - 113
SP  - 838
EP  - 843
PB  - Springer
CY  - Berlin
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Kowalski, Julia
A1  - Linder, Peter
A1  - Zierke, S.
A1  - Wulfen, B. van
A1  - Clemens, J.
A1  - Konstantinidis, K.
A1  - Ameres, G.
A1  - Hoffmann, R.
A1  - Mikucki, J.
A1  - Tulaczyk, S.
A1  - Funke, O.
A1  - Blandfort, D.
A1  - Espe, Clemens
A1  - Feldmann, Marco
A1  - Francke, Gero
A1  - Hiecker, S.
A1  - Plescher, Engelbert
A1  - Schöngarth, Sarah
A1  - Dachwald, Bernd
A1  - Digel, Ilya
A1  - Artmann, Gerhard
A1  - Eliseev, D.
A1  - Heinen, D.
A1  - Scholz, F.
A1  - Wiebusch, C.
A1  - Macht, S.
A1  - Bestmann, U.
A1  - Reineking, T.
A1  - Zetzsche, C.
A1  - Schill, K.
A1  - Förstner, R.
A1  - Niedermeier, H.
A1  - Szumski, A.
A1  - Eissfeller, B.
A1  - Naumann, U.
A1  - Helbing, K.
T1  - Navigation technology for exploration of glacier ice with maneuverable melting probes
JF  - Cold Regions Science and Technology
N2  - The Saturnian moon Enceladus with its extensive water bodies underneath a thick ice sheet cover is a potential candidate for extraterrestrial life. Direct exploration of such extraterrestrial aquatic ecosystems requires advanced access and sampling technologies with a high level of autonomy. A new technological approach has been developed as part of the collaborative research project Enceladus Explorer (EnEx). The concept is based upon a minimally invasive melting probe called the IceMole. The force-regulated, heater-controlled IceMole is able to travel along a curved trajectory as well as upwards. Hence, it allows maneuvers which may be necessary for obstacle avoidance or target selection. Maneuverability, however, necessitates a sophisticated on-board navigation system capable of autonomous operations. The development of such a navigational system has been the focal part of the EnEx project. The original IceMole has been further developed to include relative positioning based on in-ice attitude determination, acoustic positioning, ultrasonic obstacle and target detection integrated through a high-level sensor fusion. This paper describes the EnEx technology and discusses implications for an actual extraterrestrial mission concept.
Y1  - 2016
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.coldregions.2015.11.006
SN  - 0165-232X
IS  - 123
SP  - 53
EP  - 70
PB  - Elsevier
CY  - Amsterdam
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Marinova, V.
A1  - Kerroumi, I.
A1  - Lintermann, A.
A1  - Göbbert, J.H.
A1  - Moulinec, C.
A1  - Rible, S.
A1  - Fournier, Y.
A1  - Behbahani, Mehdi
T1  - Numerical Analysis of the FDA Centrifugal Blood Pump
T2  - NIC Symposium 2016
Y1  - 2016
SN  - 978-3-95806-109-5
SP  - 355
EP  - 364
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Arreola, Julio
A1  - Mätzkow, Malte
A1  - Durán, Marlena Palomar
A1  - Greeff, Anton
A1  - Keusgen, Michael
A1  - Schöning, Michael Josef
T1  - Optimization of the immobilization of bacterial spores on glass substrates with organosilanes
JF  - Physica status solidi (A) : Applications and materials science
N2  - Spores can be immobilized on biosensors to function as sensitive recognition elements. However, the immobilization can affect the sensitivity and reproducibility of the sensor signal. In this work, three different immobilization strategies with organosilanes were optimized and characterized to immobilize Bacillus atrophaeus spores on glass substrates. Five different silanization parameters were investigated: nature of the solvent, concentration of the silane, silanization time, curing process, and silanization temperature. The resulting silane layers were resistant to a buffer solution (e.g., Ringer solution) with a polysorbate (e.g., Tween®80) and sonication.
KW  - silanization
KW  - organosilanes
KW  - immobilization
KW  - endospores
KW  - biosensors
KW  - Bacillus atrophaeus
Y1  - 2016
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pssa.201532914
SN  - 1862-6319
VL  - 213
IS  - 6
SP  - 1463
EP  - 1470
PB  - Wiley-VCH
CY  - Weinheim
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Jahnke, Siegfried
A1  - Roussel, Johanna
A1  - Hombach, Thomas
A1  - Kochs, Johannes
A1  - Fischbach, Andreas
A1  - Huber, Gregor
A1  - Scharr, Hanno
T1  - phenoSeeder - A robot system for automated handling and phenotyping of individual seeds
JF  - Plant physiology
N2  - The enormous diversity of seed traits is an intriguing feature and critical for the overwhelming success of higher plants. In particular, seed mass is generally regarded to be key for seedling development but is mostly approximated by using scanning methods delivering only two-dimensional data, often termed seed size. However, three-dimensional traits, such as the volume or mass of single seeds, are very rarely determined in routine measurements. Here, we introduce a device named phenoSeeder, which enables the handling and phenotyping of individual seeds of very different sizes. The system consists of a pick-and-place robot and a modular setup of sensors that can be versatilely extended. Basic biometric traits detected for individual seeds are two-dimensional data from projections, three-dimensional data from volumetric measures, and mass, from which seed density is also calculated. Each seed is tracked by an identifier and, after phenotyping, can be planted, sorted, or individually stored for further evaluation or processing (e.g. in routine seed-to-plant tracking pipelines). By investigating seeds of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), rapeseed (Brassica napus), and barley (Hordeum vulgare), we observed that, even for apparently round-shaped seeds of rapeseed, correlations between the projected area and the mass of seeds were much weaker than between volume and mass. This indicates that simple projections may not deliver good proxies for seed mass. Although throughput is limited, we expect that automated seed phenotyping on a single-seed basis can contribute valuable information for applications in a wide range of wild or crop species, including seed classification, seed sorting, and assessment of seed quality.
Y1  - 2016
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1104/pp.16.01122
SN  - 0032-0889
VL  - 172
IS  - 3
SP  - 1358
EP  - 1370
PB  - Oxford University Press
CY  - Oxford
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Bialonski, Stephan
A1  - Caron, David A.
A1  - Schloen, Julia
A1  - Feudel, Ulrike
A1  - Kantz, Holger
A1  - Moorthi, Stefanie D.
T1  - Phytoplankton dynamics in the Southern California Bight indicate a complex mixture of transport and biology
JF  - Journal of Plankton Research
N2  - The stimulation and dominance of potentially harmful phytoplankton taxa at a given locale and time are determined by local environmental conditions as well as by transport to or from neighboring regions. The present study investigated the occurrence of common harmful algal bloom (HAB) taxa within the Southern California Bight, using cross-correlation functions to determine potential dependencies between HAB taxa and environmental factors, and potential links to algal transport via local hydrography and currents. A simulation study, in which Lagrangian particles were released, was used to assess travel times due to advection by prevailing ocean currents in the bight. Our results indicate that transport of some taxa may be an important mechanism for the expansion of their distributions into other regions, which was supported by mean travel times derived from our simulation study and other literature on ocean currents in the Southern California Bight. In other cases, however, phytoplankton dynamics were rather linked to local environmental conditions, including coastal upwelling events. Overall, our study shows that complex current patterns in the Southern California Bight may contribute significantly to the formation and expansion of HABs in addition to local environmental factors determining the spatiotemporal dynamics of phytoplankton blooms.
Y1  - 2016
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/plankt/fbv122
SN  - 1464-3774
VL  - 38
IS  - 4
SP  - 1077
EP  - 1091
PB  - Oxford University Press
CY  - Oxford
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Hackl, Michael
A1  - Müller, Lars-Peter
A1  - Staat, Manfred
A1  - Kahmann, Stephanie Lucina
A1  - Wegmann, Kilian
T1  - Proximal phalangeal neck fractures of the hand — a biomechanical comparison of three fixation techniques
JF  - Knee surgery, sports traumatology, arthroscopy
N2  - Plate osteosynthesis of displaced proximal phalangeal neck fractures of the hand allows early mobilization due to a stable internal fixation. Nevertheless, joint stiffness—because of soft tissue irritation—represents a common complication leading to high complication rates. Del Pinal et al. recently reported promising clinical results for a new, minimally invasive fixation technique with a cannulated headless intramedullary compression screw. Hence, the aim of this study was to compare plate fixation of proximal phalangeal neck fractures to less two less invasive techniques: Crossed k-wire fixation and intramedullary screw fixation. We hypothesized that these fixation techniques provide inferior stability when compared to plate osteosynthesis.
Y1  - 2016
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00167-016-4080-7
SN  - 0942-2056
VL  - Volume 24
IS  - Supplement 1
SP  - 148
EP  - 149
PB  - Springer
CY  - Berlin
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Hackl, Michael
A1  - Leschinger, T.
A1  - Staat, Manfred
A1  - Müller, Lars-Peter
A1  - Wegmann, Kilian
T1  - Reconstruction of the interosseous membrane in the Essex Lopresti lesion — a biomechanical evaluation
JF  - Knee surgery, sports traumatology, arthroscopy
N2  - Surgical reconstruction of the interosseous membrane (IOM) could restore longitudinal forearm stability to avoid persisting disability due to capituloradial and ulnocarpal impingement in Essex Lopresti lesions. This biomechanical study aimed to assess longitudinal forearm stability of intact specimens, after sectioning of the IOM and after reconstruction with a TightRope construct using either a single or double bundle technique.
Y1  - 2016
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00167-016-4080-7
SN  - 0942-2056
VL  - Volume 24
IS  - Supplement 1
SP  - 130
EP  - 131
PB  - Springer
CY  - Berlin
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Albanna, W.
A1  - Conzen, C.
A1  - Weiss, M.
A1  - Clusmann, H.
A1  - Fuest, M.
A1  - Mueller, M.
A1  - Brockmann, M.A.
A1  - Vilser, W.
A1  - Schmidt-Trucksäss, A.
A1  - Hoellig, A.
A1  - Seiz, M.
A1  - Thomé, C.
A1  - Kotliar, Konstantin
A1  - Schubert, G.A.
T1  - Retinal Vessel Analysis (RVA) in the context of subarachnoid hemorrhage: A proof of concept study
JF  - PLoS ONE
N2  - Background
Timely detection of impending delayed cerebral ischemia after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is essential to improve outcome, but poses a diagnostic challenge. Retinal vessels as an embryological part of the intracranial vasculature are easily accessible for analysis and may hold the key to a new and non-invasive monitoring technique. This investigation aims to determine the feasibility of standardized retinal vessel analysis (RVA) in the context of SAH.

Methods
In a prospective pilot study, we performed RVA in six patients awake and cooperative with SAH in the acute phase (day 2–14) and eight patients at the time of follow-up (mean 4.6±1.7months after SAH), and included 33 age-matched healthy controls. Data was acquired using a manoeuvrable Dynamic Vessel Analyzer (Imedos Systems UG, Jena) for examination of retinal vessel dimension and neurovascular coupling.

Results
Image quality was satisfactory in the majority of cases (93.3%). In the acute phase after SAH, retinal arteries were significantly dilated when compared to the control group (124.2±4.3MU vs 110.9±11.4MU, p<0.01), a difference that persisted to a lesser extent in the later stage of the disease (122.7±17.2MU, p<0.05). Testing for neurovascular coupling showed a trend towards impaired primary vasodilation and secondary vasoconstriction (p = 0.08, p = 0.09 resp.) initially and partial recovery at the time of follow-up, indicating a relative improvement in a time-dependent fashion.

Conclusion
RVA is technically feasible in patients with SAH and can detect fluctuations in vessel diameter and autoregulation even in less severely affected patients. Preliminary data suggests potential for RVA as a new and non-invasive tool for advanced SAH monitoring, but clinical relevance and prognostic value will have to be determined in a larger cohort.
Y1  - 2016
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0158781
SN  - 1932-6203
VL  - 11
IS  - 7
PB  - PLOS
CY  - San Francisco
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Kolditz, Melanie
A1  - Albin, Thivaharan
A1  - Brüggemann, Gert-Peter
A1  - Abel, Dirk
A1  - Albracht, Kirsten
T1  - Robotergestütztes System für ein verbessertes neuromuskuläres Aufbautraining der Beinstrecker
JF  - at - Automatisierungstechnik
N2  - Neuromuskuläres Aufbautraining der Beinstrecker ist ein wichtiger Bestandteil in der Rehabilitation und Prävention von Muskel-Skelett-Erkrankungen. Effektives Training erfordert hohe Muskelkräfte, die gleichzeitig hohe Belastungen von bereits geschädigten Strukturen bedeuten. Um trainingsinduzierte Schädigungen zu vermeiden, müssen diese Kräfte kontrolliert werden. Mit heutigen Trainingsgeräten können diese Ziele allerdings nicht erreicht werden. Für ein sicheres und effektives Training sollen durch den Einsatz der Robotik, Sensorik, eines Regelkreises sowie Muskel-Skelett-Modellen Belastungen am Zielgewebe direkt berechnet und kontrolliert werden. Auf Basis zweier Vorstudien zu möglichen Stellgrößen wird der Aufbau eines robotischen Systems vorgestellt, das sowohl für Forschungszwecke als auch zur Entwicklung neuartiger Trainingsgeräte verwendet werden kann.
Y1  - 2016
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/auto-2016-0044
SN  - 2196-677X
VL  - 64
IS  - 11
SP  - 905
EP  - 914
PB  - De Gruyter
CY  - Berlin
ER  -