TY  - JOUR
A1  - Dachwald, Bernd
A1  - Ulamec, Stephan
A1  - Postberg, Frank
A1  - Sohl, Frank
A1  - Vera, Jean-Pierre de
A1  - Christoph, Waldmann
A1  - Lorenz, Ralph D.
A1  - Hellard, Hugo
A1  - Biele, Jens
A1  - Rettberg, Petra
T1  - Key technologies and instrumentation for subsurface exploration of ocean worlds
JF  - Space Science Reviews
N2  - In this chapter, the key technologies and the instrumentation required for the subsurface exploration of ocean worlds are discussed. The focus is laid on Jupiter’s moon Europa and Saturn’s moon Enceladus because they have the highest potential for such missions in the near future. The exploration of their oceans requires landing on the surface, penetrating the thick ice shell with an ice-penetrating probe, and probably diving with an underwater vehicle through dozens of kilometers of water to the ocean floor, to have the chance to find life, if it exists. Technologically, such missions are extremely challenging. The required key technologies include power generation, communications, pressure resistance, radiation hardness, corrosion protection, navigation, miniaturization, autonomy, and sterilization and cleaning. Simpler mission concepts involve impactors and penetrators or – in the case of Enceladus – plume-fly-through missions.
Y1  - 2020
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11214-020-00707-5
SN  - 1572-9672
N1  - Corresponding author: Bernd Dachwald
VL  - 216
IS  - Art. 83
PB  - Springer
CY  - Dordrecht
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Hein, Andreas M.
A1  - Eubanks, T. Marshall
A1  - Hibberd, Adam
A1  - Fries, Dan
A1  - Schneider, Jean
A1  - Lingam, Manasvi
A1  - Kennedy, Robert
A1  - Perakis, Nikolaos
A1  - Dachwald, Bernd
A1  - Kervella, Pierre
T1  - Interstellar Now! Missions to and sample returns from nearby interstellar objects
N2  - The recently discovered first high velocity hyperbolic objects passing through the Solar System, 1I/'Oumuamua and 2I/Borisov, have raised the question about near term missions to Interstellar Objects. In situ spacecraft exploration of these objects will allow the direct determination of both their structure and their chemical and isotopic composition, enabling an entirely new way of studying small bodies from outside our solar system. In this paper, we map various Interstellar Object classes to mission types, demonstrating that missions to a range of Interstellar Object classes are feasible, using existing or near-term technology. We describe flyby, rendezvous and sample return missions to interstellar objects, showing various ways to explore these bodies characterizing their surface, dynamics, structure and composition. Interstellar objects likely formed very far from the solar system in both time and space; their direct exploration will constrain their formation and history, situating them within the dynamical and chemical evolution of the Galaxy. These mission types also provide the opportunity to explore solar system bodies and perform measurements in the far outer solar system.
Y1  - 2020
SP  - 1
EP  - 8
PB  - Elsevier
CY  - Amsterdam
ER  -