TY  - CHAP
A1  - Ernhardt, Selina
A1  - Drumm, Christian
A1  - van Gog, Tamara
A1  - Brand-Gruwel, Saskia
A1  - Jarodzka, Halszka
T1  - Through the eyes of a programmer : a research project on how to foster programming education with eye-tracking technology
T2  - Tagungsband zur 32. AKWI-Jahrestagung vom 15.09.2019 bis 18.09.2019 an der Fachhochschule für Angewandte Wissenschaften Aachen
Y1  - 2019
SN  - 978-3-944330-62-4
SP  - 42
EP  - 47
PB  - Mana-Buch
CY  - Heide
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Emhardt, Selina
A1  - Jarodzka, Halszka
A1  - Brand-Gruwel, Saskia
A1  - Drumm, Christian
A1  - Gog, Tamara van
T1  - Introducing eye movement modeling examples for programming education and the role of teacher's didactic guidance
JF  - ETRA '20 Short Papers: ACM Symposium on Eye Tracking Research and Applications
N2  - In this article, we introduce how eye-tracking technology might become a promising tool to teach programming skills, such as debugging with ‘Eye Movement Modeling Examples’ (EMME). EMME are tutorial videos that visualize an expert's (e.g., a programming teacher's) eye movements during task performance to guide students’ attention, e.g., as a moving dot or circle. We first introduce the general idea behind the EMME method and present studies that showed first promising results regarding the benefits of EMME to support programming education. However, we argue that the instructional design of EMME varies notably across them, as evidence-based guidelines on how to create effective EMME are often lacking. As an example, we present our ongoing research on the effects of different ways to instruct the EMME model prior to video creation. Finally, we highlight open questions for future investigations that could help improving the design of EMME for (programming) education.
Y1  - 2020
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3379156.3391978
IS  - Art. 52
SP  - 1
EP  - 4
PB  - ACM
CY  - New York
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Emhardt, Selina N.
A1  - Jarodzka, Halszka
A1  - Brand-Gruwel, Saskia
A1  - Drumm, Christian
A1  - Niehorster, Diederick C.
A1  - van Gog, Tamara
T1  - What is my teacher talking about? Effects of displaying the teacher’s gaze and mouse cursor cues in video lectures on students’ learning
JF  - Journal of Cognitive Psychology
N2  - Eye movement modelling examples (EMME) are instructional videos that display a
teacher’s eye movements as “gaze cursor” (e.g. a moving dot) superimposed on the
learning task. This study investigated if previous findings on the beneficial effects of EMME would extend to online lecture videos and compared the effects of displaying the teacher’s gaze cursor with displaying the more traditional mouse cursor as a tool to guide learners’ attention. Novices (N = 124) studied a pre-recorded video lecture on how to model business processes in a 2 (mouse cursor absent/present) × 2 (gaze cursor absent/present) between-subjects design. Unexpectedly, we did not find significant effects of the presence of gaze or mouse cursors on mental effort and learning. However, participants who watched videos with the gaze cursor found it easier to follow the teacher. Overall, participants responded positively to the gaze cursor, especially when the mouse cursor was not displayed in the video.
KW  - Instructional design
KW  - eye movement modelling examples
KW  - video learning
Y1  - 2022
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/20445911.2022.2080831
SN  - 2044-5911
SP  - 1
EP  - 19
PB  - Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group
CY  - Abingdon
ER  -