TY  - JOUR
A1  - Welden, Melanie
A1  - Poghossian, Arshak
A1  - Vahidpour, Farnoosh
A1  - Wendlandt, Tim
A1  - Keusgen, Michael
A1  - Wege, Christina
A1  - Schöning, Michael Josef
T1  - Towards multi-analyte detection with field-effect capacitors modified with tobacco mosaic virus bioparticles as enzyme nanocarriers
JF  - Biosensors
N2  - Utilizing an appropriate enzyme immobilization strategy is crucial for designing enzyme-based biosensors. Plant virus-like particles represent ideal nanoscaffolds for an extremely dense and precise immobilization of enzymes, due to their regular shape, high surface-to-volume ratio and high density of surface binding sites. In the present work, tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) particles were applied for the co-immobilization of penicillinase and urease onto the gate surface of a field-effect electrolyte-insulator-semiconductor capacitor (EISCAP) with a p-Si-SiO₂-Ta₂O₅ layer structure for the sequential detection of penicillin and urea. The TMV-assisted bi-enzyme EISCAP biosensor exhibited a high urea and penicillin sensitivity of 54 and 85 mV/dec, respectively, in the concentration range of 0.1–3 mM. For comparison, the characteristics of single-enzyme EISCAP biosensors modified with TMV particles immobilized with either penicillinase or urease were also investigated. The surface morphology of the TMV-modified Ta₂O₅-gate was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy. Additionally, the bi-enzyme EISCAP was applied to mimic an XOR (Exclusive OR) enzyme logic gate.
KW  - urease
KW  - enzyme-logic gate
KW  - bi-enzyme biosensor
KW  - capacitive field-effect sensor
KW  - tobacco mosaic virus (TMV)
KW  - penicillinase
Y1  - 2022
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bios12010043
SN  - 2079-6374
N1  - This article belongs to the Special Issue "Biosensors: 10th Anniversary Feature Papers"
VL  - 12
IS  - 1
PB  - MDPI
CY  - Basel
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Wendlandt, Tim
A1  - Koch, Claudia
A1  - Britz, Beate
A1  - Liedek, Anke
A1  - Schmidt, Nora
A1  - Werner, Stefan
A1  - Gleba, Yuri
A1  - Vahidpour, Farnoosh
A1  - Welden, Melanie
A1  - Poghossian, Arshak
A1  - Schöning, Michael Josef
T1  - Facile Purification and Use of Tobamoviral Nanocarriers for Antibody-Mediated Display of a Two-Enzyme System
JF  - Viruses
N2  - Immunosorbent turnip vein clearing virus (TVCV) particles displaying the IgG-binding domains D and E of Staphylococcus aureus protein A (PA) on every coat protein (CP) subunit (TVCVPA) were purified from plants via optimized and new protocols. The latter used polyethylene glycol (PEG) raw precipitates, from which virions were selectively re-solubilized in reverse PEG concentration gradients. This procedure improved the integrity of both TVCVPA and the wild-type subgroup 3 tobamovirus. TVCVPA could be loaded with more than 500 IgGs per virion, which mediated the immunocapture of fluorescent dyes, GFP, and active enzymes. Bi-enzyme ensembles of cooperating glucose oxidase and horseradish peroxidase were tethered together on the TVCVPA carriers via a single antibody type, with one enzyme conjugated chemically to its Fc region, and the other one bound as a target, yielding synthetic multi-enzyme complexes. In microtiter plates, the TVCVPA-displayed sugar-sensing system possessed a considerably increased reusability upon repeated testing, compared to the IgG-bound enzyme pair in the absence of the virus. A high coverage of the viral adapters was also achieved on Ta2O5 sensor chip surfaces coated with a polyelectrolyte interlayer, as a prerequisite for durable TVCVPA-assisted electrochemical biosensing via modularly IgG-assembled sensor enzymes.
KW  - biosensor
KW  - horseradish peroxidase (HRP)
KW  - glucose oxidase (GOx)
KW  - enzyme cascade
KW  - turnip vein clearing virus (TVCV)
KW  - tobacco mosaic virus (TMV)
Y1  - 2023
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/doi.org/10.3390/v15091951
SN  - 1999-4915
N1  - This article belongs to the Special Issue "Tobamoviruses 2023"
VL  - 9
IS  - 15
PB  - MDPI
CY  - Basel
ER  -