TY  - CHAP
A1  - Franzen, Julian
A1  - Stecken, Jannis
A1  - Pfaff, Raphael
A1  - Kuhlenkötter, Bernd
T1  - Using the Digital Shadow for a Prescriptive Optimization of Maintenance and Operation : The Locomotive in the Context of the Cyber-Physical System
T2  - Advances in Production, Logistics and Traffic
N2  - In competition with other modes of transport, rail freight transport is looking for solutions to become more attractive. Short-term success can be achieved through the data-driven optimization of operations and maintenance as well as the application of novel strategies such as prescriptive maintenance. After introducing the concept of prescriptive maintenance, this paper aims to prove that vehicle-focused applications of this approach indeed have the potential to increase attractiveness. However, even greater advantages can be activated if data from the horizontal network of the vehicle is available. Drawing on the state of the art in research and technology in the field of cyber-physical systems (CPS) as well as digital twins and shadows, our work serves to design a system of systems for the horizontal interconnection of a rail vehicle and to conceptualize a draft for a digital twin of a locomotive.
Y1  - 2019
SN  - 978-3-030-13535-5
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-13535-5_19
SP  - 265
EP  - 276
PB  - Springer
CY  - Cham
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Pfaff, Raphael
A1  - Enning, Manfred
A1  - Sutter, Stefan
T1  - A risk‑based approach to automatic brake tests for rail freight service: incident analysis and realisation concept
JF  - SN Applied Sciences
N2  - This study reviews the practice of brake tests in freight railways, which is time consuming and not suitable to detect certain failure types. Public incident reports are analysed to derive a reasonable brake test hardware and communication architecture, which aims to provide automatic brake tests at lower cost than current solutions. The proposed solutions relies exclusively on brake pipe and brake cylinder pressure sensors, a brake release position switch as well as radio communication via standard protocols. The approach is embedded in the Wagon 4.0 concept, which is a holistic approach to a smart freight wagon. The reduction of manual processes yields a strong incentive due to high savings in manual
labour and increased productivity.
KW  - Freight rail
KW  - Brake test
KW  - Incident analysis
KW  - Train composition
KW  - Brake set-up
Y1  - 2022
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s42452-022-05007-x
SN  - 2523-3971
N1  - Corresponding author: Raphael Pfaff
VL  - 4
IS  - 4
SP  - 1
EP  - 14
PB  - Springer
CY  - Cham
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Pfaff, Raphael
T1  - Braking distance prediction for vehicle consist in low-speed on-sight operation: a Monte Carlo approach
JF  - Railway Engineering Science
N2  - The first and last mile of a railway journey, in both freight and transit applications, constitutes a high effort and is either non-productive (e.g. in the case of depot operations) or highly inefficient (e.g. in industrial railways). These parts are typically managed on-sight, i.e. with no signalling and train protection systems ensuring the freedom of movement. This is possible due to the rather short braking distances of individual vehicles and shunting consists. The present article analyses the braking behaviour of such shunting units. For this purpose, a dedicated model is developed. It is calibrated on published results of brake tests and validated against a high-definition model for low-speed applications. Based on this model, multiple simulations are executed to obtain a Monte Carlo simulation of the resulting braking distances. Based on the distribution properties and established safety levels, the risk of exceeding certain braking distances is evaluated and maximum braking distances are derived. Together with certain parameters of the system, these can serve in the design and safety assessment of driver assistance systems and automation of these processes.
KW  - Freight rail
KW  - Shunting
KW  - Braking curves
KW  - Brake set-up
KW  - Driver assistance system
Y1  - 2023
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40534-023-00303-7
SN  - 2662-4753 (eISSN)
SN  - 2662-4745 (Print)
VL  - 31
IS  - 2
SP  - 135
EP  - 144
PB  - SpringerOpen
ER  -