TY - JOUR A1 - Jens, Otto A1 - Kaldenhoff, E. A1 - Kirschner-Hermanns, R. A1 - Mühl, Thomas A1 - Klinge, Uwe T1 - Elongation of textile pelvic floor implants under load is related to complete loss of effective porosity, thereby favoring incorporation in scar plates JF - Journal of biomedical materials research. Part A N2 - Use of textile structures for reinforcement of pelvic floor structures has to consider mechanical forces to the implant, which are quite different to the tension free conditions of the abdominal wall. Thus, biomechanical analysis of textile devices has to include the impact of strain on stretchability and effective porosity. Prolift® and Prolift + M®, developed for tension free conditions, were tested by measuring stretchability and effective porosity applying mechanical strain. For comparison, we used Dynamesh-PR4®, which was designed for pelvic floor repair to withstand mechanical strain. Prolift® at rest showed moderate porosity with little stretchability but complete loss of effective porosity at strain of 4.9 N/cm. Prolift + M® revealed an increased porosity at rest, but at strain showed high stretchability, with subsequent loss of effective porosity at strain of 2.5 N/cm. Dynamesh PR4® preserved its high porosity even under strain, but as consequence of limited stretchability. Though in tension free conditions Prolift® and Prolift + M® can be considered as large pore class I meshes, application of mechanical strain rapidly lead to collapse of pores. The loss of porosity at mechanical stress can be prevented by constructions with high structural stability. Assessment of porosity under strain was found helpful to define requirements for pelvic floor devices. Clinical studies have to prove whether devices with high porosity as well as high structural stability can improve the patients' outcome. Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/jbm.a.34767 SN - 1552-4965 VL - 102 IS - 4 SP - 1079 EP - 1084 PB - Wiley CY - New York ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Bouwman, Peter A1 - Gulden, Hanneke van der A1 - Heijden, Ingrid van der A1 - Drost, Rinske A1 - Klijn, Christiaan N. A1 - Prasetyanti, Pramudita A1 - Pieterse, Mark A1 - Wientjens, Ellen A1 - Seibler, Jost A1 - Hogervorst, Frank B. L. A1 - Jonkers, Jos T1 - A High-Throughput Functional Complementation Assay for Classification of BRCA1 Missense Variants JF - Cancer Discovery Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1158/2159-8290.CD-13-0094 SN - 2159-8290 IS - 3 SP - 1142 EP - 1152 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Fischer, Felix A1 - Selver, M. Alper A1 - Gezer, Sinem A1 - Dicle, Oguz A1 - Hillen, Walter T1 - Systematic Parameterization, Storage, and Representation of Volumetric DICOM Data JF - Journal of Medical and Biological Engineering Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s40846-015-0097-5 SN - 2199-4757 VL - 35 IS - 6 SP - 709 EP - 723 PB - Springer CY - Berlin ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Bertz, Morten A1 - Schöning, Michael Josef A1 - Molinnus, Denise A1 - Homma, Takayuki T1 - Influence of temperature, light, and H₂O₂ concentration on microbial spore inactivation: in-situ Raman spectroscopy combined with optical trapping JF - Physica status solidi (a) applications and materials science N2 - To gain insight on chemical sterilization processes, the influence of temperature (up to 70 °C), intense green light, and hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) concentration (up to 30% in aqueous solution) on microbial spore inactivation is evaluated by in-situ Raman spectroscopy with an optical trap. Bacillus atrophaeus is utilized as a model organism. Individual spores are isolated and their chemical makeup is monitored under dynamically changing conditions (temperature, light, and H₂O₂ concentration) to mimic industrially relevant process parameters for sterilization in the field of aseptic food processing. While isolated spores in water are highly stable, even at elevated temperatures of 70 °C, exposure to H₂O₂ leads to a loss of spore integrity characterized by the release of the key spore biomarker dipicolinic acid (DPA) in a concentration-dependent manner, which indicates damage to the inner membrane of the spore. Intensive light or heat, both of which accelerate the decomposition of H₂O₂ into reactive oxygen species (ROS), drastically shorten the spore lifetime, suggesting the formation of ROS as a rate-limiting step during sterilization. It is concluded that Raman spectroscopy can deliver mechanistic insight into the mode of action of H₂O₂-based sterilization and reveal the individual contributions of different sterilization methods acting in tandem. KW - hydrogen peroxide KW - optical spore trapping KW - Raman spectroscopy KW - sterilization conditions KW - temperature Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/pssa.202300866 SN - 1862-6319 (Online) SN - 1862-6300 (Print) N1 - Corresponding author: Michael J. Schöning IS - Early View PB - Wiley-VCH CY - Berlin ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hagenkamp, Markus A1 - Blanke, Tobias A1 - Döring, Bernd T1 - Thermoelectric building temperature control: a potential assessment JF - International Journal of Energy and Environmental Engineering N2 - This study focuses on thermoelectric elements (TEE) as an alternative for room temperature control. TEE are semi-conductor devices that can provide heating and cooling via a heat pump effect without direct noise emissions and no refrigerant use. An efficiency evaluation of the optimal operating mode is carried out for different numbers of TEE, ambient temperatures, and heating loads. The influence of an additional heat recovery unit on system efficiency and an unevenly distributed heating demand are examined. The results show that TEE can provide heat at a coefficient of performance (COP) greater than one especially for small heating demands and high ambient temperatures. The efficiency increases with the number of elements in the system and is subject to economies of scale. The best COP exceeds six at optimal operating conditions. An additional heat recovery unit proves beneficial for low ambient temperatures and systems with few TEE. It makes COPs above one possible at ambient temperatures below 0 ∘C. The effect increases efficiency by maximal 0.81 (from 1.90 to 2.71) at ambient temperature 5 K below room temperature and heating demand Q˙h=100W but is subject to diseconomies of scale. Thermoelectric technology is a valuable option for electricity-based heat supply and can provide cooling and ventilation functions. A careful system design as well as an additional heat recovery unit significantly benefits the performance. This makes TEE superior to direct current heating systems and competitive to heat pumps for small scale applications with focus on avoiding noise and harmful refrigerants. Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s40095-021-00424-x N1 - Corresponding author: Markus Hagenkamp VL - 13 SP - 241 EP - 254 PB - Springer CY - Berlin ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Digel, Ilya A1 - Akimbekov, Nuraly S. A1 - Rogachev, Evgeniy A1 - Pogorelova, Natalia T1 - Bacterial cellulose produced by Medusomyces gisevii on glucose and sucrose: biosynthesis and structural properties JF - Cellulose N2 - In this work, the effects of carbon sources and culture media on the production and structural properties of bacterial cellulose (BC) synthesized by Medusomyces gisevii have been studied. The culture medium was composed of different initial concentrations of glucose or sucrose dissolved in 0.4% extract of plain green tea. Parameters of the culture media (titratable acidity, substrate conversion degree etc.) were monitored daily for 20 days of cultivation. The BC pellicles produced on different carbon sources were characterized in terms of biomass yield, crystallinity and morphology by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), atomic force microscopy and X-ray diffraction. Our results showed that Medusomyces gisevii had higher BC yields in media with sugar concentrations close to 10 g L−1 after a 18–20 days incubation period. Glucose in general lead to a higher BC yield (173 g L−1) compared to sucrose (163.5 g L−1). The BC crystallinity degree and surface roughness were higher in the samples synthetized from sucrose. Obtained FE-SEM micrographs show that the BC pellicles synthesized in the sucrose media contained densely packed tangles of cellulose fibrils whereas the BC produced in the glucose media displayed rather linear geometry of the BC fibrils without noticeable aggregates. KW - Bacterial cellulose KW - Medusomyces gisevi KW - Carbon sources KW - Culture media KW - Cellulose nanostructure Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10570-023-05592-z SN - 1572-882X (Online) SN - 0969-0239 (Print) N1 - Corresponding author: Ilya Digel PB - Springer Science + Business Media CY - Dordrecht ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Möhren, Felix A1 - Bergmann, Ole A1 - Janser, Frank A1 - Braun, Carsten T1 - Assessment of structural mechanical effects related to torsional deformations of propellers JF - CEAS Aeronautical Journal N2 - Lifting propellers are of increasing interest for Advanced Air Mobility. All propellers and rotors are initially twisted beams, showing significant extension–twist coupling and centrifugal twisting. Torsional deformations severely impact aerodynamic performance. This paper presents a novel approach to assess different reasons for torsional deformations. A reduced-order model runs large parameter sweeps with algebraic formulations and numerical solution procedures. Generic beams represent three different propeller types for General Aviation, Commercial Aviation, and Advanced Air Mobility. Simulations include solid and hollow cross-sections made of aluminum, steel, and carbon fiber-reinforced polymer. The investigation shows that centrifugal twisting moments depend on both the elastic and initial twist. The determination of the centrifugal twisting moment solely based on the initial twist suffers from errors exceeding 5% in some cases. The nonlinear parts of the torsional rigidity do not significantly impact the overall torsional rigidity for the investigated propeller types. The extension–twist coupling related to the initial and elastic twist in combination with tension forces significantly impacts the net cross-sectional torsional loads. While the increase in torsional stiffness due to initial twist contributes to the overall stiffness for General and Commercial Aviation propellers, its contribution to the lift propeller’s stiffness is limited. The paper closes with the presentation of approximations for each effect identified as significant. Numerical evaluations are necessary to determine each effect for inhomogeneous cross-sections made of anisotropic material. KW - Lifting propeller KW - Extension–twist coupling KW - Trapeze effect KW - Centrifugal twisting moment Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s13272-024-00737-7 SN - 1869-5590 (eISSN) SN - 1869-5582 N1 - Corresponding author: Felix Möhren PB - Springer CY - Wien ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Thoma, Andreas A1 - Thomessen, Karolin A1 - Gardi, Alessandro A1 - Fisher, A. A1 - Braun, Carsten T1 - Prioritising paths: An improved cost function for local path planning for UAV in medical applications JF - The Aeronautical Journal N2 - Even the shortest flight through unknown, cluttered environments requires reliable local path planning algorithms to avoid unforeseen obstacles. The algorithm must evaluate alternative flight paths and identify the best path if an obstacle blocks its way. Commonly, weighted sums are used here. This work shows that weighted Chebyshev distances and factorial achievement scalarising functions are suitable alternatives to weighted sums if combined with the 3DVFH* local path planning algorithm. Both methods considerably reduce the failure probability of simulated flights in various environments. The standard 3DVFH* uses a weighted sum and has a failure probability of 50% in the test environments. A factorial achievement scalarising function, which minimises the worst combination of two out of four objective functions, reaches a failure probability of 26%; A weighted Chebyshev distance, which optimises the worst objective, has a failure probability of 30%. These results show promise for further enhancements and to support broader applicability. KW - Path planning KW - Cost function KW - Multi-objective optimization Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1017/aer.2023.68 SN - 0001-9240 (Print) SN - 2059-6464 (Online) IS - First View SP - 1 EP - 18 PB - Cambridge University Press CY - Cambridge ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Eggert, Mathias A1 - Kreuzer, Vincent T1 - Sprachsteuerung im Gesundheitswesen – Anforderungen und Auswahl geeigneter Anbieter T1 - Voice control in healthcare—requirements and provider selection JF - HMD Praxis der Wirtschaftsinformatik N2 - Das Gesundheitswesen ist konfrontiert mit steigenden Kosten und einer immer schwieriger werdenden Personalsituation. Zeitgleich versprechen moderne Sprachsteuerungssysteme Prozesse in Arztpraxen und Krankenhäusern zu verschlanken und Vorgänge zu beschleunigen. Dennoch wird derzeit der Einsatz von Sprachsteuerungssystemen in Arztpraxen oder Krankenhäusern nur selten beobachtet, was auch an den besonders strengen Datenschutzauflagen der Datenschutzgrundverordnung (DSGVO) liegt. Darüber hinaus wirft die niedrige Nutzungsrate die Frage nach den konkreten Anforderungen und ihrer Umsetzbarkeit auf, was durch den vorliegenden Beitrag adressiert wird, indem die Ergebnisse von Interviews mit acht medizinischen Fachexperten ausgewertet werden. Ergänzend wird die technische Umsetzbarkeit einzelner Anforderungen mit unterschiedlichen Cloud-Anbietern erprobt. KW - Gesundheitswesen KW - Sprachsteuerung KW - Sprachassistent KW - Anforderungen KW - Umsetzbarkeit Y1 - 2022 SN - 2198-2775 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1365/s40702-022-00919-z SN - 1436-3011 N1 - Corresponding author: Mathias Eggert VL - 59 SP - 1640 EP - 1652 PB - Springer Vieweg CY - Wiesbaden ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Rübbelke, Dirk A1 - Vögele, Stefan A1 - Grajewski, Matthias A1 - Zobel, Luzy T1 - Hydrogen-based steel production and global climate protection: An empirical analysis of the potential role of a European cross border adjustment mechanism JF - Journal of Cleaner Production N2 - The European Union's aim to become climate neutral by 2050 necessitates ambitious efforts to reduce carbon emissions. Large reductions can be attained particularly in energy intensive sectors like iron and steel. In order to prevent the relocation of such industries outside the EU in the course of tightening environmental regulations, the establishment of a climate club jointly with other large emitters and alternatively the unilateral implementation of an international cross-border carbon tax mechanism are proposed. This article focuses on the latter option choosing the steel sector as an example. In particular, we investigate the financial conditions under which a European cross border mechanism is capable to protect hydrogen-based steel production routes employed in Europe against more polluting competition from abroad. By using a floor price model, we assess the competitiveness of different steel production routes in selected countries. We evaluate the climate friendliness of steel production on the basis of specific GHG emissions. In addition, we utilize an input-output price model. It enables us to assess impacts of rising cost of steel production on commodities using steel as intermediates. Our results raise concerns that a cross-border tax mechanism will not suffice to bring about competitiveness of hydrogen-based steel production in Europe because the cost tends to remain higher than the cost of steel production in e.g. China. Steel is a classic example for a good used mainly as intermediate for other products. Therefore, a cross-border tax mechanism for steel will increase the price of products produced in the EU that require steel as an input. This can in turn adversely affect competitiveness of these sectors. Hence, the effects of higher steel costs on European exports should be borne in mind and could require the cross-border adjustment mechanism to also subsidize exports. Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2022.135040 SN - 0959-6526 VL - 380 IS - Part 2, Art. Nr.:135040 PB - Elsevier ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hoffmann, Andreas A1 - Rohrbach, Felix A1 - Uhl, Matthias A1 - Ceblin, Maximilian A1 - Bauer, Thomas A1 - Mallah, Marcel A1 - Jacob, Timo A1 - Heuermann, Holger A1 - Kuehne, Alexander J. C. T1 - Atmospheric pressure plasma-jet treatment of polyacrylonitrile-nonwovens—Stabilization and roll-to-roll processing JF - Journal of Applied Polymer Science N2 - Carbon nanofiber nonwovens represent a powerful class of materials with prospective application in filtration technology or as electrodes with high surface area in batteries, fuel cells, and supercapacitors. While new precursor-to-carbon conversion processes have been explored to overcome productivity restrictions for carbon fiber tows, alternatives for the two-step thermal conversion of polyacrylonitrile precursors into carbon fiber nonwovens are absent. In this work, we develop a continuous roll-to-roll stabilization process using an atmospheric pressure microwave plasma jet. We explore the influence of various plasma-jet parameters on the morphology of the nonwoven and compare the stabilized nonwoven to thermally stabilized samples using scanning electron microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, and infrared spectroscopy. We show that stabilization with a non-equilibrium plasma-jet can be twice as productive as the conventional thermal stabilization in a convection furnace, while producing electrodes of comparable electrochemical performance. KW - batteries and fuel cells KW - electrospinning KW - fibers KW - irradiation KW - porous materials Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/app.52887 SN - 0021-8995 (Print) SN - 1097-4628 (Online) N1 - Weitere Informationen: Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung, Fördernummer: 13XP5036E. Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, Fördernummern: 390874152, 441209207, 327886311 VL - 139 IS - 37 SP - 1 EP - 9 PB - Wiley ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Capitain, Charlotte A1 - Wagner, Sebastian A1 - Hummel, Joana A1 - Tippkötter, Nils T1 - Investigation of C–N Formation Between Catechols and Chitosan for the Formation of a Strong, Novel Adhesive Mimicking Mussel Adhesion JF - Waste and Biomass Valorization Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s12649-020-01110-5 SN - 1877-265X N1 - Corresponding author: Nils Tippkötter VL - 12 SP - 1761 EP - 1779 PB - Springer Nature CY - Cham ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Jablonski, Melanie A1 - Münstermann, Felix A1 - Nork, Jasmina A1 - Molinnus, Denise A1 - Muschallik, Lukas A1 - Bongaerts, Johannes A1 - Wagner, Torsten A1 - Keusgen, Michael A1 - Siegert, Petra A1 - Schöning, Michael Josef T1 - Capacitive field‐effect biosensor applied for the detection of acetoin in alcoholic beverages and fermentation broths JF - physica status solidi (a) applications and materials science N2 - An acetoin biosensor based on a capacitive electrolyte–insulator–semiconductor (EIS) structure modified with the enzyme acetoin reductase, also known as butane-2,3-diol dehydrogenase (Bacillus clausii DSM 8716ᵀ), is applied for acetoin detection in beer, red wine, and fermentation broth samples for the first time. The EIS sensor consists of an Al/p-Si/SiO₂/Ta₂O₅ layer structure with immobilized acetoin reductase on top of the Ta₂O₅ transducer layer by means of crosslinking via glutaraldehyde. The unmodified and enzyme-modified sensors are electrochemically characterized by means of leakage current, capacitance–voltage, and constant capacitance methods, respectively. KW - acetoin KW - acetoin reductase KW - alcoholic beverages KW - biosensors KW - capacitive field-effect sensors Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/pssa.202000765 SN - 1862-6319 N1 - Corresponding author: Melanie Jablonski VL - 218 IS - 13 PB - Wiley-VCH CY - Weinheim ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Götten, Falk A1 - Finger, Felix A1 - Havermann, Marc A1 - Braun, Carsten A1 - Marino, M. A1 - Bil, C. T1 - Full configuration drag estimation of short-to-medium range fixed-wing UAVs and its impact on initial sizing optimization JF - CEAS Aeronautical Journal N2 - The paper presents the derivation of a new equivalent skin friction coefficient for estimating the parasitic drag of short-to-medium range fixed-wing unmanned aircraft. The new coefficient is derived from an aerodynamic analysis of ten different unmanned aircraft used for surveillance, reconnaissance, and search and rescue missions. The aircraft is simulated using a validated unsteady Reynolds-averaged Navier Stokes approach. The UAV’s parasitic drag is significantly influenced by the presence of miscellaneous components like fixed landing gears or electro-optical sensor turrets. These components are responsible for almost half of an unmanned aircraft’s total parasitic drag. The new equivalent skin friction coefficient accounts for these effects and is significantly higher compared to other aircraft categories. It is used to initially size an unmanned aircraft for a typical reconnaissance mission. The improved parasitic drag estimation yields a much heavier unmanned aircraft when compared to the sizing results using available drag data of manned aircraft. KW - Parasitic drag KW - UAV KW - CFD KW - Aircraft sizing Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s13272-021-00522-w SN - 1869-5590 (Online) SN - 1869-5582 (Print) N1 - Corresponding author: Falk Götten VL - 12 SP - 589 EP - 603 PB - Springer CY - Berlin ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Cheenakula, Dheeraja A1 - Hoffstadt, Kevin A1 - Krafft, Simone A1 - Reinecke, Diana A1 - Klose, Holger A1 - Kuperjans, Isabel A1 - Grömping, Markus T1 - Anaerobic digestion of algal–bacterial biomass of an Algal Turf Scrubber system JF - Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery N2 - This study investigated the anaerobic digestion of an algal–bacterial biofilm grown in artificial wastewater in an Algal Turf Scrubber (ATS). The ATS system was located in a greenhouse (50°54′19ʺN, 6°24′55ʺE, Germany) and was exposed to seasonal conditions during the experiment period. The methane (CH4) potential of untreated algal–bacterial biofilm (UAB) and thermally pretreated biofilm (PAB) using different microbial inocula was determined by anaerobic batch fermentation. Methane productivity of UAB differed significantly between microbial inocula of digested wastepaper, a mixture of manure and maize silage, anaerobic sewage sludge, and percolated green waste. UAB using sewage sludge as inoculum showed the highest methane productivity. The share of methane in biogas was dependent on inoculum. Using PAB, a strong positive impact on methane productivity was identified for the digested wastepaper (116.4%) and a mixture of manure and maize silage (107.4%) inocula. By contrast, the methane yield was significantly reduced for the digested anaerobic sewage sludge (50.6%) and percolated green waste (43.5%) inocula. To further evaluate the potential of algal–bacterial biofilm for biogas production in wastewater treatment and biogas plants in a circular bioeconomy, scale-up calculations were conducted. It was found that a 0.116 km2 ATS would be required in an average municipal wastewater treatment plant which can be viewed as problematic in terms of space consumption. However, a substantial amount of energy surplus (4.7–12.5 MWh a−1) can be gained through the addition of algal–bacterial biomass to the anaerobic digester of a municipal wastewater treatment plant. Wastewater treatment and subsequent energy production through algae show dominancy over conventional technologies. KW - Biogas KW - Methane KW - Algal Turf Scrubber KW - Algal–bacterial bioflm KW - Circular bioeconomy Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s13399-022-03236-z SN - 2190-6823 N1 - Corresponding author: Dheeraja Cheenakula VL - 13 SP - 15 Seiten PB - Springer CY - Berlin ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Colombo, Daniele A1 - Drira, Slah A1 - Frotscher, Ralf A1 - Staat, Manfred T1 - An element-based formulation for ES-FEM and FS-FEM models for implementation in standard solid mechanics finite element codes for 2D and 3D static analysis JF - International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering N2 - Edge-based and face-based smoothed finite element methods (ES-FEM and FS-FEM, respectively) are modified versions of the finite element method allowing to achieve more accurate results and to reduce sensitivity to mesh distortion, at least for linear elements. These properties make the two methods very attractive. However, their implementation in a standard finite element code is nontrivial because it requires heavy and extensive modifications to the code architecture. In this article, we present an element-based formulation of ES-FEM and FS-FEM methods allowing to implement the two methods in a standard finite element code with no modifications to its architecture. Moreover, the element-based formulation permits to easily manage any type of element, especially in 3D models where, to the best of the authors' knowledge, only tetrahedral elements are used in FS-FEM applications found in the literature. Shape functions for non-simplex 3D elements are proposed in order to apply FS-FEM to any standard finite element. KW - distorted element KW - ES-FEM KW - FS-FEM KW - non-simplex S-FEM elements KW - S-FEM Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/nme.7126 SN - 1097-0207 VL - 124 IS - 2 SP - 402 EP - 433 PB - Wiley CY - Chichester ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Dachwald, Bernd A1 - Ulamec, Stephan A1 - Postberg, Frank A1 - Sohl, Frank A1 - Vera, Jean-Pierre de A1 - Christoph, Waldmann A1 - Lorenz, Ralph D. A1 - Hellard, Hugo A1 - Biele, Jens A1 - Rettberg, Petra T1 - Key technologies and instrumentation for subsurface exploration of ocean worlds JF - Space Science Reviews N2 - In this chapter, the key technologies and the instrumentation required for the subsurface exploration of ocean worlds are discussed. The focus is laid on Jupiter’s moon Europa and Saturn’s moon Enceladus because they have the highest potential for such missions in the near future. The exploration of their oceans requires landing on the surface, penetrating the thick ice shell with an ice-penetrating probe, and probably diving with an underwater vehicle through dozens of kilometers of water to the ocean floor, to have the chance to find life, if it exists. Technologically, such missions are extremely challenging. The required key technologies include power generation, communications, pressure resistance, radiation hardness, corrosion protection, navigation, miniaturization, autonomy, and sterilization and cleaning. Simpler mission concepts involve impactors and penetrators or – in the case of Enceladus – plume-fly-through missions. Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11214-020-00707-5 SN - 1572-9672 N1 - Corresponding author: Bernd Dachwald VL - 216 IS - Art. 83 PB - Springer CY - Dordrecht ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Geier, Christian A1 - Bialonski, Stephan A1 - Elger, Christian E. A1 - Lehnertz, Klaus T1 - How important is the seizure onset zone for seizure dynamics? JF - Seizure Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seizure.2014.10.013 SN - 1059-1311 VL - 25 SP - 160 EP - 166 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Digel, Ilya A1 - Wehlitz, V. A1 - Kayser, Peter A1 - Figiel-Lange, A. A1 - Bassam, R. A1 - Rundstedt, F. von T1 - Suspension depletion approach for exemption of infected Solanum jasminoides cells from pospiviroids JF - Plant Pathology N2 - Despite numerous studies, viroid elimination from infected plants remains a very challenging task. This study introduces for the first time a novel ‘suspension depletion’ approach for exemption of Solanum jasminoides plants from viroids. The proposed method implies initial establishment of suspension cultures of the infected plant cells. The suspended cells were then physically treated (mild thermotherapy, 33 °C), which presumably delayed the replication of the viroid. The viroid concentration in the treated biomass was monitored weekly using pospiviroid-specific PCR. After 10–12 weeks of continuous treatment, a sufficient decrease in viroid concentration was observed such that the infection became undetectable by PCR. The treated single cells then gave rise to microcolonies on a solid culture medium and the obtained viroid-negative clones were further promoted to regenerate into viroid-free plants. Three years of accumulated experimental data suggests feasibility, broad applicability, and good efficacy of the proposed approach. Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/ppa.12750 SN - 1365-3059 VL - 67 IS - 2 SP - 358 EP - 365 PB - Wiley CY - Oxford ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Michaux, F. A1 - Mattern, P. A1 - Kallweit, Stephan T1 - RoboPIV: how robotics enable PIV on a large industrial scale JF - Measurement Science and Technology N2 - This work demonstrates how the interaction between particle image velocimetry (PIV) and robotics can massively increase measurement efficiency. The interdisciplinary approach is shown using the complex example of an automated, large scale, industrial environment: a typical automotive wind tunnel application. Both the high degree of flexibility in choosing the measurement region and the complete automation of stereo PIV measurements are presented. The setup consists of a combination of three robots, individually used as a 6D traversing unit for the laser illumination system as well as for each of the two cameras. Synchronised movements in the same reference frame are realised through a master-slave setup with a single interface to the user. By integrating the interface into the standard wind tunnel management system, a single measurement plane or a predefined sequence of several planes can be requested through a single trigger event, providing the resulting vector fields within minutes. In this paper, a brief overview on the demands of large scale industrial PIV and the existing solutions is given. Afterwards, the concept of RoboPIV is introduced as a new approach. In a first step, the usability of a selection of commercially available robot arms is analysed. The challenges of pose uncertainty and importance of absolute accuracy are demonstrated through comparative measurements, explaining the individual pros and cons of the analysed systems. Subsequently, the advantage of integrating RoboPIV directly into the existing wind tunnel management system is shown on basis of a typical measurement sequence. In a final step, a practical measurement procedure, including post-processing, is given by using real data and results. Ultimately, the benefits of high automation are demonstrated, leading to a drastic reduction in necessary measurement time compared to non-automated systems, thus massively increasing the efficiency of PIV measurements. Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6501/aab5c1 SN - 1361-6501 N1 - Special Section on the 12th International Symposium on Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV 2017) VL - 29 IS - 7 SP - 074009 PB - IOP CY - Bristol ER -