TY - JOUR A1 - Kuperjans, Isabel T1 - Gute Planung ist alles : Energieeffizienz in der Pharmaproduktion JF - Pharma + Food Y1 - 2011 SN - 1434-8942 VL - 2011 IS - 2 SP - 8 EP - 10 PB - Hüthig CY - Heidelberg ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Grande, Marion A1 - Meffert, Elisabeth A1 - Schoenberger, Eva A1 - Jung, Stefanie A1 - Frauenrath, Tobias A1 - Huber, Walter A1 - Hussmann, Katja A1 - Moormann, Mareike A1 - Heim, Stefan T1 - From a concept to a word in a syntactically complete sentence: An fMRI study on spontaneous language production in an overt picture description task JF - NeuroImage N2 - Spontaneous language has rarely been subjected to neuroimaging studies. This study therefore introduces a newly developed method for the analysis of linguistic phenomena observed in continuous language production during fMRI. Most neuroimaging studies investigating language have so far focussed on single word or — to a smaller extent — sentence processing, mostly due to methodological considerations. Natural language production, however, is far more than the mere combination of words to larger units. Therefore, the present study aimed at relating brain activation to linguistic phenomena like word-finding difficulties or syntactic completeness in a continuous language fMRI paradigm. A picture description task with special constraints was used to provoke hesitation phenomena and speech errors. The transcribed speech sample was segmented into events of one second and each event was assigned to one category of a complex schema especially developed for this purpose. The main results were: conceptual planning engages bilateral activation of the precuneus. Successful lexical retrieval is accompanied – particularly in comparison to unsolved word-finding difficulties – by the left middle and superior temporal gyrus. Syntactic completeness is reflected in activation of the left inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) (area 44). In sum, the method has proven to be useful for investigating the neural correlates of lexical and syntactic phenomena in an overt picture description task. This opens up new prospects for the analysis of spontaneous language production during fMRI. Y1 - 2012 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2012.03.087 SN - 1522-2586 VL - 61 IS - 3 SP - 702 EP - 714 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Staat, Manfred T1 - An extension strain type Mohr–Coulomb criterion JF - Rock mechanics and rock engineering N2 - Extension fractures are typical for the deformation under low or no confining pressure. They can be explained by a phenomenological extension strain failure criterion. In the past, a simple empirical criterion for fracture initiation in brittle rock has been developed. In this article, it is shown that the simple extension strain criterion makes unrealistic strength predictions in biaxial compression and tension. To overcome this major limitation, a new extension strain criterion is proposed by adding a weighted principal shear component to the simple criterion. The shear weight is chosen, such that the enriched extension strain criterion represents the same failure surface as the Mohr–Coulomb (MC) criterion. Thus, the MC criterion has been derived as an extension strain criterion predicting extension failure modes, which are unexpected in the classical understanding of the failure of cohesive-frictional materials. In progressive damage of rock, the most likely fracture direction is orthogonal to the maximum extension strain leading to dilatancy. The enriched extension strain criterion is proposed as a threshold surface for crack initiation CI and crack damage CD and as a failure surface at peak stress CP. Different from compressive loading, tensile loading requires only a limited number of critical cracks to cause failure. Therefore, for tensile stresses, the failure criteria must be modified somehow, possibly by a cut-off corresponding to the CI stress. Examples show that the enriched extension strain criterion predicts much lower volumes of damaged rock mass compared to the simple extension strain criterion. Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00603-021-02608-7 SN - 1434-453X N1 - Corresponding author: Manfred Staat VL - 54 IS - 12 SP - 6207 EP - 6233 PB - Springer Nature CY - Cham ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Yoshinobu, Tatsuo A1 - Miyamoto, Ko-ichiro A1 - Wagner, Torsten A1 - Schöning, Michael Josef T1 - Field-effect sensors combined with the scanned light pulse technique: from artificial olfactory images to chemical imaging technologies JF - Chemosensors N2 - The artificial olfactory image was proposed by Lundström et al. in 1991 as a new strategy for an electronic nose system which generated a two-dimensional mapping to be interpreted as a fingerprint of the detected gas species. The potential distribution generated by the catalytic metals integrated into a semiconductor field-effect structure was read as a photocurrent signal generated by scanning light pulses. The impact of the proposed technology spread beyond gas sensing, inspiring the development of various imaging modalities based on the light addressing of field-effect structures to obtain spatial maps of pH distribution, ions, molecules, and impedance, and these modalities have been applied in both biological and non-biological systems. These light-addressing technologies have been further developed to realize the position control of a faradaic current on the electrode surface for localized electrochemical reactions and amperometric measurements, as well as the actuation of liquids in microfluidic devices. KW - visualization KW - light-addressing technologies KW - scanned light pulse technique KW - field-effect structure KW - MOS KW - metal-oxide-semiconductor structure KW - catalytic metal KW - electronic nose KW - gas sensor KW - artificial olfactory image Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/chemosensors12020020 SN - 2227-9040 N1 - This article belongs to the Special Issue "An Exciting Journey of Chemical Sensors and Biosensors: A Theme Issue in Honor of Professor Ingemar Lundström" Corresponding author: Tatsuo Yoshinobu, Michael J. Schöning VL - 12 IS - 2 PB - MDPI CY - Basel ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Welden, Rene A1 - Jablonski, Melanie A1 - Wege, Christina A1 - Keusgen, Michael A1 - Wagner, Patrick Hermann A1 - Wagner, Torsten A1 - Schöning, Michael Josef T1 - Light-Addressable Actuator-Sensor Platform for Monitoring and Manipulation of pH Gradients in Microfluidics: A Case Study with the Enzyme Penicillinase JF - Biosensors N2 - The feasibility of light-addressed detection and manipulation of pH gradients inside an electrochemical microfluidic cell was studied. Local pH changes, induced by a light-addressable electrode (LAE), were detected using a light-addressable potentiometric sensor (LAPS) with different measurement modes representing an actuator-sensor system. Biosensor functionality was examined depending on locally induced pH gradients with the help of the model enzyme penicillinase, which had been immobilized in the microfluidic channel. The surface morphology of the LAE and enzyme-functionalized LAPS was studied by scanning electron microscopy. Furthermore, the penicillin sensitivity of the LAPS inside the microfluidic channel was determined with regard to the analyte’s pH influence on the enzymatic reaction rate. In a final experiment, the LAE-controlled pH inhibition of the enzyme activity was monitored by the LAPS. KW - microfluidics KW - enzyme kinetics KW - actuator-sensor system KW - light-addressable electrode KW - light-addressable potentiometric sensor Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/bios11060171 SN - 2079-6374 N1 - This article belongs to the Special Issue "Selected Papers from the 1st International Electronic Conference on Biosensors (IECB 2020)" VL - 11 IS - 6 PB - MDPI CY - Basel ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Bialonski, Stephan A1 - Grieger, Niklas T1 - Der KI-Chatbot ChatGPT: Eine Herausforderung für die Hochschulen JF - Die neue Hochschule N2 - Essays, Gedichte, Programmcode: ChatGPT generiert automatisch Texte auf bisher unerreicht hohem Niveau. Dieses und nachfolgende Systeme werden nicht nur die akademische Welt nachhaltig verändern. Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7533758 SN - 0340-448X VL - 2023 IS - 1 SP - 24 EP - 27 PB - HLB CY - Bonn ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Golland, Alexander A1 - Kelbch, Niklas T1 - Kartellrecht vs. Datenschutzrecht: Rechtsgrundlagen für die Datenverarbeitung in sozialen Netzwerken JF - DSB Datenschutz-Berater Y1 - 2023 SN - 0170-7256 IS - 9 SP - 247 EP - 249 PB - DFV Mediengruppe CY - Frankfurt a.M. ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Golland, Alexander T1 - Kompetenz nationaler Wettbewerbsbehörden zur Feststellung eines Verstoßes gegen die DS-GVO BT - Anmerkung zum EuGH-Urteil vom 4.7.2023 JF - MMR - Zeitschrift für IT-Recht und Recht der Digitalisierung Y1 - 2023 IS - 9 SP - 680 EP - 683 PB - Beck CY - München ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Akimbekov, Nuraly S. A1 - Digel, Ilya A1 - Tastambek, Kuanysh T. A1 - Sherelkhan, Dinara K. A1 - Jussupova, Dariya B. A1 - Altynbay, Nazym P. T1 - Low-rank coal as a source of humic substances for soil amendment and fertility management JF - Agriculture N2 - Humic substances (HS), as important environmental components, are essential to soil health and agricultural sustainability. The usage of low-rank coal (LRC) for energy generation has declined considerably due to the growing popularity of renewable energy sources and gas. However, their potential as soil amendment aimed to maintain soil quality and productivity deserves more recognition. LRC, a highly heterogeneous material in nature, contains large quantities of HS and may effectively help to restore the physicochemical, biological, and ecological functionality of soil. Multiple emerging studies support the view that LRC and its derivatives can positively impact the soil microclimate, nutrient status, and organic matter turnover. Moreover, the phytotoxic effects of some pollutants can be reduced by subsequent LRC application. Broad geographical availability, relatively low cost, and good technical applicability of LRC offer the advantage of easy fulfilling soil amendment and conditioner requirements worldwide. This review analyzes and emphasizes the potential of LRC and its numerous forms/combinations for soil amelioration and crop production. A great benefit would be a systematic investment strategy implicating safe utilization and long-term application of LRC for sustainable agricultural production. KW - soil remediation KW - crop yield KW - soil health KW - soil amendment KW - low-rank coal Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture11121261 SN - 2077-0472 N1 - This article belongs to the Special Issue "From Waste to Fertilizer in Sustainable Agriculture" VL - 11 IS - 12 PB - MDPI CY - Basel ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Akimbekov, Nuraly S. A1 - Digel, Ilya A1 - Tastambek, Kuanysh T. A1 - Marat, Adel K. A1 - Turaliyeva, Moldir A. A1 - Kaiyrmanova, Gulzhan K. T1 - Biotechnology of Microorganisms from Coal Environments: From Environmental Remediation to Energy Production JF - Biology N2 - It was generally believed that coal sources are not favorable as live-in habitats for microorganisms due to their recalcitrant chemical nature and negligible decomposition. However, accumulating evidence has revealed the presence of diverse microbial groups in coal environments and their significant metabolic role in coal biogeochemical dynamics and ecosystem functioning. The high oxygen content, organic fractions, and lignin-like structures of lower-rank coals may provide effective means for microbial attack, still representing a greatly unexplored frontier in microbiology. Coal degradation/conversion technology by native bacterial and fungal species has great potential in agricultural development, chemical industry production, and environmental rehabilitation. Furthermore, native microalgal species can offer a sustainable energy source and an excellent bioremediation strategy applicable to coal spill/seam waters. Additionally, the measures of the fate of the microbial community would serve as an indicator of restoration progress on post-coal-mining sites. This review puts forward a comprehensive vision of coal biodegradation and bioprocessing by microorganisms native to coal environments for determining their biotechnological potential and possible applications. Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/biology11091306 SN - 2079-7737 N1 - This article belongs to the Special Issue "Microbial Ecology and Evolution in Extreme Environments" VL - 11 IS - 9 PB - MDPI CY - Basel ER -