TY  - PAT
A1  - Siegert, Petra
A1  - Merkel, Marion
A1  - Hellmuth, Hendrik
A1  - O'Connell, Timothy
A1  - Maurer, Karl-Heinz
T1  - Stabilisierte flüssige enzymhaltige Tensidzubereitung (Einsatz einer das hydrolytische Enzym stabilisierende Komponente, die ein Monosaccharidglycerat umfasst) [Offenlegungsschrift]
T1  - Stabilized liquid enzyme-containing surfactant preparation (using a component which comprises a monosaccharide glycerate and which stabilizes the hydrolytic enzyme) [Europäische Patentanmeldung / Internationale Patentanmeldung]
Y1  - 2012
SP  - 1
EP  - 17
PB  - Deutsches Patent- und Markenamt / Europäisches Patentamt / WIPO
CY  - München / Den Hague / Genf
ER  - 
TY  - PAT
A1  - Siegert, Petra
A1  - Schwaneberg, Ulrich
A1  - Martinez Moya, Ronny
A1  - Merkel, Marion
A1  - Spitz, Astrid
A1  - Wieland, Susanne
A1  - Hellmuth, Hendrik
A1  - Maurer, Karl-Heinz
T1  - Leistungsverbesserte Proteasevariante [Offenlegungsschrift]
T1  - Performance-enhanced protease variant [Europäische Patentanmeldung / Internationale Patentanmeldung]
Y1  - 2012
SP  - 1
EP  - 29
PB  - Deutsches Patent- und Markenamt / Europäisches Patentamt / WIPO
CY  - München / Den Hague / Genf
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Schmitz, Philipp
A1  - Weber, Martin
T1  - Buying and selling behavior of individual investors in option-like securities
JF  - Die Betriebswirtschaft : DBW
N2  - We analyze the trading behavior of individual investors in option-like securities, namely bankissued warrants, and thus expand the growing literature of investors behavior to a new kind of securities. A unique data set from a large German discount broker gives us the opportunity to analyze the trading behavior of 1,454 investors, making 89,958 transactions in 6,724 warrants on 397 underlyings. In different logit regression, we make use of the facts that investors can speculate on rising and falling prices of the underlying with call and put warrants and that we also have information about the stock portfolios of the investors. We report several facts about the trading behavior of individual investors in warrants that are consistent with the literature on the behavior of individual investors in the stock market. The warrant investors buy calls and sell puts if the price of the underlying has decreased over the past trading days and they sell calls and buy puts if the price of the underlying has increased. That means, the investors follow negative feedback trading strategies in all four trading categories observed. In addition, we find strong evidence for the disposition effect for call as well as put warrants, which is reversed in December. The trading behavior is also influenced if the underlying reaches some exceptionally prices, e.g. highs, lows or the strike price. We show that hedging, as one natural candidate to buy puts, does not play an important role in the market for bank-issued warrants.
KW  - Bank-issued Warrants
KW  - Disposition Effect
KW  - Negative Feedback Trading
KW  - Trading Behavior
KW  - Individual Investors
Y1  - 2012
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2055088
SN  - 0342-7064
VL  - 72
IS  - 5
SP  - 409
EP  - 426
PB  - Schäffer-Poeschel
CY  - Stuttgart
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Kern, Alexander
A1  - Schelthoff, Christof
A1  - Mathieu, Moritz
T1  - Calculation of interception efficiencies for mesh-type air-terminations according to IEC 62305-3 using a dynamic electro-geometrical model
T2  - International Conference on Lightning Protection (ICLP) : 2 - 7 Sept. 2012, Vienna
Y1  - 2012
SN  - 978-1-4673-1896-9 (E-Book) ; 978-1-4673-1898-3 (Print)
SP  - 1
EP  - 6
PB  - IEEE
CY  - Piscataway, NJ
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Bagayoko, Lamine
A1  - Geissler, Karsten
A1  - Koch, Eckart
T1  - Dynamik bei Eisenbahnbrücken
T2  - Stahlbau-Kalender : [Eurocode-3-Grundnorm; Brücken] ; Jg. 14 /  hrsg. von Ulrike Kuhlmann
Y1  - 2012
SN  - 978-3-433-02988-6
SP  - 575
EP  - 632
PB  - Ernst & Sohn
CY  - Berlin
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Eilmann, Britta
A1  - Rigling, Andreas
ED  - Abrams, Marc
T1  - Tree-growth analyses to estimate tree species' drought tolerance
JF  - Tree Physiology
N2  - Climate change is challenging forestry management and practices. Among other things, tree species with the ability to cope with more extreme climate conditions have to be identified. However, while environmental factors may severely limit tree growth or even cause tree death, assessing a tree species' potential for surviving future aggravated environmental conditions is rather demanding. The aim of this study was to find a tree-ring-based method suitable for identifying very drought-tolerant species, particularly potential substitute species for Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) in Valais. In this inner-Alpine valley, Scots pine used to be the dominating species for dry forests, but today it suffers from high drought-induced mortality. We investigate the growth response of two native tree species, Scots pine and European larch (Larix decidua Mill.), and two non-native species, black pine (Pinus nigra Arnold) and Douglas fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii Mirb. var. menziesii), to drought. This involved analysing how the radial increment of these species responded to increasing water shortage (abandonment of irrigation) and to increasingly frequent drought years. Black pine and Douglas fir are able to cope with drought better than Scots pine and larch, as they show relatively high radial growth even after irrigation has been stopped and a plastic growth response to drought years. European larch does not seem to be able to cope with these dry conditions as it lacks the ability to recover from drought years. The analysis of trees' short-term response to extreme climate events seems to be the most promising and suitable method for detecting how tolerant a tree species is towards drought. However, combining all the methods used in this study provides a complete picture of how water shortage could limit species.
Y1  - 2012
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/treephys/tps004
SN  - 0829-318X (Print)
SN  - 1758-4469 (Online)
VL  - 32
IS  - 2
SP  - 178
EP  - 187
PB  - Oxford University Press
CY  - Oxford
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Lo Piparo, G. B.
A1  - Kern, Alexander
A1  - Mazzetti, C.
T1  - Some masterpoints about risk due to lightning
T2  - International Conference on Lightning Protection (ICLP) : 2 - 7 Sept. 2012, Vienna
Y1  - 2012
SN  - 978-1-4673-1896-9 (E-Book) ; 978-1-4673-1898-3 (Print)
SP  - 1
EP  - 6
PB  - IEEE
CY  - Piscataway, NJ
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Bragard, Michael
A1  - van Hoek, H.
A1  - De Doncker, R. W.
T1  - A major design step in IETO concept realization that allows overcurrent protection and pushes limits of switching performance
JF  - IEEE transactions on power electronics
N2  - This paper presents the latest prototype of the integrated emitter turn-off thyristor concept, which potentially ranks among thyristor high-power devices like the gate turn-off thyristor and the integrated gate-commutated thyristor (IGCT). Due to modifications of the external driver stage and mechanical press-pack design optimization, this prototype allows for full device characterization. The turn-off capability was increased to 1600 A with an active silicon area of 823mm2 . This leads to a transient peak power of 672.1kW/cm² . Within this paper, measurements and concept assessment are presented and a comparison to state-of-the-art IGCT devices is provided.
Y1  - 2012
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/TPEL.2012.2189136
SN  - 0885-8993
VL  - 27
IS  - 9
SP  - 4163
EP  - 4171
PB  - IEEE
CY  - New York
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Bragard, G.
A1  - Bragard, Michael
T1  - Ein kostengünstiges, universelles Modellbauinterface
JF  - Der mathematische und naturwissenschaftliche Unterricht : MNU ; Organ des Deutschen Vereins zur Förderung des Mathematischen und Naturwissenschaftlichen Unterrichts e.V.
N2  - Wir stellen einen USB-Baustein vor, der eine kostengünstige und universelle Möglichkeit schafft , im Unterricht den Themenkreis Messen-Steuern-Regeln zu behandeln. Die Funktionalität orientiert sich am CVK-Interface der Firma Fischertechnik. Im Gegensatz zu kommerziellen Lösungen erlaubt unser Aufbau auch den preiswerten Einsatz in Gruppen- oder Einzelarbeit. Abschließend berichten wir über ein Beispiel aus dem Unterrichtseinsatz.
Y1  - 2012
SN  - 0025-5866
VL  - 65
IS  - 5
SP  - 290
EP  - 293
PB  - Seeberger
CY  - Neuss
ER  - 
TY  - THES
A1  - Bragard, Michael
T1  - The integrated emitter turn-off thyristor : an innovative MOS-gated high-power device. - (Aachener Beiträge des ISEA ; 62)
N2  - This thesis introduces the Integrated Emitter Turn-Off (IETO) Thyristor as a new high-power device. Known state-of-the-art research activities like the Dual GCT, the ETO thyristor and the ICT were presented and critically reviewed. A comparison with commercialized solutions identifies the pros and cons of each type of device family. Based on this analysis, the IETO structure is proposed, covering most benefits of each device class. In particular the combination of a MOS-assisted turn-off with a thyristor-based device allows a voltage-controlled MOS switching and the low on-state voltage of the thyristors. The following synthesis of an IETO device stands on a three-dimensional field of optimization spanned by electric, mechanical and thermal aspects. From an electric point of view, the lowest possible parasitic inductance and resistance within the commutation path are optimization criteria. The mechanical construction has to withstand the required contact pressure of multiple kilo Newtons. Finally, thermal borders limit the maximum average current of the device. FEM simulations covering these three aspects are performed for several design proposals. An IETO prototype is constructed and measurements on various test benches attest thermal, mechanical and electric performance. A local decoupling of the external driver stage and the presspack housing is presented by a cable connection. This separation enables a thermal and mechanical independence, which is advantageous in terms of vibrations and thermal cycles including increased reliability. The electric pulse performance of the prototype device is a factor of 3.1 above today''s solutions. In single-pulse measurements, a current up to 1600 A was successfully turned off at 115°C with an active silicon area of 823 mm². One reason for this increased turn-off capability is the extremely low-inductive construction. Additional functionality of the IETO thyristor like over-current self-protection and defined short-circuit failure state are successfully verified.
Y1  - 2012
SN  - 978-3-8440-1152-4
N1  - Zugl.: Aachen, Techn. Hochsch., Diss., 2012
PB  - Shaker
CY  - Aachen
ER  -