TY  - CHAP
A1  - Kern, Alexander
A1  - Krichel, Frank
A1  - Müller, Klaus-Peter
T1  - Lightning protection design of a renewable energy hybrid-system without power mains connection
N2  - In the year 2000 a direct lightning strike to the hybridsystem without power mains connection VATALI on the Greek island Crete results in the destruction and damage of some mechanical and electrical components. The hybrid-system VATALI was not lightning protected at that time. The hardware damage costs are approx. 60,000 €. The exposed site of the hybrid-system on top of a mountain was and still is the reason for a high risk of lightning strikes. Also in the future further lightning strikes have to be taken into consideration. In the paper a fundamental lightning protection design concept for renewable energy hybrid-systems without power mains connection and protection measures against direct strikes and overvoltages are shown in detail. The design concept was realized exemplarily for the hybrid-system VATALI. The hardware costs for the protection measures were about 15,000 €. About 50% of the costs are due to protection measures against direct strikes, 50% are due to overvoltage protection. Future extensions, new installations, or modifications have to be included into the lightning protection design concept of the hybrid-system.
KW  - Blitzschutz
KW  - Erneuerbare Energien
KW  - Hybridsystem
KW  - Lightning protection
KW  - Renewable energy
KW  - hybrid-system
Y1  - 2001
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Janz, Norbert
A1  - Ebling, Günther
A1  - Gottschalk, Sandra
A1  - Niggemann, Hiltrud
T1  - The Mannheim Innovation Panels (MIP and MIP-S) of the Centre for European Economic Research (ZEW) / Janz, N., G. Ebling, S. Gottschalk und H. Niggemann
JF  - Schmollers Jahrbuch : Zeitschrift für Wirtschafts- und Sozialwissenschaften ; journal of applied social science studies. 121 (2001)
Y1  - 2001
SN  - 0342-1783
SP  - 123
EP  - 129
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Reichert, Gerhard
A1  - De Lucchi, Michele
T1  - Diffuse Reflexe / Des. Michele De Lucchi, Gerhard Reichert
JF  - MD - Internatioal magazine of design (2001)
Y1  - 2001
SN  - 0343-0642
N1  - Außenleuchte "Palme"
SP  - 26
EP  - 27
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Janz, Norbert
T1  - Innovations in Germany: Market Novelties Gain Greater Importance
JF  - ZEW news. English edition (2001)
Y1  - 2001
SP  - 3
EP  - 3
ER  - 
TY  - BOOK
A1  - Janz, Norbert
A1  - Gottschalk, Sandra
T1  - Innovation Dynamics and Endogenours Market Structue. An Econometric Investigation with Aggregated Innovation Survey Data / Gottschalk, S. und N. Janz
Y1  - 2001
N1  - ZEW-Discussion Paper 01-39 online unter <a href=ftp://ftp.zew.de/pub/zew-docs/dp/dp0139.pdf>ftp://ftp.zew.de/pub/zew-docs/dp/dp0139.pdf</a>
PB  - ZEW Zentrum für Europäische Wirtschaftsförderung
CY  - Mannheim
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Pietschmann, Bernd P.
A1  - Ruhtz, Vanessa
T1  - Knowledge Management
JF  - Personal : Zeitschrift für Human Resource Management. 53 (2001), H. 5
Y1  - 2001
SN  - 0031-5605
SP  - 242
EP  - 249
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Schöning, Michael Josef
A1  - Schroth, Peter
A1  - Lüth, Hans
A1  - Hummel, Hans E.
A1  - Schütz, Stefan
T1  - Insect chemoreceptors coupled to silicon transistors as innovative biosensors
JF  - Proceedings of SPIE. 4205 (2001)
Y1  - 2001
SP  - 152
EP  - 162
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Simonis, A.
A1  - Krings, T.
A1  - Lüth, H.
A1  - Wang, J.
A1  - Schöning, Michael Josef
T1  - A „hybrid“ thin-film pH sensor with integrated thick-film reference
JF  - Sensors. 1 (2001), H. 6
Y1  - 2001
SN  - 1424-8220
SP  - 183
EP  - 192
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Schöning, Michael Josef
T1  - Microelectronics contacts (bio-)chemistry – Semiconductor-based sensors
JF  - Biologi Italiani. 8 (2001)
Y1  - 2001
SN  - 0392-2510
SP  - 5
EP  - 10
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Artmann, Gerhard
A1  - Trzewik, Jürgen
A1  - Mallipattu, S. K.
A1  - Delano, F. A. [u.a.]
T1  - Evidence for a second valve system in Lymphatics: Endothelial Microvalves. Trzewik, Jürgen; Mallipattu, S. K.; Artmann, Gerhard Michael; Delano, F. A.; Schmid-Schonbein, G. W
JF  - The FASEB Journal. 15 (2001)
Y1  - 2001
SN  - 1530-6860
SP  - 1711
EP  - 1717
ER  -