TY  - CHAP
A1  - Fredebeul-Krein, Markus
T1  - Encouraging competition and investment into next generation access networks: The case of long term risk sharing contracts
N2  - Working paper distributed at 2nd Annual Next Generation Telecommunications Conference 2009, 13th – 14th October 2009, Brussels 14 pages Abstract Governments all over Europe are in the process of adopting new broadband strategies. The objective is to create modern telecommunications networks based on powerful broadband infrastructures". In doing so, they aim for innovative and investment-friendly concepts. For instance, in a recently published consultation paper on the subject the German regulator BNetzA declared that it will take “greater account of … reducing risks, securing the investment and innovation power, providing planning certainty and transparency – in order to support and advance broadband rollout in Germany”. It further states that when regulating wholesale rates it has to be ensured that “… adequate incentives for network rollout are provided on the one hand, while sustainable and fair competition is ensured on the other”. Also an EC draft recommendation on regulated network access is about to set new standards for the regulation of next generation access networks. According to the recommendation the prices of new assets shall be based on costs plus a projectspecific risk premium to be included in the costs of capital for the investment risk incurred by the operator. This approach has been criticised from various sides. In particular it has been questioned whether such an approach is adequate to meet the objectives of encouraging both competition and investment into next generation access networks. Against this background, the concept of “long term risk sharing contracts” has been proposed recently as an approach which does not only incorporate the various additional risks involved in the deployment of NGA infrastructure, but has several other advantages. This paper will demonstrate that the concept allows for competition to evolve at both the retail and wholesale level on fair, objective, non-discriminatory and transparent terms and conditions. Moreover, it ensures the highest possible investment incentive in line with socially desirable outcome. The paper is organised as follows: The next section will briefly outline the importance of encouraging competition and investment in an NGA-environment. The third section will specify the design of long term risk sharing contracts in view of achieving these objectives. The fourth section will examine potential problems associated with the concept. In doing so a way of how to deal with them will be elaborated. The last section will look at arguments against long term risk sharing contracts. It will be shown that these arguments are not strong enough to build a case against introducing such contracts.
KW  - Electronic Commerce
KW  - Breitband Markt
KW  - Regulierung
KW  - Internet
KW  - Bundesnetzagentur
KW  - broadband market
KW  - regulation
KW  - Internet
KW  - next generation access networks
KW  - risk sharing
Y1  - 2009
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Fredebeul-Krein, Markus
A1  - Steingröver, Markus
T1  - Next Generation Access Networks: Why is there a higher risk of investment and how to deal with it?
JF  - Wettbewerbsprobleme im Internet / Jörn Kruse ... (Hrsg.). Mit Beitr. von: Patrick F. E. Beschorner ...
Y1  - 2009
SN  - 978-3-8329-5024-8
N1  - Hamburger Forum Medienökonomie ; 9
SP  - 83
EP  - 102
PB  - Nomos, Ed. Fischer
CY  - Baden-Baden
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Frings, Michael
T1  - Das Wohnungsrecht : Ausübungshindernis, Sozialhilferegress und Fremdvermietung bei Übergabeverträgen
JF  - Neue Wirtschaftsbriefe Online; NWB ; Zeitschrift für Steuer- und Wirtschaftsrecht ; Sammelwerk ; Aufsätze, Kommentare, Gesetzestexte, Urteile (2009)
Y1  - 2009
SN  - 0028-3460
N1  - zugleich: NWB Fach 19 S. 4109 - ; NWB DokID: XAAAD-24202 ; Zugriff über die Digitale Bibliothek
SP  - 2253
EP  - 2262
PB  - NWB Verlag
CY  - Herne
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Frings, Michael
T1  - Die Neuregelung der Haftung für Vereins- und Stiftungsvorstände : Überwachungspflicht, Haftungsprivilegierung, Haftungsfreistellung bei einfacher Fahrlässigkeit
JF  - Neue Wirtschaftsbriefe Online; NWB ; Zeitschrift für Steuer- und Wirtschaftsrecht ; Sammelwerk ; Aufsätze, Kommentare, Gesetzestexte, Urteile (2009)
Y1  - 2009
SN  - 0028-3460
N1  - zugleich: NWB Fach 18 - ; NWB DokID: LAAAD-31399 ; Zugriff über die Digitale Bibliothek
SP  - 3662
EP  - 3667
PB  - NWB Verlag
CY  - Herne
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Frings, Michael
T1  - Überleitungsfähigkeit des Wohnungsrechts auf Sozialhilfeträger?
JF  - Sozialrecht aktuell. 13 (2009)
Y1  - 2009
SN  - 1434-7261
SP  - 2001
EP  - 2004
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Fuchs, Britta
A1  - Ritz, Thomas
ED  - Bick, Markus
T1  - Blended Shopping
T2  - Mobile und ubiquitäre Informationssysteme - Entwicklung, Implementierung und Anwendung : Proceedings zur 4. Konferenz Mobile und Ubiquitäre Informationssysteme (MMS 2009), 3. März 2009 in Münster, Germany. - (GI-Edition : Proceedings ; 146)
Y1  - 2009
SN  - 978-3-88579-240-6
N1  - Link führt zum ganzen Konferenzband.
SP  - 109
EP  - 122
PB  - Ges. für Informatik
CY  - Bonn
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Funke, Harald
A1  - Esch, Thomas
A1  - Roosen, Peter
ED  - Bartz, Wilfried J.
T1  - Using motor gasoline for aircrafts - coping with growing bio-fuel-caused risks by understanding cause-effect relationship
T2  - Fuels 2009 : mineral oil based and alternative fuels ; 7th international colloquium ; January 14 - 15, 2009
N2  - The utilisation of vehicle-oriented gasoline in general aviation is very desirable for both ecological and economical reasons, as well as for general considerations of availability. As of today vehicle fuels may be used if the respective engine and cell are certified for such an operation. For older planes a supplementary technical certificate is provided for gasoline mixtures with less than 1 % v/v ethanol only, though. Larger admixtures of ethanol may lead to sudden engine malfunction and should be considered as considerable security risks. Major problems are caused by the partially ethanol non-withstanding materials, a necessarily changed stochiometric adjustment of the engine for varying ethanol shares and the tendency for phase separation in the presence of absorbed water. The concepts of the flexible fuel vehicles are only partially applicable in the view of air security.
Y1  - 2009
SN  - 978-3-924813-75-8
SP  - 237
EP  - 244
PB  - Technische Akademie Esslingen (TAE)
CY  - Ostfildern
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Gall, J.
A1  - Abel, D.
A1  - Ahlbrink, N.
A1  - Andersson, J.
A1  - Diehl, M.
A1  - Pitz-Paal, R.
A1  - Schmitz, M.
A1  - Teixeira Boura, Cristiano José
T1  - Optimized control of hot-gas cycle for solar thermal power plants
T2  - Proceedings of the 7th International Modelica Conference : Como, Italy, 20-22 September 2009 / Francesco Casella, ed.
Y1  - 2009
SN  - 978-91-7393-513-5
SP  - 490
EP  - 495
PB  - The Modelica Association
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Gasparyan, F. V.
A1  - Poghossian, Arshak
A1  - Vitusevich, S. A.
A1  - Petrychuk, M. V.
A1  - Sydoruk, V. A.
A1  - Surmalyan, A. V.
A1  - Siqueira, J. R.
A1  - Oliveira, O. N.
A1  - Offenhäusser, A.
A1  - Schöning, Michael Josef
T1  - Low Frequency Noise In Electrolyte-Gate Field-Effect Devices Functionalized With Dendrimer/Carbon-Nanotube Multilayers
JF  - Noise and fluctuations : 20th International Conference on Noise and Fluctuations, ICNF 2009, Pisa, Italy, 14 - 19 June 2009 / ed. Massimo Macucci; Giovanni Basso
Y1  - 2009
SN  - 9780735406650
N1  - AIP conference proceedings ; 1129 ; International Conference on Noise and Fluctuations ; (20, 2009, Pisa)
SP  - 133
EP  - 136
PB  - American Inst. of Physics
CY  - Melville, NY
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Gehler, M.
A1  - Ober-Blöbaum, S.
A1  - Dachwald, Bernd
T1  - Application of discrete mechanics and optimal control to spacecraft in non-keplerian motion around small solar system bodies
T2  - Procceedings of the 60th International Astronautical Congress
N2  - Prolonged operations close to small solar system bodies require a sophisticated control logic to minimize propellant mass and maximize operational efficiency. A control logic based on Discrete Mechanics and Optimal Control (DMOC) is proposed and applied to both conventionally propelled and solar sail spacecraft operating at an arbitrarily shaped asteroid in the class of Itokawa. As an example, stand-off inertial hovering is considered, recently identified as a challenging part of the Marco Polo mission. The approach is easily extended to stand-off orbits. We show that DMOC is applicable to spacecraft control at small objects, in particular with regard to the fact that the changes in gravity are exploited by the algorithm to optimally control the spacecraft position. Furthermore, we provide some remarks on promising developments.
KW  - Spacecraft
Y1  - 2009
SN  - 978-161567908-9
N1  - 60th International Astronautical Congress 2009, IAC 2009; Daejeon; South Korea; 12 October 2009 through 16 October 2009
SP  - 1360
EP  - 1371
PB  - Elsevier
CY  - Amsterdam
ER  -