TY - CHAP A1 - Frotscher, Ralf A1 - Staat, Manfred ED - Artmann, Gerhard ED - Temiz Artmann, Aysegül ED - Zhubanova, Azhar A. ED - Digel, Ilya T1 - Towards Patient-Specific Computational Modeling of hiPS-Derived Cardiomyocyte Function and Drug Action T2 - Biological, Physical and Technical Basics of Cell Engineering N2 - Human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPS-CM) today are widely used for the investigation of normal electromechanical cardiac function, of cardiac medication and of mutations. Computational models are thus established that simulate the behavior of this kind of cells. This section first motivates the modeling of hiPS-CM and then presents and discusses several modeling approaches of microscopic and macroscopic constituents of human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived and mature human cardiac tissue. The focus is led on the mapping of the computational results one can achieve with these models onto mature human cardiomyocyte models, the latter being the real matter of interest. Model adaptivity is the key feature that is discussed because it opens the way for modeling various biological effects like biological variability, medication, mutation and phenotypical expression. We compare the computational with experimental results with respect to normal cardiac function and with respect to inotropic and chronotropic drug effects. The section closes with a discussion on the status quo of the specificity of computational models and on what challenges have to be solved to reach patient-specificity. Y1 - 2018 SN - 978-981-10-7904-7 U6 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-7904-7_10 SP - 233 EP - 250 PB - Springer CY - Singapore ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Digel, Ilya A1 - Akimbekov, Nuraly Sh. A1 - Kistaubayeva, Aida A1 - Zhubanova, Azhar A. ED - Artmann, Gerhard ED - Temiz Artmann, Aysegül ED - Zhubanova, Azhar A. ED - Digel, Ilya T1 - Microbial Sampling from Dry Surfaces: Current Challenges and Solutions T2 - Biological, Physical and Technical Basics of Cell Engineering N2 - Sampling of dry surfaces for microorganisms is a main component of microbiological safety and is of critical importance in many fields including epidemiology, astrobiology as well as numerous branches of medical and food manufacturing. Aspects of biofilm formation, analysis and removal in aqueous solutions have been thoroughly discussed in literature. In contrast, microbial communities on air-exposed (dry) surfaces have received significantly less attention. Diverse surface sampling methods have been developed in order to address various surfaces and microbial groups, but they notoriously show poor repeatability, low recovery rates and suffer from lack of mutual consistency. Quantitative sampling for viable microorganisms represents a particular challenge, especially on porous and irregular surfaces. Therefore, it is essential to examine in depth the factors involved in microorganisms’ recovery efficiency and accuracy depending on the sampling technique used. Microbial colonization, retention and community composition on different dry surfaces are very complex and rely on numerous physicochemical and biological factors. This study is devoted to analyze and review the (a) physical phenomena and intermolecular forces relevant for microbiological surface sampling; (b) challenges and problems faced by existing sampling methods for viable microorganisms and (c) current directions of engineering and research aimed at improvement of quality and efficiency of microbiological surface sampling. KW - Sampling methods KW - Surface microorganisms KW - Dry surfaces KW - Microbial adhesion KW - Swabbing Y1 - 2018 SN - 978-981-10-7904-7 U6 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-7904-7_19 SP - 421 EP - 456 PB - Springer CY - Singapore ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Welden, Rene A1 - Scheja, Sabrina A1 - Schöning, Michael Josef A1 - Wagner, Patrick A1 - Wagner, Torsten T1 - Electrochemical Evaluation of Light‐Addressable Electrodes Based on TiO2 for the Integration in Lab‐on‐Chip Systems JF - physica status solidi a : applications and materials sciences N2 - In lab-on-chip systems, electrodes are important for the manipulation (e.g., cell stimulation, electrolysis) within such systems. An alternative to commonly used electrode structures can be a light-addressable electrode. Here, due to the photoelectric effect, the conducting area can be adjusted by modification of the illumination area which enables a flexible control of the electrode. In this work, titanium dioxide based light-addressable electrodes are fabricated by a sol–gel technique and a spin-coating process, to deposit a thin film on a fluorine-doped tin oxide glass. To characterize the fabricated electrodes, the thickness, and morphological structure are measured by a profilometer and a scanning electron microscope. For the electrochemical behavior, the dark current and the photocurrent are determined for various film thicknesses. For the spatial resolution behavior, the dependency of the photocurrent while changing the area of the illuminated area is studied. Furthermore, the addressing of single fluid compartments in a three-chamber system, which is added to the electrode, is demonstrated. Y1 - 2018 U6 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pssa.201800150 SN - 1862-6319 VL - 215 IS - 15 SP - Article number 1800150 PB - Wiley-VCH CY - Weinheim ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Koch, Claudia A1 - Poghossian, Arshak A1 - Wege, Christina A1 - Schöning, Michael Josef ED - Wege, Christina T1 - TMV-Based Adapter Templates for Enhanced Enzyme Loading in Biosensor Applications T2 - Virus-Derived Nanoparticles for Advanced Technologies N2 - Nanotubular tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) particles and RNA-free lower-order coat protein (CP) aggregates have been employed as enzyme carriers in different diagnostic layouts and compared for their influence on biosensor performance. In the following, we describe a label-free electrochemical biosensor for improved glucose detection by use of TMV adapters and the enzyme glucose oxidase (GOD). A specific and efficient immobilization of streptavidin-conjugated GOD ([SA]-GOD) complexes on biotinylated TMV nanotubes or CP aggregates was achieved via bioaffinity binding. Glucose sensors with adsorptively immobilized [SA]-GOD, and with [SA]-GOD cross-linked with glutardialdehyde, respectively, were tested in parallel on the same sensor chip. Comparison of these sensors revealed that TMV adapters enhanced the amperometric glucose detection remarkably, conveying highest sensitivity, an extended linear detection range and fastest response times. These results underline a great potential of an integration of virus/biomolecule hybrids with electronic transducers for applications in biosensorics and biochips. Here, we describe the fabrication and use of amperometric sensor chips combining an array of circular Pt electrodes, their loading with GOD-modified TMV nanotubes (and other GOD immobilization methods), and the subsequent investigations of the sensor performance. KW - Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) KW - Coat protein KW - Enzyme nanocarrier KW - Glucose biosensor KW - Glucose oxidase Y1 - 2018 SN - 978-1-4939-7808-3 U6 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-7808-3 N1 - Methods in Molecular Biology, vol 1776 SP - 553 EP - 568 PB - Humana Press CY - New York, NY ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Bronder, Thomas A1 - Jessing, Max P. A1 - Poghossian, Arshak A1 - Keusgen, Michael A1 - Schöning, Michael Josef T1 - Detection of PCR-Amplified Tuberculosis DNA Fragments with Polyelectrolyte-Modified Field-Effect Sensors JF - Analytical Chemistry N2 - Field-effect-based electrolyte-insulator-semiconductor (EIS) sensors were modified with a bilayer of positively charged weak polyelectrolyte (poly(allylamine hydrochloride) (PAH)) and probe single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) and are used for the detection of complementary single-stranded target DNA (cDNA) in different test solutions. The sensing mechanism is based on the detection of the intrinsic molecular charge of target cDNA molecules after the hybridization event between cDNA and immobilized probe ssDNA. The test solutions contain synthetic cDNA oligonucleotides (with a sequence of tuberculosis mycobacteria genome) or PCR-amplified DNA (which origins from a template DNA strand that has been extracted from Mycobacterium avium paratuberculosis-spiked human sputum samples), respectively. Sensor responses up to 41 mV have been measured for the test solutions with DNA, while only small signals of ∼5 mV were detected for solutions without DNA. The lower detection limit of the EIS sensors was ∼0.3 nM, and the sensitivity was ∼7.2 mV/decade. Fluorescence experiments using SybrGreen I fluorescence dye support the electrochemical results. Y1 - 2018 U6 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.analchem.8b01807 SN - 0003-2700 VL - 90 IS - 12 SP - 7747 EP - 7753 PB - ACS Publications CY - Washington, DC ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Jildeh, Zaid B. A1 - Oberländer, Jan A1 - Kirchner, Patrick A1 - Keusgen, Michael A1 - Wagner, Patrick H. A1 - Schöning, Michael Josef T1 - Experimental and Numerical Analyzes of a Sensor Based on Interdigitated Electrodes for Studying Microbiological Alterations JF - physica status solidi (a): applications and materials science N2 - In this work, a cell-based biosensor to evaluate the sterilization efficacy of hydrogen peroxide vapor sterilization processes is characterized. The transducer of the biosensor is based on interdigitated gold electrodes fabricated on an inert glass substrate. Impedance spectroscopy is applied to evaluate the sensor behavior and the alteration of test microorganisms due to the sterilization process. These alterations are related to changes in relative permittivity and electrical conductivity of the bacterial spores. Sensor measurements are conducted with and without bacterial spores (Bacillus atrophaeus), as well as after an industrial sterilization protocol. Equivalent two-dimensional numerical models based on finite element method of the periodic finger structures of the interdigitated gold electrodes are designed and validated using COMSOL® Multiphysics software by the application of known dielectric properties. The validated models are used to compute the electrical properties at different sensor states (blank, loaded with spores, and after sterilization). As a final result, we will derive and tabulate the frequency-dependent electrical parameters of the spore layer using a novel model that combines experimental data with numerical optimization techniques. Y1 - 2018 U6 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pssa.201700920 SN - 1862-6319 VL - 215 IS - 15 PB - Wiley-VCH CY - Weinheim ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Jildeh, Zaid B. A1 - Oberländer, Jan A1 - Kirchner, Patrick A1 - Wagner, Patrick H. A1 - Schöning, Michael Josef T1 - Thermocatalytic Behavior of Manganese (IV) Oxide as Nanoporous Material on the Dissociation of a Gas Mixture Containing Hydrogen Peroxide JF - Nanomaterials N2 - In this article, we present an overview on the thermocatalytic reaction of hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) gas on a manganese (IV) oxide (MnO₂) catalytic structure. The principle of operation and manufacturing techniques are introduced for a calorimetric H₂O₂ gas sensor based on porous MnO₂. Results from surface analyses by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of the catalytic material provide indication of the H₂O₂ dissociation reaction schemes. The correlation between theory and the experiments is documented in numerical models of the catalytic reaction. The aim of the numerical models is to provide further information on the reaction kinetics and performance enhancement of the porous MnO₂ catalyst. Y1 - 2018 U6 - http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano8040262 SN - 2079-4991 VL - 8 IS - 4 PB - MDPI CY - Basel ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Koch, Claudia A1 - Poghossian, Arshak A1 - Schöning, Michael Josef A1 - Wege, Christian T1 - Penicillin Detection by Tobacco Mosaic Virus-Assisted Colorimetric Biosensors JF - Nanotheranostics N2 - The presentation of enzymes on viral scaffolds has beneficial effects such as an increased enzyme loading and a prolonged reusability in comparison to conventional immobilization platforms. Here, we used modified tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) nanorods as enzyme carriers in penicillin G detection for the first time. Penicillinase enzymes were conjugated with streptavidin and coupled to TMV rods by use of a bifunctional biotin-linker. Penicillinase-decorated TMV particles were characterized extensively in halochromic dye-based biosensing. Acidometric analyte detection was performed with bromcresol purple as pH indicator and spectrophotometry. The TMV-assisted sensors exhibited increased enzyme loading and strongly improved reusability, and higher analysis rates compared to layouts without viral adapters. They extended the half-life of the sensors from 4 - 6 days to 5 weeks and thus allowed an at least 8-fold longer use of the sensors. Using a commercial budget-priced penicillinase preparation, a detection limit of 100 µM penicillin was obtained. Initial experiments also indicate that the system may be transferred to label-free detection layouts. Y1 - 2018 U6 - http://dx.doi.org/10.7150/ntno.22114 SN - 2206-7418 VL - 2 IS - 2 SP - 184 EP - 196 PB - Ivyspring CY - Sydney ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Schreiber, Marc A1 - Kraft, Bodo A1 - Zündorf, Albert T1 - NLP Lean Programming Framework: Developing NLP Applications More Effectively T2 - Proceedings of NAACL-HLT 2018: Demonstrations, New Orleans, Louisiana, June 2 - 4, 2018 N2 - This paper presents NLP Lean Programming framework (NLPf), a new framework for creating custom natural language processing (NLP) models and pipelines by utilizing common software development build systems. This approach allows developers to train and integrate domain-specific NLP pipelines into their applications seamlessly. Additionally, NLPf provides an annotation tool which improves the annotation process significantly by providing a well-designed GUI and sophisticated way of using input devices. Due to NLPf’s properties developers and domain experts are able to build domain-specific NLP applications more efficiently. NLPf is Opensource software and available at https:// gitlab.com/schrieveslaach/NLPf. Y1 - 2018 U6 - http://dx.doi.org/10.18653/v1/N18-5001  ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Vahidpour, Farnoosh A1 - Oberländer, Jan A1 - Schöning, Michael Josef T1 - Flexible Calorimetric Gas Sensors for Detection of a Broad Concentration Range of Gaseous Hydrogen Peroxide: A Step Forward to Online Monitoring of Food-Package Sterilization Processes JF - Phys. Status Solidi A N2 - In this study, flexible calorimetric gas sensors are developed for specificdetection of gaseous hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) over a wide concentrationrange, which is used in sterilization processes for aseptic packaging industry.The flexibility of these sensors is an advantage for identifying the chemical components of the sterilant on the corners of the food boxes, so-called “coldspots”, as critical locations in aseptic packaging, which are of great importance. These sensors are fabricated on flexible polyimide films by means of thin-film technique. Thin layers of titanium and platinum have been deposited on polyimide to define the conductive structures of the sensors. To detect the high-temperature evaporated H₂O₂, a differential temperature set-up is proposed. The sensors are evaluated in a laboratory-scaled sterilizationsystem to simulate the sterilization process. The concentration range of the evaporated H₂O₂ from 0 to 7.7% v/v was defined and the sensors have successfully detected high as well as low H₂O₂ concentrations with a sensitivity of 5.04 °C/% v/v. The characterizations of the sensors confirm their precise fabrication, high sensitivity and the novelty of low H₂O₂ concentration detections for future inline monitoring of food-package sterilization. Y1 - 2018 U6 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pssa.201800044 VL - 215 IS - 15 PB - Wiley-VCH CY - Weinheim ER -