TY - JOUR A1 - Heinrich, U. A1 - Blum, A. A1 - Bussmann, N. A1 - Engels, R. A1 - Kemmerling, G. A1 - Weber, S. A1 - Ziemons, Karl T1 - Statistical studies on the light output and energy resolution of small LSO single crystals with different surface treatments combined with various reflector materials JF - Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment N2 - The optimization of light output and energy resolution of scintillators is of special interest for the development of high resolution and high sensitivity PET. The aim of this work is to obtain statistically reliable results concerning optimal surface treatment of scintillation crystals and the selection of reflector material. For this purpose, raw, mechanically polished and etched LSO crystals (size 2×2×10 mm3) were combined with various reflector materials (Teflon tape, Teflon matrix, BaSO4) and exposed to a 22Na source. In order to ensure the statistical reliability of the results, groups of 10 LSO crystals each were measured for all combinations of surface treatment and reflector material. Using no reflector material the light output increased up to 551±35% by mechanical polishing the surface compared to 100±5% for raw crystals. Etching the surface increased the light output to 441±29%. The untreated crystals had an energy resolution of 24.6±4.0%. By mechanical polishing the surface it was possible to achieve an energy resolution of 13.2±0.8%, by etching of 14.8±0.7%. In combination with BaSO4 as reflector material the maximum increase of light output has been established to 932±57% for mechanically polished and 895±61% for etched crystals. The combination with BaSO4 also caused the best improvement of the energy resolution up to 11.6±0.2% for mechanically polished and 12.2±0.3% for etched crystals. Relating to the light output there was no significant statistical difference between the two surface treatments in combination with BaSO4. In contrast to this, the statistical results of the energy resolution have shown the combination of mechanical polishing and BaSO4 as the optimum. Y1 - 2002 SN - 0168-9002 N1 - Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Inorganic Scin tillators and their Use in Scientific and Industrial Applications VL - 486 IS - 1-2 SP - 60 EP - 66 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hillen, Walter A1 - Unglauben, F. A1 - Wirtz, G. T1 - Architectures and Modeling of Distributed Image Information Systems. Unglauben, F.; Hillen, W.; Wirtz, G. JF - Proceedings : July 14 - 18, 2002, Orlando, Florida, USA ; [jointly with the 8th International Conference on Information Systems Analysis and Synthesis (ISAS 2002)] / organized by IIIS, International Institute of Informatics and Systemics. Ed. by Nagib Callaos Y1 - 2002 SN - 9800781501 N1 - World Multiconference on Systemics, Cybernetics and Informatics ; (6, 2002, Orlando, Fla.) ; International Conference on Information Systems, Analysis and Synthesis ; (8, 2002, Orlando, Fla.) ; International Institute of Informatics and Systemics ; World Multiconference on Systemics, Cybernetics and Informatics ; (6 : ; 2002.07.14-18 : ; Orlando, Fla.) ; SCI 2002 ; (6 : ; 2002.07.14-18 : ; Orlando, Fla.) ; International Conference on Information Systems Analysis and Synthesis ; (8 : ; 2002.07.14-18 : ; Orlando, Fla.) ; ISAS 2002 ; (8 : ; 2002.07.14-18 : ; Orlando, Fla.) PB - IIIS CY - Orlando, Fla. ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Keusgen, M. A1 - Jünger, M. A1 - Schöning, Michael Josef T1 - Biosensoric detection of the cysteine sulphoxide alliin JF - Book of abstracts / ed. by J. Saneistr. Y1 - 2002 SN - 80-01-02576-4 N1 - Eurosensors ; (16, 2002, Praha) SP - 1175 EP - 1178 PB - Czech Technical University, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Department of Measurement CY - Prague ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Khodaverdi, M. A1 - Pauly, F. A1 - Schroder, G. A1 - Ziemons, Karl A1 - Sievering, R. A1 - Halling, H. T1 - Preliminary studies of a micro-CT for a combined small animal PET/CT scanner JF - 2001 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium Conference Record, Vol. 3 N2 - We are developing an X-ray computed tomography (CT) system which will be combined with a high resolution animal PET system. This permits acquisition of both molecular and anatomical images in a single machine. In particular the CT will also be utilized for the quantification of the animal PET data by providing accurate data for attenuation correction. A first prototype has been built using a commercially available plane silicon diode detector. A cone-beam reconstruction provides the images using the Feldkamp algorithm. First measurements with this system have been performed on a mouse. It could be shown that the CT setup fulfils all demands for a high quality image of the skeleton of the mouse. It is also suited for soft tissue measurements. To improve contrast and resolution and to acquire the X-ray energy further development of the system, especially the use of semiconductor detectors and iterative reconstruction algorithms are planned. Y1 - 2002 SN - 1082-3654 SP - 1605 EP - 1606 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kloock, Joachim P. A1 - Mourzina, Y.G. A1 - Yoshinobu, T. A1 - Schubert, J. A1 - Schöning, Michael Josef T1 - Chalkogenidglassensoren für die Schwermetallanalytik JF - Sensoren und Mess-Systeme : Vorträge der 11. ITG/GMA-Fachtagung vom 11. bis 12. März 2002 in Ludwigsburg / Veranst.: Informationstechnische Gesellschaft im VDE (ITG) ... Wiss. Tagungsleitung: C. D. Kohl .... Y1 - 2002 SN - 3-8007-2675-0 N1 - Sensoren und Mess-Systeme 2002 SP - 395 EP - 398 PB - VDE-Verl. CY - Berlin [u.a.] ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kotliar, Konstantin A1 - Lanzl, I. M. T1 - Biomechanical modeling of the aqueous humor outflow after non-penetrating glaucoma filtration surgery in the human eye JF - Acta of bioengineering and biomechanics Y1 - 2002 SN - 1509-409X VL - Vol. 4 IS - Suppl. 1 SP - 728 EP - 729 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Kraft, Bodo A1 - Meyer, Oliver A1 - Nagl, Manfred T1 - Graph technology support for conceptual design in civil engineering N2 - In: Advances in intelligent computing in engineering : proceedings of the 9.International EG-ICE Workshop ; Darmstadt, (01 - 03 August) 2002 / Martina Schnellenbach-Held ... (eds.) . - Düsseldorf: VDI-Verl., 2002 .- Fortschritt-Berichte VDI, Reihe 4, Bauingenieurwesen ; 180 ; S. 1-35 The paper describes a novel way to support conceptual design in civil engineering. The designer uses semantical tools guaranteeing certain internal structures of the design result but also the fulfillment of various constraints. Two different approaches and corresponding tools are discussed: (a) Visually specified tools with automatic code generation to determine a design structure as well as fixing various constraints a design has to obey. These tools are also valuable for design knowledge specialist. (b) Extensions of existing CAD tools to provide semantical knowledge to be used by an architect. It is sketched how these different tools can be combined in the future. The main part of the paper discusses the concepts and realization of two prototypes following the two above approaches. The paper especially discusses that specific graphs and the specification of their structure are useful for both tool realization projects. KW - CAD KW - CAD ; KW - CAD KW - civil engineering Y1 - 2002 SN - 3-18-318004-9 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kurowski, A. A1 - Schultze, J. A1 - Lüth, H. A1 - Schöning, Michael Josef T1 - Micro- and nanopatterning of sensor chips by means of macroporous silicon. JF - Sensors and Actuators B. 83 (2002), H. 1-3 Y1 - 2002 SN - 0925-4005 N1 - Selected Papers from TRANSDUCERS '01 EUROSENSORS XV SP - 123 EP - 128 ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Laack, Walter van T1 - Eine bessere Geschichte unserer Welt / Bd. 3. Der Tod Y1 - 2002 SN - 978-3-8311-3581-3 PB - van Laack CY - Aachen ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Laack, Walter van T1 - A better history of our world / Vol. 2. Life Y1 - 2002 SN - 978-3-8311-2597-5 N1 - [Eine bessere Geschichte unserer Welt ] PB - van Laack CY - Aachen ER -