TY - CHAP A1 - Sattler, Johannes Christoph A1 - Schneider, Iesse Peer A1 - Angele, Florian A1 - Atti, Vikrama A1 - Teixeira Boura, Cristiano José A1 - Herrmann, Ulf T1 - Development of heliostat field calibration methods: Theory and experimental test results T2 - SolarPACES conference proceedings N2 - In this work, three patent pending calibration methods for heliostat fields of central receiver systems (CRS) developed by the Solar-Institut Jülich (SIJ) of the FH Aachen University of Applied Sciences are presented. The calibration methods can either operate in a combined mode or in stand-alone mode. The first calibration method, method A, foresees that a camera matrix is placed into the receiver plane where it is subjected to concentrated solar irradiance during a measurement process. The second calibration method, method B, uses an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) such as a quadrocopter to automatically fly into the reflected solar irradiance cross-section of one or more heliostats (two variants of method B were tested). The third calibration method, method C, foresees a stereo central camera or multiple stereo cameras installed e.g. on the solar tower whereby the orientations of the heliostats are calculated from the location detection of spherical red markers attached to the heliostats. The most accurate method is method A which has a mean accuracy of 0.17 mrad. The mean accuracy of method B variant 1 is 1.36 mrad and of variant 2 is 1.73 mrad. Method C has a mean accuracy of 15.07 mrad. For method B there is great potential regarding improving the measurement accuracy. For method C the collected data was not sufficient for determining whether or not there is potential for improving the accuracy. KW - Heliostat Field Calibration KW - Unmanned aerial vehicle KW - UAV KW - Quadrocopter KW - Camera system Y1 - 2024 U6 - http://dx.doi.org/10.52825/solarpaces.v1i.678 SN - 2751-9899 (online) N1 - 28th International Conference on Concentrating Solar Power and Chemical Energy Systems, 27-30 September, Albuquerque, NM, USA IS - Vol. 1 PB - TIB Open Publishing CY - Hannover ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Sattler, Johannes Christoph A1 - Atti, Vikrama A1 - Alexopoulos, Spiros A1 - Teixeira Boura, Cristiano José A1 - Herrmann, Ulf A1 - Dutta, Siddharth A1 - Kioutsioukis, Ioannis T1 - DNI forecast tool for the smart operation of a parabolic trough collector system with concrete thermal energy storage: Theory, results and outlook T2 - SolarPACES conference proceedings N2 - This work presents a basic forecast tool for predicting direct normal irradiance (DNI) in hourly resolution, which the Solar-Institut Jülich (SIJ) is developing within a research project. The DNI forecast data shall be used for a parabolic trough collector (PTC) system with a concrete thermal energy storage (C-TES) located at the company KEAN Soft Drinks Ltd in Limassol, Cyprus. On a daily basis, 24-hour DNI prediction data in hourly resolution shall be automatically produced using free or very low-cost weather forecast data as input. The purpose of the DNI forecast tool is to automatically transfer the DNI forecast data on a daily basis to a main control unit (MCU). The MCU automatically makes a smart decision on the operation mode of the PTC system such as steam production mode and/or C-TES charging mode. The DNI forecast tool was evaluated using historical data of measured DNI from an on-site weather station, which was compared to the DNI forecast data. The DNI forecast tool was tested using data from 56 days between January and March 2022, which included days with a strong variation in DNI due to cloud passages. For the evaluation of the DNI forecast reliability, three categories were created and the forecast data was sorted accordingly. The result was that the DNI forecast tool has a reliability of 71.4 % based on the tested days. The result fulfils SIJ’s aim to achieve a reliability of around 70 %, but SIJ aims to still improve the DNI forecast quality. KW - Direct normal irradiance forecast KW - DNI forecast KW - Parabolic trough collector KW - PTC KW - Thermal Energy Storage Y1 - 2024 U6 - http://dx.doi.org/10.52825/solarpaces.v1i.731 SN - 2751-9899 (online) N1 - 28th International Conference on Concentrating Solar Power and Chemical Energy Systems, 27-30 September, Albuquerque, NM, USA IS - VOL. 1 PB - TIB Open Publishing CY - Hannover ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Rendon, Carlos A1 - Schwager, Christian A1 - Ghiasi, Mona A1 - Schmitz, Pascal A1 - Bohang, Fakhri A1 - Caminos, Ricardo Alexander Chico A1 - Teixeira Boura, Cristiano José A1 - Herrmann, Ulf T1 - Modeling and upscaling of a pilot bayonettube reactor for indirect solar mixed methane reforming T2 - AIP Conference Proceedings Y1 - 2020 U6 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0029974 IS - 2303 SP - 170012-1 EP - 170012-9 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Rendon, Carlos A1 - Dieckmann, Simon A1 - Weidle, Mathias A1 - Dersch, Jürgen A1 - Teixeira Boura, Cristiano José A1 - Polklas, Thomas A1 - Kuschel, Marcus A1 - Herrmann, Ulf T1 - Retrofitting of existing parabolic trough collector power plants with molten salt tower systems T2 - AIP Conference Proceedings Y1 - 2018 U6 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5067030 VL - 2033 IS - 1 SP - 030014-1 EP - 030014-8 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Reisgen, Uwe A1 - Schleser, Markus A1 - Abdurakhmanov, Aydemir A1 - Turichin, Gleb A1 - Valdaitseva, Elena A1 - Bach, Friedrich-Wilhelm A1 - Hassel, Thomas A1 - Beniyashi, Alexander T1 - Investigation of factors influencing the formation of weld defects in non-vacuum electron beam welding JF - The Paton welding journal N2 - The influence of welding condition parameters and properties of material on formation of defects, such as humping and undercuts, in non-vacuum electron beam welding was investigated. The influence of separate welding parameters on the quality of welds was determined. Y1 - 2012 SN - 0957-798X VL - 2012 IS - 2 SP - 11 EP - 18 PB - Paton Publishing House CY - Kiev ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Rau, Christoph A1 - Alexopoulos, Spiros A1 - Breitbach, Gerd A1 - Hoffschmidt, Bernhard A1 - Latzke, Markus A1 - Sattler, Johannes, Christoph T1 - Transient simulation of a solar-hybrid tower power plant with open volumetric receiver at the location Barstow JF - Energy procedia : proceedings of the SolarPACES 2013 International Conference N2 - In this work the transient simulations of four hybrid solar tower power plant concepts with open-volumetric receiver technology for a location in Barstow-Daggett, USA, are presented. The open-volumetric receiver uses ambient air as heat transfer fluid and the hybridization is realized with a gas turbine. The Rankine cycle is heated by solar-heated air and/or by the gas turbine's flue gases. The plant can be operated in solar-only, hybrid parallel or combined cycle-only mode as well as in any intermediate load levels where the solar portion can vary between 0 to 100%. The simulated plant is based on the configuration of a solar-hybrid power tower project, which is in planning for a site in Northern Algeria. The meteorological data for Barstow-Daggett was taken from the software meteonorm. The solar power tower simulation tool has been developed in the simulation environment MATLAB/Simulink and is validated. Y1 - 2014 U6 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2014.03.157 SN - 1876-6102 VL - 49 SP - 1481 EP - 1490 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Puppe, Michael A1 - Giuliano, Stefano A1 - Frantz, Cathy A1 - Uhlig, Ralf A1 - Schumacher, Ralph A1 - Ibraheem, Wagdi A1 - Schmalz, Stefan A1 - Waldmann, Barbara A1 - Guder, Christoph A1 - Peter, Dennis A1 - Schwager, Christian A1 - Teixeira Boura, Cristiano José A1 - Alexopoulos, Spiros A1 - Spiegel, Michael A1 - Wortmann, Jürgen A1 - Hinrichs, Matthias A1 - Engelhard, Manfred A1 - Aust, Michael T1 - Techno-economic optimization of molten salt solar tower plants JF - AIP Conference Proceedings art.no. 040033 N2 - In this paper the results of a techno-economic analysis of improved and optimized molten salt solar tower plants (MSSTP plants) are presented. The potential improvements that were analyzed include different receiver designs, different designs of the HTF-system and plant control, increased molten salt temperatures (up to 640°C) and multi-tower systems. Detailed technological and economic models of the solar field, solar receiver and high temperature fluid system (HTF-system) were developed and used to find potential improvements compared to a reference plant based on Solar Two technology and up-to-date cost estimations. The annual yield model calculates the annual outputs and the LCOE of all variants. An improved external tubular receiver and improved HTF-system achieves a significant decrease of LCOE compared to the reference. This is caused by lower receiver cost as well as improvements of the HTF-system and plant operation strategy, significantly reducing the plant own consumption. A novel star receiver shows potential for further cost decrease. The cavity receiver concepts result in higher LCOE due to their high investment cost, despite achieving higher efficiencies. Increased molten salt temperatures seem possible with an adapted, closed loop HTF-system and achieve comparable results to the original improved system (with 565°C) under the given boundary conditions. In this analysis all multi tower systems show lower economic viability compared to single tower systems, caused by high additional cost for piping connections and higher cost of the receivers. REFERENCES Y1 - 2019 U6 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5067069 VL - 2033 IS - Issue 1 PB - AIP Publishing CY - Melville, NY ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Pomp, Stefan A1 - Schwarzbözl, Peter A1 - Koll, Gerrit A1 - Hennecke, Klaus A1 - Schmitz, Mark A1 - Hoffschmidt, Bernhard T1 - Advanced concept for a solar thermal power plant with open volumetric air receiver T2 - SolarPACES 2010 : the CSP Conference: electricity, fuels and clean water from concentrated solar energy ; 21 to 24 September 2010, Perpignan, France Y1 - 2010 SP - 97 EP - 98 PB - Soc. OSC CY - Saint Maur ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Peere, Wouter A1 - Blanke, Tobias ED - Vernon, Chris T1 - GHEtool: An open-source tool for borefield sizing in Python JF - Journal of Open Source Software N2 - GHEtool is a Python package that contains all the functionalities needed to deal with borefield design. It is developed for both researchers and practitioners. The core of this package is the automated sizing of borefield under different conditions. The sizing of a borefield is typically slow due to the high complexity of the mathematical background. Because this tool has a lot of precalculated data, GHEtool can size a borefield in the order of tenths of milliseconds. This sizing typically takes the order of minutes. Therefore, this tool is suited for being implemented in typical workflows where iterations are required. GHEtool also comes with a graphical user interface (GUI). This GUI is prebuilt as an exe-file because this provides access to all the functionalities without coding. A setup to install the GUI at the user-defined place is also implemented and available at: https://www.mech.kuleuven.be/en/tme/research/thermal_systems/tools/ghetool. KW - geothermal KW - energy KW - borefields KW - sizing Y1 - 2022 U6 - http://dx.doi.org/10.21105/joss.04406 SN - 2475-9066 VL - 7 IS - 76 SP - 1 EP - 4, 4406 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Niederwestberg, Stefan A1 - Schneider, Falko A1 - Teixeira Boura, Cristiano José A1 - Herrmann, Ulf T1 - Introduction to a direct irradiated transparent tube particle receiver T2 - SOLARPACES 2020 N2 - New materials often lead to innovations and advantages in technical applications. This also applies to the particle receiver proposed in this work that deploys high-temperature and scratch resistant transparent ceramics. With this receiver design, particles are heated through direct-contact concentrated solar irradiance while flowing downwards through tubular transparent ceramics from top to bottom. In this paper, the developed particle receiver as well as advantages and disadvantages are described. Investigations on the particle heat-up characteristics from solar irradiance were carried out with DEM simulations which indicate that particle temperatures can reach up to 1200 K. Additionally, a simulation model was set up for investigating the dynamic behavior. A test receiver at laboratory scale has been designed and is currently being built. In upcoming tests, the receiver test rig will be used to validate the simulation results. The design and the measurement equipment is described in this work. KW - Solar irradiance KW - Ceramics Y1 - 2022 SN - 978-0-7354-4195-8 U6 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0086735 SN - 1551-7616 (online) SN - 0094-243X (print) N1 - 26th International Conference on Concentrating Solar Power and Chemical Energy Systems 28 September–2 October 2020 Freiburg, Germany IS - 2445 / 1 PB - AIP conference proceedings / American Institute of Physics CY - Melville, NY ER -