TY  - JOUR
A1  - Burger, René
A1  - Lindner, Simon
A1  - Rumpf, Jessica
A1  - Do, Xuan Tung
A1  - Diehl, Bernd W.K.
A1  - Rehahn, Matthias
A1  - Monakhova, Yulia
A1  - Schulze, Margit
T1  - Benchtop versus high field NMR: Comparable performance found for the molecular weight determination of lignin
JF  - Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis
N2  - Lignin is a promising renewable biopolymer being investigated worldwide as an environmentally benign substitute of fossil-based aromatic compounds, e.g. for the use as an excipient with antioxidant and antimicrobial properties in drug delivery or even as active compound. For its successful implementation into process streams, a quick, easy, and reliable method is needed for its molecular weight determination. Here we present a method using 1H spectra of benchtop as well as conventional NMR systems in combination with multivariate data analysis, to determine lignin’s molecular weight (Mw and Mn) and polydispersity index (PDI). A set of 36 organosolv lignin samples (from Miscanthus x giganteus, Paulownia tomentosa and Silphium perfoliatum) was used for the calibration and cross validation, and 17 samples were used as external validation set. Validation errors between 5.6% and 12.9% were achieved for all parameters on all NMR devices (43, 60, 500 and 600 MHz). Surprisingly, no significant difference in the performance of the benchtop and high-field devices was found. This facilitates the application of this method for determining lignin’s molecular weight in an industrial environment because of the low maintenance expenditure, small footprint, ruggedness, and low cost of permanent magnet benchtop NMR systems.
KW  - NMR
KW  - PLS-regression
KW  - Molecular weight determination
KW  - Chemometrics
KW  - Biomass
Y1  - 2022
SN  - 0731-7085
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpba.2022.114649
VL  - 212
IS  - Article number: 114649
PB  - Elsevier
CY  - New York, NY
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Iding, Hans
A1  - Dünnwald, Thomas
A1  - Greiner, Lasse
A1  - Liese, Andreas
A1  - Müller, Michael
A1  - Siegert, Petra
A1  - Grötzinger, Joachim
A1  - Demir, Ayhan S.
A1  - Pohl, Martina
T1  - Benzoylformate Decarboxylase from Pseudomonas putida as Stable Catalyst for the Synthesis of Chiral 2-Hydroxy Ketones
JF  - Chemistry - a European journal
Y1  - 2000
SN  - 1521-3765 (E-Journal); 0947-6539 (Print)
VL  - Vol. 6
IS  - Iss. 8
SP  - 1483
EP  - 1495
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Darmo, J.
A1  - Schäffer, F.
A1  - Förster, Arnold
A1  - Kordos, P.
T1  - Beryllium doped low-temperature-grown MBE GaAs: material for photomixing in the THz frequency range
JF  - ASDAM 2000 : conference proceedings / edited by Jozef Osvald ... [et al.]
Y1  - 2000
SN  - 0780359399
N1  - International Conference on Advanced Semiconductor Devices and Microsystems ; (3rd : ; 2000 : ; Smolenice, Slovakia)
SP  - 147
EP  - 150
PB  - IEEE
CY  - Piscataway, NJ
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Mayer, Claudia
T1  - Between Resistance and Affirmation: Christa Wolf and German Unification
JF  - Canadian review of comparative literature : CRCL = Revue canadienne de littérature comparée / Canadian Comparative Literature Association. 22 (1995), H. 3-4
Y1  - 1995
SN  - 0319-051X
SP  - 813
EP  - 835
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Mayer, Claudia
T1  - Between Trans- and Interdisciplinarity. »Germanistik« and the Dialectic of Inclusion and Exclusion of the Other(s)
JF  - Language and literature today : proceedings of the XIXth triennal congress of the International Federation for Modern Languages and Literatures ; Brasília 22 - 30 August 1993. General ed. Neide de Faria.
Y1  - 1993
SN  - 85-230-0405-x
N1  - Band 2
SP  - 958
EP  - 966
PB  - Univ.
CY  - Brasilia
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Ziemons, Karl
A1  - Bruyndonckx, P.
A1  - Perez, J. M.
A1  - Pietrzyk, U.
A1  - Rato, P.
A1  - Tavernier, S.
T1  - Beyond ClearPET: Next Aims
JF  - 5th IEEE International Symposium on Biomedical Imaging: From Nano to Macro Symposium Proceedings ISBI 2008
N2  - The CRYSTAL CLEAR collaboration, in short CCC, is a consortium of 12 academic institutions, mainly from Europe, joining efforts in the area of developing instrumentation for nuclear medicine and medical imaging. In the framework of the CCC a high performance small animal PET system, called ClearPET, was developed by using new technologies in electronics and crystals in a phoswich arrangement combining two types of lutetium- based scintillator materials: LSO:Ce and LuYAP:Ce. Our next aim will be the development of hybrid image systems. Hybrid MR-PET imaging has many unique advantages for brain research. This has sparked a new research line within CCC for the development of novel MR-PET compatible technologies. MRI is not as sensitive as PET but PET has poorer spatial resolution than MRI. Two major advantages of PET are sensitivity and its ability to acquire metabolic information. To assess these innovations, the development of a 9.4T hybrid animal MR-PET scanner is proposed based on an existing 9.4T MR scanner that will be adapted to enable simultaneous acquisition of MR and PET data using cutting- edge technology for both MR and PET.
Y1  - 2008
SN  - 978-1-4244-2003-2
SP  - 1421
EP  - 1424
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Damrau, Karin
T1  - Beyond Solidity - Inventions, Spaces and Concepts for the Elements of Air and Water
JF  - Architectural design : AD. 69 (1999), H. 3-4
Y1  - 1999
SN  - 0003-8504
SP  - 22
EP  - 33
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Blome, Hans-Joachim
A1  - Priester, W.
T1  - Big Bounce in the very early Universe
JF  - Astronomy and Astrophysics. 250 (1991), H. 1
Y1  - 1991
SN  - 0004-6361
SP  - 43
EP  - 49
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Eggert, Mathias
T1  - Big Data Research - How to Structure the Changes of the Past Decade?
T2  - The Art of Structuring
N2  - In the past decade, many IS researchers focused on researching the phenomenon of Big Data. At the same time, the relevance of data protection gets more attention than ever before. In particular, since the enactment of the European General Data Protection Regulation in May 2018 Information Systems research should provide answers for protecting personal data. The article at hand presents a structuring framework for Big Data research outcome and the consideration of data protection. IS Researchers might use the framework in order to structure Big Data literature and to identify research gaps that should be addressed in the future.
Y1  - 2019
SN  - 978-3-030-06234-7
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-06234-7_26
SP  - 271
EP  - 281
PB  - Springer
CY  - Cham
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Bechstedt, U.
A1  - Berg, Georg P. A.
A1  - Hacker, U.
A1  - Hardt, Arno
A1  - Hürlimann, W.
A1  - Maier, R.
A1  - Martin, S.
A1  - Meissburger, J.
A1  - Römer, J. G. M.
A1  - Possen, P. von
A1  - Sagefka, T.
T1  - BIG KARL and COSY
T2  - The art and science of magnet design. A Festschrift in honor of Klaus Halbach. Vol. 1
Y1  - 1995
SP  - 19
EP  - 28
PB  - Lawrence Berkeley Lab., Univ. of California
CY  - Berkeley, CA.
ER  -