TY  - JOUR
A1  - Sattler, Johannes Christoph
A1  - Röger, Marc
A1  - Schwarzbözl, Peter
A1  - Buck, Reiner
A1  - Macke, Ansgar
A1  - Raeder, Christian
A1  - Göttsche, Joachim
T1  - Review of heliostat calibration and tracking control methods
JF  - Solar Energy
N2  - Large scale central receiver systems typically deploy between thousands to more than a hundred thousand heliostats. During solar operation, each heliostat is aligned individually in such a way that the overall surface normal bisects the angle between the sun’s position and the aim point coordinate on the receiver. Due to various tracking error sources, achieving accurate alignment ≤1 mrad for all the heliostats with respect to the aim points on the receiver without a calibration system can be regarded as unrealistic. Therefore, a calibration system is necessary not only to improve the aiming accuracy for achieving desired flux distributions but also to reduce or eliminate spillage. An overview of current larger-scale central receiver systems (CRS), tracking error sources and the basic requirements of an ideal calibration system is presented. Leading up to the main topic, a description of general and specific terms on the topics heliostat calibration and tracking control clarifies the terminology used in this work. Various figures illustrate the signal flows along various typical components as well as the corresponding monitoring or measuring devices that indicate or measure along the signal (or effect) chain. The numerous calibration systems are described in detail and classified in groups. Two tables allow the juxtaposition of the calibration methods for a better comparison. In an assessment, the advantages and disadvantages of individual calibration methods are presented.
Y1  - 2020
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.solener.2020.06.030
VL  - 207
SP  - 110
EP  - 132
PB  - Elsevier
CY  - Amsterdam
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Rendon, Carlos
A1  - Dieckmann, Simon
A1  - Weidle, Mathias
A1  - Dersch, Jürgen
A1  - Teixeira Boura, Cristiano José
A1  - Polklas, Thomas
A1  - Kuschel, Marcus
A1  - Herrmann, Ulf
T1  - Retrofitting of existing parabolic trough collector power plants with molten salt tower systems
T2  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2018
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5067030
VL  - 2033
IS  - 1
SP  - 030014-1
EP  - 030014-8
ER  - 
TY  - BOOK
A1  - Bansal, Narenda K.
A1  - Kleemann, Manfred
A1  - Meliß, Michael
T1  - Renewable energy sources and conversion technology
Y1  - 1990
SN  - 0-07-460023-0
PB  - Tata McGraw-Hill
CY  - New Delhi [u.a.]
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Meliß, Michael
A1  - Neskakis, A.
A1  - Usbeck, S.
A1  - Vogelsang, E.
A1  - Wagner, L.
A1  - Wiediger, Jürgen
T1  - PV-transmitter and receiver
T2  - Harmony with nature : : proceedings / ISES Solar World Congress, Budapest 1993. International Solar Energy Society, Hungarian Section (H-ISES); Hungarian Solar Energy Society (HSES). Vol. 3: Photovoltaics
Y1  - 1992
SP  - 375
EP  - 380
PB  - Hungarian Energy Society
CY  - Budapest
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Kroker, Jan
A1  - Hoffschmidt, Bernhard
A1  - Schwarzer, Klemens
A1  - Späte, Frank
T1  - PTC 1000 modular parabolic trough collector
T2  - Process heat collectors : state of the art within task 33/IV ; IEA SHC-Task 33 and SolarPACES-Task IV: Solar heat for industrial processes : Förderkennzeichen BMBF 0329273A / Solar Heating and Cooling Executive Committee of the International Energy Agency (IEA) ; ed. Werner Weiss
Y1  - 2008
SP  - 45
EP  - 46
PB  - AEE INTEC
CY  - Gleisdorf
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Baumann, Torsten
A1  - Teixeira Boura, Cristiano José
A1  - Eckstein, Julian
A1  - Dabrowski, Jan
A1  - Göttsche, Joachim
A1  - Hoffschmidt, Bernhard
A1  - Schmitz, Stefan
A1  - Zunft, Stefan
T1  - Properties of bulk materials for high-temperature air-sand heat exchangers
T2  - 30th ISES Biennial Solar World Congress 2011 : Kassel, Germany, 28 August - 2 September 2011. Vol. 2
Y1  - 2012
SN  - 978-1-61839-364-7
SP  - 1270
EP  - 1278
PB  - Curran
CY  - Red Hook, NY
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Kluczka, Sven
A1  - Eckstein, Julian
A1  - Alexopoulos, Spiros
A1  - Vaeßen, Christiane
A1  - Roeb, Martin
T1  - Process simulation for solar steam and dry reforming
JF  - Energy procedia : Proceedings of the SolarPACES 2013 International Conference
N2  - In co-operation with the German Aerospace Center, the Solar-Institut Jülich has been analyzing the different technologies that are available for methanol production from CO2 using solar energy. The aim of the project is to extract CO2 from industrial exhaust gases or directly from the atmosphere to recycle it by use of solar energy. Part of the study was the modeling and simulating of a methane reformer for the production of synthesis gas, which can be operated by solar or hybrid heat sources. The reformer has been simplified in such a way that the model is accurate and enables fast calculations. The developed pseudo-homogeneous one- dimensional model can be regarded as a kind of counter-current heat exchanger and is able to incorporate a steam reforming reaction as well as a dry reforming reaction.
Y1  - 2014
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2014.03.092
SN  - 1876-6102 (E-Journal)
VL  - 49
SP  - 850
EP  - 859
PB  - Elsevier
CY  - Amsterdam
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Herrmann, Ulf
A1  - Graeter, F.
A1  - Nava, P.
ED  - Ramos, C.
T1  - Performance of the SKAL-ET Collector Loop at KJC Operating Company
T2  - 12th International Symposium Solar Power and Chemical Energy Systems, October 6-8, 2004, Oaxaca Mexico ; SolarPACES International Symposium, 12
Y1  - 2004
SN  - 968-6114-18-1
PB  - Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas
CY  - [s.l.]
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Warerkar, S.
A1  - Schmitz, S.
A1  - Göttsche, Joachim
A1  - Hoffschmidt, Bernhard
A1  - Tamme, R.
T1  - Performance analysis of an air-sand heat exchanger prototype for high-temperature storage
T2  - EuroSun 2008 : 1st International Conference on Solar Heating, Cooling and Buildings ; 7th - 10th October 2008, Lisbon, Portugal : key lectures / ISES, International Solar Energy Society. Vol. 1
Y1  - 2008
SN  - 978-1-61782-228-5
SP  - 2215
EP  - 2222
PB  - Sociedade Portuguesa De Energia Solar (SPES)
CY  - Lissabon
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Gall, Jan
A1  - Abel, Dirk
A1  - Ahlbrink, Nils
A1  - Andersson, Joel A. E.
A1  - Diehl, Moritz
A1  - Pitz-Paal, Robert
A1  - Schmitz, Mark
A1  - Teixeira Boura, Cristiano José
T1  - Optimized control of hot-gas cycle for solar thermal power plants
T2  - Proceedings of the 7th International Modelica Conference : Como, Italy, 20-22 September 2009 / Francesco Casella, ed.
Y1  - 2009
SN  - 978-91-7393-513-5
SP  - 490
EP  - 495
PB  - The Modelica Association
ER  -