TY - BOOK A1 - Fredebeul-Krein, Markus A1 - Koch, Walter A. S. A1 - Kulessa, Margareta A1 - Sputek, Agnes T1 - Grundlagen der Wirtschaftspolitik Y1 - 2014 SN - 978-3-8252-8556-2 PB - UVK Verl.-Ges. CY - Konstanz [u.a.] ET - 4. Aufl. ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Feichtinger, Linda M. A1 - Eilmann, Britta A1 - Buchmann, Nina A1 - Rigling, Andreas T1 - Growth adjustments of conifers to drought and to century-long irrigation JF - Forest Ecology and Management N2 - Our knowledge on tree responses to drought is mainly based on short-term manipulation experiments which do not capture any possible long-term adjustments in this response. Therefore, historical water channels in inner-Alpine dry valleys were used as century-long irrigation experiments to investigate adjustments in tree growth to contrasting water supply. This involved quantifying the tree-ring growth of irrigated and non-irrigated (control) Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) in Valais (Switzerland), as well as European larch (Larix decidua Mill.) and black pine (Pinus nigra Arnold) in Vinschgau (Italy). Furthermore, the adjustments in radial growth of Scots pine and European larch to an abrupt stop in irrigation were analyzed. Irrigation promoted the radial growth of all tree species investigated compared to the control: (1) directly through increased soil water availability, and (2) indirectly through increased soil nutrients and humus contents in the irrigated plots. Irrigation led to a full elimination of growth responses to climate for European larch and black pine, but not for Scots pine, which might become more sensitive to drought with increasing tree size in Valais. For the control trees, the response of the latewood increment to water availability in July/August has decreased in recent decades for all species, but increased in May for Scots pine only. The sudden irrigation stop caused a drop in radial growth to a lower level for Scots pine or similar level for larch compared to the control for up to ten years. However, both tree species were then able to adjust to the new conditions and subsequently grew with similar (Scots pine) or even higher growth rates (larch) than the control. To estimate the impact of climate change on future forest development, the duration of manipulation experiments should be on longer time scales in order to capture adjustment processes and feedback mechanisms of forest ecosystems. Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2014.08.008 SN - 1872-7042 (Online) SN - 0378-1127 (Print) VL - 2014 IS - 334 SP - 96 EP - 105 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - GEN A1 - Duwe, A. A1 - Sieker, T. A1 - Tippkötter, Nils A1 - Ulber, Roland T1 - Grasssilage als Substrat zur fermentativen Produktion organischer Säuren T2 - Chemie Ingenieur Technik N2 - Der zunehmende Bedarf an fossilen Rohstoffen bei gleichzeitig abnehmender Versorgungssicherheit führt zu einer intensiven Suche nach erneuerbaren Ressourcen. Ein vielversprechendes Ausgangsmaterial mit einer weltweiten Verfügbarkeit stellt Gras dar. In 2012 wurden in Deutschland 33 Millionen Tonnen (Heugewicht) Gras auf 4,82 Millionen Hektar Ackerland produziert, davon wurden 60,5 % siliert. Durch die Silierung kann Gras als Substrat zeitlich uneingeschränkt verfügbar sein, ohne dem Risiko des schnellen Verderbs ausgesetzt zu sein. Eine Schlüsselrolle im Rahmen des Silierprozesses nimmt die Produktion von Milchsäure ein. Milchsäure ist einbedeutendes biotechnologisches Produkt für die Lebensmittel- und die chemische Industrie. Im Rahmen dieser Arbeit wird die vollständige Umwandlung der fermentierbaren Zucker in der Silage zu Milchsäure angestrebt, um die maximale Ausbeute der organischen Säure zu erreichen. Im ersten Verfahrensschritt wird die Silage gepresst und der erhaltene Presskuchen einer Liquid-Hot-Water-Behandlung unterzogen. Durch diese einfache Vorbehandlung können hohe Glucoseausbeuten im nachfolgenden SSF-Schritt bei gleichzeitig geringem Enzymeinsatz und Chemikalienverbrauch realisiert werden. Zur Aufreinigung der Milchsäure wurden extraktive und chromatographische Methoden untersucht. Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/cite.201450345 SN - 0009-286X SN - 1522-2640 (eISSN) N1 - ProcessNet-Jahrestagung 2014 und 31. DECHEMA-Jahrestagung der Biotechnologen, 30. September - 2. Oktober 2014, Eurogress Aachen VL - 86 IS - 9 SP - 1400 PB - Wiley-VCH CY - Weinheim ER - TY - CHAP A1 - McInnes, Colin R. A1 - Bothmer, Volker A1 - Dachwald, Bernd A1 - Geppert, Ulrich R. M. E. A1 - Heiligers, Jeannette A1 - Hilgers, Alan A1 - Johnson, Les A1 - Macdonald, Malcolm A1 - Reinhard, Ruedeger A1 - Seboldt, Wolfgang A1 - Spietz, Peter T1 - Gossamer roadmap technology reference study for a Sub-L1 Space Weather Mission T2 - Advances in solar sailing N2 - A technology reference study for a displaced Lagrange point space weather mission is presented. The mission builds on previous concepts, but adopts a strong micro-spacecraft philosophy to deliver a low mass platform and payload which can be accommodated on the DLR/ESA Gossamer-3 technology demonstration mission. A direct escape from Geostationary Transfer Orbit is assumed with the sail deployed after the escape burn. The use of a miniaturized, low mass platform and payload then allows the Gossamer-3 solar sail to potentially double the warning time of space weather events. The mission profile and mass budgets will be presented to achieve these ambitious goals. Y1 - 2014 SN - 978-3-642-34906-5 (Print) ; 978-3-642-34907-2 (E-Book) SP - 227 EP - 242 PB - Springer CY - Berlin [u.a.] ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Macdonald, Malcolm A1 - McGrath, C. A1 - Appourchaux, T. A1 - Dachwald, Bernd A1 - Finsterle, W. A1 - Gizon, L. A1 - Liewer, P. C. A1 - McInnes, Colin R. A1 - Mengali, G. A1 - Seboldt, W. A1 - Sekii, T. A1 - Solanki, S. K. A1 - Velli, M. A1 - Wimmer-Schweingruber, R. F. A1 - Spietz, Peter A1 - Reinhard, Ruedeger ED - Macdonald, Malcolm T1 - Gossamer roadmap technology reference study for a solar polar mission T2 - Advances in solar sailing N2 - A technology reference study for a solar polar mission is presented. The study uses novel analytical methods to quantify the mission design space including the required sail performance to achieve a given solar polar observation angle within a given timeframe and thus to derive mass allocations for the remaining spacecraft sub-systems, that is excluding the solar sail sub-system. A parametric, bottom-up, system mass budget analysis is then used to establish the required sail technology to deliver a range of science payloads, and to establish where such payloads can be delivered to within a given timeframe. It is found that a solar polar mission requires a solar sail of side-length 100–125 m to deliver a ‘sufficient value’ minimum science payload, and that a 2.5 μm sail film substrate is typically required, however the design is much less sensitive to the boom specific mass. Y1 - 2014 SN - 978-3-642-34906-5 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-34907-2_17 SP - 243 EP - 257 PB - Springer CY - Berlin, Heidelberg ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Dachwald, Bernd A1 - Boehnhardt, Herrmann A1 - Broj, Ulrich A1 - Geppert, Ulrich R. M. E. A1 - Grundmann, Jan-Thimo A1 - Seboldt, Wolfgang A1 - Seefeldt, Patric A1 - Spietz, Peter A1 - Johnson, Les A1 - Kührt, Ekkehard A1 - Mottola, Stefano A1 - Macdonald, Malcolm A1 - McInnes, Colin R. A1 - Vasile, Massimiliano A1 - Reinhard, Ruedeger T1 - Gossamer roadmap technology reference study for a multiple NEO Rendezvous Mission T2 - Advances in solar sailing N2 - A technology reference study for a multiple near-Earth object (NEO) rendezvous mission with solar sailcraft is currently carried out by the authors of this paper. The investigated mission builds on previous concepts, but adopts a strong micro-spacecraft philosophy based on the DLR/ESA Gossamer technology. The main scientific objective of the mission is to explore the diversity of NEOs. After direct interplanetary insertion, the solar sailcraft should—within less than 10 years—rendezvous three NEOs that are not only scientifically interesting, but also from the point of human spaceight and planetary defense. In this paper, the objectives of the study are outlined and a preliminary potential mission profile is presented. Y1 - 2014 SN - 978-3-642-34906-5 (Print) ; 978-3-642-34907-2 (E-Book) SP - 211 EP - 226 PB - Springer CY - Berlin [u.a.] ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Rosin, Julia A1 - Henneböhl, Benedickt A1 - Butenweg, Christoph T1 - Global buckling analysis of cylindrical liquid storage tanks under earthquake loading T2 - 2nd European Conference on Earthquake Engineering and Seismology 2014 (2nd ECEES) : joint event of the 15th European Conference on Earthquake Engineering and the 34th General Assembly of the European Seismological Commission : Istanbul, Turkey, 25-29 August 2014 / European Association for Earthquake Engineering (EAEE) ; Vol. 6 Y1 - 2014 SN - 978-1-5108-1021-1 SP - 5270 EP - 5281 PB - Curran Associates, Inc. CY - Red Hook, NY ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Olbertz, Klaus T1 - Gestaltung des Anstellungsvertrags - Der Compliance-Beauftragte JF - Arbeit und Arbeitsrecht : AuA N2 - Ein Compliance-Beauftragter soll dafür Sorge tragen, dass aus dem Unternehmen heraus keine Rechtsverletzungen begangen werden. Aber welche rechtlichen Notwendigkeiten und Möglichkeiten resultieren daraus für die Gestaltung des Anstellungsvertrags? Y1 - 2014 SN - 0323-4568 IS - 7 SP - 400 EP - 403 PB - Huss Medien CY - Berlin ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Borchert, Jörg A1 - Bremen, Frank T1 - Geschäfts- und Organisationsmodelle für ein Strom- und Gas-Portfoliomanagement T2 - Optimierte Strom- und Gasbeschaffung in der Energiewirtschaftsbranche Y1 - 2014 SN - 978-3-9813142-9-8 SP - 11 EP - 28 PB - KS-Energy-Verl. CY - Berlin ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Kirsch, Ansgar A1 - Felber, W. A1 - Marcher, Thomas A1 - Fuchs, W. T1 - Geotechnical challenges during design and construction of a ski resort in Azerbaijan T2 - Geotechnics of roads and railways : proceedings of the 15th Danube - European Conference on Geotechnical Engineering : 9-11 September 2014, Vienna, Austria Y1 - 2014 SN - 978‐3‐902593‐01‐6 SP - 757 EP - 762 PB - ÖIAV - Österreichischer Ingenieur- und Architekten-Verein CY - Wien ER -