TY - JOUR A1 - Wiegner, Jonas A1 - Volker, Hanno A1 - Mainz, Fabian A1 - Backes, Andreas A1 - Loeken, Michael A1 - Hüning, Felix T1 - Energy analysis of a wireless sensor node powered by a Wiegand sensor JF - Journal of Sensors and Sensor Systems (JSSS) N2 - This article describes an Internet of things (IoT) sensing device with a wireless interface which is powered by the energy-harvesting method of the Wiegand effect. The Wiegand effect, in contrast to continuous sources like photovoltaic or thermal harvesters, provides small amounts of energy discontinuously in pulsed mode. To enable an energy-self-sufficient operation of the sensing device with this pulsed energy source, the output energy of the Wiegand generator is maximized. This energy is used to power up the system and to acquire and process data like position, temperature or other resistively measurable quantities as well as transmit these data via an ultra-low-power ultra-wideband (UWB) data transmitter. A proof-of-concept system was built to prove the feasibility of the approach. The energy consumption of the system during start-up was analysed, traced back in detail to the individual components, compared to the generated energy and processed to identify further optimization options. Based on the proof of concept, an application prototype was developed. Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5194/jsss-12-85-2023 SN - 2194-878X N1 - Corresponding author: Felix Hüning VL - 12 IS - 1 SP - 85 EP - 92 PB - Copernicus Publ. CY - Göttingen ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Maurer, Florian A1 - Rieke, Christian A1 - Schemm, Ralf A1 - Stollenwerk, Dominik T1 - Analysis of an urban grid with high photovoltaic and e-mobility penetration JF - Energies N2 - This study analyses the expected utilization of an urban distribution grid under high penetration of photovoltaic and e-mobility with charging infrastructure on a residential level. The grid utilization and the corresponding power flow are evaluated, while varying the control strategies and photovoltaic installed capacity in different scenarios. Four scenarios are used to analyze the impact of e-mobility. The individual mobility demand is modelled based on the largest German studies on mobility “Mobilität in Deutschland”, which is carried out every 5 years. To estimate the ramp-up of photovoltaic generation, a potential analysis of the roof surfaces in the supply area is carried out via an evaluation of an open solar potential study. The photovoltaic feed-in time series is derived individually for each installed system in a resolution of 15 min. The residential consumption is estimated using historical smart meter data, which are collected in London between 2012 and 2014. For a realistic charging demand, each residential household decides daily on the state of charge if their vehicle requires to be charged. The resulting charging time series depends on the underlying behavior scenario. Market prices and mobility demand are therefore used as scenario input parameters for a utility function based on the current state of charge to model individual behavior. The aggregated electricity demand is the starting point of the power flow calculation. The evaluation is carried out for an urban region with approximately 3100 residents. The analysis shows that increased penetration of photovoltaics combined with a flexible and adaptive charging strategy can maximize PV usage and reduce the need for congestion-related intervention by the grid operator by reducing the amount of kWh charged from the grid by 30% which reduces the average price of a charged kWh by 35% to 14 ct/kWh from 21.8 ct/kWh without PV optimization. The resulting grid congestions are managed by implementing an intelligent price or control signal. The analysis took place using data from a real German grid with 10 subgrids. The entire software can be adapted for the analysis of different distribution grids and is publicly available as an open-source software library on GitHub. KW - distribution grid simulation KW - smart-charging KW - e-mobility Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/en16083380 SN - 1996-1073 N1 - This article belongs to the Special Issue "Advanced Solutions for the Efficient Integration of Electric Vehicles in Electricity Grids" N1 - Corresponding author: Florian Maurer VL - 16 IS - 8 PB - MDPI CY - Basel ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Mikucki, Jill Ann A1 - Schuler, C. G. A1 - Digel, Ilya A1 - Kowalski, Julia A1 - Tuttle, M. J. A1 - Chua, Michelle A1 - Davis, R. A1 - Purcell, Alicia A1 - Ghosh, D. A1 - Francke, G. A1 - Feldmann, M. A1 - Espe, C. A1 - Heinen, Dirk A1 - Dachwald, Bernd A1 - Clemens, Joachim A1 - Lyons, W. B. A1 - Tulaczyk, S. T1 - Field-Based planetary protection operations for melt probes: validation of clean access into the blood falls, antarctica, englacial ecosystem JF - Astrobiology N2 - Subglacial environments on Earth offer important analogs to Ocean World targets in our solar system. These unique microbial ecosystems remain understudied due to the challenges of access through thick glacial ice (tens to hundreds of meters). Additionally, sub-ice collections must be conducted in a clean manner to ensure sample integrity for downstream microbiological and geochemical analyses. We describe the field-based cleaning of a melt probe that was used to collect brine samples from within a glacier conduit at Blood Falls, Antarctica, for geomicrobiological studies. We used a thermoelectric melting probe called the IceMole that was designed to be minimally invasive in that the logistical requirements in support of drilling operations were small and the probe could be cleaned, even in a remote field setting, so as to minimize potential contamination. In our study, the exterior bioburden on the IceMole was reduced to levels measured in most clean rooms, and below that of the ice surrounding our sampling target. Potential microbial contaminants were identified during the cleaning process; however, very few were detected in the final englacial sample collected with the IceMole and were present in extremely low abundances (∼0.063% of 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequences). This cleaning protocol can help minimize contamination when working in remote field locations, support microbiological sampling of terrestrial subglacial environments using melting probes, and help inform planetary protection challenges for Ocean World analog mission concepts. Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1089/ast.2021.0102 SN - 1557-8070 (online) SN - 153-1074 (print) VL - 23 IS - 11 SP - 1165 EP - 1178 PB - Liebert CY - New York, NY ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Grajewski, Matthias A1 - Kleefeld, Andreas T1 - Detecting and approximating decision boundaries in low-dimensional spaces JF - Numerical Algorithms N2 - A method for detecting and approximating fault lines or surfaces, respectively, or decision curves in two and three dimensions with guaranteed accuracy is presented. Reformulated as a classification problem, our method starts from a set of scattered points along with the corresponding classification algorithm to construct a representation of a decision curve by points with prescribed maximal distance to the true decision curve. Hereby, our algorithm ensures that the representing point set covers the decision curve in its entire extent and features local refinement based on the geometric properties of the decision curve. We demonstrate applications of our method to problems related to the detection of faults, to multi-criteria decision aid and, in combination with Kirsch’s factorization method, to solving an inverse acoustic scattering problem. In all applications we considered in this work, our method requires significantly less pointwise classifications than previously employed algorithms. KW - MCDA KW - Inverse scattering problem KW - Fault approximation KW - Fault detection Y1 - 2023 SN - 1572-9265 N1 - Corresponding author: Matthias Grajewski VL - 93 IS - 4 PB - Springer Science+Business Media CY - Dordrecht ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Böhnert, Arno A1 - Blaschke, Florian A1 - Biewendt, Marcel T1 - Impact of sustainability on the strategic direction of luxury companies JF - European Journal of Marketing and Economics N2 - Today’s society is undergoing a paradigm shift driven by the megatrend of sustainability. This undeniably affects all areas of Western life. This paper aims to find out how the luxury industry is dealing with this change and what adjustments are made by the companies. For this purpose, interviews were conducted with managers from the luxury industry, in which they were asked about specific measures taken by their companies as well as trends in the industry. In a subsequent evaluation, the trends in the luxury industry were summarized for the areas of ecological, social, and economic sustainability. It was found that the area of environmental sustainability is significantly more focused than the other sub-areas. Furthermore, the need for a customer survey to validate the industry-based measures was identified. KW - Operations KW - Brands KW - Luxury KW - Change Y1 - 2022 SN - 2601-8659 VL - 6 IS - 1 SP - 70 EP - 85 PB - Revistia CY - London ER -