TY - JOUR A1 - Dielmann, Klaus-Peter A1 - Mehlkopf, Marcus A1 - Cudina, Boris T1 - Der Handel mit Emissionsrechten : Vorbereitung auf den europaweiten Start 2005 JF - VGB PowerTech : international journal for electricity and heat generation Y1 - 2005 SN - 1435-3199 VL - 85 IS - 1/2 SP - 66 EP - 69 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Rupp, Matthias A1 - Handschuh, Nils A1 - Rieke, Christian A1 - Kuperjans, Isabel T1 - Contribution of country-specific electricity mix and charging time to environmental impact of battery electric vehicles: A case study of electric buses in Germany JF - Applied Energy Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2019.01.059 SN - 0306-2619 VL - 237 SP - 618 EP - 634 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Paulsen, Svea A1 - Hoffstadt, Kevin A1 - Krafft, Simone A1 - Leite, A. A1 - Zang, J. A1 - Fonseca-Zang, W. A1 - Kuperjans, Isabel T1 - Continuous biogas production from sugarcane as sole substrate T2 - Energy Reports N2 - A German–Brazilian research project investigates sugarcane as an energy plant in anaerobic digestion for biogas production. The aim of the project is a continuous, efficient, and stable biogas process with sugarcane as the substrate. Tests are carried out in a fermenter with a volume of 10 l. In order to optimize the space–time load to achieve a stable process, a continuous process in laboratory scale has been devised. The daily feed in quantity and the harvest time of the substrate sugarcane has been varied. Analyses of the digester content were conducted twice per week to monitor the process: The ratio of inorganic carbon content to volatile organic acid content (VFA/TAC), the concentration of short-chain fatty acids, the organic dry matter, the pH value, and the total nitrogen, phosphate, and ammonium concentrations were monitored. In addition, the gas quality (the percentages of CO₂, CH₄, and H₂) and the quantity of the produced gas were analyzed. The investigations have exhibited feasible and economical production of biogas in a continuous process with energy cane as substrate. With a daily feeding rate of 1.68gᵥₛ/l*d the average specific gas formation rate was 0.5 m3/kgᵥₛ. The long-term study demonstrates a surprisingly fast metabolism of short-chain fatty acids. This indicates a stable and less susceptible process compared to other substrates. Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egyr.2019.08.035 N1 - 6th International Conference on Energy and Environment Research, ICEER 2019, 22–25 July, University of Aveiro, Portugal VL - 6 IS - Supplement 1 SP - 153 EP - 158 PB - Elsevier ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Cheenakula, Dheeraja A1 - Griebel, Kai A1 - Montag, David A1 - Grömping, Markus ED - Huang, Xiaowu T1 - Concept development of a mainstream deammonification and comparison with conventional process in terms of energy, performance and economical construction perspectives JF - Frontiers in Microbiology N2 - Deammonification for nitrogen removal in municipal wastewater in temperate and cold climate zones is currently limited to the side stream of municipal wastewater treatment plants (MWWTP). This study developed a conceptual model of a mainstream deammonification plant, designed for 30,000 P.E., considering possible solutions corresponding to the challenging mainstream conditions in Germany. In addition, the energy-saving potential, nitrogen elimination performance and construction-related costs of mainstream deammonification were compared to a conventional plant model, having a single-stage activated sludge process with upstream denitrification. The results revealed that an additional treatment step by combining chemical precipitation and ultra-fine screening is advantageous prior the mainstream deammonification. Hereby chemical oxygen demand (COD) can be reduced by 80% so that the COD:N ratio can be reduced from 12 to 2.5. Laboratory experiments testing mainstream conditions of temperature (8–20°C), pH (6–9) and COD:N ratio (1–6) showed an achievable volumetric nitrogen removal rate (VNRR) of at least 50 gN/(m3∙d) for various deammonifying sludges from side stream deammonification systems in the state of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany, where m3 denotes reactor volume. Assuming a retained Norganic content of 0.0035 kgNorg./(P.E.∙d) from the daily loads of N at carbon removal stage and a VNRR of 50 gN/(m3∙d) under mainstream conditions, a resident-specific reactor volume of 0.115 m3/(P.E.) is required for mainstream deammonification. This is in the same order of magnitude as the conventional activated sludge process, i.e., 0.173 m3/(P.E.) for an MWWTP of size class of 4. The conventional plant model yielded a total specific electricity demand of 35 kWh/(P.E.∙a) for the operation of the whole MWWTP and an energy recovery potential of 15.8 kWh/(P.E.∙a) through anaerobic digestion. In contrast, the developed mainstream deammonification model plant would require only a 21.5 kWh/(P.E.∙a) energy demand and result in 24 kWh/(P.E.∙a) energy recovery potential, enabling the mainstream deammonification model plant to be self-sufficient. The retrofitting costs for the implementation of mainstream deammonification in existing conventional MWWTPs are nearly negligible as the existing units like activated sludge reactors, aerators and monitoring technology are reusable. However, the mainstream deammonification must meet the performance requirement of VNRR of about 50 gN/(m3∙d) in this case. KW - anammox KW - energy efficiency KW - mainstream deammonification KW - nitrogen elimination KW - wastewater Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2023.1155235 SN - 1664-302X VL - 14 IS - 11155235 SP - 1 EP - 15 PB - Frontiers ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Rupp, Matthias A1 - Schulze, Sven A1 - Kuperjans, Isabel T1 - Comparative life cycle analysis of conventional and hybrid heavy-duty trucks JF - World electric vehicle journal N2 - Heavy-duty trucks are one of the main contributors to greenhouse gas emissions in German traffic. Drivetrain electrification is an option to reduce tailpipe emissions by increasing energy conversion efficiency. To evaluate the vehicle’s environmental impacts, it is necessary to consider the entire life cycle. In addition to the daily use, it is also necessary to include the impact of production and disposal. This study presents the comparative life cycle analysis of a parallel hybrid and a conventional heavy-duty truck in long-haul operation. Assuming a uniform vehicle glider, only the differing parts of both drivetrains are taken into account to calculate the environmental burdens of the production. The use phase is modeled by a backward simulation in MATLAB/Simulink considering a characteristic driving cycle. A break-even analysis is conducted to show at what mileage the larger CO2eq emissions due to the production of the electric drivetrain are compensated. The effect of parameter variation on the break-even mileage is investigated by a sensitivity analysis. The results of this analysis show the difference in CO2eq/t km is negative, indicating that the hybrid vehicle releases 4.34 g CO2eq/t km over a lifetime fewer emissions compared to the diesel truck. The break-even analysis also emphasizes the advantages of the electrified drivetrain, compensating the larger emissions generated during production after already a distance of 15,800 km (approx. 1.5 months of operation time). The intersection coordinates, distance, and CO2eq, strongly depend on fuel, emissions for battery production and the driving profile, which lead to nearly all parameter variations showing an increase in break-even distance. Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/wevj9020033 SN - 2032-6653 VL - 9 IS - 2 SP - Article No. 33 PB - MDPI CY - Basel ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Kaspar, K. A1 - Groebel, Simone A1 - Kuperjans, Isabel A1 - Dielmann, Klaus-Peter A1 - Selmer, Thorsten T1 - Charakterisierung der Biozönose von Biogasfermentern in Abhängigkeit verschiedener Substrate T2 - Biogas 2013 : 6. Innovationskongress, 23. - 24.05.2013, Osnabrück, Tagungsband Y1 - 2013 SN - 978-3-9813776-3-7 SP - 69 EP - 74 PB - Profair Consult+Project CY - Hildesheim ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wardoyo, Arinto Y.P. A1 - Noor, Johan A.E. A1 - Elbers, Gereon A1 - Schmitz, Sandra A1 - Flaig, Sascha T. A1 - Budianto, Arif T1 - Characterizing volcanic ash elements from the 2015 eruptions of bromo and raung volcanoes, Indonesia JF - Polish Journal of Environmental Studies N2 - The volcanic eruptions of Mt. Bromo and Mt. Raung in East Java, Indonesia, in 2015 perturbed volcanic materials and affected surface-layer air quality at surrounding locations. During the episodes, the volcanic ash from the eruptions influenced visibility, traffic accidents, flight schedules, and human health. In this research, the volcanic ash particles were collected and characterized by relying on the detail of physical observation. We performed an assessment of the volcanic ash elements to characterize the volcanic ash using two different methods which are aqua regia extracts followed by MP-AES and XRF laboratory test of bulk samples. The analysis results showed that the volcanic ash was mixed of many materials, such as Al, Si, P, K, Ca, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Ni, and others. Fe, Si, Ca, and Al were found as the major elements, while the others were the trace elements Ba, Cr, Cu, Mn, P, Mn, Ni, Zn, Sb, Sr, and V with the minor concentrations. XRF analyses showed that Fe dominated the elements of the volcanic ash. The XRF analysis showed that Fe was at 35.40% in Bromo and 43.00% in Raung of the detected elements in bulk material. The results of aqua regia extracts analyzed by MP-AES were 1.80% and 1.70% of Fe element for Bromo and Raung volcanoes, respectively. Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.15244/pjoes/99101 SN - 2083-5906 VL - 29 IS - 2 SP - 1899 EP - 1907 PB - HARD CY - Olsztyn ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hoffstadt, Kevin A1 - Pohen, Gino D. A1 - Dicke, Max D. A1 - Paulsen, Svea A1 - Krafft, Simone A1 - Zang, Joachim W. A1 - Fonseca-Zang, Warde A. da A1 - Leite, Athaydes A1 - Kuperjans, Isabel T1 - Challenges and prospects of biogas from energy cane as supplement to bioethanol production JF - Agronomy N2 - Innovative breeds of sugar cane yield up to 2.5 times as much organic matter as conventional breeds, resulting in a great potential for biogas production. The use of biogas production as a complementary solution to conventional and second-generation ethanol production in Brazil may increase the energy produced per hectare in the sugarcane sector. Herein, it was demonstrated that through ensiling, energy cane can be conserved for six months; the stored cane can then be fed into a continuous biogas process. This approach is necessary to achieve year-round biogas production at an industrial scale. Batch tests revealed specific biogas potentials between 400 and 600 LN/kgVS for both the ensiled and non-ensiled energy cane, and the specific biogas potential of a continuous biogas process fed with ensiled energy cane was in the same range. Peak biogas losses through ensiling of up to 27% after six months were observed. Finally, compared with second-generation ethanol production using energy cane, the results indicated that biogas production from energy cane may lead to higher energy yields per hectare, with an average energy yield of up to 162 MWh/ha. Finally, the Farm²CBG concept is introduced, showing an approach for decentralized biogas production. Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy10060821 SN - 2073-4395 VL - 10 IS - 6 PB - MDPI CY - Basel ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Kasper, Katharina A1 - Schiffels, Johannes A1 - Krafft, Simone A1 - Kuperjans, Isabel A1 - Elbers, Gereon A1 - Selmer, Thorsten T1 - Biogas Production on Demand Regulated by Butyric Acid Addition T2 - IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science. Bd. 32 Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/32/1/012009 SN - 1755-1315 N1 - ICARET 2016, International Conference on Advances in Renewable Energy and Technologies, Putrajaya, MY, Feb 23-25, 2016 VL - 32 SP - 012009/1 EP - 012009/4 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Stollenwerk, Dominik A1 - Rieke, C. A1 - Dahmen, Markus A1 - Pieper, Martin T1 - Biogas Production Modelling : A Control System Engineering Approach T2 - IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science. Bd. 32 Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/32/1/012008 SN - 1755-1315 N1 - ICARET 2016, International Conference on Advances in Renewable Energy and Technologies, Putrajaya, MY, Feb 23-25, 2016 SP - 012008/1 EP - 012008/4 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Borchert, Jörg A1 - Tenbrake, Andre T1 - Bewirtschaftung von Flexibilität über Microservices eines Plattformanbieters T2 - Realisierung Utility 4.0 Band 1 N2 - Die Energiewirtschaft befindet sich in einem starken Wandel, der v. a. durch die Energiewende und Digitalisierung Druck auf sämtliche Marktteilnehmer ausübt. Das klassische Geschäftsmodell des Energieversorgungsunternehmens verändert sich dabei grundlegend. Der kontinuierlich ansteigende Einsatz dezentraler und volatiler Erzeugungsanlagen macht die Identifikation von Flexibilitätspotenzialen notwendig, um weiterhin eine hohe Versorgungssicherheit zu gewährleisten. Dieser Schritt ist nur mit einem hohen Digitalisierungsgrad möglich. Eine funktionale Plattform mit Microservices, die zu Geschäftsprozessen verbunden werden können, wird als Möglichkeit zur Aktivierung der Flexibilität und Digitalisierung der Energieversorgungsunternehmen im Folgenden vorgestellt. Y1 - 2020 SN - 978-3-658-25332-5 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-25332-5_37 SP - 615 EP - 626 PB - Springer Vieweg CY - Wiesbaden ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Werner, Frederik A1 - Groebel, Simone A1 - Schuhmacher, K. A1 - Spelthahn, Heiko A1 - Wagner, Torsten A1 - Selmer, Thorsten A1 - Baumann, Marcus A1 - Schöning, Michael Josef T1 - Bestimmung der metabolischen Aktivität von Mikroorganismen während des Biogasbildungsprozesses JF - 9. Dresdner Sensor-Symposium : Dresden, 07.-09. Dezember 2009 / Gerlach, Gerald ; Hauptmann, Peter [Hrsg.] Y1 - 2009 SN - 978-3-941298-44-6 N1 - Dresdner Sensor-Symposium ; (9, 2009, Dresden) SP - 201 EP - 204 PB - TUDpress CY - Dresden ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Kruska, Martin A1 - Kuperjans, Isabel T1 - Análisis Thermodinámicos : [Capítulo 3.3] T2 - Uso racional de energía : eficiencia energética y energías renovables. - (Manual para consultores y expertos) Y1 - 1999 SP - 3.3-1 EP - 3.3-15 PB - Ministerio de Energía y Minas CY - Lima ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Block, Simon A1 - Viebahn, Peter A1 - Jungbluth, Christian T1 - Analysing direct air capture for enabling negative emissions in Germany: an assessment of the resource requirements and costs of a potential rollout in 2045 JF - Frontiers in Climate N2 - Direct air capture (DAC) combined with subsequent storage (DACCS) is discussed as one promising carbon dioxide removal option. The aim of this paper is to analyse and comparatively classify the resource consumption (land use, renewable energy and water) and costs of possible DAC implementation pathways for Germany. The paths are based on a selected, existing climate neutrality scenario that requires the removal of 20 Mt of carbon dioxide (CO2) per year by DACCS from 2045. The analysis focuses on the so-called “low-temperature” DAC process, which might be more advantageous for Germany than the “high-temperature” one. In four case studies, we examine potential sites in northern, central and southern Germany, thereby using the most suitable renewable energies for electricity and heat generation. We show that the deployment of DAC results in large-scale land use and high energy needs. The land use in the range of 167–353 km2 results mainly from the area required for renewable energy generation. The total electrical energy demand of 14.4 TWh per year, of which 46% is needed to operate heat pumps to supply the heat demand of the DAC process, corresponds to around 1.4% of Germany's envisaged electricity demand in 2045. 20 Mt of water are provided yearly, corresponding to 40% of the city of Cologne‘s water demand (1.1 million inhabitants). The capture of CO2 (DAC) incurs levelised costs of 125–138 EUR per tonne of CO2, whereby the provision of the required energy via photovoltaics in southern Germany represents the lowest value of the four case studies. This does not include the costs associated with balancing its volatility. Taking into account transporting the CO2 via pipeline to the port of Wilhelmshaven, followed by transporting and sequestering the CO2 in geological storage sites in the Norwegian North Sea (DACCS), the levelised costs increase to 161–176 EUR/tCO2. Due to the longer transport distances from southern and central Germany, a northern German site using wind turbines would be the most favourable. KW - rollout KW - economics KW - Germany KW - negative emissions KW - carbon dioxide removal KW - climate neutrality KW - DAC KW - direct air capture Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fclim.2024.1353939 SN - 2624-9553 VL - 6 PB - Frontiers CY - Lausanne ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kuperjans, Isabel A1 - Starke, M. A1 - Esser, J. A1 - [u.a.], T1 - Analyse und Konzeption von Energieanlagen unter ökologischen, wirtschaftlichen und technischen Gesichtspunkten JF - WLB : Umwelttechnik für Industrie und Kommune Y1 - 2000 SN - 0341-2679 VL - 44 IS - 11/12 SP - 26 EP - 29 ER -