TY - CHAP A1 - Nowack, N. A1 - Röth, Thilo A1 - Bührig-Polaczek, Andreas A1 - Klaus, G. ED - Hirsch, Jürgen T1 - Advanced Sheet Metal Components Reinforced by Light Metal Cast Structures T2 - Aluminium alloys : their physical and mechanical properties ; [proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Aluminium Alloys, 22 - 26 Sept. 2008, Aachen, Germany ; ICAA 11] Y1 - 2008 SN - 978-3-527-32367-8 IS - 2 SP - 2374 EP - 2381 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Maurer, Florian A1 - Nitsch, Felix A1 - Kochems, Johannes A1 - Schimeczek, Christoph A1 - Sander, Volker A1 - Lehnhoff, Sebastian T1 - Know your tools - a comparison of two open agent-based energy market models T2 - 2024 20th International Conference on the European Energy Market (EEM) N2 - Due to the transition to renewable energies, electricity markets need to be made fit for purpose. To enable the comparison of different energy market designs, modeling tools covering market actors and their heterogeneous behavior are needed. Agent-based models are ideally suited for this task. Such models can be used to simulate and analyze changes to market design or market mechanisms and their impact on market dynamics. In this paper, we conduct an evaluation and comparison of two actively developed open-source energy market simulation models. The two models, namely AMIRIS and ASSUME, are both designed to simulate future energy markets using an agent-based approach. The assessment encompasses modelling features and techniques, model performance, as well as a comparison of model results, which can serve as a blueprint for future comparative studies of simulation models. The main comparison dataset includes data of Germany in 2019 and simulates the Day-Ahead market and participating actors as individual agents. Both models are comparable close to the benchmark dataset with a MAE between 5.6 and 6.4 €/MWh while also modeling the actual dispatch realistically. KW - Comparative simulation KW - Measurement KW - Analytical models KW - Renewable energy sources KW - Simulation KW - Instruments KW - Refining KW - Focusing KW - Agent-based modeling KW - Energy market KW - Open source KW - Energy dispatch Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/EEM60825.2024.10609021 N1 - 2024 20th International Conference on the European Energy Market (EEM), 10-12 June 2024, Istanbul, Turkiye PB - IEEE CY - New York, NY ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Maurer, Florian A1 - Sejdija, Jonathan A1 - Sander, Volker T1 - Decentralized energy data storages through an Open Energy Database Server N2 - In the research domain of energy informatics, the importance of open datais rising rapidly. This can be seen as various new public datasets are created andpublished. Unfortunately, in many cases, the data is not available under a permissivelicense corresponding to the FAIR principles, often lacking accessibility or reusability.Furthermore, the source format often differs from the desired data format or does notmeet the demands to be queried in an efficient way. To solve this on a small scale atoolbox for ETL-processes is provided to create a local energy data server with openaccess data from different valuable sources in a structured format. So while the sourcesitself do not fully comply with the FAIR principles, the provided unique toolbox allows foran efficient processing of the data as if the FAIR principles would be met. The energydata server currently includes information of power systems, weather data, networkfrequency data, European energy and gas data for demand and generation and more.However, a solution to the core problem - missing alignment to the FAIR principles - isstill needed for the National Research Data Infrastructure. KW - Open Data KW - Database KW - Time-series Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10607895 N1 - 1st NFDI4Energy Conference (NFDI4Energy) , Hanover, Germany, 20-21 February 2024 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Biewendt, Marcel A1 - Blaschke, Florian A1 - Böhnert, Arno ED - Koponicsne Györke, Diana T1 - The rebound effect: a critical and systematic review on the current state of affairs T2 - Abstracts of the International Conference on Sustainable Economy and Agriculture Y1 - 2019 SN - 978-615-5599-72-9 N1 - International Conference on Sustainable Economy and Agriculture. Kaposvár University – Kaposvár – Hungary – 14th November 2019 SP - 101 EP - 101 PB - Universität Kaposvár CY - Kaposvár ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Biewendt, Marcel T1 - Sustainable development: A quantitative analysis regarding the impact of resource rents on state welfare from 2002 to 2017 JF - SocioEconomic Challenges N2 - This paper uses a quantitative analysis to examine the interdependence and impact of resource rents on socio-economic development from 2002 to 2017. Nigeria and Norway have been chosen as reference countries due to their abundance of natural resources by similar economic performance, while the ranking in the Human Development Index differs dramatically. As the Human Development Index provides insight into a country’s cultural and socio-economic characteristics and development in addition to economic indicators, it allows a comparison of the two countries. The hypothesis presented and discussed in this paper was researched before. A qualitative research approach was used in the author’s master’s thesis “The Human Development Index (HDI) as a Reflection of Resource Abundance (using Nigeria and Norway as a case study)” in 2018. The management of scarce resources is an important aspect in the development of modern countries and those on the threshold of becoming industrialised nations. The effects of a mistaken resource management are not only of a purely economic nature but also of a social and socio-economic nature. In order to present a partial aspect of these dependencies and influences this paper uses a quantitative analysis to examine the interdependence and impact of resource rents on socio-economic development from 2002 to 2017. Nigeria and Norway have been chosen as reference countries due to their abundance of natural resources by similar economic performance, while the ranking in the Human Development Index differs significantly. As the Human Development Index provides insight into a country’s cultural and socio-economic characteristics and development in addition to economic indicators, it allows a comparison of the two countries. This paper found out in a holistic perspective that (not or poorly managed) resource wealth in itself has a negative impact on socio-economic development and significantly reduces the productivity of the citizens of a state. This is expressed in particular for the years 2002 till 2017 in a negative correlation of GDP per capita and HDI value with the share respectively the size of resources in the GDP of a country. KW - socio-economic welfare KW - resource abundance KW - sustainability KW - Human Development Index Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.21272/sec.4(4).119-131.2020 SN - 2520-6214 VL - 4 IS - 4 SP - 119 EP - 131 PB - ARMG Publishing CY - Sumy ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Böhnert, Arno A1 - Blaschke, Florian A1 - Biewendt, Marcel T1 - Impact of sustainability on the strategic direction of luxury companies JF - European Journal of Marketing and Economics N2 - Today’s society is undergoing a paradigm shift driven by the megatrend of sustainability. This undeniably affects all areas of Western life. This paper aims to find out how the luxury industry is dealing with this change and what adjustments are made by the companies. For this purpose, interviews were conducted with managers from the luxury industry, in which they were asked about specific measures taken by their companies as well as trends in the industry. In a subsequent evaluation, the trends in the luxury industry were summarized for the areas of ecological, social, and economic sustainability. It was found that the area of environmental sustainability is significantly more focused than the other sub-areas. Furthermore, the need for a customer survey to validate the industry-based measures was identified. KW - Operations KW - Brands KW - Luxury KW - Change Y1 - 2022 SN - 2601-8659 VL - 6 IS - 1 SP - 70 EP - 85 PB - Revistia CY - London ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Stapenhorst, Carolin A1 - Zabek, Magdalena A1 - Hildebrand, Linda T1 - Communication process and information flow in the architectural planning context JF - Creativity game : theory and practice of spatial planning N2 - Against the background of growing data in everyday life, data processing tools become more powerful to deal with the increasing complexity in building design. The architectural planning process is offered a variety of new instruments to design, plan and communicate planning decisions. Ideally the access to information serves to secure and document the quality of the building and in the worst case, the increased data absorbs time by collection and processing without any benefit for the building and its user. Process models can illustrate the impact of information on the design- and planning process so that architect and planner can steer the process. This paper provides historic and contemporary models to visualize the architectural planning process and introduces means to describe today’s situation consisting of stakeholders, events and instruments. It explains conceptions during Renaissance in contrast to models used in the second half of the 20th century. Contemporary models are discussed regarding their value against the background of increasing computation in the building process. KW - Planning process KW - Manifestations KW - Tools KW - Conditions KW - Actors KW - Structure and Stages KW - Design process Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.15292/IU-CG.2018.06.066-073 IS - 6 SP - 66 EP - 73 PB - University of Ljubljana CY - Ljubljana ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Stapenhorst, Carolin A1 - Dutto, Andrea Alberto T1 - Notes on conceptual learning in architecture JF - Cartha - The Form of Form Y1 - 2016 N1 - Auch enthalten in der Buchausgabe "CARTHA – On the Form of Form", ISBN 978-3-03860-070-1, Park Books, 2019 CY - Basel ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Gugger, Harry A1 - Stapenhorst, Carolin ED - Geiser, Reto T1 - From city to detail: the sphere of the architect T2 - Explorations in architecture Y1 - 2008 SN - 978-3-7643-8921-5 SP - 50 EP - 53 PB - Birkhäuser CY - Basel ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Rake, Heinrich A1 - Enning, Manfred A1 - Kurth, Johannes A1 - Schröder, Walter T1 - Automatic uncoupler completes automation at the hump JF - RGI - Railway Gazette International Y1 - 1994 SN - 0373-5346 VL - 150 IS - 6 SP - 371 EP - 374 PB - Reed Business CY - Sutton ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Pfaff, Raphael A1 - Schmidt, Bernd A1 - Wilbring, Daniela A1 - Franzen, Julian T1 - Wagon4.0 – the smart wagon for improved integration into Industry 4.0 plants T2 - Proceedings of the International Heavy Haul Association STS Conference 2019 N2 - In many instances, freight vehicles exchange load or information with plants that are or will soon be Industry4.0 plants. The Wagon4.0 concept, as developed in close cooperation with e.g. port or mine operations, offers a maximum in railway operational efficiency while providing strong business cases already in the respective plant interaction. The Wagon4.0 consists of main components, a power supply, data network, sensors, actuators and an operating system, the so called WagonOS. The Wagon OS is implemented in a granular, self-sufficient manner, to allow basic features such as WiFi-Mesh and train christening in remote areas without network connection. Furthermore, the granularity of the operating system allows to extend the familiar app concept to freight rail rolling stock, making it possible to use specialised actuators for certain applications, e.g. an electrical parking brake or an auxiliary drive. In order to facilitate migration to the Wagon4.0 for existing fleets, a migration concept featuring five levels of technical adaptation was developed. The present paper investigates the benefits of Wagon4.0-implementations for the particular challenges of heavy haul operations by focusing on train christening, ep-assisted braking, autonomous last mile and traction boost operation as well as improved maintenance schedules Y1 - 2019 N1 - International Heavy Haul Association STS Conference, 10th to 14th June 2019, Narvik, Norway ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hafidi, Youssef A1 - El Hatka, Hicham A1 - Schmitz, Dominik A1 - Krauss, Manuel A1 - Pettrak, Jürgen A1 - Biel, Markus A1 - Ittobane, Najim T1 - Sustainable soil additives for water and micronutrient supply: swelling and chelating properties of polyaspartic acid hydrogels utilizing newly developed crosslinkers JF - Gels N2 - Drought and water shortage are serious problems in many arid and semi-arid regions. This problem is getting worse and even continues in temperate climatic regions due to climate change. To address this problem, the use of biodegradable hydrogels is increasingly important for the application as water-retaining additives in soil. Furthermore, efficient (micro-)nutrient supply can be provided by the use of tailored hydrogels. Biodegradable polyaspartic acid (PASP) hydrogels with different available (1,6-hexamethylene diamine (HMD) and L-lysine (LYS)) and newly developed crosslinkers based on diesters of glycine (GLY) and (di-)ethylene glycol (DEG and EG, respectively) were synthesized and characterized using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and regarding their swelling properties (kinetic, absorbency under load (AUL)) as well as biodegradability of PASP hydrogel. Copper (II) and zinc (II), respectively, were loaded as micronutrients in two different approaches: in situ with crosslinking and subsequent loading of prepared hydrogels. The results showed successful syntheses of di-glycine-ester-based crosslinkers. Hydrogels with good water-absorbing properties were formed. Moreover, the developed crosslinking agents in combination with the specific reaction conditions resulted in higher water absorbency with increased crosslinker content used in synthesis (10% vs. 20%). The prepared hydrogels are candidates for water-storing soil additives due to the biodegradability of PASP, which is shown in an exemple. The incorporation of Cu(II) and Zn(II) ions can provide these micronutrients for plant growth. KW - micronutrients KW - swelling properties KW - biodegradable polymers KW - hydrogels KW - superabsorbent polymers KW - glycine KW - polyaspartic acid Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/gels10030170 SN - 2310-2861 VL - 10 IS - 3 SP - Artikel 170 PB - MDPI CY - Basel ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Asar, Hande A1 - Stapenhorst, Carolin T1 - Zvi Hecker: Drawing on drawing JF - Archives of Design Research N2 - Background: Architectural representation, nurtured by the interaction between design thinking and design action, is inherently multi-layered. However, the representation object cannot always reflect these layers. Therefore, it is claimed that these reflections and layerings can gain visibility through ‘performativity in personal knowledge’, which basically has a performative character. The specific layers of representation produced during the performativity in personal knowledge permit insights about the ‘personal way of designing’ [1]. Therefore, the question, ‘how can these layered drawings be decomposed to understand the personal way of designing’, can be defined as the beginning of the study. On the other hand, performativity in personal knowledge in architectural design is handled through the relationship between explicit and tacit knowledge and representational and non-representational theory. To discuss the practical dimension of these theoretical relations, Zvi Hecker's drawing of the Heinz-Galinski-School is examined as an example. The study aims to understand the relationships between the layers by decomposing a layered drawing analytically in order to exemplify personal ways of designing. Methods: The study is based on qualitative research methodologies. First, a model has been formed through theoretical readings to discuss the performativity in personal knowledge. This model is used to understand the layered representations and to research the personal way of designing. Thus, one drawing of Hecker’s Heinz-Galinski-School project is chosen. Second, its layers are decomposed to detect and analyze diverse objects, which hint to different types of design tools and their application. Third, Zvi Hecker’s statements of the design process are explained through the interview data [2] and other sources. The obtained data are compared with each other. Results: By decomposing the drawing, eleven layers are defined. These layers are used to understand the relation between the design idea and its representation. They can also be thought of as a reading system. In other words, a method to discuss Hecker’s performativity in personal knowledge is developed. Furthermore, the layers and their interconnections are described in relation to Zvi Hecker’s personal way of designing. Conclusions: It can be said that layered representations, which are associated with the multilayered structure of performativity in personal knowledge, form the personal way of designing. KW - performativity in personal knowledge KW - personal way of designing KW - architectural layered representation KW - architectural design Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.15187/adr.2020.08.33.3.45 SN - 1226-8046 SN - 2288-2987 (eISSN) VL - 33 IS - 3 SP - 45 EP - 53 PB - Korean Society of Design Science CY - Seongnam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Riepl, Herbert Matthias A1 - Pettrak, Jürgen A1 - Faulstich, Martin A1 - Herrmann, Wolfgang Anton T1 - Self metathesis of fatty alcohols and amines to provide monomers for polyester and polyamide products JF - Macromolecular Symposia N2 - Self metathesis of oleochemicals offers a variety of bifunctional compounds, that can be used as monomer for polymer production. Many precursors are in huge scales available, like oleic acid ester (biodiesel), oleyl alcohol (tensides), oleyl amines (tensides, lubricants). We show several ways to produce and separate and purify C18-α,ω-bifunctional compounds, using Grubbs 2nd Generation catalysts, starting from technical grade educts. KW - fatty acid KW - metathesis KW - polyamide KW - polyester KW - renewable resources Y1 - 2010 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/masy.200900041 SN - 1521-3900 (eISSN) SN - 0258-0322 SN - 1022-1360 N1 - Special Issue: "Olefin Metathesis" VL - 293 IS - 1 SP - 39 EP - 42 PB - Wiley-VCH CY - Weinheim ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Uysal, Karya A1 - Firat, Ipek Serat A1 - Creutz, Till A1 - Aydin, Inci Cansu A1 - Artmann, Gerhard A1 - Teusch, Nicole A1 - Temiz Artmann, Aysegül T1 - A novel in vitro wound healing assay using free-standing, ultra-thin PDMS membranes JF - membranes N2 - Advances in polymer science have significantly increased polymer applications in life sciences. We report the use of free-standing, ultra-thin polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) membranes, called CellDrum, as cell culture substrates for an in vitro wound model. Dermal fibroblast monolayers from 28- and 88-year-old donors were cultured on CellDrums. By using stainless steel balls, circular cell-free areas were created in the cell layer (wounding). Sinusoidal strain of 1 Hz, 5% strain, was applied to membranes for 30 min in 4 sessions. The gap circumference and closure rate of un-stretched samples (controls) and stretched samples were monitored over 4 days to investigate the effects of donor age and mechanical strain on wound closure. A significant decrease in gap circumference and an increase in gap closure rate were observed in trained samples from younger donors and control samples from older donors. In contrast, a significant decrease in gap closure rate and an increase in wound circumference were observed in the trained samples from older donors. Through these results, we propose the model of a cell monolayer on stretchable CellDrums as a practical tool for wound healing research. The combination of biomechanical cell loading in conjunction with analyses such as gene/protein expression seems promising beyond the scope published here. Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/membranes13010022 N1 - This article belongs to the Special Issue "Latest Scientific Discoveries in Polymer Membranes" VL - 2023 IS - 13(1) PB - MDPI CY - Basel ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Heuermann, Holger T1 - Microwave technology: field simulation, non-linear circuit technology, components and subsystems, plasma technology, antennas and propagation N2 - The book covers various numerical field simulation methods, nonlinear circuit technology and its MF-S- and X-parameters, as well as state-of-the-art power amplifier techniques. It also describes newly presented oscillators and the emerging field of GHz plasma technology. Furthermore, it addresses aspects such as waveguides, mixers, phase-locked loops, antennas, and propagation effects, in combination with the bachelor's book 'High-Frequency Engineering,' encompassing all aspects related to the current state of GHz technology. KW - microwave technology KW - electrical engineering KW - electrical circuits KW - Wellenausbreitung KW - antennas KW - plasma technology KW - field simulation KW - wave propagation KW - high-frequency technology Y1 - 2024 SN - 978-3-658-45685-6 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-45686-3 PB - Springer CY - Wiesbaden ER - TY - RPRT A1 - Stapenhorst, Carolin A1 - Van Den Bergh, Wim A1 - Goliasch, Simon A1 - Kühnle, Christian A1 - Läufer, Jonas A1 - Ring, Jana A1 - Schmalt, Nicola T1 - Roman traces for cross-border identification T2 - Design Strategies for Transforming Cross-Border Regions N2 - The research group focuses on the characteristics in the land-and cityscapes of the Drielanden-zone, which contribute to generate common identities, as well as on those features that trigger differences and specificities of the adjacent countries that enrich the perception of the zone. In this research, the instruments of cartography and land survey system serve to detect and localize the fragmented appearance of relevant historic elements. These analytic procedures help to develop strategies for infrastructures and processes that gradually initiate local forms of cross-border tourism. The architectural research displays how top-down and bottom-up interventions can be combined in order to guarantee a sustainable use and development of the considered area. KW - Building Culture KW - Archeology KW - Cartography KW - Land Survey and Measurement Systems KW - Infrastructures Y1 - 2016 SP - 5 ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Staat, Manfred A1 - Heitzer, Michael T1 - Numerical methods for limit and shakedown analysis. Deterministic and probabilistic problems. Y1 - 2003 SN - 3-00-010001-6 N1 - NIC Series Vol. 15 / Ed. by Staat, M; Heitzer, M. PB - John von Neumann Institute for Computing (NIC) CY - Jülich ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Gräßl, Andreas A1 - Renz, Wolfgang A1 - Hezel, Fabian A1 - Dieringer, Matthias A. A1 - Winter, Lukas A1 - Özerdem, Celal A1 - Rieger, Jan A1 - Kellmann, Peter A1 - Santoro, Davide A1 - Lindel, Tomasz Dawid A1 - Frauenrath, Tobias A1 - Pfeiffer, Harald A1 - Niendorf, Thoralf T1 - Modular 32-channel transceiver coil array for cardiac MRI at 7.0T JF - Magnetic Resonance in Medicine N2 - Purpose To design and evaluate a modular transceiver coil array with 32 independent channels for cardiac MRI at 7.0T. Methods The modular coil array comprises eight independent building blocks, each containing four transceiver loop elements. Numerical simulations were used for B1+ field homogenization and radiofrequency (RF) safety validation. RF characteristics were examined in a phantom study. The array's suitability for accelerated high spatial resolution two-dimensional (2D) FLASH CINE imaging of the heart was examined in a volunteer study. Results Transmission field adjustments and RF characteristics were found to be suitable for the volunteer study. The signal-to-noise intrinsic to 7.0T together with the coil performance afforded a spatial resolution of 1.1 × 1.1 × 2.5 mm3 for 2D CINE FLASH MRI, which is by a factor of 6 superior to standardized CINE protocols used in clinical practice at 1.5T. The 32-channel transceiver array supports one-dimensional acceleration factors of up to R = 4 without impairing image quality significantly. Conclusion The modular 32-channel transceiver cardiac array supports accelerated and high spatial resolution cardiac MRI. The array is compatible with multichannel transmission and provides a technological basis for future clinical assessment of parallel transmission techniques at 7.0T. Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/mrm.24903 SN - 1522-2594 VL - 72 IS - 1 SP - 276 EP - 290 PB - Wiley-Liss CY - New York ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hoehr, Cornelia A1 - Paulßen, Elisabeth A1 - Benard, Francois A1 - Lee, Chris Jaeil A1 - Hou, Xinchi A1 - Badesso, Brian A1 - Ferguson, Simon A1 - Miao, Qing A1 - Yang, Hua A1 - Buckley, Ken A1 - Hanemaayer, Victoire A1 - Zeisler, Stefan A1 - Ruth, Thomas J. A1 - Celler, Anna A1 - Schaffer, Paul T1 - ⁴⁴ᶢSc production using a water target on a 13 MeV cyclotron JF - Nuclear medicine and biology N2 - Access to promising radiometals as isotopes for novel molecular imaging agents requires that they are routinely available and inexpensive to obtain. Proximity to a cyclotron center outfitted with solid target hardware, or to an isotope generator for the metal of interest is necessary, both of which can introduce significant hurdles in development of less common isotopes. Herein, we describe the production of ⁴⁴Sc (t₁⸝₂ = 3.97 h, Eavg,β⁺ = 1.47 MeV, branching ratio = 94.27%) in a solution target and an automated loading system which allows a quick turn-around between different radiometallic isotopes and therefore greatly improves their availability for tracer development. Experimental yields are compared to theoretical calculations. Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2013.12.016 SN - 1872-9614 VL - 41 IS - 5 SP - 401 EP - 406 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Orzada, Stephan A1 - Fiedler, Thomas M. A1 - Bitz, Andreas A1 - Ladd, Mark E. A1 - Quick, Harald H. T1 - Local SAR compression with overestimation control to reduce maximum relative SAR overestimation and improve multi-channel RF array performance JF - Magnetic Resonance Materials in Physics, Biology and Medicine N2 - Objective In local SAR compression algorithms, the overestimation is generally not linearly dependent on actual local SAR. This can lead to large relative overestimation at low actual SAR values, unnecessarily constraining transmit array performance. Method Two strategies are proposed to reduce maximum relative overestimation for a given number of VOPs. The first strategy uses an overestimation matrix that roughly approximates actual local SAR; the second strategy uses a small set of pre-calculated VOPs as the overestimation term for the compression. Result Comparison with a previous method shows that for a given maximum relative overestimation the number of VOPs can be reduced by around 20% at the cost of a higher absolute overestimation at high actual local SAR values. Conclusion The proposed strategies outperform a previously published strategy and can improve the SAR compression where maximum relative overestimation constrains the performance of parallel transmission. Y1 - 2020 SN - 1352-8661 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10334-020-00890-0 IS - 34 (2021) SP - 153 EP - 164 PB - Springer CY - Heidelberg ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Fiedler, Thomas M. A1 - Ladd, Mark E. A1 - Bitz, Andreas T1 - SAR Simulations & Safety JF - NeuroImage Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2017.03.035 SN - 1053-8119 IS - Epub ahead of print PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Bayer, Robin A1 - Temiz Artmann, Aysegül A1 - Digel, Ilya A1 - Falkenstein, Julia A1 - Artmann, Gerhard A1 - Creutz, Till A1 - Hescheler, Jürgen T1 - Mechano-pharmacological testing of L-Type Ca²⁺ channel modulators via human vascular celldrum model JF - Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry N2 - Background/Aims: This study aimed to establish a precise and well-defined working model, assessing pharmaceutical effects on vascular smooth muscle cell monolayer in-vitro. It describes various analysis techniques to determine the most suitable to measure the biomechanical impact of vasoactive agents by using CellDrum technology. Methods: The so-called CellDrum technology was applied to analyse the biomechanical properties of confluent human aorta muscle cells (haSMC) in monolayer. The cell generated tensions deviations in the range of a few N/m² are evaluated by the CellDrum technology. This study focuses on the dilative and contractive effects of L-type Ca²⁺ channel agonists and antagonists, respectively. We analyzed the effects of Bay K8644, nifedipine and verapamil. Three different measurement modes were developed and applied to determine the most appropriate analysis technique for the study purpose. These three operation modes are called, particular time mode" (PTM), "long term mode" (LTM) and "real-time mode" (RTM). Results: It was possible to quantify the biomechanical response of haSMCs to the addition of vasoactive agents using CellDrum technology. Due to the supplementation of 100nM Bay K8644, the tension increased approximately 10.6% from initial tension maximum, whereas, the treatment with nifedipine and verapamil caused a significant decrease in cellular tension: 10nM nifedipine decreased the biomechanical stress around 6,5% and 50nM verapamil by 2,8%, compared to the initial tension maximum. Additionally, all tested measurement modes provide similar results while focusing on different analysis parameters. Conclusion: The CellDrum technology allows highly sensitive biomechanical stress measurements of cultured haSMC monolayers. The mechanical stress responses evoked by the application of vasoactive calcium channel modulators were quantified functionally (N/m²). All tested operation modes resulted in equal findings, whereas each mode features operation-related data analysis. Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.33594/000000225 SN - 1421-9778 VL - 54 SP - 371 EP - 383 PB - Cell Physiol Biochem Press CY - Düsseldorf ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Sattler, Johannes Christoph A1 - Atti, Vikrama Naga Babu A1 - Alexopoulos, Spiros A1 - Teixeira Boura, Cristiano José A1 - Herrmann, Ulf A1 - Dutta, Siddharth A1 - Kioutsioukis, Ioannis T1 - DNI forecast tool for the smart operation of a parabolic trough collector system with concrete thermal energy storage: Theory, results and outlook T2 - SolarPACES 2022 conference proceedings N2 - This work presents a basic forecast tool for predicting direct normal irradiance (DNI) in hourly resolution, which the Solar-Institut Jülich (SIJ) is developing within a research project. The DNI forecast data shall be used for a parabolic trough collector (PTC) system with a concrete thermal energy storage (C-TES) located at the company KEAN Soft Drinks Ltd in Limassol, Cyprus. On a daily basis, 24-hour DNI prediction data in hourly resolution shall be automatically produced using free or very low-cost weather forecast data as input. The purpose of the DNI forecast tool is to automatically transfer the DNI forecast data on a daily basis to a main control unit (MCU). The MCU automatically makes a smart decision on the operation mode of the PTC system such as steam production mode and/or C-TES charging mode. The DNI forecast tool was evaluated using historical data of measured DNI from an on-site weather station, which was compared to the DNI forecast data. The DNI forecast tool was tested using data from 56 days between January and March 2022, which included days with a strong variation in DNI due to cloud passages. For the evaluation of the DNI forecast reliability, three categories were created and the forecast data was sorted accordingly. The result was that the DNI forecast tool has a reliability of 71.4 % based on the tested days. The result fulfils SIJ’s aim to achieve a reliability of around 70 %, but SIJ aims to still improve the DNI forecast quality. KW - Direct normal irradiance forecast KW - DNI forecast KW - Parabolic trough collector KW - PTC KW - Thermal Energy Storage Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.52825/solarpaces.v1i.731 SN - 2751-9899 (online) N1 - SolarPACES 2022, 28th International Conference on Concentrating Solar Power and Chemical Energy Systems, 27-30 September, Albuquerque, NM, USA IS - 1 PB - TIB Open Publishing CY - Hannover ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Duran Paredes, Ludwin A1 - Mottaghy, Darius A1 - Herrmann, Ulf A1 - Groß, Rolf Fritz T1 - Online ground temperature and soil moisture monitoring of a shallow geothermal system with non-conventional components T2 - EGU General Assembly 2020 N2 - We present first results from a newly developed monitoring station for a closed loop geothermal heat pump test installation at our campus, consisting of helix coils and plate heat exchangers, as well as an ice-store system. There are more than 40 temperature sensors and several soil moisture content sensors distributed around the system, allowing a detailed monitoring under different operating conditions.In the view of the modern development of renewable energies along with the newly concepts known as Internet of Things and Industry 4.0 (high-tech strategy from the German government), we created a user-friendly web application, which will connect the things (sensors) with the open network (www). Besides other advantages, this allows a continuous remote monitoring of the data from the numerous sensors at an arbitrary sampling rate.Based on the recorded data, we will also present first results from numerical simulations, taking into account all relevant heat transport processes.The aim is to improve the understanding of these processes and their influence on the thermal behavior of shallow geothermal systems in the unsaturated zone. This will in turn facilitate the prediction of the performance of these systems and therefore yield an improvement in their dimensioning when designing a specific shallow geothermal installation. Y1 - 2020 N1 - EGU General Assembly 2020, Online, 4–8 May 2020 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Sattler, Johannes Christoph A1 - Chico Caminos, Ricardo Alexander A1 - Ürlings, Nicolas A1 - Dutta, Siddharth A1 - Ruiz, Victor A1 - Kalogirou, Soteris A1 - Ktistis, Panayiotis A1 - Agathokleous, Rafaela A1 - Jung, Christian A1 - Alexopoulos, Spiros A1 - Atti, Vikrama Naga Babu A1 - Teixeira Boura, Cristiano José A1 - Herrmann, Ulf T1 - Operational experience and behaviour of a parabolic trough collector system with concrete thermal energy storage for process steam generation in Cyprus T2 - AIP Conference Proceedings N2 - As part of the transnational research project EDITOR, a parabolic trough collector system (PTC) with concrete thermal energy storage (C-TES) was installed and commissioned in Limassol, Cyprus. The system is located on the premises of the beverage manufacturer KEAN Soft Drinks Ltd. and its function is to supply process steam for the factory's pasteurisation process [1]. Depending on the factory's seasonally varying capacity for beverage production, the solar system delivers between 5 and 25 % of the total steam demand. In combination with the C-TES, the solar plant can supply process steam on demand before sunrise or after sunset. Furthermore, the C-TES compensates the PTC during the day in fluctuating weather conditions. The parabolic trough collector as well as the control and oil handling unit is designed and manufactured by Protarget AG, Germany. The C-TES is designed and produced by CADE Soluciones de Ingeniería, S.L., Spain. In the focus of this paper is the description of the operational experience with the PTC, C-TES and boiler during the commissioning and operation phase. Additionally, innovative optimisation measures are presented. Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0029278 N1 - SOLARPACES 2019: International Conference on Concentrating Solar Power and Chemical Energy Systems, 1–4 October 2019, Daegu, South Korea IS - 2303 SP - 140004-1 EP - 140004-10 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Hoffschmidt, Bernhard A1 - Alexopoulos, Spiros A1 - Göttsche, Joachim A1 - Sauerborn, Markus A1 - Kaufhold, O. T1 - High Concentration Solar Collectors T2 - Comprehensive Renewable Energy (Second Edition) / Volume 3: Solar Thermal Systems: Components and Applications N2 - Solar thermal concentrated power is an emerging technology that provides clean electricity for the growing energy market. To the solar thermal concentrated power plant systems belong the parabolic trough, the Fresnel collector, the solar dish, and the central receiver system. For high-concentration solar collector systems, optical and thermal analysis is essential. There exist a number of measurement techniques and systems for the optical and thermal characterization of the efficiency of solar thermal concentrated systems. For each system, structure, components, and specific characteristics types are described. The chapter presents additionally an outline for the calculation of system performance and operation and maintenance topics. One main focus is set to the models of components and their construction details as well as different types on the market. In the later part of this article, different criteria for the choice of technology are analyzed in detail. KW - Central receiver system KW - Concentrated solar collector KW - Solar dish KW - Solar concentration Y1 - 2022 SN - 978-0-12-819734-9 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-819727-1.00058-3 SP - 198 EP - 245 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - THES A1 - Stapenhorst, Carolin T1 - The concept as an operant instrument within the interdisciplinarity of the architectural design process N2 - In the introduction to their book "What is philosophy?" Gilles Deleuze and Felix Guattari deplore the inflationary and trivialised use of the term concept: "Finally, the most shameful moment came when computer science, marketing, design and advertising, all the disciplines of communication, seized hold of the word concept itself and said: 'This is our concern, we are the creative ones, we are the ideas men! We are the friends of the concept, we put in our computers.' " This doctoral thesis shares the concern of Gilles Deleuze and Felix Guattari, but still, it is a thesis in architecture and thus collocated within the field of the representatives of the "ideas men". It engages in architectural design theory, and refers in particular to the investigation of methodological approaches within the design process. Therefore, the thesis will not contribute to the philosophical dimension of the term, but intends to overcome its imprecise use within the architectural discourse, in compliance with Eugène Viollet-le-Duc's admonition relative to vague definitions: "Dans les arts, et dans l'architecture en particulier, les définitions vagues ont causé bien des erreurs, ont laissé germer bien des préjugés, enraciner bien des idées fausses. On met un mot en avant, chacun y attache un sens différent." The term concept in architecture is very often used as pure marketing collateral, it serves to sell an idea, a product, a design. Its functional applicability is reduced to a special manner of illustration, produced as one of the various design presentation documents at the end of the design process. In contrast, the original contribution of this thesis aims to give a precise, instrumental dimension to the term concept: the concept is the expression of a specific logic, capable to guide the decisional sequences of the process and thus to improve the quality of the designed projects. The motivation to define a specific instrumentality of the concept is closely connected to the issue of interdisciplinarity in the architects’ profession. The interdisciplinary character of the architectural field is widely accepted and discussed as such, but the thesis intends to give a more precise definition of the various kinds of competences involved by classifying them into either the internal or the external group. The traditional notion of interdisciplinarity, predominantly seen as collaboration between architects and technical experts, and, most notably, the historical, sometimes contentious, relationship between architects and engineers is described. Referring to recent developments, the transformation of the architect’s role within the professional sphere, marked by an increasing importance of diverse influences and linked to a growing risk of marginalisation, is illustrated. The thesis describes different ways to adapt to this specific kind of interdisciplinarity, which generally requires the architect’s ability to connect and to integrate various contents, different points of view and diverse scales. On the other hand, the big potential which is implicit in the interdisciplinary field is exposed: architects can inform their core competence, the design, by extracting contents of different disciplinary competences, pertaining or not pertaining to their own professional field. They have the possibility to cross fields of external competences in a selective way and by doing so they can build up a corpus of knowledge capable to generate and communicate guidelines and systematic methodologies for their design. At the end, the analysis of these two aspects allows the definition of a more specific professional profile of the architect as specialist of interdisciplinarity. The thesis is concerned with the theories around the design process. The design process is seen as open to inspection and critical evaluation, with major focus on the decisional sequences which characterise it. It concentrates on the process’ descriptiveness and the degree of self-conscious approaches applied within it. The importance of regulative, strategic mechanisms is illustrated by testimonies taken from a series of design researches and leads to the functional definition of the figure of the concept as representation of a coherent set of ideas, as generator of a project-specific system of rules and as communicator of decisional strategies. The concept's function is furthermore defined as communicative interface which generates and transmits the system of rules authoritative for all the disciplinary competences involved in the design process, a communicative interface which constitutes a basis of shared convictions capable to increase the efficiency of collaboration. Furthermore, the concept's capacity to explore and elaborate the contents of external disciplines is identified as a possible methodological approach to innovative design thinking. The approach to a specific functional definition of the concept is continued by the description of a series of instruments that are simultaneously generating and communicating it. It is outlined to which degree the concept itself is already the result of an ideational process, collocated within the initial phase of the design proceedings, serving as a guideline to them, but still continuously evolving and adapting in its progression. In addition, it is illustrated how all the diverse instruments of the concept are operational media through which the knowledge transition between different disciplines can occur. The considerations about the concept as operational instrument of design are elaborated with regard to a number of examples of didactical applications that are particularly involved in the development and teaching of specific design methods. These examples illustrate the interrelations between design theory and design education. They are derived from very different schools of architecture and diverse mindsets, but all of them transmit models of conceptual design thinking. KW - methodologies KW - instruments KW - interdisciplinarity KW - architectural design process KW - design theory Y1 - 2012 PB - Politecnico di Torino CY - Turin ER - TY - GEN A1 - Frauenrath, Tobias A1 - Fuchs, Katharina A1 - Hezel, Fabian A1 - Dieringer, Matthias A. A1 - Rieger, Jan A1 - Niendorf, Thoralf T1 - Improved cardiac triggering by combining multiple physiological signals: a cardiac MR feasibility study at 7.0 T T2 - 2012 ISMRM Annual Meeting Proceedings N2 - In current clinical cardiovascular MR (CMR) practice cardiac motion is commonly dealt with using ECG based synchronization. However, ECG is corrupted by magneto-hydrodynamic (MHD) effects in magnetic fields. This leads to artifacts in the ECG trace and evokes severe T-wave elevations, which might be misinterpreted as R-waves resulting in erroneous triggering. At (ultra)high field strengths, the propensity of ECG recordings to MHD effects is further pronounced. Pulse oximetry (POX) being inherently sensitive to blood oxygenation provides an alternative approach for cardiac gating. However, due to the travel time of the blood the peak of maximum oxygenation and hence the trigger is delayed by approx. 300 ms with respect to the ECG's R-wave. Also the peak of maximum oxygenation shows a jitter of up to 65 ms. Alternative triggering approaches include acoustic cardiac triggering (ACT). In current clinical practice cardiac gating / triggering commonly relies on using single physiological signals only. Realizing this limitation this study proposes a combined triggering approach which exploits multiple physiological signals including ECG, POX or ACT to track cardiac activity. The feasibility of the coupled approach is examined for LV function assessment at 7.0 T. For this purpose, breath-held 2D-CINE imaging in conjunction with cardiac synchronization was performed paralleled by real time logging of physiological waveforms to track (mis)synchronization between the cardiac cycle and data acquisition. Combinations of the ECG, POX and ACT signals were evaluated and processed in real time to facilitate reliable trigger information. Y1 - 2012 SN - 1545-4428 N1 - ISMRM 20th Annual Meeting & Exhibition, 5-11 May 2012, Melbourne, Australia ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gräßl, Andreas A1 - Renz, Wolfgang A1 - Hezel, Fabian A1 - Frauenrath, Tobias A1 - Pfeiffer, Harald A1 - Hoffmann, Werner A1 - Kellmann, Peter A1 - Martin, Conrad A1 - Niendorf, Thoralf T1 - Design, evaluation and application of a modular 32 channel transmit/receive surface coil array for cardiac MRI at 7T T2 - 2012 ISMRM Annual Meeting Proceedings N2 - Cardiac MR (CMR) at ultrahigh (≥7.0 T) fields is regarded as one of the most challenging MRI applications. At 7.0 T image quality is not always exclusively defined by signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR). Detrimental effects bear the potential to spoil the signal-to-noise (SNR) and contrast-to-noise (CNR) benefits of cardiac MR (CMR) at 7.0 T. B₁⁺-inhomogeneities and signal voids represent the main challenges. Various pioneering coil concepts have been proposed to tackle these issues, enabling cardiac MRI at 7.0 T. This includes a trend towards an ever larger number of transmit and receive channels. This approach affords multi-dimensional B₁⁺ modulations to improve B₁⁺ shimming performance and to enhance RF efficiency. Also, parallel imaging benefits from a high number of receive channels enabling two-dimensional acceleration. Realizing the limitations of existing coil designs tailored for UHF CMR and recognizing the opportunities of a many element TX/RX channel architecture this work proposes a modular, two dimensional 32-channel transmit and receive array using loop elements and examines its efficacy for enhanced B¹+ homogeneity and improved parallel imaging performance. Y1 - 2012 SN - 1545-4428 N1 - ISMRM 20th Annual Meeting & Exhibition, 5-11 May 2012, Melbourne, Australia ER - TY - GEN A1 - Tkachenko, Valeriy A1 - von Knobelsdorff-Brenkenhoff, Florian A1 - Kleindienst, Denise A1 - Winter, Lukas A1 - Rieger, Jan A1 - Frauenrath, Tobias A1 - Dieringer, Matthias A. A1 - Santoro, Davide A1 - Niendorf, Thoralf A1 - Schulz-Menger, Jeanette T1 - Cardiovasular MR at 7Tesla: assessment of the right ventricle T2 - 2012 ISMRM Annual Meeting Proceedings N2 - The assessment of the right ventricle (RV) is a challenge in today's cardiology, but of growing clinical impact regarding patient prognosis in different cardiac diseases. The detection and differentiation of small wall motion abnormalities may help to enhance the differentiation of cardiomyopathies including Arrhythmogenic Rightventricular Cardiomyopathy. Cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) at 1.5T is the accepted gold standard for RV quantification. The higher spatial resolution achievable at ultrahigh field strength (UHF) offers the potential to gain new insights into the structure and function of the RV. To approach this goal accurate RV chamber quantification at 7T has to be proven. Consequently this study examines the feasibility of assessment of RV dimensions and function at 7T using improved spatial resolution enabled by the intrinsic sensitivity gain of UHF CMR. For this purpose, a dedicated 16 channel TX/RX RF coil array is used together with 2D CINE fast gradient echo (FGRE) imaging. For comparison RV chamber quantification is conducted at 1.5T using a SSFP based state of the art clinical protocol. Y1 - 2012 SN - 1545-4428 N1 - ISMRM 20th Annual Meeting & Exhibition, 5-11 May 2012, Melbourne, Australia ER - TY - GEN A1 - Frauenrath, Tobias A1 - Pfeiffer, Harald A1 - Hezel, Fabian A1 - Dieringer, Matthias A. A1 - Winter, Lukas A1 - Gräßl, Andreas A1 - Santoro, Davide A1 - Özerdem, Celal A1 - Renz, Wolfgang A1 - Greiser, Andreas A1 - Niendorf, Thoralf T1 - Lessons learned from cardiac MRI at 7.0 T: LV function assessment at 3.0 T using local multi-channel transceiver coil arrays T2 - 2012 ISMRM Annual Meeting Proceedings N2 - Cardiac MR (CMR) is of proven clinical value but also an area of vigorous ongoing research since image quality is not always exclusively defined by signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR). Recent developments of CMR at 7.0 T have been driven by pioneering explorations into novel multichannel transmit and receive coil array technology to tackle the challenges B1+-field inhomogeneities, to offset specific-absorption rate (SAR) constraints and to reduce banding artifacts in SSFP imaging. For this study, recognition of the benefits and performance of local surface Tx/Rx-array structures recently established at 7.0 T inspired migration to 3.0 T, where RF inhomogeneities and SAR limitations encountered in routine clinical CMR, though somewhat reduced versus the 7.0 T situation, remain significant. For all these reasons, this study was designed to build and examine the feasibility of a local four channel Tx/Rx cardiac coil array for anatomical and functional cardiac imaging at 3.0 T. For comparison, a homebuilt 4 channel Rx cardiac coil array exhibiting the same geometry as the Tx/Rx coil and a Rx surface coil array were used. Y1 - 2012 SN - 1545-4428 N1 - ISMRM 20th Annual Meeting & Exhibition, 5-11 May 2012, Melbourne, Australia ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lindel, Tomasz Dawid A1 - Greiser, Andreas A1 - Waxman, Patrick A1 - Dietterle, Martin A1 - Seifert, Frank A1 - Fontius, Ulrich A1 - Renz, Wolfgang A1 - Dieringer, Matthias A. A1 - Frauenrath, Tobias A1 - Schulz-Menger, Jeanette A1 - Niendorf, Thoralf A1 - Ittermann, Bernd T1 - Cardiac CINE MRI at 7 T using a transmit array T2 - 2012 ISMRM Annual Meeting Proceedings N2 - With its need for high SNR and short acquisition times, Cardiac MRI (CMR) is an intriguing target application for ultrahigh field MRI. Due to the sheer size of the upper torso, however, the known RF issues of 7T MRI are also most prominent in CMR. Recent years brought substantial progress but the full potential of the ultrahigh field for CMR is yet to be exploited. Parallel transmission (pTx) is a promising approach in this context and several groups have already reported B1 shimming for 7T CMR. In such a static pTx application amplitudes and phases of all Tx channels are adjusted individually but otherwise imaging techniques established in current clinical practice 1.5 T and 3 T are applied. More advanced forms of pTx as spatially selective excitation (SSE) using Transmit SENSE promise additional benefits like faster imaging with reduced fields of view or improved SAR control. SSE requires the full dynamic capabilities of pTx, however, and for the majority of today's implemented pTx hardware the internal synchronization of the Tx array does not easily permit external triggering as needed for CMR. Here we report a software solution to this problem and demonstrate the feasibility of CINE CMR at 7 T using a Tx array. Y1 - 2012 SN - 1545-4428 N1 - ISMRM 20th Annual Meeting & Exhibition, 5-11 May 2012, Melbourne, Australia ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Gell, Sebastian T1 - Determinants of earnings forecast error, earnings forecast revision and earnings forecast accuracy N2 - ​Earnings forecasts are ubiquitous in today’s financial markets. They are essential indicators of future firm performance and a starting point for firm valuation. Extremely inaccurate and overoptimistic forecasts during the most recent financial crisis have raised serious doubts regarding the reliability of such forecasts. This thesis therefore investigates new determinants of forecast errors and accuracy. In addition, new determinants of forecast revisions are examined. More specifically, the thesis answers the following questions: 1) How do analyst incentives lead to forecast errors? 2) How do changes in analyst incentives lead to forecast revisions?, and 3) What factors drive differences in forecast accuracy? Y1 - 2012 SN - 978-3-8349-3936-4 SN - 978-3-8349-3937-1 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-8349-3937-1 N1 - Titel in der Buchreihe: Quantitatives Controlling PB - Springer Gabler CY - Wiesbaden ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Leidinger, Rafael A1 - Noisten, Thomas A1 - Wollert, Jörg T1 - Realtime automation networks in moVing industrial environments JF - Journal of systemics, cybernetics and informatics N2 - The radio-based wireless data communication has made the realization of new technical solutions possible in many fields of the automation technology (AT). For about ten years, a constant disproportionate growth of wireless technologies can be observed in the automation technology. However, it shows that especially for the AT, conventional technologies of office automation are unsuitable and/or not manageable. The employment of mobile services in the industrial automation technology has the potential of significant cost and time savings. This leads to an increased productivity in various fields of the AT, for example in the factory and process automation or in production logistics. In this paper technologies and solutions for an automation-suited supply of mobile wireless services will be introduced under the criteria of real time suitability, IT-security and service orientation. Emphasis will be put on the investigation and development of wireless convergence layers for different radio technologies, on the central provision of support services for an easy-to-use, central, backup enabled management of combined wired / wireless networks and on the study on integrability in a Profinet real-time Ethernet network. KW - PROFINET KW - Distributed Control Systems, KW - Industrial Automation Technology, KW - 802.15.4 KW - Bluetooth KW - Wireless Networks Y1 - 2012 SN - 1690-4532 VL - 10 IS - 2 SP - 52 EP - 56 PB - IIIC CY - Orlando ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Alexopoulos, Spiros T1 - Biogas systems: basics, biogas multifunction, principle of fermentation and hybrid application with a solar tower for the treatment of waste animal manure JF - Journal of Engineering Science and Technology Review N2 - Two of the main environmental problems of today’s society are the continuously increasing production of organic wastes as well as the increase of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere and the related green house effect. A way to solve these problems is the production of biogas. Biogas is a combustible gas consisting of methane, carbon dioxide and small amounts of other gases and trace elements. Production of biogas through anaerobic digestion of animal manure and slurries as well as of a wide range of digestible organic wastes and agricultural residues, converts these substrates into electricity and heat and offers a natural fertiliser for agriculture. The microbiological process of decomposition of organic matter, in the absence of oxygen takes place in reactors, called digesters. Biogas can be used as a fuel in a gas turbine or burner and can be used in a hybrid solar tower system offering a solution for waste treatment of agricultural and animal residues. A solar tower system consists of a heliostat field, which concentrates direct solar irradiation on an open volumetric central receiver. The receiver heats up ambient air to temperatures of around 700°C. The hot air’s heat energy is transferred to a steam Rankine cycle in a heat recovery steam generator (HRSG). The steam drives a steam turbine, which in turn drives a generator for producing electricity. In order to increase the operational hours of a solar tower power plant, a heat storage system and/ or hybridization may be considered. The advantage of solar-fossil hybrid power plants, compared to solar-only systems, lies in low additional investment costs due to an adaptable solar share and reduced technical and economical risks. On sunny days the hybrid system operates in a solar-only mode with the central receiver and on cloudy days and at night with the gas turbine only. As an alternative to methane gas, environmentally neutral biogas can be used for operating the gas turbine. Hence, the hybrid system is operated to 100% from renewable energy sources Y1 - 2012 SN - 1791-2377 N1 - Special Issue on Renewable Energy Systems VL - 5 IS - 4 SP - 48 EP - 55 PB - Kavala Institute of Technology CY - Kavala ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hasan, Istabrak A1 - Keil, Ludger A1 - Staat, Manfred A1 - Wahl, Gerhard A1 - Bourauel, Christoph T1 - Determination of the frictional coefficient of the implant-antler interface : experimental approach JF - Biomedical Engineering / Biomedizinische Technik N2 - The similar bone structure of reindeer antler to human bone permits studying the osseointegration of dental implants in the jawbone. As the friction is one of the major factors that have a significant influence on the initial stability of immediately loaded dental implants, it is essential to define the frictional coefficient of the implant-antler interface. In this study, the kinetic frictional forces at the implant-antler interface were measured experimentally using an optomechanical setup and a stepping motor controller under different axial loads and sliding velocities. The corresponding mean values of the static and kinetic frictional coefficients were within the range of 0.5–0.7 and 0.3–0.5, respectively. An increase in the frictional forces with increasing applied axial loads was registered. The measurements showed an evidence of a decrease in the magnitude of the frictional coefficient with increasing sliding velocity. The results of this study provide a considerable assessment to clarify the suitable frictional coefficient to be used in the finite element contact analysis of antler specimens. Y1 - 2012 SN - 1862-278X VL - 57 IS - 5 SP - 359 EP - 363 PB - De Gruyter CY - Berlin ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Reisgen, Uwe A1 - Schleser, Markus A1 - Abdurakhmanov, Aydemir A1 - Gumenyuk, Andrey T1 - Measuring of plasma properties induced by non-vacuum electron beam welding JF - Physics of plasma N2 - Electron beam plasma measurement was realised by means of DIABEAM system invented by ISF RWTH Aachen. The Langmuir probe method is used for measurement. The relative simplicity of the method and the possibility of dispersion of high power on the probe allow its application for the investigation of high-power electron beams. The key element of the method is a rotating thin tungsten wire, which intersects the beam transversely on its axis and collects part of the current by itself. The signals, which are registered in the DIABEAM as a voltage, were taken in the form of amplitude. The conversion of the probe current into the distribution along the beam radius was realised using the Abel’s method. A voltage-current characteristic was built for the beam current. The local electron density as well as the electron temperature, the floating potential and the plasma potential were measured and calculated by means of this characteristic. Y1 - 2012 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3675874 SN - 1089-7674 (E-Journal); 1070-664X (Print) VL - 19 IS - 1 PB - AIP Publishing CY - Melville, NY ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Reisgen, Uwe A1 - Olschok, Simon A1 - Jakobs, Stefan A1 - Schleser, Markus A1 - Mokrov, Oleg A1 - Rossiter, Eduardo T1 - Laser beam submerged arc hybrid welding JF - Physics procedia N2 - The laser beam-submerged arc hybrid welding method originates from the knowledge that, with increasing penetration depth, the laser beam process has a tendency to pore formation in the lower weld regions. The coupling with the energy-efficient submerged-arc process improves degassing and reduces the tendency to pore formation. The high deposition rate of the SA process in combination with the laser beam process offers, providing the appropriate choice of weld preparation, the possibility of welding plates with a thickness larger than 20° mm in a single pass, and also of welding thicker plates with the double-sided single pass technique. Y1 - 2012 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phpro.2012.10.016 SN - 1875-3892 N1 - Part of special issue "Laser assisted net shape engineering 7 (LANE 2012)" VL - 39 SP - 75 EP - 83 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schiffer, Stefan A1 - Ferrein, Alexander A1 - Lakemeyer, Gerhard T1 - Caesar: an intelligent domestic service robot JF - Intelligent service robotics N2 - In this paper we present CAESAR, an intelligent domestic service robot. In domestic settings for service robots complex tasks have to be accomplished. Those tasks benefit from deliberation, from robust action execution and from flexible methods for human–robot interaction that account for qualitative notions used in natural language as well as human fallibility. Our robot CAESAR deploys AI techniques on several levels of its system architecture. On the low-level side, system modules for localization or navigation make, for instance, use of path-planning methods, heuristic search, and Bayesian filters. For face recognition and human–machine interaction, random trees and well-known methods from natural language processing are deployed. For deliberation, we use the robot programming and plan language READYLOG, which was developed for the high-level control of agents and robots; it allows combining programming the behaviour using planning to find a course of action. READYLOG is a variant of the robot programming language Golog. We extended READYLOG to be able to cope with qualitative notions of space frequently used by humans, such as “near” and “far”. This facilitates human–robot interaction by bridging the gap between human natural language and the numerical values needed by the robot. Further, we use READYLOG to increase the flexible interpretation of human commands with decision-theoretic planning. We give an overview of the different methods deployed in CAESAR and show the applicability of a system equipped with these AI techniques in domestic service robotics Y1 - 2012 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11370-012-0118-y SN - 1861-2776 N1 - Special Issue on Artificial Intelligence Techniques for Robotics: Sensing, Representation and Action, Part I VL - 5 IS - 4 SP - 259 EP - 276 PB - Springer CY - Berlin ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Bassam, Rasha A1 - Hescheler, Jürgen A1 - Temiz Artmann, Aysegül A1 - Artmann, Gerhard A1 - Digel, Ilya T1 - Effects of spermine NONOate and ATP on the thermal stability of hemoglobin JF - BMC Biophysics N2 - Background Minor changes in protein structure induced by small organic and inorganic molecules can result in significant metabolic effects. The effects can be even more profound if the molecular players are chemically active and present in the cell in considerable amounts. The aim of our study was to investigate effects of a nitric oxide donor (spermine NONOate), ATP and sodium/potassium environment on the dynamics of thermal unfolding of human hemoglobin (Hb). The effect of these molecules was examined by means of circular dichroism spectrometry (CD) in the temperature range between 25°C and 70°C. The alpha-helical content of buffered hemoglobin samples (0.1 mg/ml) was estimated via ellipticity change measurements at a heating rate of 1°C/min. Results Major results were: 1) spermine NONOate persistently decreased the hemoglobin unfolding temperature T u irrespectively of the Na + /K + environment, 2) ATP instead increased the unfolding temperature by 3°C in both sodium-based and potassium-based buffers and 3) mutual effects of ATP and NO were strongly influenced by particular buffer ionic compositions. Moreover, the presence of potassium facilitated a partial unfolding of alpha-helical structures even at room temperature. Conclusion The obtained data might shed more light on molecular mechanisms and biophysics involved in the regulation of protein activity by small solutes in the cell. KW - Nitric Oxide Donor KW - NONOate KW - Circular Dichroism KW - Nitric Oxide Y1 - 2012 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1186/2046-1682-5-16 SN - 2046-1682 VL - 5 PB - BioMed Central CY - London ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Hoefling, J. A1 - Schirra, Julian A1 - Spohr, A. A1 - Schäfer, Daniel T1 - Induced drag computation with wake model schemes for highly non-planar wing systems T2 - Deutscher Luft- und Raumfahrtkongress 2013 : 10.9. - 12.9.2013, Stuttgart Y1 - 2013 SP - 1 EP - 10 PB - Dt. Ges. für Luft- und Raumfahrt CY - Bonn ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Grotendorst, Johannes T1 - IAS Winter School: Hierarchical Methods for Dynamics in Complex Molecular Systems JF - Innovatives Supercomputing in Deutschland : inSiDE Y1 - 2012 VL - 10 SP - 104 EP - 1 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Mansurov, Zulkhair A. A1 - Jandosov, J. M. A1 - Kerimkulova, Almagul R. A1 - Azat, Seitkhan A1 - Zhubanova, Azhar Achmet A1 - Digel, Ilya A1 - Savistkaya, I. S. A1 - Akimbekov, Nuraly S. A1 - Kistaubaeva, A. S. T1 - Nanostructured carbon materials for biomedical use JF - Eurasian chemico-technological journal : quarterly journal of the International Higher Education Academy of Sciences N2 - One of the priority trends of carbon nanotechnology is creation of nanocomposite systems. Such carbon nanostructured composites were produced using - raw materials based on the products of agricultural waste, such as grape stones, apricot stones, rice husk. These products have a - wide spectrum of application and can be obtained in large quantities. The Institute of Combustion Problems has carried out the work on synthesis of the nanostructured carbon sorbents for multiple applications including the field of biomedicine. The article presents the data on the synthesis and physico-chemical properties of carbonaceous sorbents using physicochemical methods of investigation: separation and purification of biomolecules; isolation of phytohormone - fusicoccin; adsorbent INGO-1 in the form of an adsorption column for blood detoxification, oral (entero) sorbent - INGO-2; the study of efferent and probiotic properties and sorption activity in regard to the lipopolysaccharide (LPS), new biocomposites - based on carbonized rice husk (CRH) and cellular microorganisms; the use of CRH in wound treatment. A new material for blood detoxication (INGO-1) has been obtained. Adsorption of p-cresyl sulfate and indoxyl sulfate has shown that active carbon adsorbent can remove clinically significant level of p-cresyl sulfate and indoxyl sulfate from human plasma. Enterosorbent INGO-2 possesses high adsorption activity in relation to Gram-negative bacteria and their endotoxins. INGO-2 slows down the growth of conditionally pathogenic microorganisms, without having a negative effect on bifido and lactobacteria. The use of enterosorbent INGO-2 for sorption therapy may provide a solution to a complex problem - detoxication of the digestive tract and normalization of the intestinal micro ecology. The immobilized probiotic called "Riso-lact" was registered at the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Kazakhstan as a biologically active food additive. The developed technology is patented and provides production of the medicine in the form of freeze-dried biomass immobilized in vials. Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.18321/ectj224 SN - 1562-3920 VL - 15 (2013) IS - 3 SP - 209 EP - 217 PB - Institute of Combustion Problems CY - Almaty ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Schuba, Marko A1 - Höfken, Hans-Wilhelm A1 - Linzbach, Sophie T1 - An ICS Honeynet for Detecting and Analyzing Cyberattacks in Industrial Plants T2 - 2021 International Conference on Electrical, Computer and Energy Technologies (ICECET) N2 - Cybersecurity of Industrial Control Systems (ICS) is an important issue, as ICS incidents may have a direct impact on safety of people or the environment. At the same time the awareness and knowledge about cybersecurity, particularly in the context of ICS, is alarmingly low. Industrial honeypots offer a cheap and easy to implement way to raise cybersecurity awareness and to educate ICS staff about typical attack patterns. When integrated in a productive network, industrial honeypots may not only reveal attackers early but may also distract them from the actual important systems of the network. Implementing multiple honeypots as a honeynet, the systems can be used to emulate or simulate a whole Industrial Control System. This paper describes a network of honeypots emulating HTTP, SNMP, S7communication and the Modbus protocol using Conpot, IMUNES and SNAP7. The nodes mimic SIMATIC S7 programmable logic controllers (PLCs) which are widely used across the globe. The deployed honeypots' features will be compared with the features of real SIMATIC S7 PLCs. Furthermore, the honeynet has been made publicly available for ten days and occurring cyberattacks have been analyzed KW - Conpot KW - honeypot KW - honeynet KW - ICS KW - cybersecurity Y1 - 2022 SN - 978-1-6654-4231-2 SN - 978-1-6654-4232-9 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/ICECET52533.2021.9698746 N1 - 2021 International Conference on Electrical, Computer and Energy Technologies (ICECET). 09-10 December 2021. Cape Town, South Africa. PB - IEEE ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Lagemaat, Miriam W. A1 - Breukels, Vincent A1 - Vos, Eline K. A1 - Kerr, Adam B. A1 - Uden, Mark J. van A1 - Orzada, Stephan A1 - Bitz, Andreas A1 - Maas, Marnix C. A1 - Scheenen, Tom W. J. T1 - ¹H MR spectroscopic imaging of the prostate at 7T using spectral-spatial pulses JF - Magnetic Resonance in Medicine N2 - Purpose To assess the feasibility of prostate ¹H MR spectroscopic imaging (MRSI) using low-power spectral-spatial (SPSP) pulses at 7T, exploiting accurate spectral selection and spatial selectivity simultaneously. Methods A double spin-echo sequence was equipped with SPSP refocusing pulses with a spectral selectivity of 1 ppm. Three-dimensional prostate ¹H-MRSI at 7T was performed with the SPSP-MRSI sequence using an 8-channel transmit array coil and an endorectal receive coil in three patients with prostate cancer and in one healthy subject. No additional water or lipid suppression pulses were used. Results Prostate ¹H-MRSI could be obtained well within specific absorption rate (SAR) limits in a clinically feasible time (10 min). Next to the common citrate signals, the prostate spectra exhibited high spermine signals concealing creatine and sometimes also choline. Residual lipid signals were observed at the edges of the prostate because of limitations in spectral and spatial selectivity. Conclusion It is possible to perform prostate ¹H-MRSI at 7T with a SPSP-MRSI sequence while using separate transmit and receive coils. This low-SAR MRSI concept provides the opportunity to increase spatial resolution of MRSI within reasonable scan times. Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/mrm.25569 SN - 1522-2594 VL - 75 IS - 3 SP - 933 EP - 945 PB - International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Staat, Manfred A1 - Vu, Duc Khoi T1 - Limit analysis of flaws in pressurized pipes and cylindrical vessels Part II: Circumferential defects JF - Engineering Fracture Mechanic N2 - Upper and lower bound theorems of limit analyses have been presented in part I of the paper. Part II starts with the finite element discretization of these theorems and demonstrates how both can be combined in a primal–dual optimization problem. This recently proposed numerical method is used to guide the development of a new class of closed-form limit loads for circumferential defects, which show that only large defects contribute to plastic collapse with a rapid loss of strength with increasing crack sizes. The formulae are compared with primal–dual FEM limit analyses and with burst tests. Even closer predictions are obtained with iterative limit load solutions for the von Mises yield function and for the Tresca yield function. Pressure loading of the faces of interior cracks in thick pipes reduces the collapse load of circumferential defects more than for axial flaws. Axial defects have been treated in part I of the paper. Y1 - 2012 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engfracmech.2012.05.017 SN - 0013-7944 VL - 97 IS - 1 SP - 314 EP - 333 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Aggarwal, Pranav A1 - Dhiman, Shashi K. A1 - Kumar, G. A1 - Scherer, Ulrich W. A1 - Singla, M. L. A1 - Srivastava, Alok T1 - Optical study of poly(ethyleneterephthalate) modified by different ionizing radiation dose JF - Indian Journal of Pure and Applied Physics N2 - Thin films of poly(ethyleneterephthalate) [PET]were exposed to radiation dose ranging from 10 to 30 kGy by using gamma rays in the range 12.8-177.8 MGy using swift light ions of hydrogen. There was no effect of the radiation dose on the optical behaviour of PET as a result of exposure to radiation dose up to 30 kGy brought about by gamma rays but a significant decrease in the optical band gap values was observed when PET was exposed to swift light ions of hydrogen. The data obtained are discussed in terms of optical studies carried out on PET using swift heavy ions. Y1 - 2012 SN - 0019-5596 VL - 50 IS - 2 SP - 129 EP - 132 PB - Council Of Scientific And Industrial Research (CSIR), National Institute Of Science Communication and Policy Research (NIScPR) CY - New Delhi ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Ribitsch, D. A1 - Karl, W. A1 - Birner-Gruenberger, R. A1 - Gruber, K. A1 - Eiteljoerg, I. A1 - Remler, P. A1 - Wieland, S. A1 - Siegert, Petra A1 - Maurer, Karl-Heinz A1 - Schwab, H. T1 - C-terminal truncation of a metagenome-derived detergent protease for effective expression in E. coli JF - Journal of biotechnology N2 - Recently, a new alkaline protease named HP70 showing highest homology to extracellular serine proteases of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia and Xanthomonas campestris was found in the course of a metagenome screening for detergent proteases (Niehaus et al., submitted for publication). Attempts to efficiently express the enzyme in common expression hosts had failed. This study reports on the realization of overexpression in Escherichia coli after structural modification of HP70. Modelling of HP70 resulted in a two-domain structure, comprising the catalytic domain and a C-terminal domain which includes about 100 amino acids. On the basis of the modelled structure the enzyme was truncated by deletion of most of the C-terminal domain yielding HP70-C477. This structural modification allowed effective expression of active enzyme using E. coli BL21-Gold as the host. Specific activity of HP70-C477 determined with suc-l-Ala-l-Ala-l-Pro-l-Phe-p-nitroanilide as the substrate was 30 ± 5 U/mg compared to 8 ± 1 U/mg of the native enzyme. HP70-C477 was most active at 40 °C and pH 7–11; these conditions are prerequisite for a potential application as detergent enzyme. Determination of kinetic parameters at 40 °C and pH = 9.5 resulted in KM = 0.23 ± 0.01 mM and kcat = 167.5 ± 3.6 s⁻¹. MS-analysis of peptide fragments obtained from incubation of HP70 and HP70-C477 with insulin B indicated that the C-terminal domain influences the cleavage preferences of the enzyme. Washing experiments confirmed the high potential of HP70-C477 as detergent protease. Y1 - 2010 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiotec.2010.09.947 SN - 1873-4863 (E-Journal); 0168-1656 (Print) VL - 150 IS - 3 SP - 408 EP - 416 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Henriques, A. A1 - Jurado, B. A1 - Grieser, M. A1 - Denis-Petit, D. A1 - Chiron, T. A1 - Gaudefroy, L. A1 - Glorius, J. A1 - Langer, Christoph A1 - Litvinov, Yu. A. A1 - Mathieu, L. A1 - Meot, V. A1 - Perez-Sanchez, R. A1 - Pibernat, J. A1 - Reifarth, R. A1 - Roig, O. A1 - Thomas, B. A. A1 - Thomas, B. A. A1 - Thomas, J. C. A1 - Tsekhanovich, I. T1 - Indirect measurements of neutron cross-secti at heavy-ion storage rings JF - Journal of Physics: Conference Series N2 - Cross sections for neutron-induced reactions of short-lived nuclei are essential for nuclear astrophysics since these reactions in the stars are responsible for the production of most heavy elements in the universe. These reactions are also key in applied domains like energy production and medicine. Nevertheless, neutron-induced cross-section measurements can be extremely challenging or even impossible to perform due to the radioactivity of the targets involved. Indirect measurements through the surrogate-reaction method can help to overcome these difficulties. The surrogate-reaction method relies on the use of an alternative reaction that will lead to the formation of the same excited nucleus as in the neutron-induced reaction of interest. The decay probabilities (for fission, neutron and gamma-ray emission) of the nucleus produced via the surrogate reaction allow one to constrain models and the prediction of the desired neutron cross sections. We propose to perform surrogate reaction measurements in inverse kinematics at heavy-ion storage rings, in particular at the CRYRING@ESR of the GSI/FAIR facility. We present the conceptual idea of the most promising setup to measure for the first time simultaneously the fission, neutron and gamma-ray emission probabilities. The results of the first simulations considering the 238U(d,d') reaction are shown, as well as new technical developments that are being carried out towards this set-up. Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1668/1/012019 VL - 1668 IS - Art. 012019 PB - IOP CY - Bristol ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Brockhaus, Moritz K. A1 - Behbahani, Mehdi A1 - Muris, Farina A1 - Jansen, Sebastian V. A1 - Schmitz-Rode, Thomas A1 - Steinseifer, Ulrich A1 - Clauser, Johanna C. T1 - In vitro thrombogenicity testing of pulsatile mechanical circulatory support systems: Design and proof-of-concept JF - Artificial Organs N2 - Thrombogenic complications are a main issue in mechanical circulatory support (MCS). There is no validated in vitro method available to quantitatively assess the thrombogenic performance of pulsatile MCS devices under realistic hemodynamic conditions. The aim of this study is to propose a method to evaluate the thrombogenic potential of new designs without the use of complex in-vivo trials. This study presents a novel in vitro method for reproducible thrombogenicity testing of pulsatile MCS systems using low molecular weight heparinized porcine blood. Blood parameters are continuously measured with full blood thromboelastometry (ROTEM; EXTEM, FIBTEM and a custom-made analysis HEPNATEM). Thrombus formation is optically observed after four hours of testing. The results of three experiments are presented each with two parallel loops. The area of thrombus formation inside the MCS device was reproducible. The implantation of a filter inside the loop catches embolizing thrombi without a measurable increase of platelet activation, allowing conclusions of the place of origin of thrombi inside the device. EXTEM and FIBTEM parameters such as clotting velocity (α) and maximum clot firmness (MCF) show a total decrease by around 6% with a characteristic kink after 180 minutes. HEPNATEM α and MCF rise within the first 180 minutes indicate a continuously increasing activation level of coagulation. After 180 minutes, the consumption of clotting factors prevails, resulting in a decrease of α and MCF. With the designed mock loop and the presented protocol we are able to identify thrombogenic hot spots inside a pulsatile pump and characterize their thrombogenic potential. Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/aor.14046 SN - 1525-1594 VL - 45 IS - 12 SP - 1513 EP - 1521 PB - Wiley CY - Weinheim ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Ferrein, Alexander A1 - Steinbauer, Gerald A1 - Vassos, Stavros T1 - Action-Based Imperative Programming with YAGI JF - AAAI Technical Report N2 - Many tasks for autonomous agents or robots are best described by a specification of the environment and a specification of the available actions the agent or robot can perform. Combining such a specification with the possibility to imperatively program a robot or agent is what we call the actionbased imperative programming. One of the most successful such approaches is Golog. In this paper, we draft a proposal for a new robot programming language YAGI, which is based on the action-based imperative programming paradigm. Our goal is to design a small, portable stand-alone YAGI interpreter. We combine the benefits of a principled domain specification with a clean, small and simple programming language, which does not exploit any side-effects from the implementation language. We discuss general requirements of action-based programming languages and outline YAGI, our action-based language approach which particularly aims at embeddability. Y1 - 2012 N1 - Cognitive Robotics, Papers from the 2012 AAAI Workshop, CogRob@AAAI 2012, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, July 22-23, 2012 SP - 24 EP - 31 PB - AAAI CY - Menlo Park ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Schütz, P. A1 - Breuer, M. A1 - Höfken, Hans-Wilhelm A1 - Schuba, Marko T1 - Malware proof on mobile phone exhibits based on GSM/GPRS traces T2 - The Second International Conference on Cyber Security, Cyber Peacefare and Digital Forensic (CyberSec 2013) : 04.03. - 06.03.2013, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia Y1 - 2013 SN - 978-0-9853483-7-3 SP - 89 EP - 96 PB - The Society of Digital Information and Wireless Communication ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schaefer, Thomas A1 - Höfken, Hans-Wilhelm A1 - Schuba, Marko T1 - Windows Phone 7 from a Digital Forensics’ Perspective Y1 - 2011 N1 - ICDF2C <3, 2011, Dublin> PB - Springer CY - Berlin ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Frauenrath, Tobias A1 - Hezel, Fabian A1 - Renz, Wolfgang A1 - de Geyer d'Orth, Thibaut A1 - Dieringer, Matthias A1 - von Knobelsdorf-Brenkenhoff, Florian A1 - Prothmann, Marcel A1 - Schulz-Menger, Jeanette A1 - Niendorf, Thoralf T1 - Acoustic cardiac triggering: a practical solution for synchronization and gating of cardiovascular magnetic resonance at 7 Tesla JF - Journal of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance N2 - Background To demonstrate the applicability of acoustic cardiac triggering (ACT) for imaging of the heart at ultrahigh magnetic fields (7.0 T) by comparing phonocardiogram, conventional vector electrocardiogram (ECG) and traditional pulse oximetry (POX) triggered 2D CINE acquisitions together with (i) a qualitative image quality analysis, (ii) an assessment of the left ventricular function parameter and (iii) an examination of trigger reliability and trigger detection variance derived from the signal waveforms. Results ECG was susceptible to severe distortions at 7.0 T. POX and ACT provided waveforms free of interferences from electromagnetic fields or from magneto-hydrodynamic effects. Frequent R-wave mis-registration occurred in ECG-triggered acquisitions with a failure rate of up to 30% resulting in cardiac motion induced artifacts. ACT and POX triggering produced images free of cardiac motion artefacts. ECG showed a severe jitter in the R-wave detection. POX also showed a trigger jitter of approximately Δt = 72 ms which is equivalent to two cardiac phases. ACT showed a jitter of approximately Δt = 5 ms only. ECG waveforms revealed a standard deviation for the cardiac trigger offset larger than that observed for ACT or POX waveforms. Image quality assessment showed that ACT substantially improved image quality as compared to ECG (image quality score at end-diastole: ECG = 1.7 ± 0.5, ACT = 2.4 ± 0.5, p = 0.04) while the comparison between ECG vs. POX gated acquisitions showed no significant differences in image quality (image quality score: ECG = 1.7 ± 0.5, POX = 2.0 ± 0.5, p = 0.34). Conclusions The applicability of acoustic triggering for cardiac CINE imaging at 7.0 T was demonstrated. ACT's trigger reliability and fidelity are superior to that of ECG and POX. ACT promises to be beneficial for cardiovascular magnetic resonance at ultra-high field strengths including 7.0 T. KW - Interval Time Series KW - Image Quality Score KW - Image Quality Assessment KW - Sound Pressure Level KW - Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Y1 - 2010 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1186/1532-429X-12-67 SN - 1532-429X VL - 12 IS - 1 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Chajan, Eduard A1 - Schulte-Tigges, Joschua A1 - Reke, Michael A1 - Ferrein, Alexander A1 - Matheis, Dominik A1 - Walter, Thomas T1 - GPU based model-predictive path control for self-driving vehicles T2 - IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium (IV) N2 - One central challenge for self-driving cars is a proper path-planning. Once a trajectory has been found, the next challenge is to accurately and safely follow the precalculated path. The model-predictive controller (MPC) is a common approach for the lateral control of autonomous vehicles. The MPC uses a vehicle dynamics model to predict the future states of the vehicle for a given prediction horizon. However, in order to achieve real-time path control, the computational load is usually large, which leads to short prediction horizons. To deal with the computational load, the control algorithm can be parallelized on the graphics processing unit (GPU). In contrast to the widely used stochastic methods, in this paper we propose a deterministic approach based on grid search. Our approach focuses on systematically discovering the search area with different levels of granularity. To achieve this, we split the optimization algorithm into multiple iterations. The best sequence of each iteration is then used as an initial solution to the next iteration. The granularity increases, resulting in smooth and predictable steering angle sequences. We present a novel GPU-based algorithm and show its accuracy and realtime abilities with a number of real-world experiments. KW - Heuristic algorithms KW - Computational modeling KW - model-predictive control KW - GPU KW - autonomous driving Y1 - 2021 SN - 978-1-7281-5394-0 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/IV48863.2021.9575619 N1 - 2021 IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium (IV), July 11-17, 2021. Nagoya, Japan SP - 1243 EP - 1248 PB - IEEE CY - New York, NY ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Barbazán, Paula A1 - Hagenbach, Adelheid A1 - Paulßen, Elisabeth A1 - Abram, Ulrich A1 - Carballo, Rosa A1 - Rodriguez-Hermida, Sabina A1 - Vázquez-López, Ezequiel M. T1 - Tricarbonyl Rhenium(I) and Technetium(I) Complexes with Hydrazones Derived from 4,5-Diazafluoren-9-one and 1,10-Phenanthroline-5,6-dione JF - European Journal of Inorganic Chemistry N2 - Tricarbonylrhenium(I) and -technetium(I) halide (halide = Cl and Br) complexes of ligands derived from 4,5-diazafluoren-9-one (df) and 1,10-phenanthroline-5,6-dione (phen) derivatives of benzoic and 2-hydroxybenzoic acid hydrazides have been prepared. The complexes have been characterized by elemental analysis, MS, IR, 1H NMR and absorption and emission UV/Vis spectroscopic methods. The metal centres (ReI and TcI) are coordinated through the nitrogen imine atoms and establish five-membered chelate rings, whereas the hydrazone groups stand uncoordinated. The 1H NMR spectra suggest the same behaviour in solution on the basis of only marginal variations in the chemical shifts of the hydrazine protons. Y1 - 2010 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/ejic.201000522 SN - 1099-0682 IS - 29 SP - 4622 EP - 4630 PB - Wiley-VCH CY - Weinheim ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Maus, Stefan A1 - Höfken, Hans-Wilhelm A1 - Schuba, Marko T1 - Forensic Analysis of Geodata in Android Smartphones Y1 - 2011 N1 - Cyberforensics 2011, Glasgow SP - 1 EP - 11 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Ribitsch, D. A1 - Heumann, S. A1 - Karl, W. A1 - Gerlach, J. A1 - Leber, R. A1 - Birner-Gruenberger, R. A1 - Gruber, K. A1 - Eiteljoerg, I. A1 - Remler, P. A1 - Siegert, Petra A1 - Lange, J. A1 - Maurer, Karl-Heinz A1 - Berg, G. A1 - Guebitz, G. M. A1 - Schwab, H. T1 - Extracellular serine proteases from Stenotrophomonas maltophilia: Screening, isolation and heterologous expression in E. coli JF - Journal of biotechnology N2 - A large strain collection comprising antagonistic bacteria was screened for novel detergent proteases. Several strains displayed protease activity on agar plates containing skim milk but were inactive in liquid media. Encapsulation of cells in alginate beads induced protease production. Stenotrophomonas maltophilia emerged as best performer under washing conditions. For identification of wash-active proteases, four extracellular serine proteases called StmPr1, StmPr2, StmPr3 and StmPr4 were cloned. StmPr2 and StmPr4 were sufficiently overexpressed in E. coli. Expression of StmPr1 and StmPr3 resulted in unprocessed, insoluble protein. Truncation of most of the C-terminal domain which has been identified by enzyme modeling succeeded in expression of soluble, active StmPr1 but failed in case of StmPr3. From laundry application tests StmPr2 turned out to be a highly wash-active protease at 45 °C. Specific activity of StmPr2 determined with suc-l-Ala-l-Ala-l-Pro-l-Phe-p-nitroanilide as the substrate was 17 ± 2 U/mg. In addition we determined the kinetic parameters and cleavage preferences of protease StmPr2. KW - Alginate beads KW - Stenotrophomonas maltophilia KW - Detergent protease Y1 - 2012 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiotec.2011.09.025 SN - 1873-4863 (E-Journal); 0168-1656 (Print) VL - 157 IS - 1 SP - 140 EP - 147 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Schwanke, Peter A1 - Höfken, Hans-Wilhelm A1 - Schuba, Marko T1 - Security Analysis of the ADS Protocol of a Beckhoff CX2020 PLC N2 - ICSs (Industrial Control Systems) and its subset SCADA systems (Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition) are getting exposed to a constant stream of new threats. The increasing importance of IT security in ICS requires viable methods to assess the security of ICS, its individual components, and its protocols. This paper presents a security analysis with focus on the communication protocols of a single PLC (Programmable Logic Controller). The PLC, a Beckhoff CX2020, is examined and new vulnerabilities of the system are revealed. Based on these findings recommendations are made to improve security of the Beckhoff system and its protocols. Y1 - 2017 N1 - International Conference on Computer, Network Security and Communication Engineering (CNSCE 2017), March 26-27, 2017, Bangkok, Thailand SP - 1 EP - 5 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Fleischhaker, Robert A1 - Evers, Jörg A1 - Dey, Tarak N. T1 - Phase modulation induced by cooperative effects in electromagnetically induced transparency JF - Physical Review A - Atomic, molecular, and optical physics N2 - We analyze the influence of dipole-dipole interactions in an electromagnetically induced transparency set up for a density at the onset of cooperative effects. To this end, we include mean-field models for the influence of local-field corrections and radiation trapping into our calculation. We show both analytically and numerically that the polarization contribution to the local field strongly modulates the phase of a weak pulse. We give an intuitive explanation for this local-field-induced phase modulation and demonstrate that it distinctively differs from the nonlinear self-phase-modulation that a strong pulse experiences in a Kerr medium. Y1 - 2010 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.82.013815 SN - 1050-2947 VL - 82 IS - 1 PB - AIP Publishing CY - Melville, NY ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hagemann, Hans-Jürgen A1 - Bachmann, Peter K. A1 - Lade, H. A1 - Leers, D. A1 - Wiechert, Detlef U. A1 - Wilson, H. A1 - Fournier, D. A1 - Plamann, Karsten T1 - Thermal properties of C/H-, C/H/O-, C/H/N- and C/H/X-grown polycrystalline CVD diamond. P. K. Bachmann, H. J. Hagemann, H. Lade, ... JF - Diamond and Related Material. Vol 4. (1995), H. Issue 5-6 Y1 - 1995 SP - 820 EP - 826 PB - Elsevier Science CY - New York, NY [u.a.] ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hagemann, Hans-Jürgen A1 - Bachmann, Peter K. A1 - Lade, H. A1 - Leers, D. T1 - CVD Diamond Growth: Gas Compositions and Film Properties / P.K. Bachmann, H.J. Hagemann, H. Lade, D. Leers, D.U. Wiechert and H. Wilson JF - Advanced materials '94 : proceedings of the NIRIM International Symposium on Advanced Materials '94, Tsukuba, Japan, March 13 - 17, 1994 / National Institute for Research in Inorganic Materials. Ed. by M. Kamo ... Y1 - 1994 N1 - NIRIM International Symposium on Advanced Materials ; 1994 (Tsukuba) : 1994.03.13-17 SP - 115 EP - 120 PB - International Communications Specialists CY - Tokyo ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Poghossian, Arshak A1 - Schusser, Sebastian A1 - Bäcker, Matthias A1 - Leinhos, Marcel A1 - Schöning, Michael Josef T1 - Real-time in-situ electrical monitoring of the degradation of biopolymers using semiconductor field-effect devices T2 - Biodegradable biopolymers. Vol. 1 Y1 - 2015 SN - 978-1-63483-632-6 SP - 135 EP - 153 PB - Nova Science Publ. CY - Hauppauge ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Stäudle, Benjamin A1 - Seynnes, Olivier A1 - Laps, Guido A1 - Brüggemann, Gert-Peter A1 - Albracht, Kirsten T1 - Altered gastrocnemius contractile behavior in former achilles tendon rupture patients during walking JF - Frontiers in Physiology N2 - Achilles tendon rupture (ATR) remains associated with functional limitations years after injury. Architectural remodeling of the gastrocnemius medialis (GM) muscle is typically observed in the affected leg and may compensate force deficits caused by a longer tendon. Yet patients seem to retain functional limitations during—low-force—walking gait. To explore the potential limits imposed by the remodeled GM muscle-tendon unit (MTU) on walking gait, we examined the contractile behavior of muscle fascicles during the stance phase. In a cross-sectional design, we studied nine former patients (males; age: 45 ± 9 years; height: 180 ± 7 cm; weight: 83 ± 6 kg) with a history of complete unilateral ATR, approximately 4 years post-surgery. Using ultrasonography, GM tendon morphology, muscle architecture at rest, and fascicular behavior were assessed during walking at 1.5 m⋅s–1 on a treadmill. Walking patterns were recorded with a motion capture system. The unaffected leg served as control. Lower limbs kinematics were largely similar between legs during walking. Typical features of ATR-related MTU remodeling were observed during the stance sub-phases corresponding to series elastic element (SEE) lengthening (energy storage) and SEE shortening (energy release), with shorter GM fascicles (36 and 36%, respectively) and greater pennation angles (8° and 12°, respectively). However, relative to the optimal fascicle length for force production, fascicles operated at comparable length in both legs. Similarly, when expressed relative to optimal fascicle length, fascicle contraction velocity was not different between sides, except at the time-point of peak series elastic element (SEE) length, where it was 39 ± 49% lower in the affected leg. Concomitantly, fascicles rotation during contraction was greater in the affected leg during the whole stance-phase, and architectural gear ratios (AGR) was larger during SEE lengthening. Under the present testing conditions, former ATR patients had recovered a relatively symmetrical walking gait pattern. Differences in seen AGR seem to accommodate the profound changes in MTU architecture, limiting the required fascicle shortening velocity. Overall, the contractile behavior of the GM fascicles does not restrict length- or velocity-dependent force potentials during this locomotor task. KW - tendon rupture KW - muscle fascicle behavior KW - walking gait KW - force generation KW - ultrasound imaging Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2022.792576 SN - 1664-042X VL - 13 PB - Frontiers Research Foundation CY - Lausanne ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Stäudle, Benjamin A1 - Seynnes, Olivier A1 - Laps, Guido A1 - Göll, Fabian A1 - Brüggemann, Gert-Peter A1 - Albracht, Kirsten T1 - Recovery from achilles tendon repair: a combination of Postsurgery Outcomes and Insufficient remodeling of muscle and tendon JF - Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise N2 - Achilles tendon rupture (ATR) patients have persistent functional deficits in the triceps surae muscle–tendon unit (MTU). The complex remodeling of the MTU accompanying these deficits remains poorly understood. The purpose of the present study was to associate in vivo and in silico data to investigate the relations between changes inMTU properties and strength deficits inATR patients. Methods: Elevenmale subjects who had undergone surgical repair of complete unilateral ATR were examined 4.6 ± 2.0 (mean ± SD) yr after rupture. Gastrocnemius medialis (GM) tendon stiffness, morphology, and muscle architecture were determined using ultrasonography. The force–length relation of the plantar flexor muscles was assessed at five ankle joint angles. In addition, simulations (OpenSim) of the GM MTU force–length properties were performed with various iterations of MTU properties found between the unaffected and the affected side. Results: The affected side of the patients displayed a longer, larger, and stiffer GM tendon (13% ± 10%, 105% ± 28%, and 54% ± 24%, respectively) compared with the unaffected side. The GM muscle fascicles of the affected side were shorter (32% ± 12%) and with greater pennation angles (31% ± 26%). A mean deficit in plantarflexion moment of 31% ± 10% was measured. Simulations indicate that pairing an intact muscle with a longer tendon shifts the optimal angular range of peak force outside physiological angular ranges, whereas the shorter muscle fascicles and tendon stiffening seen in the affected side decrease this shift, albeit incompletely. Conclusions: These results suggest that the substantial changes in MTU properties found in ATR patients may partly result from compensatory remodeling, although this process appears insufficient to fully restore muscle function. KW - Tendon Rupture KW - Stiffness KW - Simulation KW - Muscle Force KW - Muscle Fascicle Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0000000000002592 SN - 1530-0315 VL - 53 IS - 7 SP - 1356 EP - 1366 PB - American College of Sports Medicine CY - Philadelphia, Pa. ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hagemann, Hans-Jürgen A1 - Bachmann, Peter K. A1 - Lade, H. A1 - Leers, D. T1 - Influence of the gas phase on diamond deposition and diamond properties. Bachmann, P. K.; Hagemann, H.J.; Lade, H.; Leers, D.; Picht, F.; Wiechert, D. U. JF - Advanced materials '94 : proceedings of the NIRIM International Symposium on Advanced Materials '94, Tsukuba, Japan, March 13 - 17, 1994 / National Institute for Research in Inorganic Materials. Ed. by M. Kamo Y1 - 1994 N1 - NIRIM International Symposium on Advanced Materials ; <1994, Tsukuba> SP - 115 EP - 120 PB - International Communications Specialists, Inc. CY - Tokyo ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Stöbe, Rolf A1 - Höfken, Hans-Wilhelm A1 - Schuba, Marko A1 - Breuer, Michael T1 - Artificial ageing of mobile devices using a simulated GSM/GPRS network T2 - Eighth International Conference on Availability, Reliability and Security (ARES) : 2-6 Sept. 2013, Regensburg Y1 - 2013 SP - 493 EP - 497 PB - IEEE ER - TY - GEN A1 - Digel, Ilya T1 - In-situ biological decontamination of an ice melting probe Y1 - 2010 N1 - 38th COSPAR Scientific Assembly. Held 18-15 July 2010, in Bremen, Germany Abstract unter https://www.cospar-assembly.org/abstractcd/OLD/COSPAR-10/abstracts/data/pdf/abstracts/F36-0013-10.pdf ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Christen, Marc A1 - Kowalski, Julia A1 - Bartelt, Perry T1 - RAMMS: Numerical simulation of dense snow avalanches in three-dimensional terrain JF - Cold Regions Science and Technology N2 - Numerical avalanche dynamics models have become an essential part of snow engineering. Coupled with field observations and historical records, they are especially helpful in understanding avalanche flow in complex terrain. However, their application poses several new challenges to avalanche engineers. A detailed understanding of the avalanche phenomena is required to construct hazard scenarios which involve the careful specification of initial conditions (release zone location and dimensions) and definition of appropriate friction parameters. The interpretation of simulation results requires an understanding of the numerical solution schemes and easy to use visualization tools. We discuss these problems by presenting the computer model RAMMS, which was specially designed by the SLF as a practical tool for avalanche engineers. RAMMS solves the depth-averaged equations governing avalanche flow with accurate second-order numerical solution schemes. The model allows the specification of multiple release zones in three-dimensional terrain. Snow cover entrainment is considered. Furthermore, two different flow rheologies can be applied: the standard Voellmy–Salm (VS) approach or a random kinetic energy (RKE) model, which accounts for the random motion and inelastic interaction between snow granules. We present the governing differential equations, highlight some of the input and output features of RAMMS and then apply the models with entrainment to simulate two well-documented avalanche events recorded at the Vallée de la Sionne test site. KW - RAMMS KW - snow KW - avalanche Y1 - 2010 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coldregions.2010.04.005 SN - 1872-7441 VL - 63 IS - 1-2 SP - 1 EP - 14 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kolditz, Melanie A1 - Albin, Thivaharan A1 - Abel, Dirk A1 - Fasse, Alessandro A1 - Brüggemann, Gert-Peter A1 - Albracht, Kirsten T1 - Evaluation of foot position and orientation as manipulated variables to control external knee adduction moments in leg extension training JF - Computer methods and programs in biomedicine N2 - Background and Objective Effective leg extension training at a leg press requires high forces, which need to be controlled to avoid training-induced damage. In order to avoid high external knee adduction moments, which are one reason for unphysiological loadings on knee joint structures, both training movements and the whole reaction force vector need to be observed. In this study, the applicability of lateral and medial changes in foot orientation and position as possible manipulated variables to control external knee adduction moments is investigated. As secondary parameters both the medio-lateral position of the center of pressure and the frontal-plane orientation of the reaction force vector are analyzed. Methods Knee adduction moments are estimated using a dynamic model of the musculoskeletal system together with the measured reaction force vector and the motion of the subject by solving the inverse kinematic and dynamic problem. Six different foot conditions with varying positions and orientations of the foot in a static leg press are evaluated and compared to a neutral foot position. Results Both lateral and medial wedges under the foot and medial and lateral shifts of the foot can influence external knee adduction moments in the presented study with six healthy subjects. Different effects are observed with the varying conditions: the pose of the leg is changed and the direction and center of pressure of the reaction force vector is influenced. Each effect results in a different direction or center of pressure of the reaction force vector. Conclusions The results allow the conclusion that foot position and orientation can be used as manipulated variables in a control loop to actively control knee adduction moments in leg extension training. KW - External knee adduction moments KW - Manipulated variables KW - Inverse dynamic problem KW - Inverse kinematic problem KW - Musculoskeletal model Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmpb.2016.09.005 SN - 0169-2607 N1 - Part of special issue: "SI: Personalised Models and System Identification" VL - 171 SP - 81 EP - 86 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Reke, Michael A1 - Peter, Daniel A1 - Schulte-Tigges, Joschua A1 - Schiffer, Stefan A1 - Ferrein, Alexander A1 - Walter, Thomas A1 - Matheis, Dominik T1 - A Self-Driving Car Architecture in ROS2 T2 - 2020 International SAUPEC/RobMech/PRASA Conference, Cape Town, South Africa N2 - In this paper we report on an architecture for a self-driving car that is based on ROS2. Self-driving cars have to take decisions based on their sensory input in real-time, providing high reliability with a strong demand in functional safety. In principle, self-driving cars are robots. However, typical robot software, in general, and the previous version of the Robot Operating System (ROS), in particular, does not always meet these requirements. With the successor ROS2 the situation has changed and it might be considered as a solution for automated and autonomous driving. Existing robotic software based on ROS was not ready for safety critical applications like self-driving cars. We propose an architecture for using ROS2 for a self-driving car that enables safe and reliable real-time behaviour, but keeping the advantages of ROS such as a distributed architecture and standardised message types. First experiments with an automated real passenger car at lower and higher speed-levels show that our approach seems feasible for autonomous driving under the necessary real-time conditions. Y1 - 2020 SN - 978-1-7281-4162-6 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/SAUPEC/RobMech/PRASA48453.2020.9041020 N1 - 2020 International SAUPEC/RobMech/PRASA Conference, 29-31 Jan. 2020, Cape Town, South Africa SP - 1 EP - 6 PB - IEEE CY - New York, NY ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Karamanidis, Kiros A1 - Albracht, Kirsten A1 - Braunstein, Bjoern A1 - Catala, Maria Moreno A1 - Goldmann, Jan-Peter A1 - Brüggemann, Gert-Peter T1 - Lower leg musculoskeletal geometry and sprint performance JF - Gait and Posture N2 - The purpose of this study was to investigate whether sprint performance is related to lower leg musculoskeletal geometry within a homogeneous group of highly trained 100-m sprinters. Using a cluster analysis, eighteen male sprinters were divided into two groups based on their personal best (fast: N = 11, 10.30 ± 0.07 s; slow: N = 7, 10.70 ± 0.08 s). Calf muscular fascicle arrangement and Achilles tendon moment arms (calculated by the gradient of tendon excursion versus ankle joint angle) were analyzed for each athlete using ultrasonography. Achilles tendon moment arm, foot and ankle skeletal geometry, fascicle arrangement as well as the ratio of fascicle length to Achilles tendon moment arm showed no significant (p > 0.05) correlation with sprint performance, nor were there any differences in the analyzed musculoskeletal parameters between the fast and slow sprinter group. Our findings provide evidence that differences in sprint ability in world-class athletes are not a result of differences in the geometrical design of the lower leg even when considering both skeletal and muscular components. Y1 - 2011 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gaitpost.2011.03.009 SN - 0966-6362 VL - 34 IS - 1 SP - 138 EP - 141 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wiegner, Jonas A1 - Volker, Hanno A1 - Mainz, Fabian A1 - Backes, Andreas A1 - Löken, Michael A1 - Hüning, Felix T1 - Wiegand-Effect-Powered Wireless IT Sensor Node N2 - With the growing interest in small distributed sensors for the “Internet of Things”, more attention is being paid to energy harvesting techologies. Reducing or eliminating the need for external power sources or batteries make devices more self-sufficient, more reliable, and reduces maintenance requirements. The Wiegand effect is a proven technology for harvesting small amounts of electrical power from mechanical motion. Y1 - 2022 N1 - PSMA International Energy Harvesting Workshop ~ 5-7 April 2022, Raleigh, NC, USA ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Kolditz, Melanie A1 - Albracht, Kirsten A1 - Fasse, Alessandro A1 - Albin, Thivaharan A1 - Brüggemann, Gert-Peter A1 - Abel, Dirk T1 - Evaluation of an industrial robot as a leg press training device T2 - XV International Symposium on Computer Simulation in Biomechanics July 9th – 11th 2015, Edinburgh, UK Y1 - 2015 SP - 41 EP - 42 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Kolditz, Melanie A1 - Albin, Thivaharan A1 - Fasse, Alessandro A1 - Brüggemann, Gert-Peter A1 - Abel, Dirk A1 - Albracht, Kirsten T1 - Simulative Analysis of Joint Loading During Leg Press Exercise for Control Applications T2 - IFAC-PapersOnLine Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ifacol.2015.10.179 N1 - IFAC-PapersOnLine 48-20; Conference Paper Archive VL - 48 IS - 20 SP - 435 EP - 440 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Saretzki, Charlotte A1 - Bergmann, Ole A1 - Dahmann, Peter A1 - Janser, Frank A1 - Keimer, Jona A1 - Machado, Patricia A1 - Morrison, Audry A1 - Page, Henry A1 - Pluta, Emil A1 - Stübing, Felix A1 - Küpper, Thomas T1 - Are small airplanes safe with regards to COVID-19 transmission? JF - Journal of Travel Medicine Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1093/jtm/taab105 SN - 1708-8305 VL - 28 IS - 7 PB - Oxford University Press CY - Oxford ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Möhren, Felix A1 - Bergmann, Ole A1 - Janser, Frank A1 - Braun, Carsten T1 - On the determination of harmonic propeller loads T2 - AIAA SCITECH 2023 Forum N2 - Dynamic loads significantly impact the structural design of propeller blades due to fatigue and static strength. Since propellers are elastic structures, deformations and aerodynamic loads are coupled. In the past, propeller manufacturers established procedures to determine unsteady aerodynamic loads and the structural response with analytical steady-state calculations. According to the approach, aeroelastic coupling primarily consists of torsional deformations. They neglect bending deformations, deformation velocities, and inertia terms. This paper validates the assumptions above for a General Aviation propeller and a lift propeller for urban air mobility or large cargo drones. Fully coupled reduced-order simulations determine the dynamic loads in the time domain. A quasi-steady blade element momentum approach transfers loads to one-dimensional finite beam elements. The simulation results are in relatively good agreement with the analytical method for the General Aviation propeller but show increasing errors for the slender lift propeller. The analytical approach is modified to consider the induced velocities. Still, inertia and velocity proportional terms play a significant role for the lift propeller due to increased elasticity. The assumption that only torsional deformations significantly impact the dynamic loads of propellers is not valid. Adequate determination of dynamic loads of such designs requires coupled aeroelastic simulations or advanced analytical procedures. Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.2514/6.2023-2404 N1 - AIAA SCITECH 2023 Forum, 23-27 January 2023, National Harbor, Md & Online PB - AIAA ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Braunstein, Bjoern A1 - Goldmann, Jan-Peter A1 - Albracht, Kirsten A1 - Sanno, Maximilian A1 - Willwacher, Steffen A1 - Heinrich, Kai A1 - Herrmann, Volker A1 - Brüggemann, Gert-Peter T1 - Joint specific contribution of mechanical power and work during acceleration and top speed in elite sprinters T2 - 31 International Conference on Biomechanics in Sports, Taipei, Taiwan, July 07 - July 22, 2013 Y1 - 2013 SN - 1999-4168 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Droszez, Anna A1 - Sanno, Maximilian A1 - Goldmann, Jan-Peter A1 - Albracht, Kirsten A1 - Brüggemann, Gert-Peter A1 - Braunstein, Bjoern T1 - Differences between take-off behavior during vertical jumps and two artistic elements T2 - 34th International Conference of Biomechanics in Sport, Tsukuba, Japan, July 18-22, 2016 Y1 - 2016 SN - 1999-4168 SP - 577 EP - 580 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kozhalakova, A. A. A1 - Zhubanova, Azhar A. A1 - Mansurov, Z. A. A1 - Digel, Ilya A1 - Tazhibayeva, S. M. A1 - Artmann, Gerhard A1 - Temiz Artmann, Aysegül T1 - Adsorption of bacterial lipopolysaccharides on carbonized rice shell JF - Science of Central Asia Y1 - 2010 SP - 50 EP - 54 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Bergmann, Ole A1 - Möhren, Felix A1 - Braun, Carsten A1 - Janser, Frank T1 - On the influence of elasticity on swept propeller noise JF - AIAA SCITECH 2023 Forum N2 - High aerodynamic efficiency requires propellers with high aspect ratios, while propeller sweep potentially reduces noise. Propeller sweep and high aspect ratios increase elasticity and coupling of structural mechanics and aerodynamics, affecting the propeller performance and noise. Therefore, this paper analyzes the influence of elasticity on forward-swept, backward-swept, and unswept propellers in hover conditions. A reduced-order blade element momentum approach is coupled with a one-dimensional Timoshenko beam theory and Farassat's formulation 1A. The results of the aeroelastic simulation are used as input for the aeroacoustic calculation. The analysis shows that elasticity influences noise radiation because thickness and loading noise respond differently to deformations. In the case of the backward-swept propeller, the location of the maximum sound pressure level shifts forward by 0.5 °, while in the case of the forward-swept propeller, it shifts backward by 0.5 °. Therefore, aeroacoustic optimization requires the consideration of propeller deformation. Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.2514/6.2023-0210 N1 - Session: Propeller, Open Rotor, and Rotorcraft Noise II AIAA SCITECH 2023 Forum, 23-27 January 2023, National Harbor, MD & Online PB - AIAA CY - Reston, Va. ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Ferrein, Alexander T1 - Robot controllers for highly dynamic environments with real-time constraints JF - Künstliche Intelligenz : KI N2 - In this extended abstract we describe the robot programming and planning language READYLOG, a GOLOG dialect which was developed to support the decision making of robots acting in dynamic real-time domains like robotic soccer. The formal framework of READYLOG, which is based on the situation calculus, features imperative control structures like loops and procedures, allows for decision-theoretic planning, and accounts for a continuously changing world. We developed high-level controllers in READYLOG for our soccer robots in RoboCup’s Middle-size league, but also for service robots and for autonomous agents in interactive computer games. Y1 - 2010 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s13218-010-0041-3 SN - 1610-1987 VL - 24 IS - 2 SP - 175 EP - 178 PB - Springer CY - Heidelberg ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Yang, Peng-Fei A1 - Kriechbaumer, Andreas A1 - Albracht, Kirsten A1 - Sanno, Maximilian A1 - Ganse, Bergita A1 - Koy, Timmo A1 - Shang, Peng A1 - Brüggemann, Gert-Peter A1 - Müller, Lars Peter A1 - Rittweger, Jörn T1 - On the relationship between tibia torsional deformation and regional muscle contractions in habitual human exercises in vivo JF - Journal of Biomechanics Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiomech.2014.12.031 SN - 0021-9290 VL - 48 IS - 3 SP - 456 EP - 464 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Rens, Gavin A1 - Varzinczak, Ivan A1 - Meyer, Thomas A1 - Ferrein, Alexander T1 - A Logic for Reasoning about Actions and Explicit Observations JF - AI 2010: Advances in Artificial Intelligence 23rd Australasian Joint Conference, Adelaide, Australia, December 7-10, 2010. Proceedings Y1 - 2010 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-17432-2_40 N1 - Lecture Notes in Computer Science ; 6464 SP - 395 EP - 404 PB - Springer CY - Berlin ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Funke, Harald A1 - Robinson, A. E. A1 - Hendrick, P. A1 - Wagemakers, R. T1 - Design and Testing of a Micromix Combustor With Recuperative Wall Cooling for a Hydrogen Fuelled µ-Scale Gas Turbine JF - Proceedings of the ASME Turbo Expo 2010 : presented at the 2010 ASME Turbo Expo, June 14 - 18, 2010, Glasgow, UK / sponsored by the International Gas Turbine Institute / Vol. 5: Industrial and cogeneration ; microturbines and small turbomachinery ; oil and gas applications ; wind turbine technology Y1 - 2010 SN - 978-0-7918-4400-7 N1 - GT2010-23453 ; ASME Turbo Expo ; (Glasgow) : 2010.06.14-18 SP - 587 EP - 596 PB - ASME CY - New York, NY ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Ferrein, Alexander T1 - golog.lua: Towards a Non-Prolog Implementation of Golog for Embedded Systems Y1 - 2010 SP - 20 EP - 28 PB - AAAI CY - Menlo Park ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Belavy, Daniel L. A1 - Albracht, Kirsten A1 - Brüggemann, Gert-Peter A1 - Vergroesen, Pieter-Paul A. A1 - Dieen, Jaap H. van T1 - Can exercise positively influence the intervertebral disc? JF - Sports Medicine N2 - To better understand what kinds of sports and exercise could be beneficial for the intervertebral disc (IVD), we performed a review to synthesise the literature on IVD adaptation with loading and exercise. The state of the literature did not permit a systematic review; therefore, we performed a narrative review. The majority of the available data come from cell or whole-disc loading models and animal exercise models. However, some studies have examined the impact of specific sports on IVD degeneration in humans and acute exercise on disc size. Based on the data available in the literature, loading types that are likely beneficial to the IVD are dynamic, axial, at slow to moderate movement speeds, and of a magnitude experienced in walking and jogging. Static loading, torsional loading, flexion with compression, rapid loading, high-impact loading and explosive tasks are likely detrimental for the IVD. Reduced physical activity and disuse appear to be detrimental for the IVD. We also consider the impact of genetics and the likelihood of a ‘critical period’ for the effect of exercise in IVD development. The current review summarises the literature to increase awareness amongst exercise, rehabilitation and ergonomic professionals regarding IVD health and provides recommendations on future directions in research. KW - Intradiscal Pressure KW - Annulus Fibrosus KW - Disc Degeneration KW - Nucleus Pulposus KW - Intervertebral Disc Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-015-0444-2 SN - 1179-2035 VL - 46 IS - 4 SP - 473 EP - 485 PB - Springer CY - Berlin ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Yang, Peng-Fei A1 - Kriechbaumer, Andreas A1 - Albracht, Kirsten A1 - Sanno, Maximilian A1 - Ganse, Bergita A1 - Koy, Timmo A1 - Shang, Peng A1 - Brüggemann, Gert-Peter A1 - Müller, Lars Peter A1 - Rittweger, Jörn T1 - A novel optical approach for assessing in vivo bone segment deformation and its application in muscle-bone relationship studies in humans JF - Journal of Orthopaedic Translation Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jot.2014.07.078 SN - 2214-0328 SN - 2214-031X VL - 2 IS - 4 SP - 238 EP - 238 PB - Elsevier CY - Singapore ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Schnell, Michael A1 - Brandes, Sinja A1 - Gligorevic, Snjezana A1 - Walter, Michael A1 - Rihacek, Christoph A1 - Sajatovic, Miodrag A1 - Haindl, Bernhard T1 - Interference mitigation for broadband L-DACS T2 - 27th IEEE/AIAA Digital Avionics Systems Conference : DASC 2008 : 26-30 Oct. 2008, St. Paul, Minn. Y1 - 2008 SN - 978-1-4244-2207-4 ; 978-1-4244-2208-1 SP - 2B2-1 EP - 2B2-12 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Broenner, Simon A1 - Höfken, Hans-Wilhelm A1 - Schuba, Marko T1 - Streamlining extraction and analysis of android RAM images T2 - Proceedings of the 2nd international conference on information systems security and privacy Y1 - 2016 SN - 978-989-758-167-0 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5220/0005652802550264 SP - 255 EP - 264 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Goldmann, Jan-Peter A1 - Braunstein, Bjoern A1 - Heinrich, Kai A1 - Sanno, Maximilian A1 - Stäudle, Benjamin A1 - Ritzdorf, Wolfgang A1 - Brüggemann, Gert-Peter A1 - Albracht, Kirsten T1 - Joint work of the take-off leg during elite high jump T2 - Proceedings of the 33th International Conference on Biomechanics in Sports (ISBS) Y1 - 2015 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Atmane, Ilias A1 - Hirech, Kamal A1 - Kassmi, K. A1 - Mahdi, Zahra A1 - Alexopoulos, Spiros A1 - Schwarzer, Klemens A1 - Chayeb, H. A1 - Bachiri, Najib ED - Omrane, Amina ED - Kassmi, Khalil ED - Akram, Muhammad Wasim ED - Khanna, Ashish ED - Mostafiz, Imtiaz T1 - Design and realization of a pilot solar desalination plant in Douar El Hamri in the province of Berkane (Morocco) T2 - Sustainable entrepreneurship, renewable energy-based projects, and digitalization N2 - Producing fresh water from saline water has become one of the most difficult challenges to overcome especially with the high demand and shortage of fresh water. In this context, as part of a collaboration with Germany, the authors propose a design and implementation of a pilot multi-stage solar desalination system (MSD), remotely controlled, at Douar Al Hamri in the rural town of Boughriba in the province of Berkane, Morocco. More specifically, they present their contribution on the remote control and supervision system, which makes the functioning of the MSD system reliable and guarantees the production of drinking water for the population of Douar. The results obtained show that the electronic cards and computer communication software implemented allow the acquisition of all electrical (currents, voltages, powers, yields), thermal (temperatures of each stage), and meteorological (irradiance and ambient temperature), remote control and maintenance (switching on, off, data transfer). By comparing with the literature carried out in the field of solar energy, the authors conclude that the MSD and electronic desalination systems realized during this work represent a contribution in terms of the reliability and durability of providing drinking water in rural and urban areas. Y1 - 2020 SN - 9781000292541 (E-Book) SN - 9781003097921 (E-Book) SN - 9780367468378 (Hardcover) PB - CRC Press CY - Boca Raton, Fa. ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Ribitsch, D. A1 - Heumann, S. A1 - Trotscha, E. A1 - Herrero Acero, E. A1 - Greimel, K. A1 - Leber, R. A1 - Birner-Gruenberger, R. A1 - Deller, S. A1 - Eiteljoerg, I. A1 - Remler, P. A1 - Weber, Th. A1 - Siegert, Petra A1 - Maurer, Karl-Heinz A1 - Donelli, I. A1 - Freddi, G. A1 - Schwab, H. A1 - Guebitz, G. M. T1 - Hydrolysis of polyethyleneterephthalate by p-nitrobenzylesterase from Bacillus subtilis JF - Biotechnology progress Y1 - 2011 SN - 1520-6033 (E-Journal); 8756-7938 (Print) VL - Vol. 27 IS - Iss. 4 SP - 951 EP - 960 PB - Wiley CY - Hoboken ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Abel, Thomas A1 - Bonin, Dominik A1 - Albracht, Kirsten A1 - Zeller, Sebastian A1 - Brüggemann, Gert-Peter A1 - Burkett, Brendan A1 - Strüder, Heiko K. T1 - Kinematic profile of the elite handcyclist T2 - 28th International Conference on Biomechanics in Sports, Marquette, Michigan, USA, July 19 – 23, 2010 Y1 - 2017 SN - 1999-4168 SP - 140 EP - 141 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wilson, Thomas L. A1 - Blome, Hans-Joachim A1 - LaFave, Norman T1 - Astrophysical Cosmology Using a Lunar Ligo JF - Engineering, construction, and operations in space V : proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on Space '96, Albuquerque, New Mexico, June 1-6, 1996 / sponsored by Aerospace Division of the American Society of Civil Engineers ... [et al.]; edite Y1 - 1996 SN - 0-7844-0177-2 SP - 861 EP - 863 PB - The Society CY - New York ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Beging, Stefan A1 - Poghossian, Arshak A1 - Mlynek, D. A1 - Hataihimakul, S. A1 - Pedraza, A. A1 - Dhawan, S. A1 - Laube, N. A1 - Kleinen, Lisa A1 - Baldsiefen, Gerhard A1 - Busch, Heinrich von A1 - Schöning, Michael Josef T1 - Ion-selective sensors for the determination of the risk of urinary stone formation T2 - Micro- and Nanosystems in biochemical diagnosis : Principles and applications Y1 - 2010 SP - 74 EP - 80 CY - Warsaw ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Lindenlauf, Simon A1 - Höfken, Hans-Wilhelm A1 - Schuba, Marko T1 - Cold Boot Attacks on DDR2 and DDR3 SDRAM T2 - 10th International Conference on Availability, Reliability and Security (ARES) 2015 Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/ARES.2015.28 SP - 287 EP - 292 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Granat, Andreas A1 - Höfken, Hans-Wilhelm A1 - Schuba, Marko T1 - Intrusion Detection of the ICS Protocol EtherCAT N2 - Control mechanisms like Industrial Controls Systems (ICS) and its subgroup SCADA (Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition) are a prerequisite to automate industrial processes. While protection of ICS on process management level is relatively straightforward – well known office IT security mechanisms can be used – protection on field bus level is harder to achieve as there are real-time and production requirements like 24x7 to consider. One option to improve security on field bus level is to introduce controls that help to detect and to react on attacks. This paper introduces an initial set of intrusion detection mechanisms for the field bus protocol EtherCAT. To this end existing Ethernet attack vectors including packet injection and man-in-the-middle attacks are tested in an EtherCAT environment, where they could interrupt the EtherCAT network and may even cause physical damage. Based on the signatures of such attacks, a preprocessor and new rule options are defined for the open source intrusion detection system Snort demonstrating the general feasibility of intrusion detection on field bus level. Y1 - 2017 N1 - International Conference on Computer, Network Security and Communication Engineering (CNSCE 2017), March 26-27, 2017, Bangkok, Thailand SP - 1 EP - 5 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Baumann, Marcus A1 - Lara, R.J. A1 - Hubberten, D.N. A1 - Thomas, D. N. T1 - Dissolved organic matter studies in enclosed systems: Application of hydophobic fractionation for the assessment of organic nitrogen dynamics / Lara, R.J. ; Hubberten, U. ; Thomas, D.N. ; Baumann, M.E.M. ; Kattner, G. JF - Journal of Marine Systems. 13 (1997), H. 1-4 Y1 - 1997 SN - 0924-7963 SP - 155 EP - 161 ER -