TY  - JOUR
A1  - Heuermann, Holger
A1  - Emmrich, Thomas
A1  - Bongartz, Simon
T1  - Microwave spark plug to support ignitions with high compression ratios
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science
N2  - Upcoming gasoline engines should run with a larger number of fuels beginning from petrol over methanol up to gas by a wide range of compression ratios and a homogeneous charge. In this article, the microwave (MW) spark plug, based on a high-speed frequency hopping system, is introduced as a solution, which can support a nitrogen compression ratio up to 1:39 in a chamber and more. First, an overview of the high-speed frequency hopping MW ignition and operation system as well as the large number of applications are presented. Both gives an understanding of this new base technology for MW plasma generation. Focus of the theoretical part is the explanation of the internal construction of the spark plug, on the achievable of the high voltage generation as well as the high efficiency to hold the plasma. In detail, the development process starting with circuit simulations and ending with the numerical multiphysics field simulations is described. The concept is evaluated with a reference prototype covering the frequency range between 2.40 and 2.48 GHz and working over a large power range from 20 to 200 W. A larger number of different measurements starting by vector hot-S11 measurements and ending by combined working scenarios out of hot temperature, high pressure and charge motion are winding up the article. The limits for the successful pressure tests were given by the pressure chamber. Pressures ranged from 1 to 39 bar and charge motion up to 25 m/s as well as temperatures from 30◦ to 125◦.
KW  - Automotive application
KW  - ignition
KW  - microplasma
KW  - microwave (MW) plasma
KW  - plasma jet
Y1  - 2022
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/TPS.2022.3183690
SN  - 1939-9375
IS  - Early Access
SP  - 1
EP  - 6
PB  - IEEE
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Ostkotte, Sebastian
A1  - Peters, Constantin
A1  - Hüning, Felix
A1  - Bragard, Michael
T1  - Design, implementation and verification of an rotational incremental position encoder based on the magnetic Wiegand effect
T2  - 2022 ELEKTRO (ELEKTRO)
N2  - This paper covers the use of the magnetic Wiegand effect to design an innovative incremental encoder. First, a theoretical design is given, followed by an estimation of the achievable accuracy and an optimization in open-loop operation.
Finally, a successful experimental verification is presented. For this purpose, a permanent magnet synchronous machine is controlled in a field-oriented manner, using the angle information of the prototype.
KW  - Position Encoder
KW  - Rotational Encoder
KW  - Wiegand Effect
KW  - Angle Sensor
KW  - Incremental Encoder
Y1  - 2022
SN  - 978-1-6654-6726-1
SN  - 978-1-6654-6727-8
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ELEKTRO53996.2022.9803477
SN  - 2691-0616
N1  - 2022 ELEKTRO (ELEKTRO), 23-26 Mai 2022, Krakow, Poland.
PB  - IEEE
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Schuba, Marko
A1  - Höfken, Hans-Wilhelm
T1  - Cybersicherheit in Produktion, Automotive und intelligenten Gebäuden
T2  - IT-Sicherheit - Technologien und Best Practices für die Umsetzung im Unternehmen
Y1  - 2022
SN  - 978-3-446-47223-5
SN  - 978-3-446-47347-8
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.3139/9783446473478.012
SP  - 193
EP  - 218
PB  - Carl Hanser Verlag
CY  - München
ER  -