TY - CHAP A1 - Akimbekov, Nuraly S. A1 - Digel, Ilya A1 - Razzaque, Mohammed S. T1 - Role of vitamins in maintaining structure and function of intestinal microbiome T2 - Comprehensive Gut Microbiota N2 - The recent advances in microbiology have shed light on understanding the role of vitamins beyond the nutritional range. Vitamins are critical in contributing to healthy biodiversity and maintaining the proper function of gut microbiota. The sharing of vitamins among bacterial populations promotes stability in community composition and diversity; however, this balance becomes disturbed in various pathologies. Here, we overview and analyze the ability of different vitamins to selectively and specifically induce changes in the intestinal microbial community. Some schemes and regularities become visible, which may provide new insights and avenues for therapeutic management and functional optimization of the gut microbiota. KW - Vitamin A KW - Vitamin B KW - Thiamine KW - Riboflavin KW - Niacin Y1 - 2022 SN - 978-0-12-822036-8 U6 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-819265-8.00043-7 SP - 320 EP - 334 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Akimbekov, Nuraly S. A1 - Digel, Ilya A1 - Sherelkhan, Dinara K. A1 - Razzaque, Mohammed S. T1 - Vitamin D and Phosphate Interactions in Health and Disease T2 - Phosphate Metabolism N2 - Vitamin D plays an essential role in calcium and inorganic phosphate (Pi) homeostasis, maintaining their optimal levels to assure adequate bone mineralization. Vitamin D, as calcitriol (1,25(OH)2D), not only increases intestinal calcium and phosphate absorption but also facilitates their renal reabsorption, leading to elevated serum calcium and phosphate levels. The interaction of 1,25(OH)2D with its receptor (VDR) increases the efficiency of intestinal absorption of calcium to 30–40% and phosphate to nearly 80%. Serum phosphate levels can also influence 1,25 (OH)2D and fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) levels, i.e., higher phosphate concentrations suppress vitamin D activation and stimulate parathyroid hormone (PTH) release, while a high FGF23 serum level leads to reduced vitamin D synthesis. In the vitamin D-deficient state, the intestinal calcium absorption decreases and the secretion of PTH increases, which in turn causes the stimulation of 1,25(OH)2D production, resulting in excessive urinary phosphate loss. Maintenance of phosphate homeostasis is essential as hyperphosphatemia is a risk factor of cardiovascular calcification, chronic kidney diseases (CKD), and premature aging, while hypophosphatemia is usually associated with rickets and osteomalacia. This chapter elaborates on the possible interactions between vitamin D and phosphate in health and disease. KW - Vitamin D KW - PTH KW - Phosphate KW - FGF23 KW - Klotho Y1 - 2022 SN - 978-3-030-91621-3 U6 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-91623-7_5 SP - 37 EP - 46 PB - Springer CY - Cham ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Akimbekov, Nuraly A1 - Zhanadilovna, Abdieva G. A1 - Ualieva, Perizat S. A1 - Abaihanovna, Zhusipova D. A1 - Digel, Ilya A1 - Savitskaya, Irina S. A1 - Zhubanova, Azhar Achmet T1 - Functionalization of Carbon Based Wound Dressings with Antimicrobial Phytoextracts for Bioactive Treatment of Septic Wounds T2 - Carbon Nanomaterials in Biomedicine and the Environment N2 - The treatment of septic wounds with curative dressings based on biocomposites containing sage and marigold phytoextracts was effective in in vitro and in vivo experiments. These dressings caused the purification of the wound surface from purulent-necrotic masses three days earlier than in the other experimental groups. The consequence of an increase in incidents of severe course of the wound and the observed tendency to increase the number of adverse effects is the development of long-term recurrent wound processes. To treat purulent wounds, the following tactics were used: The purulent wounds of animals were covered with the examined wound dressing, and then the next day samples were taken, the procedure was performed once in 2 days. To obtain the active nanostructured sorbents such as carbonized rice husks, they are functionalized with biologically active components possessing antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antitoxic, immunomodulating, antiallergic and other types of properties. Y1 - 2020 SN - 978-981-4800-27-3 U6 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780429428647-11 SP - 211 EP - 228 PB - Jenny Stanford Publishing CY - Singapore ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Alexopoulos, Spiros T1 - Biomass technology and bio-fuels: Heating/cooling and power T2 - Renewable energy systems : theory, innovations, and intelligent applications / eds.: Socrates Kaplanis and Eleni Kaplani Y1 - 2013 SN - 9781624177415 SP - 501 EP - 523 PB - Nova Science Publ. CY - Hauppauge, NY ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Alhwarin, Faraj A1 - Ferrein, Alexander A1 - Scholl, Ingrid T1 - IR stereo kinect: improving depth images by combining structured light with IR stereo T2 - PRICAI 2014: Trends in artificial intelligence : 13th Pacific Rim International Conference on Artificial Intelligence : Gold Coast, QLD, Australia, December 1-5, 2014 : proceedings. (Lecture notes in computer science ; vol. 8862) N2 - RGB-D sensors such as the Microsoft Kinect or the Asus Xtion are inexpensive 3D sensors. A depth image is computed by calculating the distortion of a known infrared light (IR) pattern which is projected into the scene. While these sensors are great devices they have some limitations. The distance they can measure is limited and they suffer from reflection problems on transparent, shiny, or very matte and absorbing objects. If more than one RGB-D camera is used the IR patterns interfere with each other. This results in a massive loss of depth information. In this paper, we present a simple and powerful method to overcome these problems. We propose a stereo RGB-D camera system which uses the pros of RGB-D cameras and combine them with the pros of stereo camera systems. The idea is to utilize the IR images of each two sensors as a stereo pair to generate a depth map. The IR patterns emitted by IR projectors are exploited here to enhance the dense stereo matching even if the observed objects or surfaces are texture-less or transparent. The resulting disparity map is then fused with the depth map offered by the RGB-D sensor to fill the regions and the holes that appear because of interference, or due to transparent or reflective objects. Our results show that the density of depth information is increased especially for transparent, shiny or matte objects. Y1 - 2014 SN - 978-3-319-13559-5 (Print) ; 978-3-319-13560-1 (E-Book) U6 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-13560-1_33 SP - 409 EP - 421 PB - Springer CY - München ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Altay, Okyay A1 - Taddei, Francesca A1 - Butenweg, Christoph A1 - Klinkel, Sven T1 - Vibration mitigation of wind turbine towers with tuned mass dampers T2 - Wind turbine control and monitoring. (Advances in industrial control) N2 - Because of its minor environmental impact, electricity generation using wind power is getting remarkable. The further growth of the wind industry depends on technological solutions to the challenges in production and construction of the turbines. Wind turbine tower vibrations, which limit power generation efficiency and cause fatigue problems with high maintenance costs, count as one of the main structural difficulties in the wind energy sector. To mitigate tower vibrations auxiliary measures are necessary. The effectiveness of tuned mass damper is verified by means of a numeric study on a 5 MW onshore reference wind turbine. Hereby, also seismic-induced vibrations and soil–structure interaction are considered. Acquired results show that tuned mass damper can effectively reduce resonant tower vibrations and improve the fatigue life of wind turbines. This chapter is also concerned with tuned liquid column damper and a semiactive application of it. Due to its geometric versatility and low prime costs, tuned liquid column dampers are a good alternative to other damping measures, in particular for slender structures like wind turbines. Y1 - 2014 SN - 978-3-319-08412-1 (Print) ; 978-3-319-08413-8 (E-Book) U6 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-08413-8_12 SP - 337 EP - 373 PB - Springer CY - Cham ; Heidelberg ; New York ; Dordrecht ; London ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Altherr, Lena A1 - Dörig, Bastian A1 - Ederer, Thorsten A1 - Pelz, Peter Franz A1 - Pfetsch, Marc A1 - Wolf, Jan T1 - A mixed-integer nonlinear program for the design of gearboxes T2 - Operations Research Proceedings 2016 N2 - Gearboxes are mechanical transmission systems that provide speed and torque conversions from a rotating power source. Being a central element of the drive train, they are relevant for the efficiency and durability of motor vehicles. In this work, we present a new approach for gearbox design: Modeling the design problem as a mixed-integer nonlinear program (MINLP) allows us to create gearbox designs from scratch for arbitrary requirements and—given enough time—to compute provably globally optimal designs for a given objective. We show how different degrees of freedom influence the runtime and present an exemplary solution. Y1 - 2017 SN - 978-3-319-55701-4 U6 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-55702-1_31 SP - 227 EP - 233 PB - Springer CY - Cham ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Altherr, Lena A1 - Ederer, Thorsten A1 - Lorenz, Ulf A1 - Pelz, Peter F. A1 - Pöttgen, Philipp ED - Lübbecke, Marco E. ED - Koster, Arie ED - Letmathe, Peter ED - Madlener, Reihard ED - Preis, Britta ED - Walther, Grit T1 - Designing a feedback control system via mixed-integer programming T2 - Operations Research Proceedings 2014: Selected Papers of the Annual International Conference of the German Operations Research N2 - Pure analytical or experimental methods can only find a control strategy for technical systems with a fixed setup. In former contributions we presented an approach that simultaneously finds the optimal topology and the optimal open-loop control of a system via Mixed Integer Linear Programming (MILP). In order to extend this approach by a closed-loop control we present a Mixed Integer Program for a time discretized tank level control. This model is the basis for an extension by combinatorial decisions and thus for the variation of the network topology. Furthermore, one is able to appraise feasible solutions using the global optimality gap. KW - Optimal Topology KW - Controller Parameter KW - Level Control System KW - Technical Operation Research KW - Optimal Closed Loop Y1 - 2016 SN - 978-3-319-28695-2 U6 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-28697-6_18 SP - 121 EP - 127 PB - Springer CY - Cham ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Altherr, Lena A1 - Leise, Philipp T1 - Resilience as a concept for mastering uncertainty T2 - Mastering Uncertainty in Mechanical Engineering Y1 - 2021 SN - 978-3-030-78353-2 U6 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-78354-9 N1 - Unterkapitel 6.3.1 des Kapitels "Strategies for Mastering Uncertainty" SP - 412 EP - 417 PB - Springer CY - Cham ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Altherr, Lena A1 - Leise, Philipp A1 - Pfetsch, Marc E. A1 - Schmitt, Andreas T1 - Optimal design of resilient technical systems on the example of water supply systems T2 - Mastering Uncertainty in Mechanical Engineering Y1 - 2021 SN - 978-3-030-78356-3 N1 - Unterkapitel des Kapitels "Strategies for Mastering Uncertainty" SP - 429 EP - 433 PB - Springer CY - Cham ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Artmann, Gerhard A1 - Meruvu, Haritha A1 - Kizildag, Sefa A1 - Temiz Artmann, Aysegül ED - Artmann, Gerhard ED - Temiz Artmann, Aysegül ED - Zhubanova, Azhar A. ED - Digel, Ilya T1 - Functional Toxicology and Pharmacology Test of Cell Induced Mechanical Tensile Stress in 2D and 3D Tissue Cultures T2 - Biological, Physical and Technical Basics of Cell Engineering N2 - Mechanical forces/tensile stresses are critical determinants of cellular growth, differentiation and migration patterns in health and disease. The innovative “CellDrum technology” was designed for measuring mechanical tensile stress of cultured cell monolayers/thin tissue constructs routinely. These are cultivated on very thin silicone membranes in the so-called CellDrum. The cell layers adhere firmly to the membrane and thus transmit the cell forces generated. A CellDrum consists of a cylinder which is sealed from below with a 4 μm thick, biocompatible, functionalized silicone membrane. The weight of cell culture medium bulbs the membrane out downwards. Membrane indentation is measured. When cells contract due to drug action, membrane, cells and medium are lifted upwards. The induced indentation changes allow for lateral drug induced mechanical tension quantification of the micro-tissues. With hiPS-induced (human) Cardiomyocytes (CM) the CellDrum opens new perspectives of individualized cardiac drug testing. Here, monolayers of self-beating hiPS-CMs were grown in CellDrums. Rhythmic contractions of the hiPS-cells induce membrane up-and-down deflections. The recorded cycles allow for single beat amplitude, single beat duration, integration of the single beat amplitude over the beat time and frequency analysis. Dose effects of agonists and antagonists acting on Ca2+ channels were sensitively and highly reproducibly observed. Data were consistent with published reference data as far as they were available. The combination of the CellDrum technology with hiPS-Cardiomyocytes offers a fast, facile and precise system for pharmacological and toxicological studies. It allows new preclinical basic as well as applied research in pharmacolgy and toxicology. Y1 - 2018 SN - 978-981-10-7904-7 U6 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-7904-7_7 SP - 157 EP - 192 PB - Springer CY - Singapore ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Azat, Seitkhan A1 - Kerimkulova, Almagul R. A1 - Mansurov, Zulkhair A. A1 - Adekenov, Sergazy A1 - Artmann, Gerhard T1 - The Use of Fusicoccin as Anticancer Compound T2 - Carbon Nanomaterials in Biomedicine and the Environment N2 - The problem of creation and use of sorption materials is of current interest for the practice of the modern medicine and agriculture. Practical importance is production of a biostimulant using a carbon sorbent for a significant increase in productivity, which is very relevant for the regions of Kazakhstan. It is known that a plant phytohormone—fusicoccin—in nanogram concentrations transforms cancer cells to the state of apoptosis. In this regard, there is a scientific practical interest in the development of a highly efficient method for producing fusicoccin from extract of germinated wheat seeds. According to the results of computer modeling, cleaning composite components of fusicoccin using microporous carbon adsorbents not suitable as the size of the molecule of fusicoccin more than micropores and the optimum pore size for purification of constituents of fusicoccin was determined by computer simulation. Y1 - 2020 SN - 978-0-429-42864-7 U6 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780429428647-8 SP - 149 EP - 172 PB - Jenny Stanford Publishing CY - New York ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Baier, Ralph A1 - Brauner, Philipp A1 - Brillowski, Florian A1 - Dammers, Hannah A1 - Liehner, Luca A1 - Pütz, Sebastian A1 - Schneider, Sebastian A1 - Schollemann, Alexander A1 - Steuer-Dankert, Linda A1 - Vervier, Luisa A1 - Gries, Thomas A1 - Leicht-Scholten, Carmen A1 - Mertens, Alexander A1 - Nagel, Saskia K. A1 - Schuh, Günther A1 - Ziefle, Martina A1 - Nitsch, Verena ED - Brecher, Christian ED - Schuh, Günther ED - van der Alst, Wil ED - Jarke, Matthias ED - Piller, Frank T. ED - Padberg, Melanie T1 - Human-centered work design for the internet of production T2 - Internet of production - fundamentals, applications and proceedings N2 - Like all preceding transformations of the manufacturing industry, the large-scale usage of production data will reshape the role of humans within the sociotechnical production ecosystem. To ensure that this transformation creates work systems in which employees are empowered, productive, healthy, and motivated, the transformation must be guided by principles of and research on human-centered work design. Specifically, measures must be taken at all levels of work design, ranging from (1) the work tasks to (2) the working conditions to (3) the organizational level and (4) the supra-organizational level. We present selected research across all four levels that showcase the opportunities and requirements that surface when striving for human-centered work design for the Internet of Production (IoP). (1) On the work task level, we illustrate the user-centered design of human-robot collaboration (HRC) and process planning in the composite industry as well as user-centered design factors for cognitive assistance systems. (2) On the working conditions level, we present a newly developed framework for the classification of HRC workplaces. (3) Moving to the organizational level, we show how corporate data can be used to facilitate best practice sharing in production networks, and we discuss the implications of the IoP for new leadership models. Finally, (4) on the supra-organizational level, we examine overarching ethical dimensions, investigating, e.g., how the new work contexts affect our understanding of responsibility and normative values such as autonomy and privacy. Overall, these interdisciplinary research perspectives highlight the importance and necessary scope of considering the human factor in the IoP. KW - Responsibility KW - Privacy KW - Digital leadership KW - Best practice sharing KW - Cognitive assistance system KW - Human-robot collaboration KW - Human-centered work design Y1 - 2023 SN - 978-3-030-98062-7 U6 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-98062-7_19-1 N1 - Part of the book series: Interdisciplinary Excellence Accelerator Series (IDEAS) SP - 1 EP - 23 PB - Springer CY - Cham ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Ballmann, Josef A1 - Boucke, Alexander A1 - Braun, Carsten T1 - Aeroelastic sensitivity in the transonic regime T2 - Symposium Transsonicum IV : proceedings of the IUTAM symposium held in Göttingen, Germany, 2 - 6 September 2002 / ed. by Helmut Sobieczky. Fluid mechanics and its applications. Vol. 73 Y1 - 2003 SN - 978-94-010-3998-7 SP - 225 EP - 236 PB - Kluwer Academic CY - Dordrecht ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Barnat, Miriam A1 - Bosse, Elke A1 - Tight, Malcolm T1 - The Guiding Role of Theory in Mixed-Methods Research: Combining Individual and Institutional Perspectives on the Transition to Higher Education T2 - Theory and Method in Higher Education Research. Vol 3 N2 - The methodological discourse of mixed-methods research offers general procedures to combine quantitative and qualitative methods for investigating complex fields of research such as higher education. However, integrating different methods still poses considerable challenges. To move beyond general recommendations for mixed-methods research, this chapter proposes to discuss methodological issues with respect to a particular research domain. Taking current studies on the transition to higher education as an example, the authors first provide an overview of the potentials and limitations of quantitative and qualitative methods in the research domain. Second, they show the need for a conceptual framework grounded in the theory of the research object to guide the integration of different methods and findings. Finally, an example study that investigates transition with regard to the interplay of the individual student and the institutional context serves to illustrate the guiding role of theory. The framework integrates different theoretical perspectives on transition, informs the selection of the research methods, and defines the nexus of the two strands that constitute the mixed-methods design. As the interplay of individual and context is of concern for teaching and learning in general, the example presented may be fruitful for the wider field of higher education research. KW - Quantitative research KW - Mixed-Methods Research KW - Transition KW - Students KW - Higher education Y1 - 2017 SN - 978-1-78743-222-2 U6 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/S2056-375220170000003001 SP - 1 EP - 19 PB - Emerald Publishing Limited ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Bechstedt, U. A1 - Berg, Georg P. A. A1 - Hacker, U. A1 - Hardt, Arno A1 - Hürlimann, W. A1 - Maier, R. A1 - Martin, S. A1 - Meissburger, J. A1 - Römer, J. G. M. A1 - Possen, P. von A1 - Sagefka, T. T1 - BIG KARL and COSY T2 - The art and science of magnet design. A Festschrift in honor of Klaus Halbach. Vol. 1 Y1 - 1995 SP - 19 EP - 28 PB - Lawrence Berkeley Lab., Univ. of California CY - Berkeley, CA. ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Bensberg, Frank A1 - Auth, Gunnar A1 - Czarnecki, Christian ED - Czarnecki, Christian ED - Fettke, Peter T1 - Finding the perfect RPA match : a criteria-based selection method for RPA solutions T2 - Robotic process automation : Management, technology, applications N2 - The benefits of robotic process automation (RPA) are highly related to the usage of commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) software products that can be easily implemented and customized by business units. But, how to find the best fitting RPA product for a specific situation that creates the expected benefits? This question is related to the general area of software evaluation and selection. In the face of more than 75 RPA products currently on the market, guidance considering those specifics is required. Therefore, this chapter proposes a criteria-based selection method specifically for RPA. The method includes a quantitative evaluation of costs and benefits as well as a qualitative utility analysis based on functional criteria. By using the visualization of financial implications (VOFI) method, an application-oriented structure is provided that opposes the total cost of ownership to the time savings times salary (TSTS). For the utility analysis a detailed list of functional criteria for RPA is offered. The whole method is based on a multi-vocal review of scientific and non-scholarly literature including publications by business practitioners, consultants, and vendors. The application of the method is illustrated by a concrete RPA example. The illustrated structures, templates, and criteria can be directly utilized by practitioners in their real-life RPA implementations. In addition, a normative decision process for selecting RPA alternatives is proposed before the chapter closes with a discussion and outlook. KW - robotic process automation KW - business process automation KW - commercial offthe- shelf solutions KW - software evaluation KW - software selection Y1 - 2021 SN - 978-3-11-067677-8 SN - 978-3-11-067669-3 SN - 9783110676686 U6 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9783110676693-201 SP - 47 EP - 75 PB - De Gruyter CY - Oldenbourg ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Bensberg, Frank A1 - Buscher, Gandalf A1 - Czarnecki, Christian ED - Nissen, Volker T1 - Digital transformation and IT topics in the consulting industry: a labor market perspective T2 - Advances in consulting research : recent findings and practical cases N2 - Information technologies, such as big data analytics, cloud computing, cyber physical systems, robotic process automation, and the internet of things, provide a sustainable impetus for the structural development of business sectors as well as the digitalization of markets, enterprises, and processes. Within the consulting industry, the proliferation of these technologies opened up the new segment of digital transformation, which focuses on setting up, controlling, and implementing projects for enterprises from a broad range of sectors. These recent developments raise the question, which requirements evolve for IT consultants as important success factors of those digital transformation projects. Therefore, this empirical contribution provides indications regarding the qualifications and competences necessary for IT consultants in the era of digital transformation from a labor market perspective. On the one hand, this knowledge base is interesting for the academic education of consultants, since it supports a market-oriented design of adequate training measures. On the other hand, insights into the competence requirements for consultants are considered relevant for skill and talent management processes in consulting practice. Assuming that consulting companies pursue a strategic human resource management approach, labor market information may also be useful to discover strategic behavioral patterns. Y1 - 2019 SN - 978-3-319-95998-6 SN - 978-3-030-07125-7 SN - 978-3-319-95999-3 U6 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-95999-3_16 SP - 341 EP - 357 PB - Springer CY - Cham ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Bhattarai, Aroj A1 - Frotscher, Ralf A1 - Staat, Manfred T1 - Computational Analysis of Pelvic Floor Dysfunction T2 - Women's Health and Biomechanics N2 - Pelvic floor dysfunction (PFD) is characterized by the failure of the levator ani (LA) muscle to maintain the pelvic hiatus, resulting in the descent of the pelvic organs below the pubococcygeal line. This chapter adopts the modified Humphrey material model to consider the effect of the muscle fiber on passive stretching of the LA muscle. The deformation of the LA muscle subjected to intra-abdominal pressure during Valsalva maneuver is compared with the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examination of a nulliparous female. Numerical result shows that the fiber-based Humphrey model simulates the muscle behavior better than isotropic constitutive models. Greater posterior movement of the LA muscle widens the levator hiatus due to lack of support from the anococcygeal ligament and the perineal structure as a consequence of birth-related injury and aging. Old and multiparous females with uncontrolled urogenital and rectal hiatus tend to develop PFDs such as prolapse and incontinence. KW - Pelvic muscle KW - Muscle fibers KW - Passive stretching KW - Pelvic floor dysfunction Y1 - 2018 SN - 978-3-319-71574-2 U6 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-71574-2_17 N1 - Lecture Notes in Computational Vision and Biomechanics, vol 29 SP - 217 EP - 230 PB - Springer CY - Cham ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Bhattarai, Aroj A1 - Staat, Manfred ED - Artmann, Gerhard ED - Temiz Artmann, Aysegül ED - Zhubanova, Azhar A. ED - Digel, Ilya T1 - Mechanics of soft tissue reactions to textile mesh implants T2 - Biological, Physical and Technical Basics of Cell Engineering N2 - For pelvic floor disorders that cannot be treated with non-surgical procedures, minimally invasive surgery has become a more frequent and safer repair procedure. More than 20 million prosthetic meshes are implanted each year worldwide. The simple selection of a single synthetic mesh construction for any level and type of pelvic floor dysfunctions without adopting the design to specific requirements increase the risks for mesh related complications. Adverse events are closely related to chronic foreign body reaction, with enhanced formation of scar tissue around the surgical meshes, manifested as pain, mesh erosion in adjacent structures (with organ tissue cut), mesh shrinkage, mesh rejection and eventually recurrence. Such events, especially scar formation depend on effective porosity of the mesh, which decreases discontinuously at a critical stretch when pore areas decrease making the surgical reconstruction ineffective that further augments the re-operation costs. The extent of fibrotic reaction is increased with higher amount of foreign body material, larger surface, small pore size or with inadequate textile elasticity. Standardized studies of different meshes are essential to evaluate influencing factors for the failure and success of the reconstruction. Measurements of elasticity and tensile strength have to consider the mesh anisotropy as result of the textile structure. An appropriate mesh then should show some integration with limited scar reaction and preserved pores that are filled with local fat tissue. This chapter reviews various tissue reactions to different monofilament mesh implants that are used for incontinence and hernia repairs and study their mechanical behavior. This helps to predict the functional and biological outcomes after tissue reinforcement with meshes and permits further optimization of the meshes for the specific indications to improve the success of the surgical treatment. Y1 - 2018 SN - 978-981-10-7904-7 U6 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-7904-7_11 SP - 251 EP - 275 PB - Springer CY - Singapore ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Bialonski, Stephan T1 - Are interaction clusters in epileptic networks predictive of seizures? T2 - Epilepsy: The Intersection of Neurosciences, Biology, Mathematics, Engineering, and Physics Y1 - 2016 SN - 978-143983886-0 SP - 349 EP - 355 PB - CRC Press ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Bialonski, Stephan A1 - Lehnertz, Klaus T1 - From time series to complex networks: an overview T2 - Recent Advances in Predicting and Preventing Epileptic Seizures: Proceedings of the 5th International Workshop on Seizure Prediction N2 - The network approach towards the analysis of the dynamics of complex systems has been successfully applied in a multitude of studies in the neurosciences and has yielded fascinating insights. With this approach, a complex system is considered to be composed of different constituents which interact with each other. Interaction structures can be compactly represented in interaction networks. In this contribution, we present a brief overview about how interaction networks are derived from multivariate time series, about basic network characteristics, and about challenges associated with this analysis approach. Y1 - 2013 SN - 978-981-4525-36-7 U6 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789814525350_0010 SP - 132 EP - 147 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Boonzaaijer, Karel A1 - Helmig, Ilka T1 - 2D Room : cardboard installation T2 - Papercraft [1] : design and art with paper KW - Papierkunst Y1 - 2009 SN - 978-3-89955-251-5 SP - 206 PB - Gestalten Verlag CY - Berlin ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Borggrafe, Andreas A1 - Ohndorf, Andreas A1 - Dachwald, Bernd A1 - Seboldt, Wolfgang T1 - Analysis of interplanetary solar sail trajectories with attitude dynamics T2 - Dynamics and Control of Space Systems 2012 N2 - We present a new approach to the problem of optimal control of solar sails for low-thrust trajectory optimization. The objective was to find the required control torque magnitudes in order to steer a solar sail in interplanetary space. A new steering strategy, controlling the solar sail with generic torques applied about the spacecraft body axes, is integrated into the existing low-thrust trajectory optimization software InTrance. This software combines artificial neural networks and evolutionary algorithms to find steering strategies close to the global optimum without an initial guess. Furthermore, we implement a three rotational degree-of-freedom rigid-body attitude dynamics model to represent the solar sail in space. Two interplanetary transfers to Mars and Neptune are chosen to represent typical future solar sail mission scenarios. The results found with the new steering strategy are compared to the existing reference trajectories without attitude dynamics. The resulting control torques required to accomplish the missions are investigated, as they pose the primary requirements to a real on-board attitude control system. Y1 - 2012 SN - 978-0-87703-587-9 SP - 1553 EP - 1569 PB - Univelt Inc CY - San Diego ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Bozakov, Zdravko A1 - Sander, Volker T1 - OpenFlow: A Perspective for Building Versatile Networks T2 - Network-Embedded Management and Applications Y1 - 2013 SN - 978-1-4419-6769-5 U6 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6769-5_11 SP - 217 EP - 245 PB - Springer CY - New York, NY ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Braun, Carsten A1 - Boucke, Alexander A1 - Ballmann, Josef T1 - Numerical study of the influence of dynamic pressure and deflected ailerons on the deformation of a high speed wing model T2 - High performance computing in science and engineering '04. Transactions of the High Performance Computing Center Stuttgart (HLRS) 2004 / Eds.: Egon Krause ... Y1 - 2005 SN - 3-540-22943-4 SP - 225 EP - 236 PB - Springer CY - Berlin ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Brauner, Philipp A1 - Vervier, Luisa A1 - Brillowski, Florian A1 - Dammers, Hannah A1 - Steuer-Dankert, Linda A1 - Schneider, Sebastian A1 - Baier, Ralph A1 - Ziefle, Martina A1 - Gries, Thomas A1 - Leicht-Scholten, Carmen A1 - Mertens, Alexander A1 - Nagel, Saskia K. T1 - Organization Routines in Next Generation Manufacturing T2 - Forecasting Next Generation Manufacturing N2 - Next Generation Manufacturing promises significant improvements in performance, productivity, and value creation. In addition to the desired and projected improvements regarding the planning, production, and usage cycles of products, this digital transformation will have a huge impact on work, workers, and workplace design. Given the high uncertainty in the likelihood of occurrence and the technical, economic, and societal impacts of these changes, we conducted a technology foresight study, in the form of a real-time Delphi analysis, to derive reliable future scenarios featuring the next generation of manufacturing systems. This chapter presents the organization dimension and describes each projection in detail, offering current case study examples and discussing related research, as well as implications for policy makers and firms. Specifically, we highlight seven areas in which the digital transformation of production will change how we work, how we organize the work within a company, how we evaluate these changes, and how employment and labor rights will be affected across company boundaries. The experts are unsure whether the use of collaborative robots in factories will replace traditional robots by 2030. They believe that the use of hybrid intelligence will supplement human decision-making processes in production environments. Furthermore, they predict that artificial intelligence will lead to changes in management processes, leadership, and the elimination of hierarchies. However, to ensure that social and normative aspects are incorporated into the AI algorithms, restricting measurement of individual performance will be necessary. Additionally, AI-based decision support can significantly contribute toward new, socially accepted modes of leadership. Finally, the experts believe that there will be a reduction in the workforce by the year 2030. Y1 - 2022 SN - 978-3-031-07734-0 U6 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-07734-0_5 SP - 75 EP - 94 PB - Springer CY - Cham ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Britten, G. A1 - Braun, Carsten A1 - Hesse, M. A1 - Ballmann, Josef T1 - Computational aeroelasticity with reduced structural models T2 - Flow modulation and fluid-structure interaction at airplane wings : research results of the Collaborative Research Center SFB 401 at RWTH Aachen, University of Technology, Aachen, Germany / Josef Ballmann (Ed.) Notes on numerical fluid mechanics and multidisciplinary design. Vol. 84 Y1 - 2003 SN - 3-540-40209-8 SP - 275 EP - 299 PB - Springer CY - Berlin ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Buda, Aurel A1 - Schürmann, Volker A1 - Wollert, Jörg T1 - Wireless technologies in factory automation T2 - Factory automation / ed. by Javier Silvestre-Blanes Y1 - 2010 SN - 978-953-7619-42-8 SP - 29 EP - 50 PB - Intech CY - London ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Bung, Daniel B. ED - Rowinski, Pawel T1 - Laboratory models of free-surface flows T2 - Rivers - physical, fluvial and environmental processes N2 - Hydraulic modeling is the classical approach to investigate and describe complex fluid motion. Many empirical formulas in the literature used for the hydraulic design of river training measures and structures have been developed using experimental data from the laboratory. Although computer capacities have increased to a high level which allows to run complex numerical simulations on standard workstation nowadays, non-standard design of structures may still raise the need to perform physical model investigations. These investigations deliver insight into details of flow patterns and the effect of varying boundary conditions. Data from hydraulic model tests may be used for calibration of numerical models as well. As the field of hydraulic modeling is very complex, this chapter intends to give a short overview on capacities and limits of hydraulic modeling in regard to river flows and hydraulic structures only. The reader shall get a first idea of modeling principles and basic considerations. More detailed information can be found in the references. KW - Physical modeling KW - Similitude KW - Open channels KW - Hydraulic structures Y1 - 2015 SN - 978-3-319-17718-2 ; 978-3-319-17719-9 U6 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-17719-9_9 SP - 213 EP - 228 PB - Springer CY - Cham ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Busse, Daniel A1 - Esch, Thomas A1 - Muntaniol, Roman T1 - Thermal management in E-carsharing vehicles - preconditioning concepts of passenger compartments T2 - E-Mobility in Europe : trends and good practice N2 - The issue of thermal management in electric vehicles includes the topics of drivetrain cooling and heating, interior temperature, vehicle body conditioning and safety. In addition to the need to ensure optimal thermal operating conditions of the drivetrain components (drive motor, battery and electrical components), thermal comfort must be provided for the passengers. Thermal comfort is defined as the feeling which expresses the satisfaction of the passengers with the ambient conditions in the compartment. The influencing factors on thermal comfort are the temperature and humidity as well as the speed of the indoor air and the clothing and the activity of the passengers, in addition to the thermal radiation and the temperatures of the interior surfaces. The generation and the maintenance of free visibility (ice- and moisture-free windows) count just as important as on-demand heating and cooling of the entire vehicle. A Carsharing climate concept of the innovative ec2go vehicle stipulates and allows for only seating areas used by passengers to be thermally conditioned in a close-to-body manner. To enable this, a particular feature has been added to the preconditioning of the Carsharing electric vehicle during the electric charging phase at the parking station. KW - Carsharing KW - Thermal management KW - Thermal comfort KW - Electrical vehicle KW - Passenger compartment Y1 - 2015 SN - 978-3-319-13193-1 U6 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-13194-8_18 SP - 327 EP - 343 PB - Springer CY - Cham [u.a.] ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Butenweg, Christoph A1 - Holtschoppen, Britta T1 - Seismic design of structures and components in industrial units T2 - Structural Dynamics with Applications in Earthquake and Wind Engineering N2 - Industrial units consist of the primary load-carrying structure and various process engineering components, the latter being by far the most important in financial terms. In addition, supply structures such as free-standing tanks and silos are usually required for each plant to ensure the supply of material and product storage. Thus, for the earthquake-proof design of industrial plants, design and construction rules are required for the primary structures, the secondary structures and the supply structures. Within the framework of these rules, possible interactions of primary and secondary structures must also be taken into account. Importance factors are used in seismic design in order to take into account the usually higher risk potential of an industrial unit compared to conventional building structures. Industrial facilities must be able to withstand seismic actions because of possibly wide-ranging damage consequences in addition to losses due to production standstill and the destruction of valuable equipment. The chapter presents an integrated concept for the seismic design of industrial units based on current seismic standards and the latest research results. Special attention is devoted to the seismic design of steel thin-walled silos and tank structures. KW - Industrial units KW - Seismic design KW - Tanks KW - Silos KW - Components Y1 - 2019 SN - 978-3-662-57550-5 U6 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-57550-5_5 SP - 359 EP - 481 PB - Springer CY - Berlin ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Butenweg, Christoph A1 - Thierauf, G. ED - Papadrakakis, M. ED - Topping, B.H.V. T1 - Automatic design of reinforced concrete structures with parallel computing T2 - Innovative computational methods for structural mechanics N2 - A concept for the analysis and optimal design of reinforced concrete structures is described. It is based on a nonlinear optimization algorithm and a finite element program for linear and nonlinear analysis of structures. With the aim of minimal cost design a two stage optimization using efficient gradient algorithm is developed. The optimization problems on global (structural) and local (crosssectional) level are formulated. A parallelization concept for solving the two stage optimization problem in minimal time is presented. Examples are included to illustrate the practical use and the effectively of the parallelization in the area of engineering design. Y1 - 1999 SN - 1-874672-05-9 U6 - http://dx.doi.org/10.4203/csets.1.14 SP - 305 EP - 318 PB - Saxe-Coburg Publication CY - Edinburgh ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Calliess, Gralf-Peter A1 - Kroll-Ludwigs, Kathrin T1 - Art. 6 Rome III-Regulation (consent and material validity) T2 - Rome Regulations : commentary Y1 - 2015 SN - 9789041147547 PB - Wolters Kluwer ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Chanson, Hubert A1 - Bung, Daniel B. A1 - Matos, J. T1 - Stepped spillways and cascades T2 - Energy dissipation in hydraulic structures / Hubert Chanson (ed.) Y1 - 2015 SN - 978-1-138-02755-8 (print) ; 978-1-315-68029-3 (e-Book) SP - 45 EP - 64 PB - CRC Press CY - Boca Raton, Fla. [u.a.] ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Cresser, J. D. A1 - Häger, J. A1 - Leuchs, G. A1 - Rateike, Franz-Matthias A1 - Walther, H. T1 - Resonance fluorescence of atoms in strong monochromatic laser fields T2 - Dissipative systems in quantum optics. Ed. by Rodolfo Bonifacio. Topics in current physics. Vol. 27 N2 - The investigation of atomic resonance fluorescence has always been of special interest as a means for the determination of atomic parameters. In addition, information on the interaction mechanism between atoms and radiation can be obtained. In the standard fluorescence experiment the frequency distribution of the incident photons is larger than the natural width of the respective transition; as a consequence the correlation time in the photon-atom interaction is determined by the lifetime of the atoms in the excited state. With the development of lasers and especially of tunable dye lasers in recent years it became possible to study the case where the incident radiation has a spectral distribution which is narrower than the natural width. This corresponds to a correlation time of the incoming light wave which is much longer than the excited-state lifetime. In this chapter a survey of experiments on the resonance fluorescence of atoms in monochromatic laser fields will be given. Y1 - 1982 SN - 978-3-642-81719-9 U6 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-81717-5_3 SP - 21 EP - 59 PB - Springer CY - Berlin ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Croon, Philipp A1 - Czarnecki, Christian ED - Czarnecki, Christian ED - Fettke, Peter T1 - Liability for loss or damages caused by RPA T2 - Robotic process automation : Management, technology, applications N2 - Intelligent autonomous software robots replacing human activities and performing administrative processes are reality in today’s corporate world. This includes, for example, decisions about invoice payments, identification of customers for a marketing campaign, and answering customer complaints. What happens if such a software robot causes a damage? Due to the complete absence of human activities, the question is not trivial. It could even happen that no one is liable for a damage towards a third party, which could create an uncalculatable legal risk for business partners. Furthermore, the implementation and operation of those software robots involves various stakeholders, which result in the unsolvable endeavor of identifying the originator of a damage. Overall it is advisable to all involved parties to carefully consider the legal situation. This chapter discusses the liability of software robots from an interdisciplinary perspective. Based on different technical scenarios the legal aspects of liability are discussed. KW - robotic process automation KW - artificial intelligence KW - liability KW - culpability Y1 - 2021 SN - 9783110676778 SN - 9783110676693 SN - 9783110676686 U6 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9783110676693-202 SP - 135 EP - 151 PB - De Gruyter CY - Oldenbourg ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Czarnecki, Christian ED - vom Brocke, Jan ED - Mendling, Jan T1 - Establishment of a central process governance organization combined with operational process improvements : Insights from a BPM Project at a leading telecommunications operator in the Middle East T2 - Business process management cases : digital innovation and business transformation in practice N2 - Because of customer churn, strong competition, and operational inefficiencies, the telecommunications operator ME Telco (fictitious name due to confidentiality) launched a strategic transformation program that included a Business Process Management (BPM) project. Major problems were silo-oriented process management and missing cross-functional transparency. Process improvements were not consistently planned and aligned with corporate targets. Measurable inefficiencies were observed on an operational level, e.g., high lead times and reassignment rates of the incident management process. Y1 - 2018 SN - 978-3-319-58306-8 SN - 978-3-319-58307-5 SN - 978-3-319-86372-6 U6 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-58307-5 N1 - Als Präsenzexemplar unter der Signatur 20 PZR 469-1 vorhanden. SP - 57 EP - 76 PB - Springer CY - Cham ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Czarnecki, Christian A1 - Fettke, Peter ED - Czarnecki, Christian ED - Fettke, Peter T1 - Robotic process automation : Positioning, structuring, and framing the work T2 - Robotic process automation : Management, technology, applications N2 - Robotic process automation (RPA) has attracted increasing attention in research and practice. This chapter positions, structures, and frames the topic as an introduction to this book. RPA is understood as a broad concept that comprises a variety of concrete solutions. From a management perspective RPA offers an innovative approach for realizing automation potentials, whereas from a technical perspective the implementation based on software products and the impact of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) are relevant. RPA is industry-independent and can be used, for example, in finance, telecommunications, and the public sector. With respect to RPA this chapter discusses definitions, related approaches, a structuring framework, a research framework, and an inside as well as outside architectural view. Furthermore, it provides an overview of the book combined with short summaries of each chapter. KW - Robotic process automation KW - management KW - technology KW - applications KW - research framework Y1 - 2021 SN - 978-3-11-067668-6 (Print) SN - 978-3-11-067669-3 (PDF) SN - 978-3-11-067677-8 (ePub) U6 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9783110676693-202 SP - 3 EP - 24 PB - De Gruyter CY - Oldenbourg ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Czarnecki, Christian A1 - Hong, Chin-Gi A1 - Schmitz, Manfred A1 - Dietze, Christian ED - Urbach, Nils ED - Röglinger, Maximilian ED - Kautz, Karlheinz ED - Alias, Rose Alinda ED - Saunders, Carol ED - Wiener, Martin T1 - Enabling digital transformation through cognitive robotic process automation at Deutsche Telekom Services Europe T2 - Digitalization Cases Vol. 2 : Mastering digital transformation for global business N2 - Subject of this case is Deutsche Telekom Services Europe (DTSE), a service center for administrative processes. Due to the high volume of repetitive tasks (e.g., 100k manual uploads of offer documents into SAP per year), automation was identified as an important strategic target with a high management attention and commitment. DTSE has to work with various backend application systems without any possibility to change those systems. Furthermore, the complexity of administrative processes differed. When it comes to the transfer of unstructured data (e.g., offer documents) to structured data (e.g., MS Excel files), further cognitive technologies were needed. Y1 - 2021 SN - 978-3-030-80002-4 (Print) SN - 978-3-030-80003-1 (Online) U6 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-80003-1 SP - 123 EP - 138 PB - Springer CY - Cham ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Dachwald, Bernd ED - Knopf, George K. ED - Otani, Yukitoshi T1 - Light propulsion systems for spacecraft T2 - Optical nano and micro actuator technology Y1 - 2017 SN - 9781315217628 (eBook) SP - 577 EP - 598 PB - CRC Press CY - Boca Raton ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Dachwald, Bernd T1 - Solar sail dynamics and control T2 - Encyclopedia of Aerospace Engineering N2 - Solar sails are large and lightweight reflective structures that are propelled by solar radiation pressure. This chapter covers their orbital and attitude dynamics and control. First, the advantages and limitations of solar sails are discussed and their history and development status is outlined. Because the dynamics of solar sails is governed by the (thermo-)optical properties of the sail film, the basic solar radiation pressure force models have to be described and compared before parameters to measure solar sail performance can be defined. The next part covers the orbital dynamics of solar sails for heliocentric motion, planetocentric motion, and motion at Lagrangian equilibrium points. Afterwards, some advanced solar radiation pressure force models are described, which allow to quantify the thrust force on solar sails of arbitrary shape, the effects of temperature, of light incidence angle, of surface roughness, and the effects of optical degradation of the sail film in the space environment. The orbital motion of a solar sail is strongly coupled to its rotational motion, so that the attitude control of these soft and flexible structures is very challenging, especially for planetocentric orbits that require fast attitude maneuvers. Finally, some potential attitude control methods are sketched and selection criteria are given. KW - solar sail KW - sailcraft KW - orbital dynamics KW - orbit control KW - attitude dynamics Y1 - 2010 U6 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470686652.eae292 PB - Wiley CY - Hoboken ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Dachwald, Bernd A1 - Boehnhardt, Herrmann A1 - Broj, Ulrich A1 - Geppert, Ulrich R. M. E. A1 - Grundmann, Jan-Thimo A1 - Seboldt, Wolfgang A1 - Seefeldt, Patric A1 - Spietz, Peter A1 - Johnson, Les A1 - Kührt, Ekkehard A1 - Mottola, Stefano A1 - Macdonald, Malcolm A1 - McInnes, Colin R. A1 - Vasile, Massimiliano A1 - Reinhard, Ruedeger T1 - Gossamer roadmap technology reference study for a multiple NEO Rendezvous Mission T2 - Advances in solar sailing N2 - A technology reference study for a multiple near-Earth object (NEO) rendezvous mission with solar sailcraft is currently carried out by the authors of this paper. The investigated mission builds on previous concepts, but adopts a strong micro-spacecraft philosophy based on the DLR/ESA Gossamer technology. The main scientific objective of the mission is to explore the diversity of NEOs. After direct interplanetary insertion, the solar sailcraft should—within less than 10 years—rendezvous three NEOs that are not only scientifically interesting, but also from the point of human spaceight and planetary defense. In this paper, the objectives of the study are outlined and a preliminary potential mission profile is presented. Y1 - 2014 SN - 978-3-642-34906-5 (Print) ; 978-3-642-34907-2 (E-Book) SP - 211 EP - 226 PB - Springer CY - Berlin [u.a.] ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Dachwald, Bernd A1 - Ohndorf, Andreas T1 - Global optimization of continuous-thrust trajectories using evolutionary neurocontrol T2 - Modeling and Optimization in Space Engineering N2 - Searching optimal continuous-thrust trajectories is usually a difficult and time-consuming task. The solution quality of traditional optimal-control methods depends strongly on an adequate initial guess because the solution is typically close to the initial guess, which may be far from the (unknown) global optimum. Evolutionary neurocontrol attacks continuous-thrust optimization problems from the perspective of artificial intelligence and machine learning, combining artificial neural networks and evolutionary algorithms. This chapter describes the method and shows some example results for single- and multi-phase continuous-thrust trajectory optimization problems to assess its performance. Evolutionary neurocontrol can explore the trajectory search space more exhaustively than a human expert can do with traditional optimal-control methods. Especially for difficult problems, it usually finds solutions that are closer to the global optimum. Another fundamental advantage is that continuous-thrust trajectories can be optimized without an initial guess and without expert supervision. Y1 - 2019 SN - 978-3-030-10501-3 SN - 978-3-030-10500-6 U6 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-10501-3_2 N1 - Springer Optimization and Its Applications, vol 144 gedruckt unter der Signatur 21 ZSS 46 in der Bereichsbibliothek Eupener Str. vorhanden SP - 33 EP - 57 PB - Springer CY - Cham ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Dachwald, Bernd A1 - Ulamec, Stephan A1 - Biele, Jens T1 - Clean in situ subsurface exploration of icy environments in the solar system T2 - Habitability of other planets and satellites. - (Cellular origin, life in extreme habitats and astrobiology ; 28) N2 - "To assess the habitability of the icy environments in the solar system, for example, on Mars, Europa, and Enceladus, the scientific analysis of material embedded in or underneath their ice layers is very important. We consider self-steering robotic ice melting probes to be the best method to cleanly access these environments, that is, in compliance with planetary protection standards. The required technologies are currently developed and tested." Y1 - 2013 SN - 978-94-007-6545-0 (Druckausgabe) SN - 978-94-007-6546-7 (E-Book) SP - 367 EP - 397 PB - Springer CY - Dordrecht ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Dachwald, Bernd A1 - Ulamec, Stephan A1 - Kowalski, Julia A1 - Boxberg, Marc S. A1 - Baader, Fabian A1 - Biele, Jens A1 - Kömle, Norbert ED - Badescu, Viorel ED - Zacny, Kris ED - Bar-Cohen, Yoseph T1 - Ice melting probes T2 - Handbook of Space Resources N2 - The exploration of icy environments in the solar system, such as the poles of Mars and the icy moons (a.k.a. ocean worlds), is a key aspect for understanding their astrobiological potential as well as for extraterrestrial resource inspection. On these worlds, ice melting probes are considered to be well suited for the robotic clean execution of such missions. In this chapter, we describe ice melting probes and their applications, the physics of ice melting and how the melting behavior can be modeled and simulated numerically, the challenges for ice melting, and the required key technologies to deal with those challenges. We also give an overview of existing ice melting probes and report some results and lessons learned from laboratory and field tests. KW - Ice melting probe KW - Ice penetration KW - Icy moons KW - Ocean worlds KW - Mars Y1 - 2023 SN - 978-3-030-97912-6 (Print) SN - 978-3-030-97913-3 (Online) U6 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-97913-3_29 SP - 955 EP - 996 PB - Springer CY - Cham ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Diekmann, Julian A1 - Eggert, Mathias T1 - Is a Progressive Web App an Alternative for Native App Development? T2 - 3. Wissenschaftsforum: Digitale Transformation (WiFo21) (Lecture Notes in Informatics ; P-319) N2 - The existence of several mobile operating systems, such as Android and iOS, is a challenge for developers because the individual platforms are not compatible with each other and require separate app developments. For this reason, cross-platform approaches have become popular but lack in cloning the native behavior of the different operating systems. Out of the plenty cross-platform approaches, the progressive web app (PWA) approach is perceived as promising but needs further investigation. Therefore, the paper at hand aims at investigating whether PWAs are a suitable alternative for native apps by developing a PWA clone of an existing app. Two surveys are conducted in which potential users test and evaluate the PWA prototype with regard to its usability. The survey results indicate that PWAs have great potential, but cannot be treated as a general alternative to native apps. For guiding developers when and how to use PWAs, four design guidelines for the development of PWA-based apps are derived based on the results. KW - Progressive Web App KW - PWA KW - Cross-platform KW - Evaluation KW - Mobile web Y1 - 2021 SN - 978-3-88579-713-5 SP - 35 EP - 48 PB - Gesellschaft für Informatik CY - Darmstadt ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Digel, Ilya A1 - Akimbekov, Nuraly Sh. A1 - Kistaubayeva, Aida A1 - Zhubanova, Azhar A. ED - Artmann, Gerhard ED - Temiz Artmann, Aysegül ED - Zhubanova, Azhar A. ED - Digel, Ilya T1 - Microbial Sampling from Dry Surfaces: Current Challenges and Solutions T2 - Biological, Physical and Technical Basics of Cell Engineering N2 - Sampling of dry surfaces for microorganisms is a main component of microbiological safety and is of critical importance in many fields including epidemiology, astrobiology as well as numerous branches of medical and food manufacturing. Aspects of biofilm formation, analysis and removal in aqueous solutions have been thoroughly discussed in literature. In contrast, microbial communities on air-exposed (dry) surfaces have received significantly less attention. Diverse surface sampling methods have been developed in order to address various surfaces and microbial groups, but they notoriously show poor repeatability, low recovery rates and suffer from lack of mutual consistency. Quantitative sampling for viable microorganisms represents a particular challenge, especially on porous and irregular surfaces. Therefore, it is essential to examine in depth the factors involved in microorganisms’ recovery efficiency and accuracy depending on the sampling technique used. Microbial colonization, retention and community composition on different dry surfaces are very complex and rely on numerous physicochemical and biological factors. This study is devoted to analyze and review the (a) physical phenomena and intermolecular forces relevant for microbiological surface sampling; (b) challenges and problems faced by existing sampling methods for viable microorganisms and (c) current directions of engineering and research aimed at improvement of quality and efficiency of microbiological surface sampling. KW - Sampling methods KW - Surface microorganisms KW - Dry surfaces KW - Microbial adhesion KW - Swabbing Y1 - 2018 SN - 978-981-10-7904-7 U6 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-7904-7_19 SP - 421 EP - 456 PB - Springer CY - Singapore ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Digel, Ilya A1 - Mansurov, Zulkhair A1 - Biisenbaev, Makhmut A1 - Savitskaya, Irina A1 - Kistaubaeva, Aida A1 - Akimbekov, Nuraly A1 - Zhubanova, Azhar ED - Hu, Ning T1 - Heterogeneous Composites on the Basis of Microbial Cells and Nanostructured Carbonized Sorbents T2 - Composites and Their Applications N2 - The fact that microorganisms prefer to grow on liquid/solid phase surfaces rather than in the surrounding aqueous phase was noticed long time ago [1]. Virtually any surface – animal, mineral, or vegetable – is a subject for microbial colonization and subsequent biofilm formation. It would be adequate to name just a few notorious examples on microbial colonization of contact lenses, ship hulls, petroleum pipelines, rocks in streams and all kinds of biomedical implants. The propensity of microorganisms to become surface-bound is so profound and ubiquitous that it vindicates the advantages for attached forms over their free-ranging counterparts [2]. Indeed, from ecological and evolutionary standpoints, for many microorganisms the surface-bound state means dwelling in nutritionally favorable, non-hostile environments [3]. Therefore, in most of natural and artificial ecosystems surface-associated microorganisms vastly outnumber organisms in suspension and often organize into complex communities with features that differ dramatically from those of free cells [4]. Y1 - 2012 SN - 978-953-51-0706-4 U6 - http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/47796 SP - 249 EP - 272 PB - Intech CY - London ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Digel, Ilya A1 - Sadykov, R. A1 - Temiz Artmann, Aysegül A1 - Artmann, Gerhard T1 - Changes in intestinal microflora in rats induced by oral exposure to low lead (II) concentrations T2 - Lead Exposure and Poisoning: Clinical Symptoms, Medical Management and Preventive Strategies Y1 - 2015 SN - 9781634826990 SP - 75 EP - 99 PB - Nova Science Publ. ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Dikta, Gerhard T1 - Fundamentals of applied probability and basic statistics T2 - Critical care nephrology / [Hrsg.:] Claudio Ronco and Rinaldo Bellomo Y1 - 1998 SN - 978-94-010-6306-7 SP - 51 EP - 61 PB - Springer CY - Dordrecht ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Drumm, Christian A1 - Lemcke, Jens A1 - Oberle, Daniel T1 - Business Process Management And Semantic Technologies T2 - The Semantic Web Y1 - 2007 SN - 978-0-387-48531-7 U6 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-48531-7_10 SP - 207 EP - 239 PB - Springer CY - Boston, MA ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Duong, Minh Tuan A1 - Nguyen, Nhu Huynh A1 - Staat, Manfred T1 - Physical response of hyperelastic models for composite materials and soft tissues T2 - Advances in Composite Material Y1 - 2017 SN - 978-1-61896-300-0 (Hardcover), 978-1-61896-299-7 (Paperback) N1 - Chapter 5 PB - Scientific Research Publishing CY - Wuhan ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Duong, Minh Tuan A1 - Seifarth, Volker A1 - Temiz Artmann, Aysegül A1 - Artmann, Gerhard A1 - Staat, Manfred ED - Artmann, Gerhard ED - Temiz Artmann, Aysegül ED - Zhubanova, Azhar A. ED - Digel, Ilya T1 - Growth Modelling Promoting Mechanical Stimulation of Smooth Muscle Cells of Porcine Tubular Organs in a Fibrin-PVDF Scaffold T2 - Biological, Physical and Technical Basics of Cell Engineering N2 - Reconstructive surgery and tissue replacements like ureters or bladders reconstruction have been recently studied, taking into account growth and remodelling of cells since living cells are capable of growing, adapting, remodelling or degrading and restoring in order to deform and respond to stimuli. Hence, shapes of ureters or bladders and their microstructure change during growth and these changes strongly depend on external stimuli such as training. We present the mechanical stimulation of smooth muscle cells in a tubular fibrin-PVDFA scaffold and the modelling of the growth of tissue by stimuli. To this end, mechanotransduction was performed with a kyphoplasty balloon catheter that was guided through the lumen of the tubular structure. The bursting pressure was examined to compare the stability of the incubated tissue constructs. The results showed the significant changes on tissues with training by increasing the burst pressure as a characteristic mechanical property and the smooth muscle cells were more oriented with uniformly higher density. Besides, the computational growth models also exhibited the accurate tendencies of growth of the cells under different external stimuli. Such models may lead to design standards for the better layered tissue structure in reconstructing of tubular organs characterized as composite materials such as intestines, ureters and arteries. KW - Mechanical simulation KW - Growth modelling KW - Ureter KW - Bladder KW - Reconstruction Y1 - 2018 SN - 978-981-10-7904-7 U6 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-7904-7_9 SP - 209 EP - 232 PB - Springer CY - Singapore ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Duwe, A. A1 - Tippkötter, Nils A1 - Ulber, R. T1 - Lignocellulose-Biorefinery: Ethanol-Focused T2 - Biorefineries N2 - The development prospects of the world markets for petroleum and other liquid fuels are diverse and partly contradictory. However, comprehensive changes for the energy supply of the future are essential. Notwithstanding the fact that there are still very large deposits of energy resources from a geological point of view, the finite nature of conventional oil reserves is indisputable. To reduce our dependence on oil, the EU, the USA, and other major economic zones rely on energy diversification. For this purpose, alternative materials and technologies are being sought, and is most obvious in the transport sector. The objective is to progressively replace fossil fuels with renewable and more sustainable fuels. In this respect, biofuels have a pre-eminent position in terms of their capability of blending with fossil fuels and being usable in existing cars without substantial modification. Ethanol can be considered as the primary renewable liquid fuel. In this chapter enzymes, micro-organisms, and processes for ethanol production based on renewable resources are described. KW - Bioethanol KW - Biorefinery KW - Lignocellulose feedstook Y1 - 2018 U6 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/10_2016_72 N1 - Part of the Advances in Biochemical Engineering/Biotechnology book series (ABE,volume 166) SP - 177 EP - 215 PB - Springer CY - Cham ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Eggert, Mathias T1 - Big Data Research - How to Structure the Changes of the Past Decade? T2 - The Art of Structuring N2 - In the past decade, many IS researchers focused on researching the phenomenon of Big Data. At the same time, the relevance of data protection gets more attention than ever before. In particular, since the enactment of the European General Data Protection Regulation in May 2018 Information Systems research should provide answers for protecting personal data. The article at hand presents a structuring framework for Big Data research outcome and the consideration of data protection. IS Researchers might use the framework in order to structure Big Data literature and to identify research gaps that should be addressed in the future. Y1 - 2019 SN - 978-3-030-06234-7 U6 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-06234-7_26 SP - 271 EP - 281 PB - Springer CY - Cham ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Eggert, Mathias A1 - Zähl, Philipp M. A1 - Wolf, Martin R. A1 - Haase, Martin ED - Cooper, Kendra M.L. ED - Bucchiarone, Antonio T1 - Applying leaderboards for quality improvement in software development projects T2 - Software Engineering for Games in Serious Contexts N2 - Software development projects often fail because of insufficient code quality. It is now well documented that the task of testing software, for example, is perceived as uninteresting and rather boring, leading to poor software quality and major challenges to software development companies. One promising approach to increase the motivation for considering software quality is the use of gamification. Initial research works already investigated the effects of gamification on software developers and come to promising. Nevertheless, a lack of results from field experiments exists, which motivates the chapter at hand. By conducting a gamification experiment with five student software projects and by interviewing the project members, the chapter provides insights into the changing programming behavior of information systems students when confronted with a leaderboard. The results reveal a motivational effect as well as a reduction of code smells. KW - Leaderboard KW - Gamification KW - Software testing KW - Software development Y1 - 2023 SN - 978-3-031-33337-8 (Print) SN - 978-3-031-33338-5 (Online) U6 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-33338-5_11 SP - 243 EP - 263 PB - Springer CY - Cham ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Engelmann, Ulrich M. A1 - Shasha, Carolyn A1 - Slabu, Ioana T1 - Magnetic nanoparticle relaxation in biomedical application: focus on simulating nanoparticle heating T2 - Magnetic nanoparticles in human health and medicine Y1 - 2021 SN - 978-1-119-75467-1 SP - 327 EP - 354 PB - Wiley-Blackwell CY - Hoboken, New Jeersey ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Engemann, Heiko A1 - Du, Shengzhi A1 - Kallweit, Stephan A1 - Ning, Chuanfang A1 - Anwar, Saqib T1 - AutoSynPose: Automatic Generation of Synthetic Datasets for 6D Object Pose Estimation T2 - Machine Learning and Artificial Intelligence. Proceedings of MLIS 2020 N2 - We present an automated pipeline for the generation of synthetic datasets for six-dimension (6D) object pose estimation. Therefore, a completely automated generation process based on predefined settings is developed, which enables the user to create large datasets with a minimum of interaction and which is feasible for applications with a high object variance. The pipeline is based on the Unreal 4 (UE4) game engine and provides a high variation for domain randomization, such as object appearance, ambient lighting, camera-object transformation and distractor density. In addition to the object pose and bounding box, the metadata includes all randomization parameters, which enables further studies on randomization parameter tuning. The developed workflow is adaptable to other 3D objects and UE4 environments. An exemplary dataset is provided including five objects of the Yale-CMU-Berkeley (YCB) object set. The datasets consist of 6 million subsegments using 97 rendering locations in 12 different UE4 environments. Each dataset subsegment includes one RGB image, one depth image and one class segmentation image at pixel-level. Y1 - 2020 SN - 978-1-64368-137-5 U6 - http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/FAIA200770 N1 - Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence and Applications. Vol 332 SP - 89 EP - 97 PB - IOS Press CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Ernhardt, Selina A1 - Drumm, Christian A1 - van Gog, Tamara A1 - Brand-Gruwel, Saskia A1 - Jarodzka, Halszka T1 - Through the eyes of a programmer : a research project on how to foster programming education with eye-tracking technology T2 - Tagungsband zur 32. AKWI-Jahrestagung vom 15.09.2019 bis 18.09.2019 an der Fachhochschule für Angewandte Wissenschaften Aachen Y1 - 2019 SN - 978-3-944330-62-4 SP - 42 EP - 47 PB - Mana-Buch CY - Heide ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Evers, Jörg A1 - Fleischhaker, Robert A1 - Pálffy, A. A1 - Keitel, C. T1 - Light propagation : From atomic to nuclear quantum optics T2 - Modern optics and photonics: atoms and structured media Y1 - 2010 SN - 978-981431327-8 U6 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789814313278_0001 SP - 3 EP - 15 PB - World Scientific Publishing Co. ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Fabo, Sabine ED - Schmidt, Sabine Maria T1 - REMOTEWORDS – anticipating the big observer T2 - Hacking the city : Interventionen in urbanen und kommunikativen Räumen ; Museum Folkwang, [16. Juli - 26. September 2010] KW - Streetart KW - Öffentlicher Raum KW - Stadtgestaltung KW - Aktionskunst KW - Kommunikationsguerrilla Y1 - 2011 SN - 978-3-86930-187-7 N1 - http://www.hackingthecity.org SP - 134 EP - 137 PB - Steidl ; Edition Folkwang CY - Göttingen [u.a.] ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Fabo, Sabine ED - Kacunko, Slavko T1 - Portrait of the artist as a spoilsport : Marcel Odenbach's concept of detachment T2 - Take it or leave it : Marcel Odenbach - anthology of texts and videos. - (eva - edition video art ; 2) Y1 - 2013 SN - 978-3-8325-3386-1 SP - 11 EP - 29 PB - Logos CY - Berlin ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Fateri, Miranda A1 - Gebhardt, Andreas T1 - Introduction to Additive Manufacturing T2 - 3D Printing of Optical Components N2 - Additive manufacturing (AM) works by creating objects layer by layer in a manner similar to a 2D printer with the “printed” layers stacked on top of each other. The layer-wise manufacturing nature of AM enables fabrication of freeform geometries which cannot be fabricated using conventional manufacturing methods as a one part. Depending on how each layer is created and bonded to the adjacent layers, different AM methods have been developed. In this chapter, the basic terms, common materials, and different methods of AM are described, and their potential applications are discussed. KW - Additive manufacturing KW - 3D printing KW - Digital manufacturing KW - Rapid prototyping KW - Rapid manufacturing Y1 - 2020 SN - 978-3-030-58960-8 U6 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-58960-8_1 SP - 1 EP - 22 PB - Springer CY - Cham ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Feldmann, M. A1 - Döring, Bernd A1 - Pyschny, D. T1 - Floor systems; Sustainabilty analyses and assessments of steel bridges T2 - Sustainable steel buildings : a practical guide for structures and envelopes Y1 - 2016 SN - 978-1-118-74079-8 (PDF) SN - 978-1-118-74111-5 SP - 198 EP - 223 PB - Wiley Blackwell CY - Chichester, West Sussex ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Fissabre, Anke A1 - Niethammer, Bernd ED - Graf, Franz T1 - Early Glazed Curtain Walls and their Preservation T2 - Il vetro nell’architettura del XX secolo : conservazione e restauro = Glass in the 20th Century Architecture : Preservation and Restoration Y1 - 2011 SN - 9788887624502 SP - 185 EP - 199 PB - Mendrisio Academy Press CY - Mendrisio ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Fissabre, Anke A1 - Wilson, Ariane ED - Feiglstorfer, Hubert T1 - "Lehmbaupropaganda" : On the tradition of earth building literature T2 - Earth Construction and Tradition. Vol. I Y1 - 2016 SN - 978-3-900265-34-2 SP - 47 EP - 69 PB - IVA Institut für vergleichende Architekturforschung CY - Wien ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Franzen, Julian A1 - Stecken, Jannis A1 - Pfaff, Raphael A1 - Kuhlenkötter, Bernd T1 - Using the Digital Shadow for a Prescriptive Optimization of Maintenance and Operation : The Locomotive in the Context of the Cyber-Physical System T2 - Advances in Production, Logistics and Traffic N2 - In competition with other modes of transport, rail freight transport is looking for solutions to become more attractive. Short-term success can be achieved through the data-driven optimization of operations and maintenance as well as the application of novel strategies such as prescriptive maintenance. After introducing the concept of prescriptive maintenance, this paper aims to prove that vehicle-focused applications of this approach indeed have the potential to increase attractiveness. However, even greater advantages can be activated if data from the horizontal network of the vehicle is available. Drawing on the state of the art in research and technology in the field of cyber-physical systems (CPS) as well as digital twins and shadows, our work serves to design a system of systems for the horizontal interconnection of a rail vehicle and to conceptualize a draft for a digital twin of a locomotive. Y1 - 2019 SN - 978-3-030-13535-5 U6 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-13535-5_19 SP - 265 EP - 276 PB - Springer CY - Cham ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Freyer, Nils A1 - Kempt, Hendrik ED - Bhakuni, Himani ED - Miotto, Lucas T1 - AI-DSS in healthcare and their power over health-insecure collectives T2 - Justice in global health N2 - AI-based systems are nearing ubiquity not only in everyday low-stakes activities but also in medical procedures. To protect patients and physicians alike, explainability requirements have been proposed for the operation of AI-based decision support systems (AI-DSS), which adds hurdles to the productive use of AI in clinical contexts. This raises two questions: Who decides these requirements? And how should access to AI-DSS be provided to communities that reject these standards (particularly when such communities are expert-scarce)? This chapter investigates a dilemma that emerges from the implementation of global AI governance. While rejecting global AI governance limits the ability to help communities in need, global AI governance risks undermining and subjecting health-insecure communities to the force of the neo-colonial world order. For this, this chapter first surveys the current landscape of AI governance and introduces the approach of relational egalitarianism as key to (global health) justice. To discuss the two horns of the referred dilemma, the core power imbalances faced by health-insecure collectives (HICs) are examined. The chapter argues that only strong demands of a dual strategy towards health-secure collectives can both remedy the immediate needs of HICs and enable them to become healthcare independent. Y1 - 2023 SN - 9781003399933 U6 - http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003399933-4 SP - 38 EP - 55 PB - Routledge CY - London ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Frotscher, Ralf A1 - Goßmann, Matthias A1 - Raatschen, Hans-Jürgen A1 - Temiz Artmann, Aysegül A1 - Staat, Manfred T1 - Simulation of cardiac cell-seeded membranes using the edge-based smoothed FEM T2 - Shell and membrane theories in mechanics and biology. (Advanced structured materials ; 45) N2 - We present an electromechanically coupled Finite Element model for cardiac tissue. It bases on the mechanical model for cardiac tissue of Hunter et al. that we couple to the McAllister-Noble-Tsien electrophysiological model of purkinje fibre cells. The corresponding system of ordinary differential equations is implemented on the level of the constitutive equations in a geometrically and physically nonlinear version of the so-called edge-based smoothed FEM for plates. Mechanical material parameters are determined from our own pressure-deflection experimental setup. The main purpose of the model is to further examine the experimental results not only on mechanical but also on electrophysiological level down to ion channel gates. Moreover, we present first drug treatment simulations and validate the model with respect to the experiments. Y1 - 2015 SN - 978-3-319-02534-6 ; 978-3-319-02535-3 SP - 187 EP - 212 PB - Springer CY - Heidelberg ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Frotscher, Ralf A1 - Staat, Manfred ED - Artmann, Gerhard ED - Temiz Artmann, Aysegül ED - Zhubanova, Azhar A. ED - Digel, Ilya T1 - Towards Patient-Specific Computational Modeling of hiPS-Derived Cardiomyocyte Function and Drug Action T2 - Biological, Physical and Technical Basics of Cell Engineering N2 - Human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPS-CM) today are widely used for the investigation of normal electromechanical cardiac function, of cardiac medication and of mutations. Computational models are thus established that simulate the behavior of this kind of cells. This section first motivates the modeling of hiPS-CM and then presents and discusses several modeling approaches of microscopic and macroscopic constituents of human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived and mature human cardiac tissue. The focus is led on the mapping of the computational results one can achieve with these models onto mature human cardiomyocyte models, the latter being the real matter of interest. Model adaptivity is the key feature that is discussed because it opens the way for modeling various biological effects like biological variability, medication, mutation and phenotypical expression. We compare the computational with experimental results with respect to normal cardiac function and with respect to inotropic and chronotropic drug effects. The section closes with a discussion on the status quo of the specificity of computational models and on what challenges have to be solved to reach patient-specificity. Y1 - 2018 SN - 978-981-10-7904-7 U6 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-7904-7_10 SP - 233 EP - 250 PB - Springer CY - Singapore ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Funke, Harald A1 - Börner, Sebastian A1 - Hendrick, P. A1 - Recker, E. T1 - Modification and testing of an engine and fuel control system for a hydrogen fuelled gas turbine T2 - Progress in Propulsion Physics. Vol. 2 Y1 - 2011 SN - 978-2-7598-0673-7 SP - 475 EP - 486 PB - EDP Sciences CY - Les Ulis ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Gebhardt, Andreas A1 - Hoetter, Jan-Steffen T1 - Rapid Tooling T2 - CIRP Encyclopedia of Production Engineering Y1 - 2019 SN - 978-3-662-53120-4 U6 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-53120-4 SP - 39 EP - 52 PB - Springer CY - Berlin, Heidelberg ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Giresini, Linda A1 - Butenweg, Christoph T1 - Earthquake resistant design of structures according to Eurocode 8 T2 - Structural Dynamics with Applications in Earthquake and Wind Engineering N2 - The chapter initially provides a summary of the contents of Eurocode 8, its aim being to offer both to the students and to practising engineers an easy introduction into the calculation and dimensioning procedures of this earthquake code. Specifically, the general rules for earthquake-resistant structures, the definition of design response spectra taking behaviour and importance factors into account, the application of linear and non-linear calculation methods and the structural safety verifications at the serviceability and ultimate limit state are presented. The application of linear and non-linear calculation methods and corresponding seismic design rules is demonstrated on practical examples for reinforced concrete, steel and masonry buildings. Furthermore, the seismic assessment of existing buildings is discussed and illustrated on the example of a typical historical masonry building in Italy. The examples are worked out in detail and each step of the design process, from the preliminary analysis to the final design, is explained in detail. KW - Seismic design KW - Eurocode 8 KW - Design examples KW - Response spectrum KW - Pushover analysis Y1 - 2019 SN - 978-3-662-57550-5 (Online) SN - 978-3-662-57548-2 (Print) U6 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-57550-5_4 SP - 197 EP - 358 PB - Springer CY - Berlin ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Gkatzogias, Konstantinos A1 - Veljkoviv, Ana A1 - Pohoryles, Daniel A. A1 - Tsionis, Georgios A1 - Bournas, Dionysios A. A1 - Crowley, Helen A1 - Norlén, Hedvig A1 - Butenweg, Christoph A1 - Gervasio, Helena A1 - Manfredi, Vincenzo A1 - Masi, Angelo A1 - Zaharieva, Roumiana ED - Gkatzogias, Konstantinos ED - Tsionis, Georgios T1 - Policy practice and regional impact assessment for building renovation T2 - REEBUILD Integrated Techniques for the Seismic Strengthening & Energy Efficiency of Existing Buildings N2 - The work presented in this report provides scientific support to building renovation policies in the EU by promoting a holistic point of view on the topic. Integrated renovation can be seen as a nexus between European policies on disaster resilience, energy efficiency and circularity in the building sector. An overview of policy measures for the seismic and energy upgrading of buildings across EU Member States identified only a few available measures for combined upgrading. Regulatory framework, financial instruments and digital tools similar to those for energy renovation, together with awareness and training may promote integrated renovation. A framework for regional prioritisation of building renovation was put forward, considering seismic risk, energy efficiency, and socioeconomic vulnerability independently and in an integrated way. Results indicate that prioritisation of building renovation is a multidimensional problem. Depending on priorities, different integrated indicators should be used to inform policies and accomplish the highest relative or most spread impact across different sectors. The framework was further extended to assess the impact of renovation scenarios across the EU with a focus on priority regions. Integrated renovation can provide a risk-proofed, sustainable, and inclusive built environment, presenting an economic benefit in the order of magnitude of the highest benefit among the separate interventions. Furthermore, it presents the unique capability of reducing fatalities and energy consumption at the same time and, depending on the scenario, to a greater extent. Y1 - 2022 SN - 978-92-76-60454-9 U6 - http://dx.doi.org/10.2760/883122 SN - 1831-9424 SP - 1 EP - 68 PB - Publications Office of the European Union CY - Luxembourg ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Gligorevic, Snjezana A1 - Epple, Ulrich A1 - Schnell, Michael T1 - The LDACS1 physical layer design T2 - Future aeronautical communications Y1 - 2011 SN - 978-953-307-625-6 SP - 317 EP - 332 PB - Intech CY - London ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Goeckel, Tom A1 - Schiffer, Stefan A1 - Wagner, Hermann A1 - Lakemeyer, Gerhard T1 - The Video Conference Tool Robot ViCToR T2 - Intelligent Robotics and Applications : 8th International Conference, ICIRA 2015, Portsmouth, UK, August 24-27, 2015, Proceedings, Part II N2 - We present a robotic tool that autonomously follows a conversation to enable remote presence in video conferencing. When humans participate in a meeting with the help of video conferencing tools, it is crucial that they are able to follow the conversation both with acoustic and visual input. To this end, we design and implement a video conferencing tool robot that uses binaural sound source localization as its main source to autonomously orient towards the currently talking speaker. To increase robustness of the acoustic cue against noise we supplement the sound localization with a source detection stage. Also, we include a simple onset detector to retain fast response times. Since we only use two microphones, we are confronted with ambiguities on whether a source is in front or behind the device. We resolve these ambiguities with the help of face detection and additional moves. We tailor the system to our target scenarios in experiments with a four minute scripted conversation. In these experiments we evaluate the influence of different system settings on the responsiveness and accuracy of the device. Y1 - 2015 SN - 978-3-319-22876-1 U6 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-22876-1_6 N1 - Lecture Notes in Computer Science ; 9245 SP - 61 EP - 73 PB - Springer ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Goh, Kheng Lim A1 - Topçu, Murat A1 - Madabhushi, Gopal S. P. A1 - Staat, Manfred ED - Maia, Fatima Raquel Azevedo ED - Miguel Oliveira, J. ED - Reis, Rui L. T1 - Collagen fibril reinforcement in connective tissue extracellular matrices T2 - Handbook of the extracellular matrix N2 - The connective tissues such as tendons contain an extracellular matrix (ECM) comprising collagen fibrils scattered within the ground substance. These fibrils are instrumental in lending mechanical stability to tissues. Unfortunately, our understanding of how collagen fibrils reinforce the ECM remains limited, with no direct experimental evidence substantiating current theories. Earlier theoretical studies on collagen fibril reinforcement in the ECM have relied predominantly on the assumption of uniform cylindrical fibers, which is inadequate for modelling collagen fibrils, which possessed tapered ends. Recently, Topçu and colleagues published a paper in the International Journal of Solids and Structures, presenting a generalized shear-lag theory for the transfer of elastic stress between the matrix and fibers with tapered ends. This paper is a positive step towards comprehending the mechanics of the ECM and makes a valuable contribution to formulating a complete theory of collagen fibril reinforcement in the ECM. KW - Connective tissues KW - Extracellular matrix (ECM) KW - Collagen fibrils KW - Mechanical stability KW - Tapered ends Y1 - 2023 SN - 978-3-030-92090-6 (Print) SN - 978-3-030-92090-6 (Online) U6 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-92090-6_6-1 SP - 1 EP - 20 PB - Springer Nature CY - Cham ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Golland, Alexander T1 - Struggling with users’ consent: Economic approach to solve the issue of coupling T2 - Turning Point in Data Protection Law Y1 - 2020 SN - 978-3-8487-6909-4 U6 - http://dx.doi.org/10.5771/9783748921561-121 SP - 121 EP - 126 PB - Nomos CY - Baden-Baden ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Golland, Alexander A1 - Ohrtmann, Jan-Peter T1 - Video surveillance: The supervisory authorities’ view andrecent case law T2 - Turning Point in Data Protection Law Y1 - 2020 SN - 978-3-8487-6909-4 U6 - http://dx.doi.org/10.5771/9783748921561-175 SP - 175 EP - 178 PB - Nomos CY - Baden-Baden ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Groß, Rolf Fritz A1 - Hecken, M. A1 - Renz, Ulrich ED - Dittler, A. ED - Hemmer, G. ED - Kasper, G. T1 - Hot gas filtration with ceramic filter candles: experimental and numerical investigations on fluid flow during element cleaning T2 - High temperature gas cleaning. Vol. 2 N2 - Ceramic hot gas filters are widely used in combined cycles based on pressurised fluidised beds. They fulfil most of the demands with respect to cleaning efficiency and long time durability, but their operation regarding the consumption of pulse gas and energy still has to be optimised. Experimental investigations were carried out to measure the flow field, the pressure and the gas temperature inside the filter candle during pulse jet cleaning. These results are compared with the results of a numerical procedure based on a solution of the two - dimensional conservation equations for momentum and energy. The observed difficulties handling different flow regimes like highly turbulent flow as well as Darcy flow simultaneously are discussed. KW - 20 fossil-fueled power plants KW - hot gas cleanup KW - ceramics KW - filtration KW - gas flow Y1 - 1999 SN - 3-9805220-1-6 N1 - 4th International Symposium and Exhibition on Gas Cleaning at High Temperatures, 22.-24.09.1999, Karlsruhe SP - 862 EP - 873 PB - KIT Institut für Mechanische Verfahrenstechnik und Mechanik CY - Karlsruhe ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Hahn, Thomas A1 - Kelly, Svenja A1 - Muffler, Kai A1 - Tippkötter, Nils A1 - Ulber, Roland ED - Hans-Jörg, Bart ED - Pilz, Stephan T1 - Extraction of lignocellulose and algae for the production of bulk and fine chemicals T2 - Industrial scale natural products extraction Y1 - 2011 SN - 978-3-527-32504-7 (Print) SN - 978-3-527-63512-2 (Online) U6 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9783527635122 SP - 221 EP - 245 PB - Wiley-VCH CY - Weinheim ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Helmig, Ilka ED - Klanten, Robert T1 - Tristan und Isolde, Samson und Dalila, Capriccio : 3D illustration for posters of Cologne Opera T2 - Papercraft [1] : design and art with paper KW - Papierkunst Y1 - 2009 SN - 978-3-89955-251-5 SP - 202 PB - Gestalten Verlag CY - Berlin ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Helmig, Ilka T1 - Friendship : editorial illustration T2 - Papercraft 2 : design and art with paper KW - Papierkunst KW - Illustration Y1 - 2011 SN - 978-3-89955-333-8 SP - 237 PB - Gestalten Verlag CY - Berlin ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Helmig, Ilka A1 - Boonzaaijer, Karel T1 - Growing 48 hours : design experiment in an aircraft hangar ... T2 - Papercraft [1] : design and art with paper KW - Papierkunst KW - Aktionskunst KW - Studienarbeit Y1 - 2009 SN - 978-3-89955-251-5 SP - 224 PB - Gestalten Verlag CY - Berlin ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Helsper, Christoph A1 - Fissan, H. J. A1 - Franzen, H. ED - Benarie, Michel M. T1 - Particle Size Distributions of Combustion Aerosols T2 - Atmospheric Pollution 1978 : Proceedings of the 13th International Colloquium; 25-28 April 1978; Paris, France; Edited by Michel M. Benarie N2 - It has been observed that carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) are present in the atmosphere. Combustion processes are considered the most important sources for PAH. Among these, the burning of coal produces the highest emission, but in cities with high traffic density and low meteorological exchange activities, vehicle emissions determine the immission situation, especially in narrow streets. For estimating the potential health effects caused by PAH, it is sufficient to characterize the emission of PAH with respect to their physical state, concentrations, and, as far as the particulate phase is concerned, size distribution. The size distribution is important for transport phenomena, inhalation, and deposition in the respiratory tract. These parameters mainly depend on the combustion system, on system operating conditions, on the exhaust system, and on exhaust cooling conditions. At exhaust-gas temperatures in the range of ambient air temperatures, almost the whole emission of PAH is made up of particulate matter. Y1 - 1978 SN - 0-444-41691-9 U6 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0166-1116(08)71583-8 SP - 263 EP - 266 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Henderson, Colin J. A1 - Wolf, C. Roland A1 - Scheer, Nico ED - Woolf, Thomas F. T1 - The use of transgenic animals to study drug metabolism T2 - Handbook of Drug Metabolism. 2nd Edition Y1 - 2009 SN - 978-1-4200-7647-9 SP - 637 EP - 658 PB - Informa Healthcare CY - New York ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Herrmann, Ulf A1 - Kearney, D. A1 - Röger, M. A1 - Prahl, C. T1 - System performance measurements T2 - The Performance of Concentrated Solar Power (CSP) Systems : Modelling, Measurement and Assessment N2 - This chapter introduces performance and acceptance testing and describes state-of-the-art tools, methods, and instruments to assess the plant performance or realize plant acceptance testing. The status of the development of standards for performance assessment is given. KW - Performance measurement KW - Acceptance tests KW - Plant efficiency Y1 - 2017 SN - 978-0-08-100448-7 U6 - http://dx.doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-08-100447-0.00005-5 SP - 115 EP - 165 PB - Woodhead Publishing CY - Duxford ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Heuermann, Holger A1 - Finger, Torsten ED - Günther, Michael T1 - Microwave Spark Plug for Very High-Pressure Conditions T2 - Ignition systems for gasoline engines Y1 - 2014 SP - 269 EP - 282 PB - DCM Druck CY - Meckenheim ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Hinke, Christian A1 - Vervier, Luisa A1 - Brauner, Philipp A1 - Schneider, Sebastian A1 - Steuer-Dankert, Linda A1 - Ziefle, Martina A1 - Leicht-Scholten, Carmen T1 - Capability configuration in next generation manufacturing T2 - Forecasting next generation manufacturing : digital shadows, human-machine collaboration, and data-driven business models N2 - Industrial production systems are facing radical change in multiple dimensions. This change is caused by technological developments and the digital transformation of production, as well as the call for political and social change to facilitate a transformation toward sustainability. These changes affect both the capabilities of production systems and companies and the design of higher education and educational programs. Given the high uncertainty in the likelihood of occurrence and the technical, economic, and societal impacts of these concepts, we conducted a technology foresight study, in the form of a real-time Delphi analysis, to derive reliable future scenarios featuring the next generation of manufacturing systems. This chapter presents the capabilities dimension and describes each projection in detail, offering current case study examples and discussing related research, as well as implications for policy makers and firms. Specifically, we discuss the benefits of capturing expert knowledge and making it accessible to newcomers, especially in highly specialized industries. The experts argue that in order to cope with the challenges and circumstances of today’s world, students must already during their education at university learn how to work with AI and other technologies. This means that study programs must change and that universities must adapt their structural aspects to meet the needs of the students. Y1 - 2022 SN - 978-3-031-07733-3 U6 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-07734-0_6 SP - 95 EP - 106 PB - Springer CY - Cham ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Hoffschmidt, Bernhard A1 - Alexopoulos, Spiros A1 - Göttsche, Joachim A1 - Sauerborn, Markus T1 - High concentration solar collectors T2 - Comprehensive renewable energy / ed. Ali Sayigh. Vol. 3: Solar thermal systems: components and applications N2 - Solar thermal concentrated power is an emerging technology that provides clean electricity for the growing energy market. To the solar thermal concentrated power plant systems belong the parabolic trough, the Fresnel collector, the solar dish, and the central receiver system. For high-concentration solar collector systems, optical and thermal analysis is essential. There exist a number of measurement techniques and systems for the optical and thermal characterization of the efficiency of solar thermal concentrated systems. For each system, structure, components, and specific characteristics types are described. The chapter presents additionally an outline for the calculation of system performance and operation and maintenance topics. One main focus is set to the models of components and their construction details as well as different types on the market. In the later part of this chapter, different criteria for the choice of technology are analyzed in detail. KW - Central receiver system KW - Concentrated solar collector KW - Fresnel collector KW - Optical and thermal analysis KW - Solar concentration Y1 - 2012 SN - 978-0-08-087873-7 U6 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-08-087872-0.00306-1 VL - 3 SP - 165 EP - 209 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Hoffschmidt, Bernhard A1 - Alexopoulos, Spiros A1 - Göttsche, Joachim A1 - Sauerborn, Markus A1 - Kaufhold, O. T1 - High Concentration Solar Collectors T2 - Comprehensive Renewable Energy (Second Edition) / Volume 3: Solar Thermal Systems: Components and Applications N2 - Solar thermal concentrated power is an emerging technology that provides clean electricity for the growing energy market. To the solar thermal concentrated power plant systems belong the parabolic trough, the Fresnel collector, the solar dish, and the central receiver system. For high-concentration solar collector systems, optical and thermal analysis is essential. There exist a number of measurement techniques and systems for the optical and thermal characterization of the efficiency of solar thermal concentrated systems. For each system, structure, components, and specific characteristics types are described. The chapter presents additionally an outline for the calculation of system performance and operation and maintenance topics. One main focus is set to the models of components and their construction details as well as different types on the market. In the later part of this article, different criteria for the choice of technology are analyzed in detail. KW - Central receiver system KW - Concentrated solar collector KW - Solar dish KW - Solar concentration Y1 - 2022 SN - 978-0-12-819734-9 U6 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-819727-1.00058-3 SP - 198 EP - 245 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Hoffschmidt, Bernhard A1 - Alexopoulos, Spiros A1 - Rau, Christoph A1 - Sattler, Johannes, Christoph A1 - Anthrakidis, Anette A1 - Teixeira Boura, Cristiano José A1 - O'Connor, P. A1 - Hilger, Patrick T1 - Concentrating solar power T2 - Comprehensive renewable energy / ed. Ali Sayigh. Vol. 3: Solar thermal systems: components and applications Y1 - 2012 SN - 978-0-08-087872-0 U6 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-08-087872-0.00319-X VL - 3 SP - 595 EP - 636 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Hoffschmidt, Bernhard A1 - Alexopoulos, Spiros A1 - Rau, Christoph A1 - Sattler, Johannes, Christoph A1 - Anthrakidis, Anette A1 - Teixeira Boura, Cristiano José A1 - O’Connor, B. A1 - Caminos, R.A. Chico A1 - Rendón, C. A1 - Hilger, P. T1 - Concentrating Solar Power T2 - Earth systems and environmental sciences N2 - The focus of this chapter is the production of power and the use of the heat produced from concentrated solar thermal power (CSP) systems. The chapter starts with the general theoretical principles of concentrating systems including the description of the concentration ratio, the energy and mass balance. The power conversion systems is the main part where solar-only operation and the increase in operational hours. Solar-only operation include the use of steam turbines, gas turbines, organic Rankine cycles and solar dishes. The operational hours can be increased with hybridization and with storage. Another important topic is the cogeneration where solar cooling, desalination and of heat usage is described. Many examples of commercial CSP power plants as well as research facilities from the past as well as current installed and in operation are described in detail. The chapter closes with economic and environmental aspects and with the future potential of the development of CSP around the world. KW - Central receiver power plant KW - Concentrated systems KW - Concentrating solar power KW - Fresnel power plant KW - Gas turbine Y1 - 2021 SN - 978-0-12-409548-9 U6 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-819727-1.00089-3 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Hoffschmidt, Bernhard A1 - Alexopoulos, Spiros A1 - Rau, Christoph A1 - Sattler, Johannes, Christoph A1 - Anthrakidis, Anette A1 - Teixeira Boura, Cristiano José A1 - O’Connor, B. A1 - Chico Caminos, R.A. A1 - Rendón, C. A1 - Hilger, P. T1 - Concentrating solar power T2 - Comprehensive Renewable Energy (Second Edition) / Volume 3: Solar Thermal Systems: Components and Applications N2 - The focus of this chapter is the production of power and the use of the heat produced from concentrated solar thermal power (CSP) systems. The chapter starts with the general theoretical principles of concentrating systems including the description of the concentration ratio, the energy and mass balance. The power conversion systems is the main part where solar-only operation and the increase in operational hours. Solar-only operation include the use of steam turbines, gas turbines, organic Rankine cycles and solar dishes. The operational hours can be increased with hybridization and with storage. Another important topic is the cogeneration where solar cooling, desalination and of heat usage is described. Many examples of commercial CSP power plants as well as research facilities from the past as well as current installed and in operation are described in detail. The chapter closes with economic and environmental aspects and with the future potential of the development of CSP around the world. KW - Central receiver power plant KW - Concentrated systems KW - Gas turbine KW - Hybridization KW - Power conversion systems Y1 - 2022 SN - 978-0-12-819734-9 SP - 670 EP - 724 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Hoffschmidt, Bernhard A1 - Faber, Christian T1 - Lighthouse project for North-Rhine Westfalia - Solar thermal R & D Power Planet in Jülich T2 - Energy security, climate change and sustainable development / ed. Jyotirmay Mathur ... Y1 - 2007 SN - 81-88342-81-5 SP - 101 EP - 116 PB - Anamaya Publ. CY - New Delhi ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Ibanez-Sanchez, Gema A1 - Wolf, Martin T1 - Interactive Process Mining-Induced Change Management Methodology for Healthcare T2 - Interactive Process Mining in Healthcare N2 - The adoption of the Digital Health Transformation is a tremendous paradigm change in health organizations, which is not a trivial process in reality. For that reason, in this chapter, it is proposed a methodology with the objective to generate a changing culture in healthcare organisations. Such a change culture is essential for the successful implementation of any supporting methods like Interactive Process Mining. It needs to incorporate (mostly) new ways of team-based and evidence-based approaches for solving structural problems in a digital healthcare environment. KW - Methodology KW - Change culture KW - Lean thinking KW - Interactive process mining KW - Objective data Y1 - 2020 SN - 978-3-030-53993-1 (Online) SN - 978-3-030-53992-4 (Print) U6 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-53993-1_16 SP - 267 EP - 293 PB - Springer CY - Cham ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Kallweit, Stephan A1 - Gottschalk, Michael A1 - Walenta, Robert T1 - ROS based safety concept for collaborative robots in industrial applications T2 - Advances in robot design and intelligent control : proceedings of the 24th International Conference on Robotics in Alpe-Adria-Danube Region (RAAD). (Advances in intelligent systems and computing ; 371) N2 - The production and assembly of customized products increases the demand for flexible automation systems. One approach is to remove the safety fences that separate human and industrial robot to combine their skills. This collaboration possesses a certain risk for the human co-worker, leading to numerous safety concepts to protect him. The human needs to be monitored and tracked by a safety system using different sensors. The proposed system consists of a RGBD camera for surveillance of the common working area, an array of optical distance sensors to compensate shadowing effects of the RGBD camera and a laser range finder to detect the co-worker when approaching the work cell. The software for collision detection, path planning, robot control and predicting the behaviour of the co-worker is based on the Robot Operating System (ROS). A first prototype of the work cell shows that with advanced algorithms from the field of mobile robotics a very flexible safety concept can be realized: the robot not simply stops its movement when detecting a collision, but plans and executes an alternative path around the obstacle. KW - Collaborative robot KW - Human-Robot interaction KW - Safety concept KW - Workspace monitoring KW - Path planning Y1 - 2016 SN - 978-3-319-21289-0 (Print) ; 978-3-319-21290-6 (E-Book) U6 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-21290-6_3 SP - 27 EP - 35 PB - Springer CY - Cham ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Kirchner, Patrick A1 - Reisert, Steffen A1 - Schöning, Michael Josef T1 - Calorimetric gas sensors for hydrogen peroxide monitoring in aseptic food processes T2 - Gas sensing fundamentals. (Springer Series on Chemical Sensors and Biosensors ; 15) N2 - For the sterilisation of aseptic food packages it is taken advantage of the microbicidal properties of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Especially, when applied in vapour phase, it has shown high potential of microbial inactivation. In addition, it offers a high environmental compatibility compared to other chemical sterilisation agents, as it decomposes into oxygen and water, respectively. Due to a lack in sensory detection possibilities, a continuous monitoring of the H2O2 concentration was recently not available. Instead, the sterilisation efficacy is validated using microbiological tests. However, progresses in the development of calorimetric gas sensors during the last 7 years have made it possible to monitor the H2O2 concentration during operation. This chapter deals with the fundamentals of calorimetric gas sensing with special focus on the detection of gaseous hydrogen peroxide. A sensor principle based on a calorimetric differential set-up is described. Special emphasis is given to the sensor design with respect to the operational requirements under field conditions. The state-of-the-art regarding a sensor set-up for the on-line monitoring and secondly, a miniaturised sensor for in-line monitoring are summarised. Furthermore, alternative detection methods and a novel multi-sensor system for the characterisation of aseptic sterilisation processes are described. KW - Calorimetric gas sensor KW - Hydrogen peroxide KW - Multi-sensor system Y1 - 2014 SN - 978-3-642-54518-4 (Print) ; 978-3-642-54519-1 (Online) U6 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/5346_2013_51 SP - 279 EP - 309 PB - Springer CY - Heidelberg ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Knott, Thomas C. A1 - Sofronia, Raluca E. A1 - Gerressen, Marcus A1 - Law, Yuen A1 - Davidescu, Arjana A1 - Savii, George G. A1 - Gatzweiler, Karl-Heinz A1 - Staat, Manfred A1 - Kuhlen, Torsten W. T1 - Preliminary bone sawing model for a virtual reality-based training simulator of bilateral sagittal split osteotomy T2 - Biomedical simulation : 6th International Symposium, ISBMS 2014, Strasbourg, France, October 16-17, 2014 : proceedings (Lecture notes in computer science : vol. 8789) N2 - Successful bone sawing requires a high level of skill and experience, which could be gained by the use of Virtual Reality-based simulators. A key aspect of these medical simulators is realistic force feedback. The aim of this paper is to model the bone sawing process in order to develop a valid training simulator for the bilateral sagittal split osteotomy, the most often applied corrective surgery in case of a malposition of the mandible. Bone samples from a human cadaveric mandible were tested using a designed experimental system. Image processing and statistical analysis were used for the selection of four models for the bone sawing process. The results revealed a polynomial dependency between the material removal rate and the applied force. Differences between the three segments of the osteotomy line and between the cortical and cancellous bone were highlighted. KW - Bone sawing KW - virtual reality KW - training simulator Y1 - 2014 SN - 978-3-319-12057-7 (Online) SN - 978-3-319-12056-0 (Print) U6 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-12057-7_1 SP - 1 EP - 10 PB - Springer CY - Cham ER -