TY - JOUR A1 - Finkenberger, Isabel Maria T1 - Transformatives Forschen, Lehren und Handeln im Rheinischen Braunkohlerevier JF - Forum Wohnen und Stadtentwicklung N2 - Die Institution Hochschule hat das Potenzial, über transformatives Forschen und Lehren und den entsprechenden Wissenstransfer in den lokalen Kontext strategisch-verlässliche Partnerin der Großen Transformation zur Nachhaltigkeit zu werden und bei der Ausbildung von Pionierinnen und Pionieren des Wandels mitzuwirken. Der Lehr- und Forschungsschwerpunkt „Zukunftsfähige Transformation” am Fachbereich Architektur der FH Aachen widmet sich seit 2020 dem Tagebauumfeld Hambach im Rheinischen Revier, um dort angewandt und in Kooperation neue Narrative, innovative Prozesse, ortsbezogene Konzepte und strategische Projekte zu entwickeln und umzusetzen. Y1 - 2024 SN - 1439-7242 VL - 2022 IS - 2 SP - 69 EP - 72 PB - vhw CY - Berlin ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kahmann, Stephanie L. A1 - Rausch, Valentin A1 - Plümer, Jonathan A1 - Müller, Lars P. A1 - Pieper, Martin A1 - Wegmann, Kilian T1 - The automized fracture edge detection and generation of three-dimensional fracture probability heat maps JF - Medical Engineering & Physics N2 - With proven impact of statistical fracture analysis on fracture classifications, it is desirable to minimize the manual work and to maximize repeatability of this approach. We address this with an algorithm that reduces the manual effort to segmentation, fragment identification and reduction. The fracture edge detection and heat map generation are performed automatically. With the same input, the algorithm always delivers the same output. The tool transforms one intact template consecutively onto each fractured specimen by linear least square optimization, detects the fragment edges in the template and then superimposes them to generate a fracture probability heat map. We hypothesized that the algorithm runs faster than the manual evaluation and with low (< 5 mm) deviation. We tested the hypothesis in 10 fractured proximal humeri and found that it performs with good accuracy (2.5 mm ± 2.4 mm averaged Euclidean distance) and speed (23 times faster). When applied to a distal humerus, a tibia plateau, and a scaphoid fracture, the run times were low (1–2 min), and the detected edges correct by visual judgement. In the geometrically complex acetabulum, at a run time of 78 min some outliers were considered acceptable. An automatically generated fracture probability heat map based on 50 proximal humerus fractures matches the areas of high risk of fracture reported in medical literature. Such automation of the fracture analysis method is advantageous and could be extended to reduce the manual effort even further. KW - Fracture classification KW - Shoulder KW - Probability distribution mapping KW - Morphing KW - Imaging Y1 - 2022 SN - 1350-4533 VL - 2022 IS - 110 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - RPRT A1 - Siegert, Petra A1 - Bongaerts, Johannes A1 - Wagner, Torsten A1 - Schöning, Michael Josef A1 - Selmer, Thorsten T1 - Abschlussbericht zum Projekt zur Überwachung biotechnologischer Prozesse mittels Diacetyl-/Acetoin-Biosensor und Evaluierung von Acetoin-Reduktasen zur Verwendung in Biotransformationen Y1 - 2022 N1 - Laufzeit: 01.01.2016 – 31.12.2019 (verlängert bis 31.12.2020) Förderkennzeichen: 322-8.03.04.02-FH-Struktur 2016/02 Gefördert durch: Ministerium für Innovation, Wissenschaft und Forschung des Landes Nordrhein-Westfalen CY - Aachen ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Abbas, Karim A1 - Balc, Nicolae A1 - Bremen, Sebastian A1 - Skupin, Marco T1 - Crystallization and aging behavior of polyetheretherketone PEEK within rapid tooling and rubber molding JF - Journal of Manufacturing and Materials Processing N2 - In times of short product life cycles, additive manufacturing and rapid tooling are important methods to make tool development and manufacturing more efficient. High-performance polymers are the key to mold production for prototypes and small series. However, the high temperatures during vulcanization injection molding cause thermal aging and can impair service life. The extent to which the thermal stress over the entire process chain stresses the material and whether it leads to irreversible material aging is evaluated. To this end, a mold made of PEEK is fabricated using fused filament fabrication and examined for its potential application. The mold is heated to 200 ◦C, filled with rubber, and cured. A differential scanning calorimetry analysis of each process step illustrates the crystallization behavior and first indicates the material resistance. It shows distinct cold crystallization regions at a build chamber temperature of 90 ◦C. At an ambient temperature above Tg, crystallization of 30% is achieved, and cold crystallization no longer occurs. Additional tensile tests show a decrease in tensile strength after ten days of thermal aging. The steady decrease in recrystallization temperature indicates degradation of the additives. However, the tensile tests reveal steady embrittlement of the material due to increasing crosslinking. KW - additive manufacturing KW - fused filament fabrication KW - crystallization KW - polyetheretherketone KW - rapid tooling Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/jmmp6050093 SN - 2504-4494 N1 - The article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Injection Molding: Process, Materials and Applications VL - 6 IS - 5 SP - 1 EP - 12 PB - MDPI CY - Basel ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Funke, Harald A1 - Beckmann, Nils T1 - Flexible fuel operation of a Dry-Low-NOx Micromix Combustor with Variable Hydrogen Methane Mixture JF - International Journal of Gas Turbine, Propulsion and Power Systems N2 - The role of hydrogen (H2) as a carbon-free energy carrier is discussed since decades for reducing greenhouse gas emissions. As bridge technology towards a hydrogen-based energy supply, fuel mixtures of natural gas or methane (CH4) and hydrogen are possible. The paper presents the first test results of a low-emission Micromix combustor designed for flexible-fuel operation with variable H2/CH4 mixtures. The numerical and experimental approach for considering variable fuel mixtures instead of recently investigated pure hydrogen is described. In the experimental studies, a first generation FuelFlex Micromix combustor geometry is tested at atmospheric pressure at gas turbine operating conditions corresponding to part- and full-load. The H2/CH4 fuel mixture composition is varied between 57 and 100 vol.% hydrogen content. Despite the challenges flexible-fuel operation poses onto the design of a combustion system, the evaluated FuelFlex Micromix prototype shows a significant low NOx performance Y1 - 2022 SN - 1882-5079 VL - 13 IS - 2 SP - 1 EP - 7 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Langohr, Philipp A1 - Bung, Daniel Bernhard A1 - Crookston, Brian M. ED - Ortega-Sánchez, Miguel T1 - Hybrid investigation of labyrinth weirs: Discharge capacity and energy dissipation T2 - Proceedings of the 39th IAHR World Congress N2 - The replacement of existing spillway crests or gates with labyrinth weirs is a proven techno-economical means to increase the discharge capacity when rehabilitating existing structures. However, additional information is needed regarding energy dissipation of such weirs, since due to the folded weir crest, a three-dimensional flow field is generated, yielding more complex overflow and energy dissipation processes. In this study, CFD simulations of labyrinth weirs were conducted 1) to analyze the discharge coefficients for different discharges to compare the Cd values to literature data and 2) to analyze and improve energy dissipation downstream of the structure. All tests were performed for a structure at laboratory scale with a height of approx. P = 30.5 cm, a ratio of the total crest length to the total width of 4.7, a sidewall angle of 10° and a quarter-round weir crest shape. Tested headwater ratios were 0.089 ≤ HT/P ≤ 0.817. For numerical simulations, FLOW-3D Hydro was employed, solving the RANS equations with use of finite-volume method and RNG k-ε turbulence closure. In terms of discharge capacity, results were compared to data from physical model tests performed at the Utah Water Research Laboratory (Utah State University), emphasizing higher discharge coefficients from CFD than from the physical model. For upstream heads, some discrepancy in the range of ± 1 cm between literature, CFD and physical model tests was identified with a discussion regarding differences included in the manuscript. For downstream energy dissipation, variable tailwater depths were considered to analyze the formation and sweep-out of a hydraulic jump. It was found that even for high discharges, relatively low downstream Froude numbers were obtained due to high energy dissipation involved by the three-dimensional flow between the sidewalls. The effects of some additional energy dissipation devices, e.g. baffle blocks or end sills, were also analyzed. End sills were found to be non-effective. However, baffle blocks with different locations may improve energy dissipation downstream of labyrinth weirs. Y1 - 2022 SN - 978-90-832612-1-8 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3850/IAHR-39WC252171192022738 SN - 2521-7119 (print) SN - 2521-716X (online) N1 - 39th IAHR World Congress, 19. - 24. Juni 2022, Granada SP - 2313 EP - 2318 PB - International Association for Hydro-Environment Engineering and Research (IAHR) CY - Madrid ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Crookston, Brian M. A1 - Bung, Daniel Bernhard ED - Ortega-Sánchez, Miguel T1 - Application of RGB-D cameras in hydraulic laboratory studies T2 - Proceedings of the 39th IAHR World Congress N2 - Non-intrusive measuring techniques have attained a lot of interest in relation to both hydraulic modeling and prototype applications. Complimenting acoustic techniques, significant progress has been made for the development of new optical methods. Computer vision techniques can help to extract new information, e. g. high-resolution velocity and depth data, from videos captured with relatively inexpensive, consumer-grade cameras. Depth cameras are sensors providing information on the distance between the camera and observed features. Currently, sensors with different working principles are available. Stereoscopic systems reference physical image features (passive system) from two perspectives; in order to enhance the number of features and improve the results, a sensor may also estimate the disparity from a detected light to its original projection (active stereo system). In the current study, the RGB-D camera Intel RealSense D435, working on such stereo vision principle, is used in different, typical hydraulic modeling applications. All tests have been conducted at the Utah Water Research Laboratory. This paper will demonstrate the performance and limitations of the RGB-D sensor, installed as a single camera and as camera arrays, applied to 1) detect the free surface for highly turbulent, aerated hydraulic jumps, for free-falling jets and for an energy dissipation basin downstream of a labyrinth weir and 2) to monitor local scours upstream and downstream of a Piano Key Weir. It is intended to share the authors’ experiences with respect to camera settings, calibration, lightning conditions and other requirements in order to promote this useful, easily accessible device. Results will be compared to data from classical instrumentation and the literature. It will be shown that even in difficult application, e. g. the detection of a highly turbulent, fluctuating free-surface, the RGB-D sensor may yield similar accuracy as classical, intrusive probes. Y1 - 2022 SN - 978-90-832612-1-8 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3850/IAHR-39WC252171192022964 SN - 2521-7119 (print) SN - 2521-716X (online) N1 - 39th IAHR World Congress, 19. - 24. Juni 2022, Granada SP - 5127 EP - 5133 PB - International Association for Hydro-Environment Engineering and Research (IAHR) CY - Madrid ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Marinkovic, Marko A1 - Butenweg, Christoph T1 - Numerical analysis of the in-plane behaviour of decoupled masonry infilled RC frames JF - Engineering Structures N2 - Damage of reinforced concrete (RC) frames with masonry infill walls has been observed after many earthquakes. Brittle behaviour of the masonry infills in combination with the ductile behaviour of the RC frames makes infill walls prone to damage during earthquakes. Interstory deformations lead to an interaction between the infill and the RC frame, which affects the structural response. The result of this interaction is significant damage to the infill wall and sometimes to the surrounding structural system too. In most design codes, infill walls are considered as non-structural elements and neglected in the design process, because taking into account the infills and considering the interaction between frame and infill in software packages can be complicated and impractical. A good way to avoid negative aspects arising from this behavior is to ensure no or low-interaction of the frame and infill wall, for instance by decoupling the infill from the frame. This paper presents the numerical study performed to investigate new connection system called INODIS (Innovative Decoupled Infill System) for decoupling infill walls from surrounding frame with the aim to postpone infill activation to high interstory drifts thus reducing infill/frame interaction and minimizing damage to both infills and frames. The experimental results are first used for calibration and validation of the numerical model, which is then employed for investigating the influence of the material parameters as well as infill’s and frame’s geometry on the in-plane behaviour of the infilled frames with the INODIS system. For all the investigated situations, simulation results show significant improvements in behaviour for decoupled infilled RC frames in comparison to the traditionally infilled frames. KW - Seismic loading KW - Earthquake KW - In-plane performance, isolation KW - Infill wall design KW - Numerical modelling Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2022.114959 SN - 0141-0296 VL - 272 IS - 1 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Haeger, Gerrit A1 - Bongaerts, Johannes A1 - Siegert, Petra T1 - A convenient ninhydrin assay in 96-well format for amino acid-releasing enzymes using an air-stable reagent JF - Analytical Biochemistry N2 - An improved and convenient ninhydrin assay for aminoacylase activity measurements was developed using the commercial EZ Nin™ reagent. Alternative reagents from literature were also evaluated and compared. The addition of DMSO to the reagent enhanced the solubility of Ruhemann's purple (RP). Furthermore, we found that the use of a basic, aqueous buffer enhances stability of RP. An acidic protocol for the quantification of lysine was developed by addition of glacial acetic acid. The assay allows for parallel processing in a 96-well format with measurements microtiter plates. Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ab.2022.114819 SN - 1096-0309 IS - 624 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Eggert, Mathias A1 - Kreuzer, Vincent T1 - Sprachsteuerung im Gesundheitswesen – Anforderungen und Auswahl geeigneter Anbieter T1 - Voice control in healthcare—requirements and provider selection JF - HMD Praxis der Wirtschaftsinformatik N2 - Das Gesundheitswesen ist konfrontiert mit steigenden Kosten und einer immer schwieriger werdenden Personalsituation. Zeitgleich versprechen moderne Sprachsteuerungssysteme Prozesse in Arztpraxen und Krankenhäusern zu verschlanken und Vorgänge zu beschleunigen. Dennoch wird derzeit der Einsatz von Sprachsteuerungssystemen in Arztpraxen oder Krankenhäusern nur selten beobachtet, was auch an den besonders strengen Datenschutzauflagen der Datenschutzgrundverordnung (DSGVO) liegt. Darüber hinaus wirft die niedrige Nutzungsrate die Frage nach den konkreten Anforderungen und ihrer Umsetzbarkeit auf, was durch den vorliegenden Beitrag adressiert wird, indem die Ergebnisse von Interviews mit acht medizinischen Fachexperten ausgewertet werden. Ergänzend wird die technische Umsetzbarkeit einzelner Anforderungen mit unterschiedlichen Cloud-Anbietern erprobt. KW - Gesundheitswesen KW - Sprachsteuerung KW - Sprachassistent KW - Anforderungen KW - Umsetzbarkeit Y1 - 2022 SN - 2198-2775 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1365/s40702-022-00919-z SN - 1436-3011 N1 - Corresponding author: Mathias Eggert VL - 59 SP - 1640 EP - 1652 PB - Springer Vieweg CY - Wiesbaden ER - TY - THES A1 - Böhler, Jennifer T1 - Environmental injustice : how environmental inequality impacts low socio-economic communities. N2 - Das Projekt beschäftigt sich mit der Informationsvermittlung zu dem Thema “Environmental Injustice” in Form einer Website. “Environmental Injustice” beschreibt die systematische unfaire Behandlung von verschiedenen Communities durch Länder/Regierungen, Firmen und unabhängige Akteure. In dem Bereich werden weitestgehend Schäden im Zusammenhang mit Ressourcen, dessen Abbau, gefährlichen Abfällen und Chancenungleichheit beschrieben. Das Projekt ist generell eine Sammlung, die als Anlaufstelle zur Weiterbildung in dem Thema dienen soll. Dies geschieht durch gestalterische Aufarbeitung, Illustration und Kategorisierung. KW - Informationsdesign KW - Illustration KW - Umweltungerechtigkeit KW - Website KW - Webdesign Y1 - 2022 PB - FH Aachen CY - Aachen ER - TY - GEN A1 - Krafft, Simone A1 - Kuka, Katrin A1 - Ulber, Roland A1 - Tippkötter, Nils T1 - Utilization of Lolium perenne varieties as a renewable substrate for single-cell proteins, lactate, and composite materials T2 - Chemie Ingenieur Technik N2 - Lolium perenne (perennial ryegrass) is aproductive and high-quality forage grass indigenous to Southern Europe, temperate Asia, and North Africa. Nowadays it is widespread and the dominant grass species on green areas in temperate climates. This abundant source of biomass is suitable for the development of bioeconomic processes because of its high cellulose and water-soluble carbohydrate content. In this work, novel breeds of the perennial ryegrass are being examined with regards to their quality parameters and biotechnological utilization options within the context of bioeconomy. Three processing operations are presented. In the first process, the perennial ryegrass is pretreated by pressing or hydrothermal extraction to derive glucosevia subsequent enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose. A yield of up to 82 % glucose was achieved when using the hydrothermal ex-traction as pretreatment. In a second process, the ryegrass is used to produce lactic acid in high concentrations. The influence of the growth conditions and the cutting time on the carboxylic acid yield is investigated. A yield of lactic acid of above 150 g kg⁻¹ dry matter was achieved. The third process is to use Lolium perenne as a substrate in the fermentation of K. marxianus for the microbial production of single-cell proteins. The perennial ryegrass is screw-pressed and the press juice is used as medium. When supplementing the press juice with yeast media components, a biomass concentration of up to 16 g L⁻¹ could be achieved. Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/cite.202255306 SN - 0009-286X SN - 1522-2640 (eISSN) N1 - ProcessNet and DECHEMA‐BioTechNet Jahrestagungen 2022 together with 13th ESBES Symposium 2022, 12. - 15. September 2022, Eurogress Aachen VL - 94 IS - 9 SP - 1303 EP - 1304 PB - Wiley-VCH CY - Weinheim ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Burgeth, Bernhard A1 - Kleefeld, Andreas A1 - Zhang, Eugene A1 - Zhang, Yue ED - Baudrier, Étienne ED - Naegel, Benoît ED - Krähenbühl, Adrien ED - Tajine, Mohamed T1 - Towards Topological Analysis of Non-symmetric Tensor Fields via Complexification T2 - Discrete Geometry and Mathematical Morphology N2 - Fields of asymmetric tensors play an important role in many applications such as medical imaging (diffusion tensor magnetic resonance imaging), physics, and civil engineering (for example Cauchy-Green-deformation tensor, strain tensor with local rotations, etc.). However, such asymmetric tensors are usually symmetrized and then further processed. Using this procedure results in a loss of information. A new method for the processing of asymmetric tensor fields is proposed restricting our attention to tensors of second-order given by a 2x2 array or matrix with real entries. This is achieved by a transformation resulting in Hermitian matrices that have an eigendecomposition similar to symmetric matrices. With this new idea numerical results for real-world data arising from a deformation of an object by external forces are given. It is shown that the asymmetric part indeed contains valuable information. Y1 - 2022 SN - 978-3-031-19897-7 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-19897-7_5 N1 - Second International Joint Conference, DGMM 2022, Strasbourg, France, October 24–27, 2022 N1 - Corresponding author: Andreas Kleefeld SP - 48 EP - 59 PB - Springer CY - Cham ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Rübbelke, Dirk A1 - Vögele, Stefan A1 - Grajewski, Matthias A1 - Zobel, Luzy T1 - Hydrogen-based steel production and global climate protection: An empirical analysis of the potential role of a European cross border adjustment mechanism JF - Journal of Cleaner Production N2 - The European Union's aim to become climate neutral by 2050 necessitates ambitious efforts to reduce carbon emissions. Large reductions can be attained particularly in energy intensive sectors like iron and steel. In order to prevent the relocation of such industries outside the EU in the course of tightening environmental regulations, the establishment of a climate club jointly with other large emitters and alternatively the unilateral implementation of an international cross-border carbon tax mechanism are proposed. This article focuses on the latter option choosing the steel sector as an example. In particular, we investigate the financial conditions under which a European cross border mechanism is capable to protect hydrogen-based steel production routes employed in Europe against more polluting competition from abroad. By using a floor price model, we assess the competitiveness of different steel production routes in selected countries. We evaluate the climate friendliness of steel production on the basis of specific GHG emissions. In addition, we utilize an input-output price model. It enables us to assess impacts of rising cost of steel production on commodities using steel as intermediates. Our results raise concerns that a cross-border tax mechanism will not suffice to bring about competitiveness of hydrogen-based steel production in Europe because the cost tends to remain higher than the cost of steel production in e.g. China. Steel is a classic example for a good used mainly as intermediate for other products. Therefore, a cross-border tax mechanism for steel will increase the price of products produced in the EU that require steel as an input. This can in turn adversely affect competitiveness of these sectors. Hence, the effects of higher steel costs on European exports should be borne in mind and could require the cross-border adjustment mechanism to also subsidize exports. Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2022.135040 SN - 0959-6526 VL - 380 IS - Part 2, Art. Nr.:135040 PB - Elsevier ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Mahdi, Zahra A1 - Dersch, Jürgen A1 - Schmitz, Pascal A1 - Dieckmann, Simon A1 - Chico Caminos, Ricardo Alexander A1 - Teixeira Boura, Cristiano José A1 - Herrmann, Ulf A1 - Schwager, Christian A1 - Schmitz, Mark A1 - Gielen, Hans A1 - Gedle, Yibekal A1 - Büscher, Rauno T1 - Technical assessment of Brayton cycle heat pumps for the integration in hybrid PV-CSP power plants T2 - SOLARPACES 2020 N2 - The hybridization of Concentrated Solar Power (CSP) and Photovoltaics (PV) systems is a promising approach to reduce costs of solar power plants, while increasing dispatchability and flexibility of power generation. High temperature heat pumps (HT HP) can be utilized to boost the salt temperature in the thermal energy storage (TES) of a Parabolic Trough Collector (PTC) system from 385 °C up to 565 °C. A PV field can supply the power for the HT HP, thus effectively storing the PV power as thermal energy. Besides cost-efficiently storing energy from the PV field, the power block efficiency of the overall system is improved due to the higher steam parameters. This paper presents a technical assessment of Brayton cycle heat pumps to be integrated in hybrid PV-CSP power plants. As a first step, a theoretical analysis was carried out to find the most suitable working fluid. The analysis included the fluids Air, Argon (Ar), Nitrogen (N2) and Carbon dioxide (CO2). N2 has been chosen as the optimal working fluid for the system. After the selection of the ideal working medium, different concepts for the arrangement of a HT HP in a PV-CSP hybrid power plant were developed and simulated in EBSILON®Professional. The concepts were evaluated technically by comparing the number of components required, pressure losses and coefficient of performance (COP). KW - Solar thermal technologies KW - Hybrid energy system KW - Concentrated solar power KW - Power plants KW - Energy storage Y1 - 2022 SN - 978-0-7354-4195-8 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0086269 SN - 1551-7616 (online) SN - 0094-243X (print) N1 - SOLARPACES 2020: 26th International Conference on Concentrating Solar Power and Chemical Energy Systems, 28 September–2 October 2020, Freiburg, Germany IS - 2445 / 1 PB - AIP conference proceedings / American Institute of Physics CY - Melville, NY ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hoffmann, Andreas A1 - Rohrbach, Felix A1 - Uhl, Matthias A1 - Ceblin, Maximilian A1 - Bauer, Thomas A1 - Mallah, Marcel A1 - Jacob, Timo A1 - Heuermann, Holger A1 - Kuehne, Alexander J. C. T1 - Atmospheric pressure plasma-jet treatment of polyacrylonitrile-nonwovens—Stabilization and roll-to-roll processing JF - Journal of Applied Polymer Science N2 - Carbon nanofiber nonwovens represent a powerful class of materials with prospective application in filtration technology or as electrodes with high surface area in batteries, fuel cells, and supercapacitors. While new precursor-to-carbon conversion processes have been explored to overcome productivity restrictions for carbon fiber tows, alternatives for the two-step thermal conversion of polyacrylonitrile precursors into carbon fiber nonwovens are absent. In this work, we develop a continuous roll-to-roll stabilization process using an atmospheric pressure microwave plasma jet. We explore the influence of various plasma-jet parameters on the morphology of the nonwoven and compare the stabilized nonwoven to thermally stabilized samples using scanning electron microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, and infrared spectroscopy. We show that stabilization with a non-equilibrium plasma-jet can be twice as productive as the conventional thermal stabilization in a convection furnace, while producing electrodes of comparable electrochemical performance. KW - batteries and fuel cells KW - electrospinning KW - fibers KW - irradiation KW - porous materials Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/app.52887 SN - 0021-8995 (Print) SN - 1097-4628 (Online) N1 - Weitere Informationen: Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung, Fördernummer: 13XP5036E. Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, Fördernummern: 390874152, 441209207, 327886311 VL - 139 IS - 37 SP - 1 EP - 9 PB - Wiley ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Zahra, Mahdi A1 - Phani Srujan, Merige A1 - Chico Caminos, Ricardo Alexander A1 - Schmitz, Pascal A1 - Herrmann, Ulf A1 - Teixeira Boura, Cristiano José A1 - Schmitz, Mark A1 - Gielen, Hans A1 - Gedle, Yibekal A1 - Dersch, Jürgen T1 - Modeling the thermal behavior of solar salt in electrical resistance heaters for the application in PV-CSP hybrid power plants T2 - SOLARPACES 2020 N2 - Concentrated Solar Power (CSP) systems are able to store energy cost-effectively in their integrated thermal energy storage (TES). By intelligently combining Photovoltaics (PV) systems with CSP, a further cost reduction of solar power plants is expected, as well as an increase in dispatchability and flexibility of power generation. PV-powered Resistance Heaters (RH) can be deployed to raise the temperature of the molten salt hot storage from 385 °C up to 565 °C in a Parabolic Trough Collector (PTC) plant. To avoid freezing and decomposition of molten salt, the temperature distribution in the electrical resistance heater is investigated in the present study. For this purpose, a RH has been modeled and CFD simulations have been performed. The simulation results show that the hottest regions occur on the electric rod surface behind the last baffle. A technical optimization was performed by adjusting three parameters: Shell-baffle clearance, electric rod-baffle clearance and number of baffles. After the technical optimization was carried out, the temperature difference between the maximum temperature and the average outlet temperature of the salt is within the acceptable limits, thus critical salt decomposition has been avoided. Additionally, the CFD simulations results were analyzed and compared with results obtained with a one-dimensional model in Modelica. KW - Solar thermal technologies KW - Hybrid energy system KW - Concentrated solar power KW - Energy storage KW - Photovoltaics Y1 - 2022 SN - 978-0-7354-4195-8 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0086268 SN - 1551-7616 (online) SN - 0094-243X (print) N1 - SOLARPACES 2020: 26th International Conference on Concentrating Solar Power and Chemical Energy Systems, 28 September–2 October 2020, Freiburg, Germany IS - 2445 / 1 PB - AIP conference proceedings / American Institute of Physics CY - Melville, NY ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Butenweg, Christoph A1 - Marinkovic, Marko A1 - Phlipp, Michel A1 - Lins, Robin A1 - Renaut, Philipp ED - Haghsheno, Shervin T1 - Isolierung und BIM-basiertes Bauwerksmonitoring des neuen Gebäudekomplexes für das BioSense-Institut in Novi Sad, Serbien JF - Bauingenieur N2 - Im Norden von Serbien erfolgt in Novi Sad der Neubau eines modernen Forschungsgebäudes für das BioSense-Institut mit finanzieller Unterstützung durch die Eu-ropäische Union. Der Gebäudeteil mit Laboren wird zum Schutz und zur Sicherstellung des reibungslosen Betriebs der sensiblen und kapitalintensiven technischen Einbauten mit ei-ner Erdbebenisolierung mit integrierter Körperschallisolation versehen. Zusätzlich wird der entkoppelte Laborteil des For-schungsgebäudes mit einem BIM-basierten Bauwerksmonito-ring versehen, um Änderungen des Gebäudezustands jederzeit abfragen und beurteilen zu können. KW - BIM KW - Sensor KW - Monitoring KW - Bauwerksüberwachung KW - Basisisolierung Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.37544/0005-6650-2022-06-28 SN - 1436-4867 SN - 0005-6650 N1 - D-A-CH-Teil VL - 97 IS - 6 SP - S3 EP - S5 PB - VDI Fachmedien CY - Düsseldorf ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Tran, Ngoc Trinh A1 - Trinh, Tu Luc A1 - Dao, Ngoc Tien A1 - Giap, Van Tan A1 - Truong, Manh Khuyen A1 - Dinh, Thuy Ha A1 - Staat, Manfred T1 - Limit and shakedown analysis of structures under random strength T2 - Proceedings of (NACOME2022) The 11th National Conference on Mechanics, Vol. 1. Solid Mechanics, Rock Mechanics, Artificial Intelligence, Teaching and Training N2 - Direct methods comprising limit and shakedown analysis is a branch of computational mechanics. It plays a significant role in mechanical and civil engineering design. The concept of direct method aims to determinate the ultimate load bearing capacity of structures beyond the elastic range. For practical problems, the direct methods lead to nonlinear convex optimization problems with a large number of variables and onstraints. If strength and loading are random quantities, the problem of shakedown analysis is considered as stochastic programming. This paper presents a method so called chance constrained programming, an effective method of stochastic programming, to solve shakedown analysis problem under random condition of strength. In this our investigation, the loading is deterministic, the strength is distributed as normal or lognormal variables. KW - Reliability of structures KW - Stochastic programming KW - Chance constrained programming KW - Shakedown analysis KW - Limit analysis Y1 - 2022 SN - 978-604-357-084-7 N1 - 11th National Conference on Mechanics (NACOME 2022), December 2-3, 2022, VNU University of Engineering and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam SP - 510 EP - 518 PB - Nha xuat ban Khoa hoc tu nhien va Cong nghe (Verlag Naturwissenschaft und Technik) CY - Hanoi ER - TY - THES A1 - Jesse, Judith T1 - Coming to Equal Sex : eine Aufklärungskampagne zur Orgasmuslücke N2 - Die „Orgasmuslücke“ ist ein Begriff aus der Sexualforschung, der die Ungleichheit von Orgasmen zwischen den verschiedenen Geschlechtern und Sexualitäten beschreibt. Sie beruht dabei vor allem auf das problematische Verständnis von Sex, das durch verschiedene kulturelle Einflüsse vermittelt wird. Um über diese Einflüsse aufzuklären, wurde das Format „fuckfulness“ konzipiert. Mithilfe von animierten Videos und darauf aufbauendem Social-Media-Content befasst sich „fuckfulness“ ausführlich mit allen Hintergründen der Orgasmuslücke und gestaltet sexuelle Aufklärung neu. Durch junge und moderne Kommunikation wird das Projekt auch für eine jüngere Zielgruppe unterhaltsam. Ziel ist ein neues Verständnis von Sex, in dem die Bedürfnisse der Frau gleichberechtigt neben denen des Mannes stehen und entsprechende Beachtung finden. So soll die Orgasmuslücke schmaler werden, damit die Gleichstellung endlich auch in den eigenen vier Wänden gelebt werden kann. KW - Kommunikationsdesign KW - Kampagnendesign KW - Konzeption KW - Animation KW - Illustration Y1 - 2022 PB - FH Aachen CY - Aachen ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Harris, Isaac A1 - Kleefeld, Andreas T1 - Analysis and computation of the transmission eigenvalues with a conductive boundary condition JF - Applicable Analysis N2 - We provide a new analytical and computational study of the transmission eigenvalues with a conductive boundary condition. These eigenvalues are derived from the scalar inverse scattering problem for an inhomogeneous material with a conductive boundary condition. The goal is to study how these eigenvalues depend on the material parameters in order to estimate the refractive index. The analytical questions we study are: deriving Faber–Krahn type lower bounds, the discreteness and limiting behavior of the transmission eigenvalues as the conductivity tends to infinity for a sign changing contrast. We also provide a numerical study of a new boundary integral equation for computing the eigenvalues. Lastly, using the limiting behavior we will numerically estimate the refractive index from the eigenvalues provided the conductivity is sufficiently large but unknown. KW - Boundary integral equations KW - Inverse spectral problem KW - Conductive boundary condition KW - Transmission eigenvalues Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/00036811.2020.1789598 SN - 1563-504X VL - 101 IS - 6 SP - 1880 EP - 1895 PB - Taylor & Francis CY - London ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Blaneck, Patrick Gustav A1 - Bornheim, Tobias A1 - Grieger, Niklas A1 - Bialonski, Stephan T1 - Automatic readability assessment of german sentences with transformer ensembles T2 - Proceedings of the GermEval 2022 Workshop on Text Complexity Assessment of German Text N2 - Reliable methods for automatic readability assessment have the potential to impact a variety of fields, ranging from machine translation to self-informed learning. Recently, large language models for the German language (such as GBERT and GPT-2-Wechsel) have become available, allowing to develop Deep Learning based approaches that promise to further improve automatic readability assessment. In this contribution, we studied the ability of ensembles of fine-tuned GBERT and GPT-2-Wechsel models to reliably predict the readability of German sentences. We combined these models with linguistic features and investigated the dependence of prediction performance on ensemble size and composition. Mixed ensembles of GBERT and GPT-2-Wechsel performed better than ensembles of the same size consisting of only GBERT or GPT-2-Wechsel models. Our models were evaluated in the GermEval 2022 Shared Task on Text Complexity Assessment on data of German sentences. On out-of-sample data, our best ensemble achieved a root mean squared error of 0:435. Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2209.04299 N1 - Proceedings of the 18th Conference on Natural Language Processing / Konferenz zur Verarbeitung natürlicher Sprache (KONVENS 2022), 12-15 September, 2022, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany SP - 57 EP - 62 PB - Association for Computational Linguistics CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Defosse, Jerome A1 - Kleinschmidt, Joris A1 - Schmutz, Axel A1 - Loop, Torsten A1 - Staat, Manfred A1 - Gatzweiler, Karl-Heinz A1 - Wappler, Frank A1 - Schieren, Mark T1 - Dental strain on maxillary incisors during tracheal intubation with double-lumen tubes and different laryngoscopy techniques - a blinded manikin study JF - Journal of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia KW - anaesthetic complications KW - dental trauma KW - difficult airway KW - double-lumen tube intubation KW - videolaryngoscopy Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1053/j.jvca.2022.02.017 SN - 1053-0770 VL - 36 IS - 8, Part B SP - 3021 EP - 3027 PB - Elsevier CY - New York, NY ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Rossi, Leonardo A1 - Winands, Mark H. M. A1 - Butenweg, Christoph ED - Zhang, Jessica T1 - Monte Carlo Tree Search as an intelligent search tool in structural design problems JF - Engineering with Computers : An International Journal for Simulation-Based Engineering N2 - Monte Carlo Tree Search (MCTS) is a search technique that in the last decade emerged as a major breakthrough for Artificial Intelligence applications regarding board- and video-games. In 2016, AlphaGo, an MCTS-based software agent, outperformed the human world champion of the board game Go. This game was for long considered almost infeasible for machines, due to its immense search space and the need for a long-term strategy. Since this historical success, MCTS is considered as an effective new approach for many other scientific and technical problems. Interestingly, civil structural engineering, as a discipline, offers many tasks whose solution may benefit from intelligent search and in particular from adopting MCTS as a search tool. In this work, we show how MCTS can be adapted to search for suitable solutions of a structural engineering design problem. The problem consists of choosing the load-bearing elements in a reference reinforced concrete structure, so to achieve a set of specific dynamic characteristics. In the paper, we report the results obtained by applying both a plain and a hybrid version of single-agent MCTS. The hybrid approach consists of an integration of both MCTS and classic Genetic Algorithm (GA), the latter also serving as a term of comparison for the results. The study’s outcomes may open new perspectives for the adoption of MCTS as a design tool for civil engineers. KW - Monte Carlo Tree Search KW - Structural design KW - Artificial intelligence KW - Civil engineering KW - Genetic algorithm Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00366-021-01338-2 SN - 1435-5663 SN - 0177-0667 VL - 38 IS - 4 SP - 3219 EP - 3236 PB - Springer Nature CY - Cham ER - TY - THES A1 - Schmitz, Moritz T1 - Kochen inklusiver gestalten. : Bedürfnisorientiertes Küchensystem für Menschen mit Sehbeeinträchtigungen N2 - Es ist nachweislich gesünder und häufig günstiger selber zu kochen und es gibt dem Menschen mehr Kontrolle über seine Ernährung. Bis dato wird keine Küchenmaschine angeboten, die von blinden Menschen bedient werden kann, obwohl gerade solche Produkte den Alltag dieser Gruppe enorm vereinfachen könnten. „Clu.“ ist ein modulares Küchensystem, welches von einer App unterstützt wird. Die Basis besteht aus einer Küchenmaschine, die über Sprache und haptische Bedienelemente gesteuert wird. Durch die Anwendung des Mehr-Sinne-Prinzip, der Simplifizierung von Funktionen und der Einbindung von Smart Home Komponenten werden nicht nur Menschen mit Sehbeeinträchtigungen profitieren. Beispielsweise funktioniert das Kochen nach Rezept nun ähnlich wie das Hören eines Hörbuches und die User können sich dem in ihrem favorisierten Tempo annehmen. „Clu.“ ist ein Ansatz für eine neue Kategorie von Produkten, die zeigen, wie attraktiv inklusivere Produktlösungen aussehen können. KW - Industrie Design KW - Concept Design KW - Inclusive Design KW - Visual impairment KW - Food processor Y1 - 2022 N1 - Für diese Arbeit steht kein Volltext zur Verfügung. PB - FH Aachen CY - Aachen ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hoffmann, Andreas A1 - Uhl, Matthias A1 - Ceblin, Maximilian A1 - Rohrbach, Felix A1 - Bansmann, Joachim A1 - Mallah, Marcel A1 - Heuermann, Holger A1 - Jacob, Timo A1 - Kuehne, Alexander J.C. T1 - Atmospheric pressure plasma-jet treatment of PAN-nonwovens—carbonization of nanofiber electrodes JF - C - Journal of Carbon Research N2 - Carbon nanofibers are produced from dielectric polymer precursors such as polyacrylonitrile (PAN). Carbonized nanofiber nonwovens show high surface area and good electrical conductivity, rendering these fiber materials interesting for application as electrodes in batteries, fuel cells, and supercapacitors. However, thermal processing is slow and costly, which is why new processing techniques have been explored for carbon fiber tows. Alternatives for the conversion of PAN-precursors into carbon fiber nonwovens are scarce. Here, we utilize an atmospheric pressure plasma jet to conduct carbonization of stabilized PAN nanofiber nonwovens. We explore the influence of various processing parameters on the conductivity and degree of carbonization of the converted nanofiber material. The precursor fibers are converted by plasma-jet treatment to carbon fiber nonwovens within seconds, by which they develop a rough surface making subsequent surface activation processes obsolete. The resulting carbon nanofiber nonwovens are applied as supercapacitor electrodes and examined by cyclic voltammetry and impedance spectroscopy. Nonwovens that are carbonized within 60 s show capacitances of up to 5 F g⁻¹. Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/c8030033 SN - 2311-5629 N1 - This article belongs to the Collection "Nanoporous Carbon Materials for Advanced Technological Applications" VL - 8 IS - 3 PB - MDPI CY - Basel ER - TY - THES A1 - Ioannidou, Martha T1 - Master of Procrastination N2 - In den letzten Jahren ist das Thema “Prokrastinieren” omnipräsent geworden. Gegensätzlich dazu versuchen immer mehr Menschen sich zu optimieren. Ziel dieser Arbeit ergibt sich in der Verbindung dieser paradoxen Vorgänge. Im Video wird nicht nur der Begriff Prokrastinieren erklärt, sondern auch ein faktisch basierter Leitfaden zum verbesserten Aufschieben präsentiert. Der Zuschauer kann sich in humoristisch und ironischer Art mit der Thematik auseinandersetzten, Ohne sich mit der negativen Konnotation zu beschäftigen. “Master of Procrastination” eröffnet einen neuen Blickwinkel und informierten Gleichermaßen zu einer unbeliebten Problematik. KW - Prokrastinieren KW - Aufschieben KW - Aufschieberitis KW - Machichmorgen KW - Leitfaden Y1 - 2022 PB - FH Aachen CY - Aachen ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Milijaš, Aleksa A1 - Šakić, Bogdan A1 - Marinković, Marko A1 - Butenweg, Christoph A1 - Gams, Matija A1 - Klinkel, Sven ED - Arion, Cristian ED - Scupin, Alexandra ED - Ţigănescu, Alexandru T1 - Effects of prior in-plane damage on out-of-plane response of masonry infills with openings T2 - The Third European Conference on Earthquake Engineering and Seismology N2 - Masonry infill walls are the most traditional enclosure system that is still widely used in RC frame buildings all over the world, particularly in seismic active regions. Although infill walls are usually neglected in seismic design, during an earthquake event they are subjected to in-plane and out-of-plane forces that can act separately or simultaneously. Since observations of damage to buildings after recent earthquakes showed detrimental effects of in-plane and out-of-plane load interaction on infill walls, the number of studies that focus on influence of in-plane damage on out-of-plane response has significantly increased. However, most of the xperimental campaigns have considered only solid infills and there is a lack of combined in-plane and out-of-plane experimental tests on masonry infills with openings, although windows and doors strongly affect seismic performance. In this paper, two types of experimental tests on infills with window openings are presented. The first is a pure out-of-plane test and the second one is a sequential in-plane and out-of-plane test aimed at investigating the effects of existing in-plane damage on outof-plane response. Additionally, findings from two tests with similar load procedure that were carried out on fully infilled RC frames in the scope of the same project are used for comparison. Test results clearly show that window opening increased vulnerability of infills to combined seismic actions and that prevention of damage in infills with openings is of the utmost importance for seismic safety. KW - Seismic loading KW - In-plane load KW - Out-of-plane load KW - Interaction KW - Window opening Y1 - 2022 SN - 978-973-100-533-1 N1 - 3ECEES - Third European Conference on Earthquake Engineering and Seismology, September 4 – September 9, 2022, Bucharest SP - 2747 EP - 2756 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Gedle, Yibekal A1 - Schmitz, Mark A1 - Gielen, Hans A1 - Schmitz, Pascal A1 - Herrmann, Ulf A1 - Teixeira Boura, Cristiano José A1 - Mahdi, Zahra A1 - Chico Caminos, Ricardo Alexander A1 - Dersch, Jürgen T1 - Analysis of an integrated CSP-PV hybrid power plant T2 - SOLARPACES 2020 N2 - In the past, CSP and PV have been seen as competing technologies. Despite massive reductions in the electricity generation costs of CSP plants, PV power generation is - at least during sunshine hours - significantly cheaper. If electricity is required not only during the daytime, but around the clock, CSP with its inherent thermal energy storage gets an advantage in terms of LEC. There are a few examples of projects in which CSP plants and PV plants have been co-located, meaning that they feed into the same grid connection point and ideally optimize their operation strategy to yield an overall benefit. In the past eight years, TSK Flagsol has developed a plant concept, which merges both solar technologies into one highly Integrated CSP-PV-Hybrid (ICPH) power plant. Here, unlike in simply co-located concepts, as analyzed e.g. in [1] – [4], excess PV power that would have to be dumped is used in electric molten salt heaters to increase the storage temperature, improving storage and conversion efficiency. The authors demonstrate the electricity cost sensitivity to subsystem sizing for various market scenarios, and compare the resulting optimized ICPH plants with co-located hybrid plants. Independent of the three feed-in tariffs that have been assumed, the ICPH plant shows an electricity cost advantage of almost 20% while maintaining a high degree of flexibility in power dispatch as it is characteristic for CSP power plants. As all components of such an innovative concept are well proven, the system is ready for commercial market implementation. A first project is already contracted and in early engineering execution. KW - Hybrid energy system KW - Power plants KW - Electricity generation KW - Energy storage KW - Associated liquids Y1 - 2022 SN - 978-0-7354-4195-8 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0086236 SN - 1551-7616 (online) SN - 0094-243X (print) N1 - SOLARPACES 2020: 26th International Conference on Concentrating Solar Power and Chemical Energy Systems, 28 September–2 October 2020, Freiburg, Germany IS - 2445 / 1 PB - AIP conference proceedings / American Institute of Physics CY - Melville, NY ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Valero, Daniel A1 - Bung, Daniel Bernhard A1 - Erpicum, Sebastien A1 - Peltier, Yann A1 - Dewals, Benjamin T1 - Unsteady shallow meandering flows in rectangular reservoirs: a modal analysis of URANS modelling JF - Journal of Hydro-environment Research N2 - Shallow flows are common in natural and human-made environments. Even for simple rectangular shallow reservoirs, recent laboratory experiments show that the developing flow fields are particularly complex, involving large-scale turbulent structures. For specific combinations of reservoir size and hydraulic conditions, a meandering jet can be observed. While some aspects of this pseudo-2D flow pattern can be reproduced using a 2D numerical model, new 3D simulations, based on the unsteady Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes equations, show consistent advantages as presented herein. A Proper Orthogonal Decomposition was used to characterize the four most energetic modes of the meandering jet at the free surface level, allowing comparison against experimental data and 2D (depth-averaged) numerical results. Three different isotropic eddy viscosity models (RNG k-ε, k-ε, k-ω) were tested. The 3D models accurately predicted the frequency of the modes, whereas the amplitudes of the modes and associated energy were damped for the friction-dominant cases and augmented for non-frictional ones. The performance of the three turbulence models remained essentially similar, with slightly better predictions by RNG k-ε model in the case with the highest Reynolds number. Finally, the Q-criterion was used to identify vortices and study their dynamics, assisting on the identification of the differences between: i) the three-dimensional phenomenon (here reproduced), ii) its two-dimensional footprint in the free surface (experimental observations) and iii) the depth-averaged case (represented by 2D models). KW - coherent structures KW - hydraulic modelling KW - model performance KW - Proper Orthogonal Decomposition KW - Q-criterion Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jher.2022.03.002 SN - 1570-6443 IS - In Press PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Akimbekov, Nuraly S. A1 - Digel, Ilya A1 - Tastambek, Kuanysh T. A1 - Marat, Adel K. A1 - Turaliyeva, Moldir A. A1 - Kaiyrmanova, Gulzhan K. T1 - Biotechnology of Microorganisms from Coal Environments: From Environmental Remediation to Energy Production JF - Biology N2 - It was generally believed that coal sources are not favorable as live-in habitats for microorganisms due to their recalcitrant chemical nature and negligible decomposition. However, accumulating evidence has revealed the presence of diverse microbial groups in coal environments and their significant metabolic role in coal biogeochemical dynamics and ecosystem functioning. The high oxygen content, organic fractions, and lignin-like structures of lower-rank coals may provide effective means for microbial attack, still representing a greatly unexplored frontier in microbiology. Coal degradation/conversion technology by native bacterial and fungal species has great potential in agricultural development, chemical industry production, and environmental rehabilitation. Furthermore, native microalgal species can offer a sustainable energy source and an excellent bioremediation strategy applicable to coal spill/seam waters. Additionally, the measures of the fate of the microbial community would serve as an indicator of restoration progress on post-coal-mining sites. This review puts forward a comprehensive vision of coal biodegradation and bioprocessing by microorganisms native to coal environments for determining their biotechnological potential and possible applications. Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/biology11091306 SN - 2079-7737 N1 - This article belongs to the Special Issue "Microbial Ecology and Evolution in Extreme Environments" VL - 11 IS - 9 PB - MDPI CY - Basel ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Niederwestberg, Stefan A1 - Schneider, Falko A1 - Teixeira Boura, Cristiano José A1 - Herrmann, Ulf T1 - Introduction to a direct irradiated transparent tube particle receiver T2 - SOLARPACES 2020 N2 - New materials often lead to innovations and advantages in technical applications. This also applies to the particle receiver proposed in this work that deploys high-temperature and scratch resistant transparent ceramics. With this receiver design, particles are heated through direct-contact concentrated solar irradiance while flowing downwards through tubular transparent ceramics from top to bottom. In this paper, the developed particle receiver as well as advantages and disadvantages are described. Investigations on the particle heat-up characteristics from solar irradiance were carried out with DEM simulations which indicate that particle temperatures can reach up to 1200 K. Additionally, a simulation model was set up for investigating the dynamic behavior. A test receiver at laboratory scale has been designed and is currently being built. In upcoming tests, the receiver test rig will be used to validate the simulation results. The design and the measurement equipment is described in this work. KW - Solar irradiance KW - Ceramics Y1 - 2022 SN - 978-0-7354-4195-8 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0086735 SN - 1551-7616 (online) SN - 0094-243X (print) N1 - SOLARPACES 2020: 26th International Conference on Concentrating Solar Power and Chemical Energy Systems, 28 September–2 October 2020, Freiburg, Germany IS - 2445 / 1 PB - AIP conference proceedings / American Institute of Physics CY - Melville, NY ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Riga, Evi A1 - Pitilakis, Kyriazis A1 - Butenweg, Christoph A1 - Apostolaki, Stefania A1 - Karatzetzou, Anna ED - Arion, Cristian ED - Scupin, Alexandra ED - Ţigănescu, Alexandru T1 - Investigating the impact of the new European Seismic Hazard Model ESHM20 on the seismic design and safety control of industrial facilities T2 - The Third European Conference on Earthquake Engineering and Seismology N2 - The seismic performance and safety of major European industrial facilities has a global interest for Europe, its citizens and economy. A potential major disaster at an industrial site could affect several countries, probably far beyond the country where it is located. However, the seismic design and safety assessment of these facilities is practically based on national, often outdated seismic hazard assessment studies, due to many reasons, including the absence of a reliable, commonly developed seismic hazard model for whole Europe. This important gap is no more existing, as the 2020 European Seismic Hazard Model ESHM20 was released in December 2021. In this paper we investigate the expected impact of the adoption of ESHM20 on the seismic demand for industrial facilities, through the comparison of the ESHM20 probabilistic hazard at the sites where industrial facilities are located with the respective national and European regulations. The goal of this preliminary work in the framework of Working Group 13 of the European Association for Earthquake Engineering (EAEE), is to identify potential inadequacies in the design and safety control of existing industrial facilities and to highlight the expected impact of the adoption of the new European Seismic Hazard Model on the design of new industrial facilities and the safety assessment of existing ones. KW - ESHM20, industrial facilities KW - seismic hazard KW - seismic design KW - safety control Y1 - 2022 SN - 978-973-100-533-1 N1 - 3ECEES - Third European Conference on Earthquake Engineering and Seismology, September 4 – September 9, 2022, Bucharest SP - 3261 EP - 3270 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Pütz, Sebastian A1 - Baier, Ralph A1 - Brauner, Philipp A1 - Brillowski, Florian A1 - Dammers, Hannah A1 - Liehner, Luca A1 - Mertens, Alexander A1 - Rodemann, Niklas A1 - Schneider, Sebastian A1 - Schollemann, Alexander A1 - Steuer-Dankert, Linda A1 - Vervier, Luisa A1 - Gries, Thomas A1 - Leicht-Scholten, Carmen A1 - Nagel, Saskia K. A1 - Piller, Frank T. A1 - Schuh, Günther A1 - Ziefle, Martina A1 - Nitsch, Verena T1 - An interdisciplinary view on humane interfaces for digital shadows in the internet of production T2 - 2022 15th International Conference on Human System Interaction (HSI) N2 - Digital shadows play a central role for the next generation industrial internet, also known as Internet of Production (IoP). However, prior research has not considered systematically how human actors interact with digital shadows, shaping their potential for success. To address this research gap, we assembled an interdisciplinary team of authors from diverse areas of human-centered research to propose and discuss design and research recommendations for the implementation of industrial user interfaces for digital shadows, as they are currently conceptualized for the IoP. Based on the four use cases of decision support systems, knowledge sharing in global production networks, human-robot collaboration, and monitoring employee workload, we derive recommendations for interface design and enhancing workers’ capabilities. This analysis is extended by introducing requirements from the higher-level perspectives of governance and organization. KW - digital twin KW - digital shadow KW - cyber-physical production system KW - human-machine interface Y1 - 2022 SN - 978-1-6654-6823-7 (Print) SN - 978-1-6654-6822-0 (Online) U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/HSI55341.2022.9869467 SN - 2158-2246 (Print) SN - 2158-2254 (Online) N1 - 15th International Conference on Human System Interaction (HSI), 28-31 July 2022, Melbourne, Australia. PB - IEEE ER - TY - RPRT A1 - Ghinaiya, Jagdishkumar A1 - Lehmann, Thomas A1 - Göttsche, Joachim T1 - LOCAL+ – ein kreislauffähiger Holzmodulbau mit nachhaltigem Energie- und Wohnraumkonzept T2 - Bauphysik N2 - Mit dem Beitrag des Teams der FH Aachen zum SDE 21/22 wird im Projekt LOCAL+ ein kreislauffähiger Holzmodulbau mit einem innovativen Wohnraumkonzept geplant und umgesetzt. Ziel dieses Konzeptes ist die Verringerung des stetig steigenden Wohnflächenbedarfs durch ein Raum-in-Raum Konzept. Gebäudetechnisch wird in dem Projekt nicht nur das Einzelgebäude betrachtet, sondern unter Berücksichtigung des Gebäudebestandes wird für das Quartier ein innovatives und nachhaltiges Energiekonzept entwickelt. Ein zentrales Wasserstoffsystem ist für ein Quartier geplant, um den Stromverbrauch aus dem Netz im Winter zu reduzieren. Zentraler Bestandteil des TGA-Konzepts ist ein unterirdischer Eisspeicher, eine PVT und eine Wärmepumpe mit intelligenter Regelstrategie. Ein Teil des neuen Gebäudes (Design Challenge DC) wird in Wuppertal als Hausdemonstrationseinheit (HDU) präsentiert. Eine hygrothermische Simulation der HDU wurde mit der WUFI-Software durchgeführt. Da im Innenraum Lehmmodule und -platten als Feuchtigkeitspuffer verwendet werden, spielen die Themen Feuchtigkeit, Holzfäule und Schimmelwachstum eine wichtige Rolle. KW - Energiekonzept KW - Gesamtwassergehalt KW - Feuchtigkeit KW - Verdunstungskälte KW - energy concept Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/bapi.202200010 SN - 0171-5445 (Print) SN - 1437-0980 (Online) VL - 44 IS - 3 SP - 136 EP - 142 PB - Ernst & Sohn CY - Hoboken ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Cheenakula, Dheeraja A1 - Hoffstadt, Kevin A1 - Krafft, Simone A1 - Reinecke, Diana A1 - Klose, Holger A1 - Kuperjans, Isabel A1 - Grömping, Markus T1 - Anaerobic digestion of algal–bacterial biomass of an Algal Turf Scrubber system JF - Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery N2 - This study investigated the anaerobic digestion of an algal–bacterial biofilm grown in artificial wastewater in an Algal Turf Scrubber (ATS). The ATS system was located in a greenhouse (50°54′19ʺN, 6°24′55ʺE, Germany) and was exposed to seasonal conditions during the experiment period. The methane (CH4) potential of untreated algal–bacterial biofilm (UAB) and thermally pretreated biofilm (PAB) using different microbial inocula was determined by anaerobic batch fermentation. Methane productivity of UAB differed significantly between microbial inocula of digested wastepaper, a mixture of manure and maize silage, anaerobic sewage sludge, and percolated green waste. UAB using sewage sludge as inoculum showed the highest methane productivity. The share of methane in biogas was dependent on inoculum. Using PAB, a strong positive impact on methane productivity was identified for the digested wastepaper (116.4%) and a mixture of manure and maize silage (107.4%) inocula. By contrast, the methane yield was significantly reduced for the digested anaerobic sewage sludge (50.6%) and percolated green waste (43.5%) inocula. To further evaluate the potential of algal–bacterial biofilm for biogas production in wastewater treatment and biogas plants in a circular bioeconomy, scale-up calculations were conducted. It was found that a 0.116 km2 ATS would be required in an average municipal wastewater treatment plant which can be viewed as problematic in terms of space consumption. However, a substantial amount of energy surplus (4.7–12.5 MWh a−1) can be gained through the addition of algal–bacterial biomass to the anaerobic digester of a municipal wastewater treatment plant. Wastewater treatment and subsequent energy production through algae show dominancy over conventional technologies. KW - Biogas KW - Methane KW - Algal Turf Scrubber KW - Algal–bacterial bioflm KW - Circular bioeconomy Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s13399-022-03236-z SN - 2190-6823 N1 - Corresponding author: Dheeraja Cheenakula VL - 13 SP - 15 Seiten PB - Springer CY - Berlin ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Sattler, Johannes Christoph A1 - Atti, Vikrama A1 - Alexopoulos, Spiros A1 - Teixeira Boura, Cristiano José A1 - Herrmann, Ulf A1 - Dutta, Siddharth A1 - Kioutsioukis, Ioannis T1 - DNI forecast tool for the smart operation of a parabolic trough collector system with concrete thermal energy storage: Theory, results and outlook T2 - SolarPACES 2022 conference proceedings N2 - This work presents a basic forecast tool for predicting direct normal irradiance (DNI) in hourly resolution, which the Solar-Institut Jülich (SIJ) is developing within a research project. The DNI forecast data shall be used for a parabolic trough collector (PTC) system with a concrete thermal energy storage (C-TES) located at the company KEAN Soft Drinks Ltd in Limassol, Cyprus. On a daily basis, 24-hour DNI prediction data in hourly resolution shall be automatically produced using free or very low-cost weather forecast data as input. The purpose of the DNI forecast tool is to automatically transfer the DNI forecast data on a daily basis to a main control unit (MCU). The MCU automatically makes a smart decision on the operation mode of the PTC system such as steam production mode and/or C-TES charging mode. The DNI forecast tool was evaluated using historical data of measured DNI from an on-site weather station, which was compared to the DNI forecast data. The DNI forecast tool was tested using data from 56 days between January and March 2022, which included days with a strong variation in DNI due to cloud passages. For the evaluation of the DNI forecast reliability, three categories were created and the forecast data was sorted accordingly. The result was that the DNI forecast tool has a reliability of 71.4 % based on the tested days. The result fulfils SIJ’s aim to achieve a reliability of around 70 %, but SIJ aims to still improve the DNI forecast quality. KW - Direct normal irradiance forecast KW - DNI forecast KW - Parabolic trough collector KW - PTC KW - Thermal Energy Storage Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.52825/solarpaces.v1i.731 SN - 2751-9899 (online) N1 - SolarPACES 2022, 28th International Conference on Concentrating Solar Power and Chemical Energy Systems, 27-30 September, Albuquerque, NM, USA IS - 1 PB - TIB Open Publishing CY - Hannover ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Sattler, Johannes Christoph A1 - Schneider, Iesse Peer A1 - Angele, Florian A1 - Atti, Vikrama A1 - Teixeira Boura, Cristiano José A1 - Herrmann, Ulf T1 - Development of heliostat field calibration methods: Theory and experimental test results T2 - SolarPACES 2022 conference proceedings N2 - In this work, three patent pending calibration methods for heliostat fields of central receiver systems (CRS) developed by the Solar-Institut Jülich (SIJ) of the FH Aachen University of Applied Sciences are presented. The calibration methods can either operate in a combined mode or in stand-alone mode. The first calibration method, method A, foresees that a camera matrix is placed into the receiver plane where it is subjected to concentrated solar irradiance during a measurement process. The second calibration method, method B, uses an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) such as a quadrocopter to automatically fly into the reflected solar irradiance cross-section of one or more heliostats (two variants of method B were tested). The third calibration method, method C, foresees a stereo central camera or multiple stereo cameras installed e.g. on the solar tower whereby the orientations of the heliostats are calculated from the location detection of spherical red markers attached to the heliostats. The most accurate method is method A which has a mean accuracy of 0.17 mrad. The mean accuracy of method B variant 1 is 1.36 mrad and of variant 2 is 1.73 mrad. Method C has a mean accuracy of 15.07 mrad. For method B there is great potential regarding improving the measurement accuracy. For method C the collected data was not sufficient for determining whether or not there is potential for improving the accuracy. KW - Heliostat Field Calibration KW - Unmanned aerial vehicle KW - UAV KW - Quadrocopter KW - Camera system Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.52825/solarpaces.v1i.678 SN - 2751-9899 (online) N1 - SolarPACES 2022: 28th International Conference on Concentrating Solar Power and Chemical Energy Systems, 27-30 September, Albuquerque, NM, USA IS - 1 PB - TIB Open Publishing CY - Hannover ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Blanke, Tobias A1 - Schmidt, Katharina S. A1 - Göttsche, Joachim A1 - Döring, Bernd A1 - Frisch, Jérôme A1 - van Treeck, Christoph ED - Weidlich, Anke ED - Neumann, Dirk ED - Gust, Gunther ED - Staudt, Philipp ED - Schäfer, Mirko T1 - Time series aggregation for energy system design: review and extension of modelling seasonal storages T2 - Energy Informatics N2 - Using optimization to design a renewable energy system has become a computationally demanding task as the high temporal fluctuations of demand and supply arise within the considered time series. The aggregation of typical operation periods has become a popular method to reduce effort. These operation periods are modelled independently and cannot interact in most cases. Consequently, seasonal storage is not reproducible. This inability can lead to a significant error, especially for energy systems with a high share of fluctuating renewable energy. The previous paper, “Time series aggregation for energy system design: Modeling seasonal storage”, has developed a seasonal storage model to address this issue. Simultaneously, the paper “Optimal design of multi-energy systems with seasonal storage” has developed a different approach. This paper aims to review these models and extend the first model. The extension is a mathematical reformulation to decrease the number of variables and constraints. Furthermore, it aims to reduce the calculation time while achieving the same results. KW - Energy system KW - Renewable energy KW - Mixed integer linear programming (MILP) KW - Typical periods KW - Time-series aggregation Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1186/s42162-022-00208-5 SN - 2520-8942 N1 - 11th DACH+ Conference on Energy Informatics, 15-16 September 2022, Freiburg, Germany VL - 5 IS - 1, Article number: 17 PB - Springer Nature ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Golland, Alexander ED - Taeger, Jürgen ED - Gabel, Detlev T1 - Kommentierung von Artikel 94 bis 99 Datenschutz-Grundverordnung T2 - DSGVO - BDSG - TTDSG: Datenschutzgrundverordnung - Bundesdatenschutzgesetz - Telekommunikation-Telemedien-Datenschutzgesetz N2 - Das Werk kommentiert leicht verständlich, aktuell und praxisnah die DSGVO sowie das BDSG und - neu - auch das TTDSG (Telekommunikation-Telemedien-Datenschutzgesetz). Verantwortliche erhalten damit eine umfassende Darstellung mit Handlungsempfehlungen zum gesamten neuen Datenschutzrecht. Betriebliche Datenschutzbeauftragte können sich an den fundierten Kommentierungen orientieren, in denen Literatur und Rechtsprechung aktuell berücksichtigt wurden. KW - Telekommunikation-Telemedien-Datenschutzgesetz KW - Internationales Recht / Europarecht KW - Datenschutzfolgenabschätzung KW - EU-Datenschutzgrundverordnung KW - Betroffenenrechte Y1 - 2022 SN - 978-3-8005-1760-2 SP - 1575 EP - 1621 PB - Fachmedien Recht und Wirtschaft CY - Frankfurt am Main ET - 4., neu bearbeitete Auflage. 2022 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schulte-Tigges, Joschua A1 - Förster, Marco A1 - Nikolovski, Gjorgji A1 - Reke, Michael A1 - Ferrein, Alexander A1 - Kaszner, Daniel A1 - Matheis, Dominik A1 - Walter, Thomas T1 - Benchmarking of various LiDAR sensors for use in self-driving vehicles in real-world environments JF - Sensors N2 - Abstract In this paper, we report on our benchmark results of the LiDAR sensors Livox Horizon, Robosense M1, Blickfeld Cube, Blickfeld Cube Range, Velodyne Velarray H800, and Innoviz Pro. The idea was to test the sensors in different typical scenarios that were defined with real-world use cases in mind, in order to find a sensor that meet the requirements of self-driving vehicles. For this, we defined static and dynamic benchmark scenarios. In the static scenarios, both LiDAR and the detection target do not move during the measurement. In dynamic scenarios, the LiDAR sensor was mounted on the vehicle which was driving toward the detection target. We tested all mentioned LiDAR sensors in both scenarios, show the results regarding the detection accuracy of the targets, and discuss their usefulness for deployment in self-driving cars. KW - Lidar KW - Benchmark KW - Self-driving Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/s22197146 SN - 1424-8220 N1 - This article belongs to the Special Issue "Sensor Fusion for Vehicles Navigation and Robotic Systems" VL - 22 IS - 19 PB - MDPI CY - Basel ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Colombo, Daniele A1 - Drira, Slah A1 - Frotscher, Ralf A1 - Staat, Manfred T1 - An element-based formulation for ES-FEM and FS-FEM models for implementation in standard solid mechanics finite element codes for 2D and 3D static analysis JF - International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering N2 - Edge-based and face-based smoothed finite element methods (ES-FEM and FS-FEM, respectively) are modified versions of the finite element method allowing to achieve more accurate results and to reduce sensitivity to mesh distortion, at least for linear elements. These properties make the two methods very attractive. However, their implementation in a standard finite element code is nontrivial because it requires heavy and extensive modifications to the code architecture. In this article, we present an element-based formulation of ES-FEM and FS-FEM methods allowing to implement the two methods in a standard finite element code with no modifications to its architecture. Moreover, the element-based formulation permits to easily manage any type of element, especially in 3D models where, to the best of the authors' knowledge, only tetrahedral elements are used in FS-FEM applications found in the literature. Shape functions for non-simplex 3D elements are proposed in order to apply FS-FEM to any standard finite element. KW - distorted element KW - ES-FEM KW - FS-FEM KW - non-simplex S-FEM elements KW - S-FEM Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/nme.7126 SN - 1097-0207 VL - 124 IS - 2 SP - 402 EP - 433 PB - Wiley CY - Chichester ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Hinke, Christian A1 - Vervier, Luisa A1 - Brauner, Philipp A1 - Schneider, Sebastian A1 - Steuer-Dankert, Linda A1 - Ziefle, Martina A1 - Leicht-Scholten, Carmen T1 - Capability configuration in next generation manufacturing T2 - Forecasting next generation manufacturing : digital shadows, human-machine collaboration, and data-driven business models N2 - Industrial production systems are facing radical change in multiple dimensions. This change is caused by technological developments and the digital transformation of production, as well as the call for political and social change to facilitate a transformation toward sustainability. These changes affect both the capabilities of production systems and companies and the design of higher education and educational programs. Given the high uncertainty in the likelihood of occurrence and the technical, economic, and societal impacts of these concepts, we conducted a technology foresight study, in the form of a real-time Delphi analysis, to derive reliable future scenarios featuring the next generation of manufacturing systems. This chapter presents the capabilities dimension and describes each projection in detail, offering current case study examples and discussing related research, as well as implications for policy makers and firms. Specifically, we discuss the benefits of capturing expert knowledge and making it accessible to newcomers, especially in highly specialized industries. The experts argue that in order to cope with the challenges and circumstances of today’s world, students must already during their education at university learn how to work with AI and other technologies. This means that study programs must change and that universities must adapt their structural aspects to meet the needs of the students. Y1 - 2022 SN - 978-3-031-07733-3 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-07734-0_6 SP - 95 EP - 106 PB - Springer CY - Cham ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Morandi, Paolo A1 - Butenweg, Christoph A1 - Breis, Khaled A1 - Beyer, Katrin A1 - Magenes, Guido ED - Ansal, Atilla T1 - Latest findings on the behaviour factor q for the seismic design of URM buildings JF - Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering N2 - Recent earthquakes as the 2012 Emilia earthquake sequence showed that recently built unreinforced masonry (URM) buildings behaved much better than expected and sustained, despite the maximum PGA values ranged between 0.20–0.30 g, either minor damage or structural damage that is deemed repairable. Especially low-rise residential and commercial masonry buildings with a code-conforming seismic design and detailing behaved in general very well without substantial damages. The low damage grades of modern masonry buildings that was observed during this earthquake series highlighted again that codified design procedures based on linear analysis can be rather conservative. Although advances in simulation tools make nonlinear calculation methods more readily accessible to designers, linear analyses will still be the standard design method for years to come. The present paper aims to improve the linear seismic design method by providing a proper definition of the q-factor of URM buildings. These q-factors are derived for low-rise URM buildings with rigid diaphragms which represent recent construction practise in low to moderate seismic areas of Italy and Germany. The behaviour factor components for deformation and energy dissipation capacity and for overstrength due to the redistribution of forces are derived by means of pushover analyses. Furthermore, considerations on the behaviour factor component due to other sources of overstrength in masonry buildings are presented. As a result of the investigations, rationally based values of the behaviour factor q to be used in linear analyses in the range of 2.0–3.0 are proposed. KW - Unreinforced masonry buildings KW - Modern constructions KW - Seismic design KW - Linear elastic analysis KW - Behaviour factor q Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10518-022-01419-7 SN - 1573-1456 SN - 1570-761X VL - 20 IS - 11 SP - 5797 EP - 5848 PB - Springer Nature CY - Cham ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Allal, D. A1 - Bannister, R. A1 - Buisman, K. A1 - Capriglione, D. A1 - Di Capua, G. A1 - García-Patrón, M. A1 - Gatzweiler, Thomas A1 - Gellersen, F. A1 - Harzheim, Thomas A1 - Heuermann, Holger A1 - Hoffmann, J. A1 - Izbrodin, A. A1 - Kuhlmann, K. A1 - Lahbacha, K. A1 - Maffucci, A. A1 - Miele, G. A1 - Mubarak, F. A1 - Salter, M. A1 - Pham, T.D. A1 - Sayegh, A. A1 - Singh, D. A1 - Stein, F. A1 - Zeier, M. T1 - RF measurements for future communication applications: an overview T2 - 2022 IEEE International Symposium on Measurements & Networking (M&N) N2 - In this paper research activities developed within the FutureCom project are presented. The project, funded by the European Metrology Programme for Innovation and Research (EMPIR), aims at evaluating and characterizing: (i) active devices, (ii) signal- and power integrity of field programmable gate array (FPGA) circuits, (iii) operational performance of electronic circuits in real-world and harsh environments (e.g. below and above ambient temperatures and at different levels of humidity), (iv) passive inter-modulation (PIM) in communication systems considering different values of temperature and humidity corresponding to the typical operating conditions that we can experience in real-world scenarios. An overview of the FutureCom project is provided here, then the research activities are described. KW - FPGA KW - signal integrity KW - power integrity KW - passive inter-modulation KW - metrological characterization Y1 - 2022 SN - 978-1-6654-8362-9 SN - 978-1-6654-8363-6 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/MN55117.2022.9887740 SN - 2639-5061 SN - 2639-507X N1 - 2022 IEEE International Symposium on Measurements & Networking (M&N), 18-20 July 2022, Padua, Italy. SP - 1 EP - 6 PB - IEEE ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Peere, Wouter A1 - Blanke, Tobias ED - Vernon, Chris T1 - GHEtool: An open-source tool for borefield sizing in Python JF - Journal of Open Source Software N2 - GHEtool is a Python package that contains all the functionalities needed to deal with borefield design. It is developed for both researchers and practitioners. The core of this package is the automated sizing of borefield under different conditions. The sizing of a borefield is typically slow due to the high complexity of the mathematical background. Because this tool has a lot of precalculated data, GHEtool can size a borefield in the order of tenths of milliseconds. This sizing typically takes the order of minutes. Therefore, this tool is suited for being implemented in typical workflows where iterations are required. GHEtool also comes with a graphical user interface (GUI). This GUI is prebuilt as an exe-file because this provides access to all the functionalities without coding. A setup to install the GUI at the user-defined place is also implemented and available at: https://www.mech.kuleuven.be/en/tme/research/thermal_systems/tools/ghetool. KW - geothermal KW - energy KW - borefields KW - sizing Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.21105/joss.04406 SN - 2475-9066 VL - 7 IS - 76 SP - 1 EP - 4, 4406 ER - TY - THES A1 - Larscheid, Maja Marlene T1 - The Future of Fitness : Konzeption und Gestaltung einer digitalen Fitness- und Gesundheitsanwendung N2 - Laut einer Langzeitstudie bewegt sich mehr als ein Viertel der Weltbevölkerung – rund 2 Milliarden Menschen – zu wenig. Trotzdem ließ sich zuletzt klares Interesse an Fitness- und Gesundheitsmöglichkeiten am stetigen Anstieg der Fitnessstudio-Mitgliederzahl erkennen. Nachdem die Zahl seit 2006 jedes Jahr anstieg, fiel sie in den Pandemie-Jahren. Seit der Pandemie besteht also Bedarf nach einer flexibleren Lösung zu klassischen Studios. Um diesen Bedarf zu decken, wurde eine digitale Lösung zum Thema entwickelt. Dazu wurden Sport und Ernährung zusammengefasst. Das beinhaltet Videoanleitungen, Ernährungs- und Trainingsplanerstellung, individuelle Körperanalyse im Onboarding-Prozess, Verbindung mit Wearables und ein flexibles Online- sowie Studioangebot. Meine Zielgruppe sind Menschen, die flexibel Sport machen, mit Sport anfangen oder ihre allgemeine Gesundheit verbessern wollen. KW - Fitness KW - Gesundheit KW - Ernährung KW - Sport KW - UXDesign Y1 - 2022 PB - FH Aachen CY - Aachen ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Schwager, Christian A1 - Angele, Florian A1 - Nouri, Bijan A1 - Schwarzbözl, Peter A1 - Teixeira Boura, Cristiano José A1 - Herrmann, Ulf T1 - Impact of DNI forecast quality on performance prediction for a commercial scale solar tower: Application of nowcasting DNI maps to dynamic solar tower simulation T2 - SolarPACES 2022 conference proceedings N2 - Concerning current efforts to improve operational efficiency and to lower overall costs of concentrating solar power (CSP) plants with prediction-based algorithms, this study investigates the quality and uncertainty of nowcasting data regarding the implications for process predictions. DNI (direct normal irradiation) maps from an all-sky imager-based nowcasting system are applied to a dynamic prediction model coupled with ray tracing. The results underline the need for high-resolution DNI maps in order to predict net yield and receiver outlet temperature realistically. Furthermore, based on a statistical uncertainty analysis, a correlation is developed, which allows for predicting the uncertainty of the net power prediction based on the corresponding DNI forecast uncertainty. However, the study reveals significant prediction errors and the demand for further improvement in the accuracy at which local shadings are forecasted. KW - Process prediction KW - DNI forecasting KW - Nowcasting KW - Uncertainty analysis KW - Molten salt receiver system, Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.52825/solarpaces.v1i.675 SN - 2751-9899 (online) N1 - SolarPACES 2022, 28th International Conference on Concentrating Solar Power and Chemical Energy Systems, 27-30 September, Albuquerque, NM, USA IS - 1 PB - TIB Open Publishing CY - Hannover ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Schulte, Jonas A1 - Schwager, Christian A1 - Frantz, Cathy A1 - Schloms, Felix A1 - Teixeira Boura, Cristiano José A1 - Herrmann, Ulf T1 - Control concept for a molten salt receiver in star design: Development, optimization and testing with cloud passage scenarios T2 - SolarPACES 2022 conference proceedings N2 - A promising approach to reduce the system costs of molten salt solar receivers is to enable the irradiation of the absorber tubes on both sides. The star design is an innovative receiver design, pursuing this approach. The unconventional design leads to new challenges in controlling the system. This paper presents a control concept for a molten salt receiver system in star design. The control parameters are optimized in a defined test cycle by minimizing a cost function. The control concept is tested in realistic cloud passage scenarios based on real weather data. During these tests, the control system showed no sign of unstable behavior, but to perform sufficiently in every scenario further research and development like integrating Model Predictive Controls (MPCs) need to be done. The presented concept is a starting point to do so. KW - Molten salt receiver KW - Star design KW - Control optimization KW - Cloud passages Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.52825/solarpaces.v1i.693 SN - 2751-9899 (online) N1 - SolarPACES 2022, 28th International Conference on Concentrating Solar Power and Chemical Energy Systems, 27-30 September, Albuquerque, NM, USA IS - 1 PB - TIB Open Publishing CY - Hannover ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Striebing, Clemens A1 - Müller, Jörg A1 - Schraudner, Martina A1 - Gewinner, Irina Valerie A1 - Guerrero Morales, Patricia A1 - Hochfeld, Katharina A1 - Hoffman, Shekinah A1 - Kmec, Julie A. A1 - Nguyen, Huu Minh A1 - Schneider, Jannick A1 - Sheridan, Jennifer A1 - Steuer-Dankert, Linda A1 - Trimble O'Connor, Lindsey A1 - Vandevelde-Rougale, Agnès T1 - Promoting diversity and combatting discrimination in research organizations: a practitioner’s guide T2 - Diversity and discrimination in research organizations N2 - The essay is addressed to practitioners in research management and from academic leadership. It describes which measures can contribute to creating an inclusive climate for research teams and preventing and effectively dealing with discrimination. The practical recommendations consider the policy and organizational levels, as well as the individual perspective of research managers. Following a series of basic recommendations, six lessons learned are formulated, derived from the contributions to the edited collection on “Diversity and Discrimination in Research Organizations.” KW - Inclusive work climate KW - lessons learned KW - policy recommendations KW - recommendations for actions KW - bullying Y1 - 2022 SN - 978-1-80117-959-1 (Print) SN - 978-1-80117-956-0 (Online) U6 - https://doi.org/10.1108/978-1-80117-956-020221012 SP - 421 EP - 442 PB - Emerald Publishing Limited CY - Bingley ER - TY - GEN A1 - Steuer-Dankert, Linda A1 - Bernhard, Sebastian A1 - Langolf, Jessica A1 - Leicht-Scholten, Carmen T1 - Managing change and acceptance of digitalization strategies - Implementing the vision of „Internet of Production“ (IoP) in existing corporate structures T2 - Textile Impulse für die Zukunft: Aachen-Dresden-Denkendorf International Textile Conference 2022 N2 - The vision of the Internet of Production is to enable a new level of crossdomain collaboration by providing semantically adequate and context-aware data from production, development & usage in real-time. Y1 - 2022 N1 - Textile Impulse für die Zukunft: Aachen-Dresden-Denkendorf International Textile Conference 2022 : 1. – 2. Dezember 2022, Eurogress Aachen SP - 153 EP - 153 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Steuer-Dankert, Linda A1 - Leicht-Scholten, Carmen T1 - Perceiving diversity : an explorative approach in a complex research organization. T2 - Diversity and discrimination in research organizations N2 - Diversity management is seen as a decisive factor for ensuring the development of socially responsible innovations (Beacham and Shambaugh, 2011; Sonntag, 2014; López, 2015; Uebernickel et al., 2015). However, many diversity management approaches fail due to a one-sided consideration of diversity (Thomas and Ely, 2019) and a lacking linkage between the prevailing organizational culture and the perception of diversity in the respective organization. Reflecting the importance of diverse perspectives, research institutions have a special responsibility to actively deal with diversity, as they are publicly funded institutions that drive socially relevant development and educate future generations of developers, leaders and decision-makers. Nevertheless, only a few studies have so far dealt with the influence of the special framework conditions of the science system on diversity management. Focusing on the interdependency of the organizational culture and diversity management especially in a university research environment, this chapter aims in a first step to provide a theoretical perspective on the framework conditions of a complex research organization in Germany in order to understand the system-specific factors influencing diversity management. In a second step, an exploratory cluster analysis is presented, investigating the perception of diversity and possible influencing factors moderating this perception in a scientific organization. Combining both steps, the results show specific mechanisms and structures of the university research environment that have an impact on diversity management and rigidify structural barriers preventing an increase of diversity. The quantitative study also points out that the management level takes on a special role model function in the scientific system and thus has an influence on the perception of diversity. Consequently, when developing diversity management approaches in research organizations, it is necessary to consider the top-down direction of action, the special nature of organizational structures in the university research environment as well as the special role of the professorial level as role model for the scientific staff. KW - Diversity management KW - Organizational culture KW - Change management KW - Psychological concepts KW - Perception Y1 - 2022 SN - 978-1-80117-959-1 (Print) SN - 978-1-80117-956-0 (Online) U6 - https://doi.org/10.1108/978-1-80117-956-020221010 SP - 365 EP - 392 PB - Emerald Publishing Limited CY - Bingley ER - TY - GEN A1 - Feldmann, Marco A1 - Francke, Gero A1 - Espe, Clemes A1 - Chen, Qian A1 - Baader, Fabian A1 - Boxberg, Marc S. A1 - Sustrate, Anna-Marie A1 - Kowalski, Julia A1 - Dachwald, Bernd T1 - Performance data of an ice-melting probe from field tests in two different ice environments N2 - This dataset was acquired at field tests of the steerable ice-melting probe "EnEx-IceMole" (Dachwald et al., 2014). A field test in summer 2014 was used to test the melting probe's system, before the probe was shipped to Antarctica, where, in international cooperation with the MIDGE project, the objective of a sampling mission in the southern hemisphere summer 2014/2015 was to return a clean englacial sample from the subglacial brine reservoir supplying the Blood Falls at Taylor Glacier (Badgeley et al., 2017, German et al., 2021). The standardized log-files generated by the IceMole during melting operation include more than 100 operational parameters, housekeeping information, and error states, which are reported to the base station in intervals of 4 s. Occasional packet loss in data transmission resulted in a sparse number of increased sampling intervals, which where compensated for by linear interpolation during post processing. The presented dataset is based on a subset of this data: The penetration distance is calculated based on the ice screw drive encoder signal, providing the rate of rotation, and the screw's thread pitch. The melting speed is calculated from the same data, assuming the rate of rotation to be constant over one sampling interval. The contact force is calculated from the longitudinal screw force, which es measured by strain gauges. The used heating power is calculated from binary states of all heating elements, which can only be either switched on or off. Temperatures are measured at each heating element and averaged for three zones (melting head, side-wall heaters and back-plate heaters). KW - Ocean Worlds KW - Icy Moons KW - Cryobot KW - Analogue Environments KW - Melting Efficiency KW - Melting Performance KW - Melting Probe KW - Ice Melting Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6094866 N1 - Forschungsdaten zu "Field-test performance of an ice-melting probe in a terrestrial analogue environment" (https://opus.bibliothek.fh-aachen.de/opus4/frontdoor/index/index/docId/10889) ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Chico Caminos, Ricardo Alexander A1 - Schmitz, Pascal A1 - Atti, Vikrama A1 - Mahdi, Zahra A1 - Teixeira Boura, Cristiano José A1 - Sattler, Johannes Christoph A1 - Herrmann, Ulf A1 - Hilger, Patrick A1 - Dieckmann, Simon T1 - Development of a micro heliostat and optical qualification assessment with a 3D laser scanning method T2 - SOLARPACES 2020 N2 - The Solar-Institut Jülich (SIJ) and the companies Hilger GmbH and Heliokon GmbH from Germany have developed a small-scale cost-effective heliostat, called “micro heliostat”. Micro heliostats can be deployed in small-scale concentrated solar power (CSP) plants to concentrate the sun's radiation for electricity generation, space or domestic water heating or industrial process heat. In contrast to conventional heliostats, the special feature of a micro heliostat is that it consists of dozens of parallel-moving, interconnected, rotatable mirror facets. The mirror facets array is fixed inside a box-shaped module and is protected from weathering and wind forces by a transparent glass cover. The choice of the building materials for the box, tracking mechanism and mirrors is largely dependent on the selected production process and the intended application of the micro heliostat. Special attention was paid to the material of the tracking mechanism as this has a direct influence on the accuracy of the micro heliostat. The choice of materials for the mirror support structure and the tracking mechanism is made in favor of plastic molded parts. A qualification assessment method has been developed by the SIJ in which a 3D laser scanner is used in combination with a coordinate measuring machine (CMM). For the validation of this assessment method, a single mirror facet was scanned and the slope deviation was computed. KW - Concentrated solar power KW - Electricity generation KW - Measuring instruments KW - Heliostats KW - Global change Y1 - 2022 SN - 978-0-7354-4195-8 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0086262 SN - 1551-7616 (online) SN - 0094-243X (print) N1 - SOLARPACES 2020: 26th International Conference on Concentrating Solar Power and Chemical Energy Systems, 28 September–2 October 2020, Freiburg, Germany IS - 2445 / 1 PB - AIP conference proceedings / American Institute of Physics CY - Melville, NY ER - TY - THES A1 - Treutlein, Antonia T1 - Entwicklung eines Erscheinungsbildes für die Meeresschutzorganisation Ocean Care N2 - Ocean Care ist eine politisch unabhängige Non-Profit-Organisation mit Sitz in der Schweiz. Sie setzt sich seit 1989 für den Schutz von Meeressäugern und deren Lebensraum ein. Seit 2011 ist Ocean Care außerdem UN-Sonderberaterin für Fragen im Meeresschutz. Da Ocean Care die Öffentlichkeit für das Thema Meeresschutz sensibilisieren möchte und ihre Arbeit durch Spenden finanziert wird, ist ein professionelles, vertrauenerweckendes Erscheinungsbild unerlässlich. Durch ein zeitgemäßes und seriöses Design, welches sich von anderen Organisationen abhebt, kann die Zielgruppe erweitert und die Bedeutsamkeit der Arbeit hervorgehoben werden. Das neue Erscheinungsbild beruht auf der Idee, dass sich die Informationen unter der Meeresoberfläche befinden. Die Linie, die den Meeresspiegel visualisiert, dient außerdem medienübergreifend als Orientierungshilfe. KW - Erscheinungsbild KW - Gestaltung KW - Corporate Design KW - Layout KW - Redesign Y1 - 2022 N1 - Für diese Arbeit steht kein Volltext zur Verfügung. PB - FH Aachen CY - Aachen ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Mertens, Alexander A1 - Brauner, Philipp A1 - Baier, Ralph A1 - Brillowski, Florian A1 - Dammers, Hannah A1 - van Dyck, Marc A1 - Kong, Iris A1 - Königs, Peter A1 - Kordtomeikel, Frauke A1 - Liehner, Gian Luca A1 - Pütz, Sebastian A1 - Rodermann, Niklas A1 - Schaar, Anne Kathrin A1 - Steuer-Dankert, Linda A1 - Vervier, Luisa A1 - Wlecke, Shari A1 - Gries, Thomas A1 - Leicht-Scholten, Carmen A1 - Nagel, Saskia K. A1 - Piller, Frank T. A1 - Schuh, Günther A1 - Ziefle, Martina A1 - Nitsch, Verena ED - Michael, Judith ED - Pfeiffer, Jérôme ED - Wortmann, Andreas T1 - Modelling Human Factors in Cyber Physical Production Systems by the Integration of Human Digital Shadows T2 - Modellierung 2022 Satellite Events N2 - The future of industrial manufacturing and production will increasingly manifest in the form of cyber-physical production systems. Here, Digital Shadows will act as mediators between the physical and digital world to model and operationalize the interactions and relationships between different entities in production systems. Until now, the associated concepts have been primarily pursued and implemented from a technocentric perspective, in which human actors play a subordinate role, if they are considered at all. This paper outlines an anthropocentric approach that explicitly considers the characteristics, behavior, and traits and states of human actors in socio-technical production systems. For this purpose, we discuss the potentials and the expected challenges and threats of creating and using Human Digital Shadows in production. KW - human digital shadow KW - cyber physical production system KW - human factors Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.18420/modellierung2022ws-018 N1 - Modellierung 2022, 27. Juni - 01. Juli 2022, Hamburg, Deutschland SP - 147 EP - 149 PB - GI Gesellschaft für Informatik CY - Bonn ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Bundrock, Ronja A1 - Kremers, Nico A1 - Pankok, Lennard A1 - Weisheit, Theresa Maria A1 - Spoede, Jasper ED - Kroll-Ludwigs, Kathrin ED - Bernecker, Andreas ED - Bassen-Metz, Yasmine ED - Eggert, Mathias ED - Fritz, Thomas ED - Golland, Alexander ED - Höhne, Tim ED - Tran, Duc Hung ED - Vogt, Jürgen T1 - Aachener Online-Schriften Wirtschaft und Recht. Band 5. 02/2022 N2 - Inhaltsverzeichnis - Bachelorarbeiten 1. Testamentsgestaltung bei Patchworkfamilien – Lösungsansätze für typische Praxisprobleme unter Berücksichtigung der Interessenlagen der Parteien - Ronja Bundrock 4 - 58 2. Die Haftung des AG-Vorstands gegenüber der Gesellschaft in unterneh- mensinternen und -externen Krisen - Nico Kremers 59 - 122 3. The Relationship of the Ex-Ante Uncertainty about the Value of a Stock and its IPO Underpricing – An Analysis of the German Market - Lennard Pankok 123 - 179 4. Attractiveness Bias in Venture Capital – An Analysis of Investor Decision Making in “Die Höhle der Löwen” - Theresa Maria Weisheit 180 - 242 Inhaltsverzeichnis – Masterarbeiten Erhöhung der Energieautarkie in der Backbranche – Anwendung von bidi- rektionalem Laden und dessen Auswirkungen auf die Geschäftsprozesse und Informationssysteme - Jasper Spoede 243 - 355 T3 - Aachener Online-Schriften Wirtschaft und Recht - 5 Y1 - 2022 PB - FH Aachen / Fachbereich Wirtschaftswissenschaften CY - Aachen ER - TY - THES A1 - Koscielniak, Luise T1 - Das Ludwig Forum Aachen : die Erstellung eines neuen Erscheinungsbildes N2 - Peter und Irene Ludwig galten als das Kunstsammlerpaar Deutschlands. Sie stellten ihre umfangreiche Sammlung der Öffentlichkeit zur Verfügung, so auch dem Ludwig Forum - das Stammmuseum der beiden Aachener. Doch es ist viel mehr als nur ein Museum. Der Gedanke des Forums als einen Ort des Austausches und der Kommunikation mit und über Kunst ist die leittragende Idee. Das neue Erscheinungsbild leitet sich in der Gestaltung bildlich von diesem Forumsgedanken ab. Zur Visualisierung dieser Idee wurden Kommunikationsachsen aufgegriffen, die zur typografischen Ausrichtung genutzt werden. Sie bieten die Möglichkeit, in verschiedene Richtungen zu kommunizieren und Inhalte vielseitig und prägnant zu visualisieren. Die Wortmarke des Ludwig Forums dient dabei als klammerndes Element, welches den Rahmen für die Gestaltung ermöglichen. Mit der Fokussierung auf den Forumsgedanken setzt sich das Ludwig Forum sowohl inhaltlich als nun auch gestalterisch von anderen Museumseinrichtungen ab. KW - Erscheinungsbild KW - Ludwig Forum KW - Forum KW - Kommunikation KW - Dialog Y1 - 2022 PB - FH Aachen CY - Aachen ER - TY - THES A1 - Eigel, Nick T1 - uCo - the universal communicator : robotische Konversationen unserer Zukunft N2 - Kommunikationsroboter für den Kundenservice. Aktuell werden große Fortschritte im Bereich von künstlicher Intelligenz und Robotik getätigt, sodass wir bald intelligente Maschinen unter uns haben werden. Daher müssen wir uns die Frage beantworten, welche Rolle diese einnehmen sollen und vor allem wie wir mit ihnen interagieren und kommunizieren wollen. "uCo" bewältigt dies mithilfe einer mobilen, robotischen Plattform, welche mit einem holografischen 3-D-Interface ausgestattet ist. Neben der Entwicklung des robotischen Körpers beinhaltet das Projekt "uCo" die Grundlage für ein Kommunikationssystem für "uCo's" Gesicht. "uCo" kommuniziert hauptsächlich über Sprache, wird dabei jedoch von einem speziell entwickelten Mimik- und Emotionssytem unterstützt. "uCo" als Konzept versucht, erste Antworten auf die komplexen gestalterischen und moralischen Fragen zu geben, die mit der Entwicklung von künstlicher Intelligenz einhergehen. Und wer weiß - vielleicht wirst du eines Tages von einem "uCo" beraten. KW - Robotik KW - Hologram KW - Kommunikation KW - künstliche Intelligenz KW - KI Y1 - 2022 PB - FH Aachen CY - Aachen ER - TY - GEN A1 - Varriale, Ludovica A1 - Kuka, Katrin A1 - Tippkötter, Nils A1 - Ulber, Roland T1 - Use of a green biomass in a biorefinery platform T2 - Chemie Ingenieur Technik N2 - The emerging environmental issues due to the use of fossil resources are encouraging the exploration of new renewable resources. Biomasses are attracting more interest due to the low environmental impacts, low costs, and high availability on earth. In this scenario, green biorefineries are a promising platform in which green biomasses are used as feedstock. Grasses are mainly composed of cellulose and hemicellulose, and lignin is available in a small amount. In this work, a perennial ryegrass was used as feedstock to develop a green bio-refinery platform. Firstly, the grass was mechanically pretreated, thus obtaining a press juice and a press cake fraction. The press juice has high nutritional values and can be employed as part of fermentation media. The press cake can be employed as a substrate either in enzymatic hydrolysis or in solid-state fermentation. The overall aim of this work was to demonstrate different applications of both the liquid and the solid fractions. For this purpose, the filamentous fungus A. niger and the yeast Y. lipolythica were selected for their ability to produce citric acid. Finally, the possibility was assessed to use the press juice as part of fermentation media to cultivate S. cerevisiae and lactic acid bacteria for ethanol and lactic acid fermentation. Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/cite.202255095 SN - 0009-286X SN - 1522-2640 (eISSN) N1 - ProcessNet and DECHEMA‐BioTechNet Jahrestagungen 2022 together with 13th ESBES Symposium 2022, 12. - 15. September 2022, Eurogress Aachen VL - 94 IS - 9 SP - 1299 PB - Wiley-VCH CY - Weinheim ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schwager, Christian A1 - Flesch, Robert A1 - Schwarzbözl, Peter A1 - Herrmann, Ulf A1 - Teixeira Boura, Cristiano José T1 - Advanced two phase flow model for transient molten salt receiver system simulation JF - Solar Energy N2 - In order to realistically predict and optimize the actual performance of a concentrating solar power (CSP) plant sophisticated simulation models and methods are required. This paper presents a detailed dynamic simulation model for a Molten Salt Solar Tower (MST) system, which is capable of simulating transient operation including detailed startup and shutdown procedures including drainage and refill. For appropriate representation of the transient behavior of the receiver as well as replication of local bulk and surface temperatures a discretized receiver model based on a novel homogeneous two-phase (2P) flow modelling approach is implemented in Modelica Dymola®. This allows for reasonable representation of the very different hydraulic and thermal properties of molten salt versus air as well as the transition between both. This dynamic 2P receiver model is embedded in a comprehensive one-dimensional model of a commercial scale MST system and coupled with a transient receiver flux density distribution from raytracing based heliostat field simulation. This enables for detailed process prediction with reasonable computational effort, while providing data such as local salt film and wall temperatures, realistic control behavior as well as net performance of the overall system. Besides a model description, this paper presents some results of a validation as well as the simulation of a complete startup procedure. Finally, a study on numerical simulation performance and grid dependencies is presented and discussed. KW - Molten salt solar tower KW - Molten salt receiver system KW - Dynamic simulation KW - Two-phase modelling KW - Transient flux distribution Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.solener.2021.12.065 SN - 0038-092X (print) SN - 1471-1257 (online) VL - 232 SP - 362 EP - 375 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - GEN A1 - Braun, Lena A1 - Krafft, Simone A1 - Tippkötter, Nils T1 - Combined supercritical carbon dioxide extraction and chromatography of the algae fatty linoleic and linolenic acid T2 - Chemie Ingenieur Technik N2 - A method for the integrated extraction and separation of fatty acids from algae using supercritical CO2 is presented. Desmodesmus obliquus and Chlorella sorokiniana were used as algae. First, a method for chromatographic separation of fatty acids of different degrees of saturation was established and optimized. Then, an integrated method for supercritical extraction was developed for both algal species. It was also verified whether prior cell disruption was beneficial for extraction. In developing the method for chromatographic separation, statistical experimental design was used to determine the optimal parameter settings. The methanol content in the mobile phase proved to be the most important parameter for successful separation of the three unsaturated fatty acids oleic acid, linoleic acid, and linolenic acid. Supercritical extraction with dried algae showed that about four times more fatty acids can be extracted from C. sorokiniana relative to the dry mass used. Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/cite.202255308 SN - 0009-286X SN - 1522-2640 (eISSN) N1 - ProcessNet and DECHEMA‐BioTechNet Jahrestagungen 2022 together with 13th ESBES Symposium 2022, 12. - 15. September 2022, Eurogress Aachen VL - 94 IS - 9 SP - 1304 PB - Wiley-VCH CY - Weinheim ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Welden, Melanie A1 - Severins, Robin A1 - Poghossian, Arshak A1 - Wege, Christina A1 - Bongaerts, Johannes A1 - Siegert, Petra A1 - Keusgen, Michael A1 - Schöning, Michael Josef T1 - Detection of acetoin and diacetyl by a tobacco mosaic virus-assisted field-effect biosensor JF - Chemosensors N2 - Acetoin and diacetyl have a major impact on the flavor of alcoholic beverages such as wine or beer. Therefore, their measurement is important during the fermentation process. Until now, gas chromatographic techniques have typically been applied; however, these require expensive laboratory equipment and trained staff, and do not allow for online monitoring. In this work, a capacitive electrolyte–insulator–semiconductor sensor modified with tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) particles as enzyme nanocarriers for the detection of acetoin and diacetyl is presented. The enzyme acetoin reductase from Alkalihalobacillus clausii DSM 8716ᵀ is immobilized via biotin–streptavidin affinity, binding to the surface of the TMV particles. The TMV-assisted biosensor is electrochemically characterized by means of leakage–current, capacitance–voltage, and constant capacitance measurements. In this paper, the novel biosensor is studied regarding its sensitivity and long-term stability in buffer solution. Moreover, the TMV-assisted capacitive field-effect sensor is applied for the detection of diacetyl for the first time. The measurement of acetoin and diacetyl with the same sensor setup is demonstrated. Finally, the successive detection of acetoin and diacetyl in buffer and in diluted beer is studied by tuning the sensitivity of the biosensor using the pH value of the measurement solution. Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/chemosensors10060218 SN - 2227-9040 N1 - This article belongs to the Special Issue "Nanostructured Devices for Biochemical Sensing" VL - 10 IS - 6 PB - MDPI CY - Basel ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Bhattarai, Aroj A1 - May, Charlotte Anabell A1 - Staat, Manfred A1 - Kowalczyk, Wojciech A1 - Tran, Thanh Ngoc T1 - Layer-specific damage modeling of porcine large intestine under biaxial tension JF - Bioengineering N2 - The mechanical behavior of the large intestine beyond the ultimate stress has never been investigated. Stretching beyond the ultimate stress may drastically impair the tissue microstructure, which consequently weakens its healthy state functions of absorption, temporary storage, and transportation for defecation. Due to closely similar microstructure and function with humans, biaxial tensile experiments on the porcine large intestine have been performed in this study. In this paper, we report hyperelastic characterization of the large intestine based on experiments in 102 specimens. We also report the theoretical analysis of the experimental results, including an exponential damage evolution function. The fracture energies and the threshold stresses are set as damage material parameters for the longitudinal muscular, the circumferential muscular and the submucosal collagenous layers. A biaxial tensile simulation of a linear brick element has been performed to validate the applicability of the estimated material parameters. The model successfully simulates the biomechanical response of the large intestine under physiological and non-physiological loads. KW - biaxial tensile experiment KW - anisotropy KW - hyperelastic KW - constitutive modeling KW - damage Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering9100528 SN - 2306-5354 N1 - Der Artikel gehört zum Sonderheft "Computational Biomechanics" VL - 9 IS - 10, Early Access SP - 1 EP - 17 PB - MDPI CY - Basel ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Blöcker, Lene Christin A1 - Esser, Julia A1 - Hengstebeck, Pauline A1 - Venrath, Carolin A1 - Scholtes, Eva ED - Kroll-Ludwigs, Kathrin ED - Bernecker, Andreas ED - Bassen-Metz, Yasmine ED - Eggert, Mathias ED - Fritz, Thomas ED - Golland, Alexander ED - Höhne, Tim ED - Tran, Duc Hung ED - Vogt, Jürgen T1 - Aachener Online-Schriften Wirtschaft und Recht. Band 4. 01/2022 N2 - Inhaltsverzeichnis - Bachelorarbeiten 1. The impact of the EU non-financial reporting directive on sustainability reporting practices of DAX 30 companies - Lene Christin Blöcker 4 - 29 2. Kurzarbeit als Krisenbewältigungsinstrument – Die arbeitsrechtlichen Voraussetzungen für die wirksame Einführung von Kurzarbeit - Julia Esser 30 - 87 3. Die virtuelle Hauptversammlung der Aktiengesellschaft – Notlösung während der Corona-Pandemie oder dauerhafte Alternative? - Pauline Hengstebeck 88 - 152 4. Die psychische Gesundheit am Arbeitsplatz – Aktuelle Problematik, Ursachenforschung, Folgen, rechtliche Rahmenbedingungen und geeignete Präventionsmaßnahmen aus Arbeitgebersicht - Carolin Venrath 153 - 224 Inhaltsverzeichnis – Masterarbeiten The influence of religion on the representation of women in politics - Eva Scholtes 225 - 345 T3 - Aachener Online-Schriften Wirtschaft und Recht - 4 Y1 - 2022 PB - FH Aachen / Fachbereich Wirtschaftswissenschaften CY - Aachen ER - TY - THES A1 - Roentgen, Matthis T1 - Ketten, die die Welt umspannen : wie funktioniert Blockchain-Technologie und was kann sie uns bieten? N2 - Bitcoins und NFTs sind längst keine Neuheit mehr und vielen bereits ein Begriff. Doch was genau steckt hinter digitalen Währungen und kryptografischen Tokens? »Ketten, die die Welt umspannen« ist die erste Ausgabe des »101.mag« und setzt sich mit dieser Frage auseinander. Das Magazin versucht über ein unkonventionelles Layout, interessante Artikel und spannende Illustrationen seine Leser:innen in die Welt der vielversprechenden Technologie einzuführen. Die Kommunikationen zwischen Mensch und Computer steht nicht nur thematisch im Mittelpunkt dieser Arbeit. Auch die Gestaltung profitiert von dieser Zusammenarbeit. So wurde der Fließtext mithilfe eines Processing-Tools über das Raster verteilt. Auch die Illustration wurde über ein weiteres Programm in verpixelte Grafiken umgewandelt. Die statischen Bild- und Textelemente werden durch kleine Animationen ergänzt. Diese werden im digitalen Raum eingesetzt und unterstützen so das gesamte Konzept auf multimedialer Ebene. Das Ergebnis ist ein besonderes Magazin, welches eine neue Richtung einschlägt. KW - Editorial KW - generische Gestaltung KW - Layout KW - Magazin KW - Blockchain Y1 - 2022 PB - FH Aachen CY - Aachen ER - TY - THES A1 - Nordmann, Alexander T1 - Prozessüberwachung beim Werkzeugschleifen von WC-Co Hartmetallschaftfräsern Y1 - 2022 PB - FH Aachen CY - Aachen ER - TY - THES A1 - Vu, Tuan Dat T1 - Objekterkennung und Schienenerkennung in der Schienenfahrzeugtechnik Y1 - 2022 PB - FH Aachen CY - Aachen ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Alt, Helmut T1 - Speicher speichern, Leiter leiten T2 - Generationenprojekt Energiewende : Elektroenergiepolitik im Spannungsfeld zwischen Vision und Mission / Herbert Niederhausen (Hrsg.) Y1 - 2022 SN - 9783755774389 N1 - gedruckt in der Bereichsbibliothek Eupener Str. unter der Signatur 21 ZPM 4 SP - 125 EP - 136 PB - Books on Demand CY - Norderstedt ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Büsgen, André A1 - Klöser, Lars A1 - Kohl, Philipp A1 - Schmidts, Oliver A1 - Kraft, Bodo A1 - Zündorf, Albert T1 - Exploratory analysis of chat-based black market profiles with natural language processing T2 - Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Data Science, Technology and Applications N2 - Messenger apps like WhatsApp or Telegram are an integral part of daily communication. Besides the various positive effects, those services extend the operating range of criminals. Open trading groups with many thousand participants emerged on Telegram. Law enforcement agencies monitor suspicious users in such chat rooms. This research shows that text analysis, based on natural language processing, facilitates this through a meaningful domain overview and detailed investigations. We crawled a corpus from such self-proclaimed black markets and annotated five attribute types products, money, payment methods, user names, and locations. Based on each message a user sends, we extract and group these attributes to build profiles. Then, we build features to cluster the profiles. Pretrained word vectors yield better unsupervised clustering results than current state-of-the-art transformer models. The result is a semantically meaningful high-level overview of the user landscape of black market chatrooms. Additionally, the extracted structured information serves as a foundation for further data exploration, for example, the most active users or preferred payment methods. KW - Clustering KW - Natural Language Processing KW - Information Extraction KW - Profile Extraction KW - Text Mining Y1 - 2022 SN - 978-989-758-583-8 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5220/0011271400003269 SN - 2184-285X N1 - 11th International Conference on Data Science, Technology and Applications DATA - Volume 1, 83-94, 2022, Lisbon, Portugal SP - 83 EP - 94 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Ostkotte, Sebastian A1 - Peters, Constantin A1 - Hüning, Felix A1 - Bragard, Michael T1 - Design, implementation and verification of an rotational incremental position encoder based on the magnetic Wiegand effect T2 - 2022 ELEKTRO (ELEKTRO) N2 - This paper covers the use of the magnetic Wiegand effect to design an innovative incremental encoder. First, a theoretical design is given, followed by an estimation of the achievable accuracy and an optimization in open-loop operation. Finally, a successful experimental verification is presented. For this purpose, a permanent magnet synchronous machine is controlled in a field-oriented manner, using the angle information of the prototype. KW - Position Encoder KW - Rotational Encoder KW - Wiegand Effect KW - Angle Sensor KW - Incremental Encoder Y1 - 2022 SN - 978-1-6654-6726-1 SN - 978-1-6654-6727-8 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/ELEKTRO53996.2022.9803477 SN - 2691-0616 N1 - 2022 ELEKTRO (ELEKTRO), 23-26 Mai 2022, Krakow, Poland. PB - IEEE ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Engelmann, Ulrich M. T1 - Zielführend moderieren N2 - In der Teamarbeit wird Moderation zum Erfolgsfaktor, der jedoch häufig unterschätzt wird. Ausgehend vom persönlichen Kompetenzniveau verknüpft dieses Buch Grundlagen und Methoden zu Wegen, um Ihre persönliche Entwicklung individuell zu begleiten: Neulinge finden hilfreiche Checklisten und Basistechniken für ihre ersten Moderationen, Fortgeschrittene wertvolle Praxistipps und Methoden für den Ausbau ihrer Moderationskompetenz. Profis schließlich genießen eine raffinierte Aussicht auf weniger bekannte Techniken und neue Anwendungen. Weiterführende Exkurse zum Meeting-Management und zur Online-Moderation runden den Anwendungshorizont ab. Ob in Beruf, Studium oder Ehrenamt – derart ausgestattet gelingen Ihre eigene sowie die Entwicklung Ihres Teams durch zielführende Moderationen. Y1 - 2022 SN - 9783838556895 U6 - https://doi.org/10.36198/9783838556895 PB - UVK Verlag CY - Stuttgart ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Mandekar, Swati A1 - Holland, Abigail A1 - Thielen, Moritz A1 - Behbahani, Mehdi A1 - Melnykowycz, Mark T1 - Advancing towards Ubiquitous EEG, Correlation of In-Ear EEG with Forehead EEG JF - Sensors N2 - Wearable EEG has gained popularity in recent years driven by promising uses outside of clinics and research. The ubiquitous application of continuous EEG requires unobtrusive form-factors that are easily acceptable by the end-users. In this progression, wearable EEG systems have been moving from full scalp to forehead and recently to the ear. The aim of this study is to demonstrate that emerging ear-EEG provides similar impedance and signal properties as established forehead EEG. EEG data using eyes-open and closed alpha paradigm were acquired from ten healthy subjects using generic earpieces fitted with three custom-made electrodes and a forehead electrode (at Fpx) after impedance analysis. Inter-subject variability in in-ear electrode impedance ranged from 20 kΩ to 25 kΩ at 10 Hz. Signal quality was comparable with an SNR of 6 for in-ear and 8 for forehead electrodes. Alpha attenuation was significant during the eyes-open condition in all in-ear electrodes, and it followed the structure of power spectral density plots of forehead electrodes, with the Pearson correlation coefficient of 0.92 between in-ear locations ELE (Left Ear Superior) and ERE (Right Ear Superior) and forehead locations, Fp1 and Fp2, respectively. The results indicate that in-ear EEG is an unobtrusive alternative in terms of impedance, signal properties and information content to established forehead EEG. KW - in-ear EEG KW - correlation KW - forehead EEG KW - impedance spectroscopy KW - biopotential electrodes Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/s22041568 SN - 1424-8220 VL - 22 IS - 4 SP - 1 EP - 19 PB - MDPI CY - Basel ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Maurischat, Andreas T1 - Algebraic independence of the Carlitz period and its hyperderivatives JF - Journal of Number Theory KW - Drinfeld modules KW - Periods KW - t-modules KW - Transcendence KW - Higher derivations Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnt.2022.01.006 SN - 0022-314X VL - 240 SP - 145 EP - 162 PB - Elsevier CY - Orlando, Fla. ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schüller-Ruhl, Aaron A1 - Dinstühler, Leonard A1 - Senger, Thorsten A1 - Bergfeld, Stefan A1 - Ingenhag, Christian A1 - Fleischhaker, Robert ED - Mackenzie, Jacob T1 - Direct fabrication of arbitrary phase masks in optical glass via ultra-short pulsed laser writing of refractive index modifications JF - Applied Physics B N2 - We study the possibility to fabricate an arbitrary phase mask in a one-step laser-writing process inside the volume of an optical glass substrate. We derive the phase mask from a Gerchberg–Saxton-type algorithm as an array and create each individual phase shift using a refractive index modification of variable axial length. We realize the variable axial length by superimposing refractive index modifications induced by an ultra-short pulsed laser at different focusing depth. Each single modification is created by applying 1000 pulses with 15 μJ pulse energy at 100 kHz to a fixed spot of 25 μm diameter and the focus is then shifted axially in steps of 10 μm. With several proof-of-principle examples, we show the feasibility of our method. In particular, we identify the induced refractive index change to about a value of Δn=1.5⋅10−3. We also determine our current limitations by calculating the overlap in the form of a scalar product and we discuss possible future improvements. Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00340-022-07928-2 SN - 1432-0649 (Online) SN - 0946-2171 (Print) N1 - Corresponding author: Robert Fleischhaker VL - 128 IS - Article number: 208 SP - 1 EP - 11 PB - Springer CY - Berlin ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Amir, Malik A1 - Bauckhage, Christian A1 - Chircu, Alina A1 - Czarnecki, Christian A1 - Knopf, Christian A1 - Piatkowski, Nico A1 - Sultanow, Eldar T1 - What can we expect from quantum (digital) twins? T2 - Wirtschaftsinformatik 2022 Proceedings N2 - Digital twins enable the modeling and simulation of real-world entities (objects, processes or systems), resulting in improvements in the associated value chains. The emerging field of quantum computing holds tremendous promise forevolving this virtualization towards Quantum (Digital) Twins (QDT) and ultimately Quantum Twins (QT). The quantum (digital) twin concept is not a contradiction in terms - but instead describes a hybrid approach that can be implemented using the technologies available today by combining classicalcomputing and digital twin concepts with quantum processing. This paperpresents the status quo of research and practice on quantum (digital) twins. It alsodiscuses their potential to create competitive advantage through real-timesimulation of highly complex, interconnected entities that helps companies better address changes in their environment and differentiate their products andservices. KW - Artificial Intelligence KW - Digital Twin Evolution KW - Machine Learning KW - Quantum Computing KW - Quantum Machine Learning Y1 - 2022 N1 - 17. Internationale Tagung Wirtschaftsinformatik, 21. – 23. Februar 2022, Nürnberg (online) SP - 1 EP - 14 PB - AIS Electronic Library (AISeL) ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Philipp, Mohr A1 - Efthimiou, Nikos A1 - Pagano, Fiammetta A1 - Kratochwil, Nicolaus A1 - Pizzichemi, Marco A1 - Tsoumpas, Charalampos A1 - Auffray, Etiennette A1 - Ziemons, Karl T1 - Image reconstruction analysis for positron emission tomography with heterostructured scintillators JF - IEEE Transactions on Radiation and Plasma Medical Sciences N2 - The concept of structure engineering has been proposed for exploring the next generation of radiation detectors with improved performance. A TOF-PET geometry with heterostructured scintillators with a pixel size of 3.0×3.1×15 mm3 was simulated using Monte Carlo. The heterostructures consisted of alternating layers of BGO as a dense material with high stopping power and plastic (EJ232) as a fast light emitter. The detector time resolution was calculated as a function of the deposited and shared energy in both materials on an event-by-event basis. While sensitivity was reduced to 32% for 100 μm thick plastic layers and 52% for 50 μm, the CTR distribution improved to 204±49 ps and 220±41 ps respectively, compared to 276 ps that we considered for bulk BGO. The complex distribution of timing resolutions was accounted for in the reconstruction. We divided the events into three groups based on their CTR and modeled them with different Gaussian TOF kernels. On a NEMA IQ phantom, the heterostructures had better contrast recovery in early iterations. On the other hand, BGO achieved a better contrast to noise ratio (CNR) after the 15th iteration due to the higher sensitivity. The developed simulation and reconstruction methods constitute new tools for evaluating different detector designs with complex time responses. KW - TOF PET KW - Heterostructure KW - Metascintillator KW - Multiple TOF kernels KW - Image Reconstruction Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/TRPMS.2022.3208615 SN - 2469-7311 SN - 2469-7303 VL - 7 IS - 1 SP - 41 EP - 51 PB - IEEE CY - New York, NY ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Bauschat, J.-Michael A1 - Benner, Miriam A1 - Klinge, Henner A1 - Ziegler, Simon T1 - Urbane Mobilität entdeckt die 3. Dimension T2 - Transforming Mobility – What Next? N2 - Der Themenkomplex urbane Mobilität ist getrieben durch den Verkehrsinfarkt in Ballungszentren, durch Luftverschmutzung und Lärm, sowie den Trend zum Leben in der Stadt in den städteplanerischen Fokus gerückt. Emissionsneutrale Antriebskonzepte in der Luftfahrt führen zu Ansätzen Fluggeräte einzusetzen, die batteriegetrieben vertikal aufsteigen und landen können. Flugphysikalisch und energetisch ist diese Technik nur dann sinnvoll, wenn es zwingende Gründe gibt (z.B. Rettungseinsätze), daher wird der flugphysikalische Hintergrund prinzipiell erläutert. Es werden einige aktuelle Lufttransportkonzepte für eine urbane Personenbeförderung vorgestellt. Sollte es verstärkt zu Lufttransport über Städten kommen, müssen betroffene Lufträume geordnet und überwacht werden. Wie kompatibel Lufttransportsysteme mit den heute bereits relevanten urbanen Beförderungsmitteln sein müssen, wird kritisch diskutiert. Abschließend werden die Aspekte Akzeptanz durch die Kunden und Wirtschaftlichkeit ebenso angerissen, wie die hochproblematische Rohstoffgewinnung, die Entsorgung und das Recycling von Batterien. Y1 - 2022 SN - 978-3-658-36429-8 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-36430-4_53 N1 - Tagungsband zum 13. Wissenschaftsforum Mobilität, Beiträge des Wissenschaftsforums SP - 895 EP - 916 PB - Springer Gabler CY - Wiesbaden ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Fissabre, Anke ED - Dux, Holger A. T1 - Die Bauten des jüdischen Friedhofs an der Lütticher Straße T2 - Der Jüdische Friedhof Aachen Y1 - 2022 SN - 978-3-87519-266-7 SP - 51 EP - 69 PB - Mayersche Buchhandlung Aachen GmbH CY - Aachen ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Fissabre, Anke ED - Dux, Holger A. T1 - Ein Entwurf für die Umnutzung der Bauten des jüdischen Friedhofs an der Lütticher Straße T2 - Der jüdische Friedhof Aachen Lütticher Straße Aachen Y1 - 2022 SN - 978-3-87519-266-7 SP - 71 EP - 74 PB - Mayersche Buchhandlung Aachen GmbH CY - Aachen ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Dimensionen 1-2022: Magazin der FH Aachen University of Applied Sciences - Auf dem Weg zur Nachhaltigkeit N2 - Inhaltsverzeichnis: 06| "WIR" werden nachhaltig 10| Der Kraft-Stoff aus dem Bioreaktor 14| Energieverbrauch des Campus Jülich optimieren 16| „Eine große Hilfestellung für Flutopfer“ 20| Von der ersten Skizze zu den Blumen in der Vase 22|Wie schläft es sich im All, Herr Maurer? 24| Expedition Arktis 28| Eine Frage, zwei Antworten 30| Der schönste Arbeitsplatz der Welt 32| Im Einklang 36| Ein Vorgeschmack auf die echte Arbeitswelt 38| Den Rätseln des Universums auf der Spur 40| Auf Umwegen in die Spitzenforschung 42| Klappe FH Aachen, die erste … Kamera läuft! 44| Auszeit 46| „Fotografie öffnet Türen zu Parallelwelten“ 50| Es gibt viel zu tun 52| Durch-Blick 54| Weichen stellen für einen ganz besonderen Job 58| Souta, Iver und der Wind 60| Die FH Aachen ist systemakkreditiert 61| Der Vulkan 62| Kopfnuss, Impressum T3 - Dimensionen - Magazin der FH Aachen University of Applied Sciences - 2022, 1 Y1 - 2022 CY - Aachen ER - TY - THES A1 - Keller, Simon Mark T1 - Risikoanalyse einer bordautonomen Schienenfahrzeugortung mittels GNSS N2 - Bei Schienenfahrzeugen, die mit dem Zugsicherungssystem ETCS betrieben sind, wird die Odometrie durch eine diskrete Ortung mittels physischen Balisen zurückgesetzt. Diese Arbeit befasst sich mit der Innovation von virtuellen Balisen. Virtuelle Balisen, können eingesetzt werden, um physische, im Gleisbett montierte Balisen zu ersetzen. Durch den Einsatz von virtuellen Balisen soll der Infrastrukturausbau von ETCS vorangetrieben werden, indem sie als virtuelle Komponente auf Schienenfahrzeugen eingesetzt werden. Im Rahmen dieser Arbeit wird die Fragestellung beantwortet, ob eine bordautonome Zugortung mittels virtuellen Balisen in einem ausgewählten Szenario mit einem akzeptablen Risiko verbunden ist? Das Szenario besteht aus einem Schienenfahrzeug, welches mit dem Zugsicherungssystem ETCS Level 2 auf einer eingleisigen Nebenstrecke betreiben wird. Hierzu werden zunächst die Grundlagen von ETCS und der satellitenbasierten Ortung erläutert. Des Weiteren werden die Grundlagen des CSM Prozesses und der expliziten Risikoabschätzung eingeführt. Aufbauend auf diesen Grundlagen wird der CSM Prozess angewandt und dabei eine Systemdefinition mit den Schnittstellen des Systems zur Umwelt erstellt. Mit der Hazop-Methode werden die Gefährdungen der Schnittstellen erfasst und beurteilt. Die sicherheitsrelevanten Gefährdungen werden in einer FMEA bewertet. In der folgenden Diskussion werden sicherheitsrelevante Gefährdungen nochmals betrachtet. Das Ergebnis der Arbeit ist, dass im ausgewählten Szenario, unter der Verwendung der CSM-Prozesse und der industriell anerkannten Methoden Hazop und FMEA, die Integration der Board-autonomen-Ortung mit einem akzeptablen Risiko verbunden ist. Y1 - 2022 PB - FH Aachen CY - Aachen ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Fissabre, Anke ED - Soldwisch, Ines ED - Schmitz, Stefan T1 - kirchen-bauhaus? – Die Kunstgewerbeschule in Aachen unter Rudolf Schwarz T2 - Zwischen den Zeiten - Besatzung und Aufbruch in Aachen, 1919-1932 Y1 - 2022 SN - 978-3-9825016-0-4 N1 - Zeitreisen Sammlung Crous, Schriftenreihe 15. SP - 54 EP - 65 PB - Aachener Karnevalsverein (AKV) CY - Aachen ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Tünnemann, Thomas T1 - Formine 2022 : Concezione I N2 - Der diesjährige Workshop steht im Zeichen der räumlichen Konzeption. Das Definieren und Erfahren des engsten, ganz eigenen Betrachtungsraums, bis hin zur weitläufigen öffentlichen Umgebung des Ortes ist hierbei der erste Schritt. Hierzu stehen alle konzeptionellen Werkzeuge – von der Entwicklung vereinzelter Skizzenabfolgen, bis hin zur Collage - in den ersten Tagen des Workshops zur Verfügung. Abschließend gilt es, den Aufbau - das „Sichzusammenfügen“ aus Form, Relation und Material - in einer Plastik zu vereinen. Y1 - 2022 SN - 3-9811003-9-5 PB - FH Aachen, Fachbereich Architektur CY - Aachen ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hahn, Geogr W. A1 - Hebel, Christoph A1 - Manz, W. T1 - Die neuen Empfehlungen für Verkehrsnachfragemodellierung im Personenverkehr JF - Straßenverkehrstechnik N2 - Die neu erschienenen „Empfehlungen zum Einsatz von Verkehrsnachfragemodellen für den Personenverkehr“ liefern erstmals als Empfehlungspapier der Forschungsgesellschaft für Straßen- und Verkehrswesen einen umfassenden Überblick zu den verschiedenen Aspekten der Modellierung und geben dem Fachplaner konkrete Hilfestellung für die Konzeption von Nachfragemodellen. Das Empfehlungspapier zielt unter anderem darauf ab, die Erwartungen und das Anspruchsniveau in Hinblick auf Sachgerechtigkeit der Modelle, die erzielbare Modellqualität und den Detaillierungsgrad der Modellaussagen zu harmonisieren. Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.53184/SVT10-2022-1 SN - 0039-2219 VL - 66 IS - 10 SP - 721 EP - 726 PB - Kirschbaum Verlag GmbH CY - Bonn ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Emig, J. A1 - Hebel, Christoph A1 - Schwark, A. T1 - Einsatzbereiche für Verkehrsnachfragemodelle JF - Straßenverkehrstechnik N2 - In der Praxis bestehen vielfältige Einsatzbereiche für Verkehrsnachfragemodelle. Mit ihnen können Kenngrößen des Verkehrsangebots und der Verkehrsnachfrage für den heutigen Zustand wie auch für zukünftige Zustände bereitgestellt werden, um so die Grundlagen für verkehrsplanerische Entscheidungen zu liefern. Die neuen „Empfehlungen zum Einsatz von Verkehrsnachfragemodellen für den Personenverkehr“ (EVNM-PV) (FGSV 2022) veranschaulichen anhand von typischen Planungsaufgaben, welche differenzierten Anforderungen daraus für die Modellkonzeption und -erstellung resultieren. Vor dem Hintergrund der konkreten Aufgabenstellung sowie deren spezifischer planerischer Anforderungen bildet die abzuleitende Modellspezifikation die verabredete Grundlage zwischen Auftraggeber und Modellersteller für die konkrete inhaltliche, fachliche Ausgestaltung des Verkehrsmodells. Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.53184/SVT10-2022-2 SN - 0039-2219 VL - 66 IS - 10 SP - 727 EP - 736 PB - Kirschbaum Verlag GmbH CY - Bonn ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kindmann, Rolf A1 - Kraus, Matthias A1 - Laumann, Jörg A1 - Vette, Jan T1 - Verallgemeinerte Berechnungsmethode für in Beton eingespannte Stahlprofile – Einspanntiefen, Tragfähigkeitsnachweise und Bemessungshilfen JF - Stahlbau N2 - Stützen und Träger aus Stahlprofilen können in Fundamente oder Wände aus Stahlbeton einbetoniert werden. Diese Anschlüsse wirken in der Regel wie Einspannungen, die eine ausreichende Einspanntiefe erfordern. Im Folgenden wird eine verallgemeinerte Berechnungsmethode für in Stahlbetonkonstruktionen eingespannte Stahlprofile aus gewalzten I-Profilen, geschweißten I-Profilen, runden Hohlprofilen, eckigen Hohlprofilen und einzelligen Kastenquerschnitten vorgestellt. Für Beanspruchungen infolge einachsiger Biegung um die starke und schwache Profilachse werden der profilabhängige Ansatz der Betondruckspannungen im Einspannbereich und die Ermittlung der Einspanntiefe behandelt. Unter Berücksichtigung der Normalkraft werden an den maßgebenden Stellen Tragfähigkeitsnachweise für die Stahlprofile geführt. Als Ergänzung zu den Berechnungsformeln werden Bemessungshilfen zur Verfügung gestellt, die die Wahl der mitwirkenden Breiten und der Einspanntiefen erleichtert. KW - Stahlprofile KW - Anschlüsse an Stahlbeton KW - Einspanntiefen KW - Eingespannte Stützen und Träger KW - steel profiles Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/stab.202200024 SN - 1437-1049 VL - 93 IS - Early View SP - 1 EP - 25 PB - Ernst & Sohn GmbH CY - Berlin ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Laumann, Jörg A1 - Feldmann, Markus A1 - Frickel, Jörg A1 - Krahwinkel, Manuel A1 - Kraus, Matthias A1 - Stranghöner, Natalie A1 - Ummenhofer, Thomas T1 - Petersen Stahlbau : Grundlagen der Berechnung und baulichen Ausbildung von Stahlbauten N2 - Die Theorie und Konstruktion der wichtigsten Bereiche der Stahlbautechnik werden von den Grundlagen her entwickelt und durch viele Beispiele praxisbezogen erläutert. Das Buch ist aus Vorlesungen im Grund- und Vertiefungsstudium des Bauingenieurwesens entstanden. Der Inhalt wird zum Teil systematisch, zum Teil exemplarisch dargestellt. Für Konstrukteure und Statiker in den technischen Büros, der Beratenden Ingenieure und der Prüfämter enthält das Buch aufbereitete Berechnungsverfahren und Konstruktionsvorschläge in großer Zahl. KW - Behälterbau KW - Bemessung KW - Brandschutz KW - Brückenbau KW - Festigkeitslehre Y1 - 2022 SN - 978-3-658-20510-2 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-20510-2 PB - Springer Vieweg CY - Wiesbaden ET - 5. Auflage ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Bensberg, Frank A1 - Czarnecki, Christian A1 - Grob, Heinz Lothar ED - Bruhn, Manfred ED - Hadwich, Karsten T1 - Wirtschaftlichkeitsbewertung von Smart Services mit vollständigen Finanzplänen T2 - Smart Services: Band 1: Konzepte – Methoden – Prozesse N2 - Dieser Beitrag stellt einen Bewertungsrahmen für Smart Services vor, der auf dem Konzept vollständiger Finanzpläne (VOFI) basiert. Zunächst wird eine IoT-Architektur für Smart Services eingeführt, die die Grundlage für deren Betrachtung aus Sicht der Unternehmensplanung liefert. Hierauf aufbauend wird ein Bewertungsrahmen für die finanzplanorientierte Wirtschaftlichkeitsbewertung von Smart Services geschaffen, mit dem die relevanten Zahlungsfolgen differenziert erfasst werden. Mithilfe des entwickelten VOFI-Systems wird anschließend aufgezeigt, wie mithilfe einer Risikoanalyse die Unsicherheit von Modellparametern berücksichtigt werden kann. Y1 - 2022 SN - 978-3-658-37344-3 (Online) SN - 978-3-658-37343-6 (Print) U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-37344-3_6 SP - 225 EP - 251 PB - Springer Gabler CY - Wiesbaden ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Baringhaus, Ludwig A1 - Gaigall, Daniel T1 - A goodness-of-fit test for the compound Poisson exponential model JF - Journal of Multivariate Analysis N2 - On the basis of bivariate data, assumed to be observations of independent copies of a random vector (S,N), we consider testing the hypothesis that the distribution of (S,N) belongs to the parametric class of distributions that arise with the compound Poisson exponential model. Typically, this model is used in stochastic hydrology, with N as the number of raindays, and S as total rainfall amount during a certain time period, or in actuarial science, with N as the number of losses, and S as total loss expenditure during a certain time period. The compound Poisson exponential model is characterized in the way that a specific transform associated with the distribution of (S,N) satisfies a certain differential equation. Mimicking the function part of this equation by substituting the empirical counterparts of the transform we obtain an expression the weighted integral of the square of which is used as test statistic. We deal with two variants of the latter, one of which being invariant under scale transformations of the S-part by fixed positive constants. Critical values are obtained by using a parametric bootstrap procedure. The asymptotic behavior of the tests is discussed. A simulation study demonstrates the performance of the tests in the finite sample case. The procedure is applied to rainfall data and to an actuarial dataset. A multivariate extension is also discussed. KW - Bootstrapping KW - Collective risk model Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmva.2022.105154 SN - 0047-259X SN - 1095-7243 VL - 195 IS - Article 105154 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Evans, Benjamin A1 - Braun, Sebastian A1 - Ulmer, Jessica A1 - Wollert, Jörg T1 - AAS implementations - current problems and solutions T2 - 20th International Conference on Mechatronics - Mechatronika (ME) N2 - The fourth industrial revolution presents a multitude of challenges for industries, one of which being the increased flexibility required of manufacturing lines as a result of increased consumer demand for individualised products. One solution to tackle this challenge is the digital twin, more specifically the standardised model of a digital twin also known as the asset administration shell. The standardisation of an industry wide communications tool is a critical step in enabling inter-company operations. This paper discusses the current state of asset administration shells, the frameworks used to host them and their problems that need to be addressed. To tackle these issues, we propose an event-based server capable of drastically reducing response times between assets and asset administration shells and a multi-agent system used for the orchestration and deployment of the shells in the field. KW - Industry 4.0 KW - Multi-agent Systems KW - Digital Twin KW - Asset Administration Shell Y1 - 2022 SN - 978-1-6654-1040-3 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/ME54704.2022.9982933 N1 - 20th International Conference on Mechatronics - Mechatronika (ME), 07-09 December 2022, Pilsen, Czech Republic PB - IEEE CY - New York, NY ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Wiegner, Jonas A1 - Volker, Hanno A1 - Mainz, Fabian A1 - Backes, Andreas A1 - Löken, Michael A1 - Hüning, Felix T1 - Wiegand-effect-powered wireless IoT sensor node T2 - ITG-Fb. 303: Sensoren und Messsysteme N2 - In this article we describe an Internet-of-Things sensing device with a wireless interface which is powered by the oftenoverlooked harvesting method of the Wiegand effect. The sensor can determine position, temperature or other resistively measurable quantities and can transmit the data via an ultra-low power ultra-wideband (UWB) data transmitter. With this approach we can energy-self-sufficiently acquire, process, and wirelessly transmit data in a pulsed operation. A proof-of-concept system was built up to prove the feasibility of the approach. The energy consumption of the system is analyzed and traced back in detail to the individual components, compared to the generated energy and processed to identify further optimization options. Based on the proof-of-concept, an application demonstrator was developed. Finally, we point out possible use cases. Y1 - 2022 SN - 978-3-8007-5835-7 N1 - Sensoren und Messsysteme - 21. ITG/GMA-Fachtagung, 10.05.2022 - 11.05.2022 in Nürnberg SP - 255 EP - 260 PB - VDE Verlag GmbH CY - Berlin ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Ulmer, Jessica A1 - Braun, Sebastian A1 - Cheng, Chi-Tsun A1 - Dowey, Steve A1 - Wollert, Jörg T1 - Gamification of virtual reality assembly training: Effects of a combined point and level system on motivation and training results JF - International Journal of Human-Computer Studies N2 - Virtual Reality (VR) offers novel possibilities for remote training regardless of the availability of the actual equipment, the presence of specialists, and the training locations. Research shows that training environments that adapt to users' preferences and performance can promote more effective learning. However, the observed results can hardly be traced back to specific adaptive measures but the whole new training approach. This study analyzes the effects of a combined point and leveling VR-based gamification system on assembly training targeting specific training outcomes and users' motivations. The Gamified-VR-Group with 26 subjects received the gamified training, and the Non-Gamified-VR-Group with 27 subjects received the alternative without gamified elements. Both groups conducted their VR training at least three times before assembling the actual structure. The study found that a level system that gradually increases the difficulty and error probability in VR can significantly lower real-world error rates, self-corrections, and support usages. According to our study, a high error occurrence at the highest training level reduced the Gamified-VR-Group's feeling of competence compared to the Non-Gamified-VR-Group, but at the same time also led to lower error probabilities in real-life. It is concluded that a level system with a variable task difficulty should be combined with carefully balanced positive and negative feedback messages. This way, better learning results, and an improved self-evaluation can be achieved while not causing significant impacts on the participants' feeling of competence. KW - Gamification KW - Virtual reality KW - Assembly KW - User study KW - Level system Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhcs.2022.102854 SN - 1071-5819 VL - 165 IS - Art. No. 102854 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - THES A1 - Schnitzler, Nora T1 - Identifikation und Bewertung geeigneter Mikrostrukturierungen zum Schutz von Biohybridbeschichtungen von Zahnimplantaten vor Abrasion beim Zähneputzen N2 - Die Oberflächen dentaler Implantate sind definiert durch eine raue Oberfläche, um die Integration in den menschlichen Knochen zu optimieren. Entzündungen des umgebenden Zahnfleisches zählen dabei zu den häufigsten Komplikationen nach einer Implantation. Diese Entzündungen entstehen hauptsächlich durch bakterielle Infektionen des Weichgewebes an der Implantations-Stelle. Die raue Oberfläche trägt jedoch zu einer solchen Infektion bei. Da der Implantat-Kopf zum Teil aus dem Knochen herausragt, erfolgt beispielsweise beim Zähneputzen eine Freilegung der Implantat-Oberfläche. Die durch die Rauheit vergrößerte Oberfläche bietet dabei ideale Voraussetzungen für eine Bakterienansiedlung. In der aktuellen Forschung steht die Entwicklung einer Oberfläche im Vordergrund, die eine antibakterielle Funktionalisierung erzeugt. Diese verhindert die Bakterienansiedlung und wirkt einer Entzündung entgegen. Um die Beschichtung vor Verschleiß zu schützen und ihre Lebensdauer der antibakteriellen Wirkung zu erhöhen, ist es möglich die Oberfläche mit einer Mikrostruktur zu versehen. Das Ziel der vorliegenden Arbeit ist die Identifikation geeigneter Mikrostrukturierungen, die der antibakteriellen Beschichtung einen optimalen Schutz vor Verschleiß bieten. Am Beispiel von Titan-Zahnimplantaten wird der Schutz der aufgetragenen Biohybridbeschichtung gegen abrasiven Verschleiß untersucht. Im Vorfeld wird eine Analyse der fertigungstechnischen Möglichkeiten mit Blick auf dentale Implantate und Mikrostrukturen durchgeführt, um das ein passendes Verfahren zu identifizieren. Die Analogiebauteile als Probenkörper werden, mithilfe des zuvor ausgewählten Verfahrens, mit verschiedenen Mikrostrukturen versehen. Im Rahmen einer Versuchsdurchführung, die die mechanische Belastung bei einem Zahnputzdurchgang imitiert, werden die verschiedenen Mikrostrukturen auf ihre Eignung für diese Anwendung überprüft. Ein Vorversuch dient zur Identifizierung eines geeigneten Ankerpeptids, welches den bindenden Bestandteil der Biohybridbeschichtung darstellt. Aus drei zuvor ausgewählten Ankerpeptiden wird das mit der besten Adhäsionsfähigkeit herausgestellt. Im finalen Versuchsdurchlauf wird das Ankerpeptid auf die Oberflächen, die mit den Mikrostrukturen versehen sind, aufgetragen. Dabei ist das Ziel eine Mikrostruktur herauszustellen, die den höchstmöglichen Schutz bietet. Durch eine Fluoreszenzprüfung mithilfe eines Flourescence Plate Readers wird jede Kombination nach den Belastungsversuchen auf den Restanteil der Beschichtung überprüft. Das Ergebnis stellt eine Mikrostruktur dar, die den bestmöglichen Schutz bietet. Dies ist erkennbar durch den höchsten Anteil an Restbeschichtung. Eine Strukturierung mit sogenannten Micro-Grooves in Kombination mit dem MacHis-Ankerpeptid erzielte in der Analyse der Belastungssimulationen die besten Ergebnisse bezüglich des Schutzes der Beschichtung. Durch die Versuche bestätigte sich eine weitere Annahme. Die Strukturierung der Oberfläche erzielt einen deutlich höheren Schutz im Vergleich zu einer unstrukturierten Oberfläche. Zudem hat sich herausgestellt, dass eine Beschichtung mit dem sogenannten PEO-Verfahren eine deutlich größere Adhäsion der Biohybridbeschichtung erzielt. Dies wird jedoch Thema weiterführender Forschungen sein und kein Bestandteil der vorliegenden Arbeit. Y1 - 2022 PB - FH Aachen CY - Aachen ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Pfaff, Raphael A1 - Enning, Manfred A1 - Sutter, Stefan T1 - A risk‑based approach to automatic brake tests for rail freight service: incident analysis and realisation concept JF - SN Applied Sciences N2 - This study reviews the practice of brake tests in freight railways, which is time consuming and not suitable to detect certain failure types. Public incident reports are analysed to derive a reasonable brake test hardware and communication architecture, which aims to provide automatic brake tests at lower cost than current solutions. The proposed solutions relies exclusively on brake pipe and brake cylinder pressure sensors, a brake release position switch as well as radio communication via standard protocols. The approach is embedded in the Wagon 4.0 concept, which is a holistic approach to a smart freight wagon. The reduction of manual processes yields a strong incentive due to high savings in manual labour and increased productivity. KW - Freight rail KW - Brake test KW - Incident analysis KW - Train composition KW - Brake set-up Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s42452-022-05007-x SN - 2523-3971 N1 - Corresponding author: Raphael Pfaff VL - 4 IS - 4 SP - 1 EP - 14 PB - Springer CY - Cham ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Schuba, Marko A1 - Höfken, Hans-Wilhelm T1 - Cybersicherheit in Produktion, Automotive und intelligenten Gebäuden T2 - IT-Sicherheit - Technologien und Best Practices für die Umsetzung im Unternehmen Y1 - 2022 SN - 978-3-446-47223-5 SN - 978-3-446-47347-8 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3139/9783446473478.012 SP - 193 EP - 218 PB - Carl Hanser Verlag CY - München ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Engländer, Jacques A1 - Kaminski, Lars A1 - Schuba, Marko T1 - Informationssicherheitsmanagement T2 - Digitalisierungs- und Informationsmanagement N2 - Daten und Informationen sind die wichtigsten Ressourcen vieler Unternehmen und müssen daher entsprechend geschützt werden. Getrieben durch die erhöhte Vernetzung von Informationstechnologie, die höhere Offenheit infolge datengetriebener Dienstleistungen und eine starke Zunahme an Datenquellen, rücken die Gefahren von Informationsdiebstahl, -manipulation und -verlust in den Fokus von produzierenden Unternehmen. Auf dem Weg zum lern- und wandlungsfähigen Unternehmen kann dies zu einem großen Hindernis werden, da einerseits zu hohe Sicherheitsanforderungen neue Entwicklungen beschränken, andererseits wegen des Mangels an ausreichenden Informationssicherheitskonzepten Unternehmen weniger Innovationen wagen. Deshalb bedarf es individuell angepasster Konzepte für die Bereiche IT-Security, IT-Safety und Datenschutz für vernetzte Produkte, Produktion und Arbeitsplätze. Bei der Entwicklung und Durchsetzung dieser Konzepte steht der Faktor Mensch im Zentrum aller Überlegungen. In diesem Kapitel wird dargestellt, wie der Faktor Mensch bei der Erstellung von Informationssicherheitskonzepten in verschiedenen Phasen zu beachten ist. Beginnend mit der Integration von Informationssystemen und damit verbundenen Sicherheitsmaßnahmen, über die Administration, bis hin zur Anwendung durch den Endnutzer, werden Methoden beschrieben, die den Menschen, verbunden mit seinem Mehrwert wie auch den Risiken, einschließen. Dabei werden sowohl Grundlagen aufgezeigt als auch Konzepte vorgestellt, mit denen Entscheider in der Unternehmens-IT Leitlinien für die Informationssicherheit festlegen können. KW - Informationssicherheitsmanagement KW - Cybersicherheit KW - Cybersecurity KW - Informationssicherheit KW - IT-Sicherheit Y1 - 2022 SN - 978-3-662-63757-9 SN - 978-3-662-63758-6 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-63758-6_15 SP - 373 EP - 398 PB - Springer Vieweg CY - Berlin ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Schuba, Marko A1 - Höfken, Hans-Wilhelm A1 - Linzbach, Sophie T1 - An ICS Honeynet for Detecting and Analyzing Cyberattacks in Industrial Plants T2 - 2021 International Conference on Electrical, Computer and Energy Technologies (ICECET) N2 - Cybersecurity of Industrial Control Systems (ICS) is an important issue, as ICS incidents may have a direct impact on safety of people or the environment. At the same time the awareness and knowledge about cybersecurity, particularly in the context of ICS, is alarmingly low. Industrial honeypots offer a cheap and easy to implement way to raise cybersecurity awareness and to educate ICS staff about typical attack patterns. When integrated in a productive network, industrial honeypots may not only reveal attackers early but may also distract them from the actual important systems of the network. Implementing multiple honeypots as a honeynet, the systems can be used to emulate or simulate a whole Industrial Control System. This paper describes a network of honeypots emulating HTTP, SNMP, S7communication and the Modbus protocol using Conpot, IMUNES and SNAP7. The nodes mimic SIMATIC S7 programmable logic controllers (PLCs) which are widely used across the globe. The deployed honeypots' features will be compared with the features of real SIMATIC S7 PLCs. Furthermore, the honeynet has been made publicly available for ten days and occurring cyberattacks have been analyzed KW - Conpot KW - honeypot KW - honeynet KW - ICS KW - cybersecurity Y1 - 2022 SN - 978-1-6654-4231-2 SN - 978-1-6654-4232-9 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/ICECET52533.2021.9698746 N1 - 2021 International Conference on Electrical, Computer and Energy Technologies (ICECET). 09-10 December 2021. Cape Town, South Africa. PB - IEEE ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Lauth, Jakob T1 - Physikalische Chemie kompakt KW - Physikalische Chemie Y1 - 2022 SN - 978-3-662-64587-1 U6 - https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-64588-8 PB - Springer Spektrum CY - Berlin ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Malinowski, Daniel A1 - Fournier, Yvan A1 - Horbach, Andreas A1 - Frick, Michael A1 - Magliani, Mirko A1 - Kalverkamp, Sebastian A1 - Hildinger, Martin A1 - Spillner, Jan A1 - Behbahani, Mehdi A1 - Hima, Flutura T1 - Computational fluid dynamics analysis of endoluminal aortic perfusion JF - Perfusion N2 - Introduction: In peripheral percutaneous (VA) extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) procedures the femoral arteries perfusion route has inherent disadvantages regarding poor upper body perfusion due to watershed. With the advent of new long flexible cannulas an advancement of the tip up to the ascending aorta has become feasible. To investigate the impact of such long endoluminal cannulas on upper body perfusion, a Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) study was performed considering different support levels and three cannula positions. Methods: An idealized literature-based- and a real patient proximal aortic geometry including an endoluminal cannula were constructed. The blood flow was considered continuous. Oxygen saturation was set to 80% for the blood coming from the heart and to 100% for the blood leaving the cannula. 50% and 90% venoarterial support levels from the total blood flow rate of 6 l/min were investigated for three different positions of the cannula in the aortic arch. Results: For both geometries, the placement of the cannula in the ascending aorta led to a superior oxygenation of all aortic blood vessels except for the left coronary artery. Cannula placements at the aortic arch and descending aorta could support supra-aortic arteries, but not the coronary arteries. All positions were able to support all branches with saturated blood at 90% flow volume. Conclusions: In accordance with clinical observations CFD analysis reveals, that retrograde advancement of a long endoluminal cannula can considerably improve the oxygenation of the upper body and lead to oxygen saturation distributions similar to those of a central cannulation. KW - computational fluid dynamics analysis KW - simulation KW - endoluminal KW - aortic perfusion KW - extracorporeal membrane oxygenation Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1177/02676591221099809 SN - 1477-111X VL - 0 IS - 0 SP - 1 EP - 8 PB - Sage CY - London ER -