TY - JOUR A1 - Arampatzis, Adamantios A1 - Peper, Andreas A1 - Bierbaum, Stefanie A1 - Albracht, Kirsten T1 - Plasticity of human Achilles tendon mechanical and morphological properties in response to cyclic strain JF - Journal of Biomechanics N2 - The purpose of the current study in combination with our previous published data (Arampatzis et al., 2007) was to examine the effects of a controlled modulation of strain magnitude and strain frequency applied to the Achilles tendon on the plasticity of tendon mechanical and morphological properties. Eleven male adults (23.9±2.2 yr) participated in the study. The participants exercised one leg at low magnitude tendon strain (2.97±0.47%), and the other leg at high tendon strain magnitude (4.72±1.08%) of similar frequency (0.5 Hz, 1 s loading, 1 s relaxation) and exercise volume (integral of the plantar flexion moment over time) for 14 weeks, 4 days per week, 5 sets per session. The exercise volume was similar to the intervention of our earlier study (0.17 Hz frequency; 3 s loading, 3 s relaxation) allowing a direct comparison of the results. Before and after the intervention ankle joint moment has been measured by a dynamometer, tendon–aponeurosis elongation by ultrasound and cross-sectional area of the Achilles tendon by magnet resonance images (MRI). We found a decrease in strain at a given tendon force, an increase in tendon–aponeurosis stiffness and tendon elastic modulus of the Achilles tendon only in the leg exercised at high strain magnitude. The cross-sectional area (CSA) of the Achilles tendon did not show any statistically significant (P>0.05) differences to the pre-exercise values in both legs. The results indicate a superior improvement in tendon properties (stiffness, elastic modulus and CSA) at the low frequency (0.17 Hz) compared to the high strain frequency (0.5 Hz) protocol. These findings provide evidence that the strain magnitude applied to the Achilles tendon should exceed the value, which occurs during habitual activities to trigger adaptational effects and that higher tendon strain duration per contraction leads to superior tendon adaptational responses. Y1 - 2010 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiomech.2010.08.014 SN - 0021-9290 VL - 43 IS - 16 SP - 3073 EP - 3079 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Aggeloussis, Nickos A1 - Giannakou, Erasmia A1 - Albracht, Kirsten A1 - Arampatzis, Adamantios T1 - Reproducibility of fascicle length and pennation angle of gastrocnemius medialis in human gait in vivo JF - Gait and Posture N2 - The purpose of the current study was to examine the reproducibility of fascicle length and pennation angle of gastrocnemius medialis while human walking. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study of the reproducibility of fascicle length and pennation angle of gastrocnemius medialis in vivo during human gait. Twelve males performed 10 gait trials on a treadmill, in 2 separate days. B-mode ultrasonography, with the ultrasound probe firmly adjusted in the transverse and frontal planes using a special cast, was used to measure the fascicle length and the pennation angle of the gastrocnemius medialis (GM). A Vicon 624 system with three cameras operating at 120 Hz was also used to record the ankle and knee joint angles. The results showed that measurements of fascicle length and pennation angle showed high reproducibility during the gait cycle, both within the same day and between different days. Moreover, the root mean square differences between the repeated waveforms of both variables were very small, compared with their ranges (fascicle length: RMS = ∼3 mm, range: 38–63 mm; pennation angle: RMS = ∼1.5°, range: 22–32°). However, their reproducibility was lower compared to the joint angles. It was found that representative data have to be derived by a wide number of gait trials (fascicle length ∼six trials, pennation angle more than 10 trials), to assure the reliability of the fascicle length and pennation angle in human gait. Y1 - 2010 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gaitpost.2009.08.249 SN - 0966-6362 VL - 31 IS - 1 SP - 73 EP - 77 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Ross, Jillian A1 - Plummer, Simon M. A1 - Rode, Anja A1 - Scheer, Nico A1 - Bower, Conrad C. A1 - Vogel, Ortwin A1 - Henderson, Colin J. A1 - Wolf, C. Roland A1 - Elcombe, Clifford R. T1 - Human constitutive androstane receptor (CAR) and pregnane X receptor (PXR) support the hypertrophic but not the hyperplastic response to the murine nongenotoxic hepatocarcinogens phenobarbital and chlordane in vivo JF - Toxicological Sciences N2 - Mouse nongenotoxic hepatocarcinogens phenobarbital (PB) and chlordane induce hepatomegaly characterized by hypertrophy and hyperplasia. Increased cell proliferation is implicated in the mechanism of tumor induction. The relevance of these tumors to human health is unclear. The xenoreceptors, constitutive androstane receptors (CARs), and pregnane X receptor (PXR) play key roles in these processes. Novel “humanized” and knockout models for both receptors were developed to investigate potential species differences in hepatomegaly. The effects of PB (80 mg/kg/4 days) and chlordane (10 mg/kg/4 days) were investigated in double humanized PXR and CAR (huPXR/huCAR), double knockout PXR and CAR (PXRKO/CARKO), and wild-type (WT) C57BL/6J mice. In WT mice, both compounds caused increased liver weight, hepatocellular hypertrophy, and cell proliferation. Both compounds caused alterations to a number of cell cycle genes consistent with induction of cell proliferation in WT mice. However, these gene expression changes did not occur in PXRKO/CARKO or huPXR/huCAR mice. Liver hypertrophy without hyperplasia was demonstrated in the huPXR/huCAR animals in response to both compounds. Induction of the CAR and PXR target genes, Cyp2b10 and Cyp3a11, was observed in both WT and huPXR/huCAR mouse lines following treatment with PB or chlordane. In the PXRKO/CARKO mice, neither liver growth nor induction of Cyp2b10 and Cyp3a11 was seen following PB or chlordane treatment, indicating that these effects are CAR/PXR dependent. These data suggest that the human receptors are able to support the chemically induced hypertrophic responses but not the hyperplastic (cell proliferation) responses. At this time, we cannot be certain that hCAR and hPXR when expressed in the mouse can function exactly as the genes do when they are expressed in human cells. However, all parameters investigated to date suggest that much of their functionality is maintained. Y1 - 2010 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1093/toxsci/kfq118 SN - 1096-0929 VL - 116 IS - 2 SP - 452 EP - 466 PB - Oxford University Press CY - Oxford ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Scheer, Nico A1 - Ross, Jillian A1 - Kapelyukh, Yury A1 - Rode, Anja A1 - Wolf, C. Roland T1 - In vivo responses of the human and murine pregnane X receptor to dexamethasone in mice JF - Drug Metabolism and Disposition N2 - Dexamethasone (DEX) is a potent and widely used anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressant glucocorticoid. It can bind and activate the pregnane X receptor (PXR), which plays a critical role as xenobiotic sensor in mammals to induce the expression of many enzymes, including cytochromes P450 in the CYP3A family. This induction results in its own metabolism. We have used a series of transgenic mouse lines, including a novel, improved humanized PXR line, to compare the induction profile of PXR-regulated drug-metabolizing enzymes after DEX administration, as well as looking at hepatic responses to rifampicin (RIF). The new humanized PXR model has uncovered further intriguing differences between the human and mouse receptors in that RIF only induced Cyp2b10 in the new humanized model. DEX was found to be a much more potent inducer of Cyp3a proteins in wild-type mice than in mice humanized for PXR. To assess whether PXR is involved in the detoxification of DEX in the liver, we analyzed the consequences of high doses of the glucocorticoid on hepatotoxicity on different PXR genetic backgrounds. We also studied these effects in an additional mouse model in which functional mouse Cyp3a genes have been deleted. These strains exhibited different sensitivities to DEX, indicating a protective role of the PXR and CYP3A proteins against the hepatotoxicity of this compound. Y1 - 2010 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1124/dmd.109.031872 SN - 1521-009X VL - 38 IS - 7 SP - 1046 EP - 1053 PB - ASPET CY - Bethesda ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Paulßen, Elisabeth A1 - Schweighöfer, Philip V. A1 - Abram, Ulrich T1 - Reactions of [ReOX3(PPh3)2] Complexes (X = Cl, Br) with Phenylacetylene and the Structures of the Products JF - Zeitschrift für anorganische und allgemeine Chemie : ZAAC = Journal of inorganic and general chemistry N2 - Oxorhenium(V) complexes [ReOX3(PPh3)2] (X = Cl, Br) react with phenylacetylene under formation of complexes with ylide-type ligands. Compounds of the compositions [ReOCl3(PPh3){C(Ph)C(H)(PPh3)}] (1), [ReOBr3(OPPh3){C(Ph)C(H)(PPh3)}] (2), and [ReOBr3(OPPh3){C(H)C(Ph)(PPh3)}] (3) were isolated and characterized by X-ray diffraction. They contain a ligand, which was formed by a nucleophilic attack of released PPh3 at coordinated phenylacetylene. The structures of the products show that there is no preferable position for this attack. Cleavage of the Re–C bond in 3 and dimerization of the organic ligand resulted in the formation of the [{(PPh3)(H)CC(Ph)}2]2+ cation, which crystallized as its [(ReOBr4)(OReO3)]2– salt. Y1 - 2010 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/zaac.200900478 SN - 1521-3749 VL - 636 IS - 5 SP - 779 EP - 783 PB - Wiley-VCH CY - Weinheim ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Paulßen, Elisabeth A1 - Alberto, Roger A1 - Abram, Ulrich T1 - Synthesis, Characterization, and Structures of R3EOTcO3 Complexes (E = C, Si, Ge, Sn, Pb) and Related Compounds JF - Inorganic Chemistry N2 - AgTcO4 reacts with R3ECl compounds (E = C, Si, Ge, Sn, Pb; R = Me, iPr, tBu, Ph), tBu2SnCl2, or PhMgCl under formation of novel trioxotechnetium(VII) derivatives. The carbon and silicon derivatives readily undergo decomposition, which was proven by 99Tc NMR spectroscopy and the isolation of decomposition products such as [TcOCl3(THF)(OH2)]. Compounds [Ph3GeOTcO3], [(THF)Ph3SnOTcO3], [(O3TcO)SntBu2(OH)]2, and [(THF)4Mg(OTcO3)2] are more stable and were isolated in crystalline form and characterized by X-ray diffraction. Y1 - 2010 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1021/ic1001094 SN - 1520-510X VL - 49 IS - 7 SP - 3525 EP - 3530 PB - American Chemical Society CY - Washington ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Bernecker, Andreas T1 - A European Private Company: Is Europe’s single legal form for SMEs close to approval? JF - Research Briefing N2 - This Research Briefing, issued in July 2010, concluded that: - Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in Europe have long called for a matching legal form valid across the EU (similar to that of the European company (SE) for large firms) - The main benefits would be the availability of uniform Europe-wide company structures, significant cost reductions for businesses and further integration of the internal market - Given the differing national views regarding the concrete features of the new legal form there is currently no sign of an agreement being reached at the European level in the short term; however, it is possible that progress will be made in negotiations during the year - The key issues being discussed in depth are company formation, transnationality and employee participation rights in the new European private company (SPE). Y1 - 2010 SN - 2193-5955 PB - Deutsche Bank Research CY - Frankfurt a. M. ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Czarnecki, Christian A1 - Winkelmann, Axel A1 - Spiliopoulou, Myra T1 - Services in electronic telecommunication markets: a framework for planning the virtualization of processes JF - Electronic Markets N2 - The potential of electronic markets in enabling innovative product bundles through flexible and sustainable partnerships is not yet fully exploited in the telecommunication industry. One reason is that bundling requires seamless de-assembling and re-assembling of business processes, whilst processes in telecommunication companies are often product-dependent and hard to virtualize. We propose a framework for the planning of the virtualization of processes, intended to assist the decision maker in prioritizing the processes to be virtualized: (a) we transfer the virtualization pre-requisites stated by the Process Virtualization Theory in the context of customer-oriented processes in the telecommunication industry and assess their importance in this context, (b) we derive IT-oriented requirements for the removal of virtualization barriers and highlight their demand on changes at different levels of the organization. We present a first evaluation of our approach in a case study and report on lessons learned and further steps to be performed. KW - Telecommunication KW - Services KW - Process virtualization KW - Product bundling KW - Transformation Y1 - 2010 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s12525-010-0045-8 SN - 1422-8890 VL - 20 IS - 3-4 SP - 197 EP - 207 PB - Springer CY - Berlin ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Orzada, Stephan A1 - Maderwald, Stefan A1 - Poser, Benedikt Andreas A1 - Bitz, Andreas A1 - Quick, Harald H. A1 - Ladd, Mark E. T1 - RF excitation using time interleaved acquisition of modes (TIAMO) to address B1 inhomogeneity in high-field MRI JF - Magnetic Resonance in Medicine N2 - As the field strength and, therefore, the operational frequency in MRI is increased, the wavelength approaches the size of the human head/body, resulting in wave effects, which cause signal decreases and dropouts. Several multichannel approaches have been proposed to try to tackle these problems, including RF shimming, where each element in an array is driven by its own amplifier and modulated with a certain (constant) amplitude and phase relative to the other elements, and Transmit SENSE, where spatially tailored RF pulses are used. In this article, a relatively inexpensive and easy to use imaging scheme for 7 Tesla imaging is proposed to mitigate signal voids due to B1 field inhomogeneity. Two time-interleaved images are acquired using a different excitation mode for each. By forming virtual receive elements, both images are reconstructed together using GRAPPA to achieve a more homogeneous image, with only small SNR and SAR penalty in head and body imaging at 7 Tesla. Y1 - 2010 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/mrm.22527 SN - 1522-2594 VL - 64 IS - 2 SP - 327 EP - 333 PB - Wiley-Liss CY - New York ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kraff, Oliver A1 - Bitz, Andreas A1 - Dammann, Philipp A1 - Ladd, Susanne C. A1 - Ladd, Mark E. A1 - Quick, Harald H. T1 - An eight-channel transmit/receive multipurpose coil for musculoskeletal MR imaging at 7 T JF - Medical Physics N2 - Purpose: MRI plays a leading diagnostic role in assessing the musculoskeletal (MSK) system and is well established for most questions at clinically used field strengths (up to 3 T). However, there are still limitations in imaging early stages of cartilage degeneration, very fine tendons and ligaments, or in locating nerve lesions, for example. 7 T MRI of the knee has already received increasing attention in the current published literature, but there is a strong need to develop new radiofrequency (RF) coils to assess more regions of the MSK system. In this work, an eight-channel transmit/receive RF array was built as a multipurpose coil for imaging some of the thus far neglected regions. An extensive coil characterization protocol and first in vivo results of the human wrist, shoulder, elbow, knee, and ankle imaged at 7 T will be presented. Methods: Eight surface loop coils with a dimension ofurn:x-wiley:00942405:media:mp7176:mp7176-math-0001 were machined from FR4 circuit board material. To facilitate easy positioning, two coil clusters, each with four loop elements, were combined to one RF transmit/receive array. An overlapped and shifted arrangement of the coil elements was chosen to reduce the mutual inductance between neighboring coils. A phantom made of body-simulating liquid was used for tuning and matching on the bench. Afterward, the S-parameters were verified on a human wrist, elbow, and shoulder. For safety validation, a detailed compliance test was performed including full wave simulations of the RF field distribution and the corresponding specific absorption rate (SAR) for all joints. In vivo images of four volunteers were assessed with gradient echo and spin echo sequences modified to obtain optimal image contrast, full anatomic coverage, and the highest spatial resolution within a reasonable acquisition time. The performance of the RF coil was additionally evaluated by in vivo B1 mapping. Results: A comparison of B1 per unit power, flip angle distribution, and anatomic images showed a fairly homogeneous excitation for the smaller joints (elbow, wrist, and ankle), while for the larger joints, the shoulder and especially the knee, B1 inhomogeneities and limited penetration depth were more pronounced. However, the greater part of the shoulder joint could be imaged.In vivo images rendered very fine anatomic details such as fascicles of the median nerve and the branching of the nerve bundles. High-resolution images of cartilage, labrum, and tendons could be acquired. Additionally, turbo spin echo (TSE) and inversion recovery sequences performed very well. Conclusions: This study demonstrates that the concept of two four-channel transmit/receive RF arrays can be used as a multipurpose coil for high-resolutionin vivo MR imaging of the musculoskeletal system at 7 T. Not only gradient echo but also typical clinical and SAR-intensive sequences such as STIR and TSE performed well. Imaging of small structures and peripheral nerves could in particular benefit from this technique. Y1 - 2010 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1118/1.3517176 SN - 2473-4209 VL - 37 IS - 12 SP - 6368 EP - 6376 PB - Wiley CY - Hoboken, NJ ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schlamann, Marc A1 - Voigt, Melanie A. A1 - Maderwald, Stefan A1 - Bitz, Andreas A1 - Kraff, Oliver A1 - Ladd, Susanne C. A1 - Ladd, Mark E. A1 - Forsting, Michael A1 - Wilhelm, Hans T1 - Exposure to high-field MRI does not affect cognitive function JF - Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging N2 - Purpose To assess potential cognitive deficits under the influence of static magnetic fields at various field strengths some studies already exist. These studies were not focused on attention as the most vulnerable cognitive function. Additionally, mostly no magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) sequences were performed. Materials and Methods In all, 25 right-handed men were enrolled in this study. All subjects underwent one MRI examination of 63 minutes at 1.5 T and one at 7 T within an interval of 10 to 30 days. The order of the examinations was randomized. Subjects were referred to six standardized neuropsychological tests strictly focused on attention immediately before and after each MRI examination. Differences in neuropsychological variables between the timepoints before and after each MRI examination were assessed and P-values were calculated Results Only six subtests revealed significant differences between pre- and post-MRI. In these tests the subjects achieved better results in post-MRI testing than in pre-MRI testing (P = 0.013–0.032). The other tests revealed no significant results. Conclusion The improvement in post-MRI testing is only explicable as a result of learning effects. MRI examinations, even in ultrahigh-field scanners, do not seem to have any persisting influence on the attention networks of human cognition immediately after exposure. Y1 - 2010 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/jmri.22065 SN - 1522-2586 VL - 31 IS - 5 SP - 1061 EP - 1066 PB - Wiley-Liss CY - New York ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schlamann, Marc A1 - Yoon, Min-Suk A1 - Maderwald, Stefan A1 - Pietrzyk, Thomas A1 - Bitz, Andreas A1 - Gerwig, Marcus A1 - Forsting, Michael A1 - Ladd, Susanne C. A1 - Ladd, Mark E. A1 - Kastrup, Oliver T1 - Short term effects of magnetic resonance imaging on excitability of the motor cortex at 1.5T and 7T JF - Academic Radiology N2 - Rationale and Objectives The increasing spread of high-field and ultra-high-field magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scanners has encouraged new discussion of the safety aspects of MRI. Few studies have been published on possible cognitive effects of MRI examinations. The aim of this study was to examine whether changes are measurable after MRI examinations at 1.5 and 7 T by means of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS). Materials and Methods TMS was performed in 12 healthy, right-handed male volunteers. First the individual motor threshold was specified, and then the cortical silent period (SP) was measured. Subsequently, the volunteers were exposed to the 1.5-T MRI scanner for 63 minutes using standard sequences. The MRI examination was immediately followed by another TMS session. Fifteen minutes later, TMS was repeated. Four weeks later, the complete setting was repeated using a 7-T scanner. Control conditions included lying in the 1.5-T scanner for 63 minutes without scanning and lying in a separate room for 63 minutes. TMS was performed in the same way in each case. For statistical analysis, Wilcoxon's rank test was performed. Results Immediately after MRI exposure, the SP was highly significantly prolonged in all 12 subjects at 1.5 and 7 T. The motor threshold was significantly increased. Fifteen minutes after the examination, the measured value tended toward normal again. Control conditions revealed no significant differences. Conclusion MRI examinations lead to a transient and highly significant alteration in cortical excitability. This effect does not seem to depend on the strength of the static magnetic field. Y1 - 2010 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.acra.2009.10.004 SN - 1076-6332 VL - 17 IS - 3 SP - 277 EP - 281 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Degering, Christian A1 - Eggert, Thorsten A1 - Puls, Michael A1 - Bongaerts, Johannes A1 - Evers, Stefan A1 - Maurer, Karl-Heinz A1 - Jaeger, Karl-Erich T1 - Optimization of protease secretion in Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis by screening of homologous and herologous signal peptides JF - Applied and environmental microbiology N2 - Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis are widely used for the large-scale industrial production of proteins. These strains can efficiently secrete proteins into the culture medium using the general secretion (Sec) pathway. A characteristic feature of all secreted proteins is their N-terminal signal peptides, which are recognized by the secretion machinery. Here, we have studied the production of an industrially important secreted protease, namely, subtilisin BPN′ from Bacillus amyloliquefaciens. One hundred seventy-three signal peptides originating from B. subtilis and 220 signal peptides from the B. licheniformis type strain were fused to this secretion target and expressed in B. subtilis, and the resulting library was analyzed by high-throughput screening for extracellular proteolytic activity. We have identified a number of signal peptides originating from both organisms which produced significantly increased yield of the secreted protease. Interestingly, we observed that levels of extracellular protease were improved not only in B. subtilis, which was used as the screening host, but also in two different B. licheniformis strains. To date, it is impossible to predict which signal peptide will result in better secretion and thus an improved yield of a given extracellular target protein. Our data show that screening a library consisting of homologous and heterologous signal peptides fused to a target protein can identify more-effective signal peptides, resulting in improved protein export not only in the original screening host but also in different production strains. Y1 - 2010 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.01146-10 SN - 1098-5336 (E-Journal); 0003-6919 (Print); 0099-2240 (Print) VL - 76 IS - 19 SP - 6370 EP - 6378 PB - American Society for Microbiology CY - Washington, DC ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Ferrein, Alexander T1 - golog.lua: Towards a Non-Prolog Implementation of Golog for Embedded Systems JF - Cognitive Robotics / Lakemeyer, Gerhard (ed.) Y1 - 2010 N1 - Dagstuhl Seminar Proceedings ; 10081 SP - 1 EP - 15 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Akimbekov, Nuraly S. A1 - Zhubanova, A. A. A1 - Mansurov, Z. A. A1 - Digel, Ilya A1 - Artmann, Gerhard A1 - Temiz Artmann, Aysegül T1 - Use of Carbonized Rise Shell for the local treatment of wounds JF - Eurasian ChemTech Journal N2 - On the model of musculocutaneous wound in rats, the effect of applicative sorption by carbonized rise shell (CRS) on the healing of festering wound was studied. It has been shown, that cytological changes end with rapid scar formation. The use of CRS at the period of severe purulent wound contributes to its favorable course, prevents the development of complications of the animals from sepsis. Y1 - 2010 U6 - https://doi.org/10.18321/ectj35 SN - 2522-4867 VL - 12 IS - 2 SP - 133 EP - 138 PB - Institute of Combustion Problems CY - Almaty ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Bäcker, Matthias A1 - Poghossian, Arshak A1 - Abouzar, Maryam H. A1 - Wenmackers, Sylvia A1 - Janssens, Stoffel D. A1 - Haenen, Ken A1 - Wagner, Patrick A1 - Schöning, Michael Josef T1 - Capacitive field-effect (bio-)chemical sensors based on nanocrystalline diamond films JF - Diamond Electronics and Bioelectronics — Fundamentals to Applications III, edited by P. Bergonzo, [u.a.] Y1 - 2010 N1 - MRS Proceedings Volume 1203 paper 1203-J17-31 ; Mater. Res. Soc. Sympos. Proc. Vol 1203 (2010) ; Materials Research Society SP - 1 EP - 6 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Niemüller, Tim A1 - Ferrein, Alexander A1 - Beck, Daniel A1 - Lakemeyer, Gerhard T1 - Design Principles of the Component-Based Robot Software Framework Fawkes JF - Simulation, Modeling, and Programming for Autonomous Robots Y1 - 2010 N1 - Lecture Notes in Computer Science ; 6472 ; Second International Conference, SIMPAR 2010, Darmstadt, Germany, November 15-18, 2010. Proceedings SP - 300 EP - 311 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Ferrein, Alexander A1 - Steinbauer, Gerald T1 - On the Way to High-Level Programming for Resource-Limited Embedded Systems with Golog JF - Simulation, Modeling, and Programming for Autonomous Robots Y1 - 2010 N1 - Lecture Notes in Computer Science ; 6472 ; Second International Conference, SIMPAR 2010, Darmstadt, Germany, November 15-18, 2010. Proceedings SP - 229 EP - 240 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Abouzar, Maryam H. A1 - Poghossian, Arshak A1 - Siqueira, José R. Jr. A1 - Oliveira, Osvaldo N. Jr. A1 - Moritz, Werner A1 - Schöning, Michael Josef T1 - Capacitive electrolyte-insulator-semiconductor structures functionalised with a polyelectrolyte/enzyme multilayer: New strategy for enhanced field-effect biosensing JF - Physica Status Solidi (A). 207 (2010), H. 4 Y1 - 2010 SN - 1862-6300 N1 - Special Issue: Engineering of Functional Interfaces EnFI 2009 SP - 884 EP - 890 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Tran, Thanh Ngoc A1 - Staat, Manfred T1 - Shakedown analysis of two dimensional structures by an edge-based smoothed finite element method Y1 - 2010 N1 - ECCM 2010, IV European Conference on Computational Mechanics, Paris, France, May 16-21, 2010. SP - 1 EP - 7 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Siqueira, José R. Jr. A1 - Bäcker, Matthias A1 - Poghossian, Arshak A1 - Zucolotto, Valtencir A1 - Oliveira, Osvaldo N. Jr. A1 - Schöning, Michael Josef T1 - Associating biosensing properties with the morphological structure of multilayers containing carbon nanotubes on field-effect devices JF - Physica status solidi (a). 207 (2010), H. 4 Y1 - 2010 SN - 1862-6300 N1 - Special Issue: Engineering of Functional Interfaces EnFI 2009 SP - 781 EP - 786 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Horstmann, Marie-Therese A1 - Bialonski, Stephan A1 - Noenning, Nina A1 - Mai, Heinke A1 - Prusseit, Jens A1 - Wellmer, Jörg A1 - Hinrichs, Hermann A1 - Lehnertz, Klaus T1 - State dependent properties of epileptic brain networks: Comparative graph–theoretical analyses of simultaneously recorded EEG and MEG JF - Clinical Neurophysiology N2 - Objective To investigate whether functional brain networks of epilepsy patients treated with antiepileptic medication differ from networks of healthy controls even during the seizure-free interval. Methods We applied different rules to construct binary and weighted networks from EEG and MEG data recorded under a resting-state eyes-open and eyes-closed condition from 21 epilepsy patients and 23 healthy controls. The average shortest path length and the clustering coefficient served as global statistical network characteristics. Results Independent on the behavioral condition, epileptic brains exhibited a more regular functional network structure. Similarly, the eyes-closed condition was characterized by a more regular functional network structure in both groups. The amount of network reorganization due to behavioral state changes was similar in both groups. Consistent findings could be achieved for networks derived from EEG but hardly from MEG recordings, and network construction rules had a rather strong impact on our findings. Conclusions Despite the locality of the investigated processes epileptic brain networks differ in their global characteristics from non-epileptic brain networks. Further methodological developments are necessary to improve the characterization of disturbed and normal functional networks. Significance An increased regularity and a diminished modulation capability appear characteristic of epileptic brain networks. Y1 - 2010 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clinph.2009.10.013 SN - 1388-2457 VL - 121 IS - 2 SP - 172 EP - 185 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Ullrich, Sebastian A1 - Grottke, Oliver A1 - Rossaint, Rolf A1 - Staat, Manfred A1 - Deserno, Thomas M. A1 - Kuhlen, Torsten T1 - Virtual Needle Simulation with Haptics for Regional Anaesthesia Y1 - 2010 N1 - IEEE Virtual Reality 2010, Workshop on Medical Virtual Environments, Waltham, MA, USA, March 21, 2010 SP - 1 EP - 3 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Grottke, O. A1 - Braunschweig, T. A1 - Philippen, B. A1 - Gatzweiler, Karl-Heinz A1 - Gronloh, N. A1 - Staat, Manfred A1 - Rossaint, R. A1 - Tolba, R. T1 - A New Model for Blunt Liver Injuries in the Swine JF - European Surgical Research. 44 (2010), H. 2 Y1 - 2010 SN - 1421-9921 SP - 65 EP - 73 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Buniatyan, Vahe V. A1 - Abouzar, Maryam H. A1 - Martirosyan, Norayr W. A1 - Schubert, Jürgen A1 - Gevorgian, Spartak A1 - Schöning, Michael Josef A1 - Poghossian, Arshak T1 - pH-sensitive properties of barium strontium titanate (BST) thin films prepared by pulsed laser deposition technique JF - Physica Status Solidi (A). 207 (2010), H. 4 Y1 - 2010 SN - 1862-6300 N1 - Special Issue: Engineering of Functional Interfaces EnFI 2009 SP - 824 EP - 830 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Staat, Manfred A1 - Sponagel, Stefan A1 - Nguyen, Nhu Huynh T1 - Experiment and material model for soft tissue materials JF - Constitutive models for rubber VI : proceedings of the sixth European Conference on Constitutive Models for Rubber, Dresden, Germany, 7 - 10 September 2009 / eds. Gert Heinrich ... Y1 - 2010 SN - 978-0-415-56327-7 SP - 465 EP - 470 PB - CRC Press CY - Boca Raton [u.a.] ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Beging, Stefan A1 - Mlynek, Daniela A1 - Hataihimakul, Sudkanung A1 - Poghossian, Arshak A1 - Baldsiefen, Gerhard A1 - Busch, Heinz A1 - Laube, Norbert A1 - Kleinen, Lisa A1 - Schöning, Michael Josef T1 - Field-effect calcium sensor for the determination of the risk of urinary stone formation JF - Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical. 144 (2010), H. 2 Y1 - 2010 N1 - 22nd International Conference on Eurosensors - Dresden, Germany, 7-10 September 2008 ; Eurosensors ; (22, 2008, Dresden) SP - 374 EP - 379 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Bialonski, Stephan A1 - Horstmann, Marie-Therese A1 - Lehnertz, Klaus T1 - From brain to earth and climate systems: Small-world interaction networks or not? JF - Chaos: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Nonlinear Science N2 - We consider recent reports on small-world topologies of interaction networks derived from the dynamics of spatially extended systems that are investigated in diverse scientific fields such as neurosciences, geophysics, or meteorology. With numerical simulations that mimic typical experimental situations, we have identified an important constraint when characterizing such networks: indications of a small-world topology can be expected solely due to the spatial sampling of the system along with the commonly used time series analysis based approaches to network characterization. Y1 - 2010 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3360561 SN - 1089-7682 VL - 20 IS - 1 PB - AIP Publishing CY - Melville, NY ER - TY - JOUR A1 - von Knobelsdorf-Brenkenhoff, Florian A1 - Frauenrath, Tobias A1 - Prothmann, Marcel A1 - Dieringer, Matthias A. A1 - Hezel, Fabian A1 - Renz, Wolfgang A1 - Kretschel, Kerstin A1 - Niendorf, Thoralf A1 - Schulz-Menger, Jeanette T1 - Cardiac chamber quantification using magnetic resonance imaging at 7 Tesla—a pilot study N2 - Objectives Interest in cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) at 7 T is motivated by the expected increase in spatial and temporal resolution, but the method is technically challenging. We examined the feasibility of cardiac chamber quantification at 7 T. Methods A stack of short axes covering the left ventricle was obtained in nine healthy male volunteers. At 1.5 T, steady-state free precession (SSFP) and fast gradient echo (FGRE) cine imaging with 7 mm slice thickness (STH) were used. At 7 T, FGRE with 7 mm and 4 mm STH were applied. End-diastolic volume, end-systolic volume, ejection fraction and mass were calculated. Results All 7 T examinations provided excellent blood/myocardium contrast for all slice directions. No significant difference was found regarding ejection fraction and cardiac volumes between SSFP at 1.5 T and FGRE at 7 T, while volumes obtained from FGRE at 1.5 T were underestimated. Cardiac mass derived from FGRE at 1.5 and 7 T was larger than obtained from SSFP at 1.5 T. Agreement of volumes and mass between SSFP at 1.5 T and FGRE improved for FGRE at 7 T when combined with an STH reduction to 4 mm. Conclusions This pilot study demonstrates that cardiac chamber quantification at 7 T using FGRE is feasible and agrees closely with SSFP at 1.5 T. Y1 - 2010 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00330-010-1888-2 SN - 0938-7994 VL - 20 SP - 2844 EP - 2852 PB - Springer CY - Berlin, Heidelberg ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Dobbertin, Matthias A1 - Eilmann, Britta A1 - Bleuler, Peter A1 - Giuggiola, Arnaud A1 - Graf Pannatier, Elisabeth A1 - Landolt, Werner A1 - Schleppi, Patrick A1 - Rigling, Andreas T1 - Effect of irrigation on needle morphology, shoot and stem growth in a drought-exposed Pinus sylvestris forest JF - Tree Physiology N2 - In Valais, Switzerland, Scots pines (Pinus sylvestris L.) are declining, mainly following drought. To assess the impact of drought on tree growth and survival, an irrigation experiment was initiated in 2003 in a mature pine forest, approximately doubling the annual precipitation. Tree crown transparency (lack of foliage) and leaf area index (LAI) were annually assessed. Seven irrigated and six control trees were felled in 2006, and needles, stem discs and branches were taken for growth analysis. Irrigation in 2004 and 2005, both with below-average precipitation, increased needle size, area and mass, stem growth and, with a 1-year delay, shoot length. This led to a relative decrease in tree crown transparency (−14%) and to an increase in stand LAI (+20%). Irrigation increased needle length by 70%, shoot length by 100% and ring width by 120%, regardless of crown transparency. Crown transparency correlated positively with mean needle size, shoot length and ring width and negatively with specific leaf area. Trees with high crown transparency (low growth, short needles) experienced similar increases in needle mass and growth with irrigation than trees with low transparency (high growth, long needles), indicating that seemingly declining trees were able to ‘recover’ when water supply became sufficient. A simple drought index before and during the irrigation explained most of the variation found in the parameters for both irrigated and control trees. Y1 - 2010 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1093/treephys/tpp123 SN - 1758-4469 (Online) SN - 0829-318X (Print) VL - 30 IS - 3 SP - 346 EP - 360 PB - Oxford University Press CY - Oxford ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Helmig, Ilka T1 - Nitty - fontnames illustrated JF - Slanted KW - Illustration KW - Typographie Y1 - 2010 SN - 1867-6510 IS - 11 SP - 68 EP - 69 PB - Slanted Publishers CY - Karlsruhe ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Egli, Simon A1 - Ayer, François A1 - Peter, Martina A1 - Eilmann, Britta A1 - Rigling, Andreas T1 - Is forest mushroom productivity driven by tree growth? Results from a thinning experiment JF - Annals of Forest Science N2 - • Most of the edible forest mushrooms are mycorrhizal and depend on carbohydrates produced by the associated trees. Fruiting patterns of these fungi are not yet fully understood since climatic factors alone do not completely explain mushroom occurrence. • The objective of this study was to retrospectively find out if changing tree growth following an increment thinning has influenced the diversity patterns and productivity of associated forest mushrooms in the fungus reserve La Chanéaz, Switzerland. • The results reveal a clear temporal relationship between the thinning, the growth reaction of trees and the reaction of the fungal community, especially for the ectomycorrhizal species. The tree-ring width of the formerly suppressed beech trees and the fruit body number increased after thinning, leading to a significantly positive correlation between fruit body numbers and tree-ring width. • Fruit body production was influenced by previous annual tree growth, the best accordance was found between fruit body production and the tree-ring width two years previously. • The results support the hypothesis that ectomycorrhizal fruit body production must be linked with the growth of the associated host trees. Moreover, the findings indicate the importance of including mycorrhizal fungi as important players when discussing a tree as a carbon source or sink. Y1 - 2010 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1051/forest/2010011 SN - 1286-4560 (Print) SN - 1297-966X (Online) VL - 67 IS - 5 SP - 509 PB - Springer CY - Paris ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Esch, Thomas T1 - Trends in commercial vehicle powertrains JF - ATZautotechnology N2 - Low emission zones and truck bans, the rising price of diesel and increases in road tolls: all of these factors are putting serious pressure on the transport industry. Commercial vehicle manufacturers and their suppliers are in the process of identifying new solutions to these challenges as part of their efforts to meet the EEV (enhanced environmentally friendly vehicle) limits, which are currently the most robust European exhaust and emissions standards for trucks and buses. KW - European Transient Cycle KW - Common Rail Injection System KW - Commercial Vehicle KW - Selective Catalytic Reduction KW - Diesel Engine Y1 - 2010 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03247185 SN - 2192-886X VL - 2010 IS - 10 SP - 26 EP - 31 PB - Vieweg & Sohn CY - Wiesbaden ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Grajewski, Matthias A1 - Köster, Michael A1 - Turek, Stefam T1 - Numerical analysis and implementational aspects of a new multilevel grid deformation method JF - Applied Numerical Mathematics N2 - Recently, we introduced and mathematically analysed a new method for grid deformation (Grajewski et al., 2009) [15] we call basic deformation method (BDM) here. It generalises the method proposed by Liao et al. (Bochev et al., 1996; Cai et al., 2004; Liao and Anderson, 1992) [4], [6], [20]. In this article, we employ the BDM as core of a new multilevel deformation method (MDM) which leads to vast improvements regarding robustness, accuracy and speed. We achieve this by splitting up the deformation process in a sequence of easier subproblems and by exploiting grid hierarchy. Being of optimal asymptotic complexity, we experience speed-ups up to a factor of 15 in our test cases compared to the BDM. This gives our MDM the potential for tackling large grids and time-dependent problems, where possibly the grid must be dynamically deformed once per time step according to the user's needs. Moreover, we elaborate on implementational aspects, in particular efficient grid searching, which is a key ingredient of the BDM. Y1 - 2010 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apnum.2010.03.017 SN - 0168-9274 VL - 60 IS - 8 SP - 767 EP - 781 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Bragard, Michael A1 - Soltau, N. A1 - Thomas, S. A1 - De Doncker, R. W. T1 - The balance of renewable sources and user demands in grids : power electronics for modular battery energy storage systems JF - IEEE transactions on power electronics N2 - The continuously growing amount of renewable sources starts compromising the stability of electrical grids. Contradictory to fossil fuel power plants, energy production of wind and photovoltaic (PV) energy is fluctuating. Although predictions have significantly improved, an outage of multi-MW offshore wind farms poses a challenging problem. One solution could be the integration of storage systems in the grid. After a short overview, this paper focuses on two exemplary battery storage systems, including the required power electronics. The grid integration, as well as the optimal usage of volatile energy reserves, is presented for a 5- kW PV system for home application, as well as for a 100- MW medium-voltage system, intended for wind farm usage. The efficiency and cost of topologies are investigated as a key parameter for large-scale integration of renewable power at medium- and low-voltage. Y1 - 2010 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/TPEL.2010.2085455 SN - 0885-8993 VL - 25 IS - 12 SP - 3049 EP - 3056 PB - IEEE CY - New York ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Eilmann, Britta A1 - Buchmann, Nina A1 - Siegwolf, Rolf A1 - Saurer, Matthias A1 - Cherubini, Paolo A1 - Rigling, Andreas T1 - Fast response of Scots pine to improved water availability reflected in tree-ring width and δ13C JF - Plant, Cell and Environment N2 - Drought-induced forest decline, like the Scots pine mortality in inner-Alpine valleys, will gain in importance as the frequency and severity of drought events are expected to increase. To understand how chronic drought affects tree growth and tree-ring δ13C values, we studied mature Scots pine in an irrigation experiment in an inner-Alpine valley. Tree growth and isotope analyses were carried out at the annual and seasonal scale. At the seasonal scale, maximum δ13C values were measured after the hottest and driest period of the year, and were associated with decreasing growth rates. Inter-annual δ13C values in early- and latewood showed a strong correlation with annual climatic conditions and an immediate decrease as a response to irrigation. This indicates a tight coupling between wood formation and the freshly produced assimilates for trees exposed to chronic drought. This rapid appearance of the isotopic signal is a strong indication for an immediate and direct transfer of newly synthesized assimilates for biomass production. The fast appearance and the distinct isotopic signal suggest a low availability of old stored carbohydrates. If this was a sign for C-storage depletion, an increasing mortality could be expected when stressors increase the need for carbohydrate for defence, repair or regeneration. Y1 - 2010 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3040.2010.02153.x SN - 1365-3040 (Online) SN - 0140-7791 (Print) VL - 33 IS - 8 SP - 1351 EP - 1360 PB - Wiley-Blackwell CY - Oxford ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Fonti, Patrick A1 - von Arx, Georg A1 - García-González, Ignacio A1 - Eilmann, Britta A1 - Sass-Klaassen, Ute G. W. A1 - Gärtner, Holger A1 - Eckstein, Dieter T1 - Studying global change through investigation of the plastic responses of xylem anatomy in tree rings JF - New Phytologist N2 - Variability in xylem anatomy is of interest to plant scientists because of the role water transport plays in plant performance and survival. Insights into plant adjustments to changing environmental conditions have mainly been obtained through structural and functional comparative studies between taxa or within taxa on contrasting sites or along environmental gradients. Yet, a gap exists regarding the study of hydraulic adjustments in response to environmental changes over the lifetimes of plants. In trees, dated tree-ring series are often exploited to reconstruct dynamics in ecological conditions, and recent work in which wood-anatomical variables have been used in dendrochronology has produced promising results. Environmental signals identified in water-conducting cells carry novel information reflecting changes in regional conditions and are mostly related to short, sub-annual intervals. Although the idea of investigating environmental signals through wood anatomical time series goes back to the 1960s, it is only recently that low-cost computerized image-analysis systems have enabled increased scientific output in this field. We believe that the study of tree-ring anatomy is emerging as a promising approach in tree biology and climate change research, particularly if complemented by physiological and ecological studies. This contribution presents the rationale, the potential, and the methodological challenges of this innovative approach. Y1 - 2010 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8137.2009.03030.x SN - 1469-8137 (Online) SN - 0028-646X (Print) VL - 185 IS - 1 SP - 42 EP - 53 PB - Wiley-Blackwell CY - Oxford ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Rigling, Andreas A1 - Eilmann, Britta A1 - Koechli, Roger A1 - Dobbertin, Matthias T1 - Mistletoe-induced crown degradation in Scots pine in a xeric environment N2 - Increasing Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) mortality has been recently observed in the dry inner valleys of the European Alps. Besides drought, infection with pine mistletoe (Viscum album ssp. austriacum) seems to play an important role in the mortality dynamics of Scots pines, but how mistletoes promote pine decline remains unclear. To verify whether pine mistletoe infection weakens the host via crown degradation, as observed for dwarf mistletoes, we studied the negative effects of pine mistletoe infestation on the photosynthetic tissues and branch growth of pairs of infested and non-infested branches. Pine mistletoe infection leads to crown degradation in its host by reducing the length, the radial increment, the ramification, the needle length and the number of needle years of the infested branches. This massive loss in photosynthetic tissue results in a reduction in primary production and a subsequent decrease in carbohydrate availability. The significant reduction in needle length due to mistletoe infection is an indication for a lower water and nutrient availability in infested branches. Thus, mistletoe infection might lead to a decrease in the availability of water and carbohydrates, the two most important growth factors, which are already shortened due to the chronic drought situation in the area. Therefore, pine mistletoe increases the risk of drought-induced mortality of its host when growing in a xeric environment. Y1 - 2010 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1093/treephys/tpq038 SN - 1758-4469 (Online) SN - 0829-318X (Print) VL - 30 IS - 7 SP - 845 EP - 832 PB - Oxford University Press CY - Oxford ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Riepl, Herbert Matthias A1 - Pettrak, Jürgen A1 - Faulstich, Martin A1 - Herrmann, Wolfgang Anton T1 - Self metathesis of fatty alcohols and amines to provide monomers for polyester and polyamide products JF - Macromolecular Symposia N2 - Self metathesis of oleochemicals offers a variety of bifunctional compounds, that can be used as monomer for polymer production. Many precursors are in huge scales available, like oleic acid ester (biodiesel), oleyl alcohol (tensides), oleyl amines (tensides, lubricants). We show several ways to produce and separate and purify C18-α,ω-bifunctional compounds, using Grubbs 2nd Generation catalysts, starting from technical grade educts. KW - fatty acid KW - metathesis KW - polyamide KW - polyester KW - renewable resources Y1 - 2010 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/masy.200900041 SN - 1521-3900 (eISSN) SN - 0258-0322 SN - 1022-1360 N1 - Special Issue: "Olefin Metathesis" VL - 293 IS - 1 SP - 39 EP - 42 PB - Wiley-VCH CY - Weinheim ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Ribitsch, D. A1 - Karl, W. A1 - Birner-Gruenberger, R. A1 - Gruber, K. A1 - Eiteljoerg, I. A1 - Remler, P. A1 - Wieland, S. A1 - Siegert, Petra A1 - Maurer, Karl-Heinz A1 - Schwab, H. T1 - C-terminal truncation of a metagenome-derived detergent protease for effective expression in E. coli JF - Journal of biotechnology N2 - Recently, a new alkaline protease named HP70 showing highest homology to extracellular serine proteases of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia and Xanthomonas campestris was found in the course of a metagenome screening for detergent proteases (Niehaus et al., submitted for publication). Attempts to efficiently express the enzyme in common expression hosts had failed. This study reports on the realization of overexpression in Escherichia coli after structural modification of HP70. Modelling of HP70 resulted in a two-domain structure, comprising the catalytic domain and a C-terminal domain which includes about 100 amino acids. On the basis of the modelled structure the enzyme was truncated by deletion of most of the C-terminal domain yielding HP70-C477. This structural modification allowed effective expression of active enzyme using E. coli BL21-Gold as the host. Specific activity of HP70-C477 determined with suc-l-Ala-l-Ala-l-Pro-l-Phe-p-nitroanilide as the substrate was 30 ± 5 U/mg compared to 8 ± 1 U/mg of the native enzyme. HP70-C477 was most active at 40 °C and pH 7–11; these conditions are prerequisite for a potential application as detergent enzyme. Determination of kinetic parameters at 40 °C and pH = 9.5 resulted in KM = 0.23 ± 0.01 mM and kcat = 167.5 ± 3.6 s⁻¹. MS-analysis of peptide fragments obtained from incubation of HP70 and HP70-C477 with insulin B indicated that the C-terminal domain influences the cleavage preferences of the enzyme. Washing experiments confirmed the high potential of HP70-C477 as detergent protease. Y1 - 2010 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiotec.2010.09.947 SN - 1873-4863 (E-Journal); 0168-1656 (Print) VL - 150 IS - 3 SP - 408 EP - 416 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Frauenrath, Tobias A1 - Hezel, Fabian A1 - Renz, Wolfgang A1 - de Geyer d'Orth, Thibaut A1 - Dieringer, Matthias A1 - von Knobelsdorf-Brenkenhoff, Florian A1 - Prothmann, Marcel A1 - Schulz-Menger, Jeanette A1 - Niendorf, Thoralf T1 - Acoustic cardiac triggering: a practical solution for synchronization and gating of cardiovascular magnetic resonance at 7 Tesla JF - Journal of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance N2 - Background To demonstrate the applicability of acoustic cardiac triggering (ACT) for imaging of the heart at ultrahigh magnetic fields (7.0 T) by comparing phonocardiogram, conventional vector electrocardiogram (ECG) and traditional pulse oximetry (POX) triggered 2D CINE acquisitions together with (i) a qualitative image quality analysis, (ii) an assessment of the left ventricular function parameter and (iii) an examination of trigger reliability and trigger detection variance derived from the signal waveforms. Results ECG was susceptible to severe distortions at 7.0 T. POX and ACT provided waveforms free of interferences from electromagnetic fields or from magneto-hydrodynamic effects. Frequent R-wave mis-registration occurred in ECG-triggered acquisitions with a failure rate of up to 30% resulting in cardiac motion induced artifacts. ACT and POX triggering produced images free of cardiac motion artefacts. ECG showed a severe jitter in the R-wave detection. POX also showed a trigger jitter of approximately Δt = 72 ms which is equivalent to two cardiac phases. ACT showed a jitter of approximately Δt = 5 ms only. ECG waveforms revealed a standard deviation for the cardiac trigger offset larger than that observed for ACT or POX waveforms. Image quality assessment showed that ACT substantially improved image quality as compared to ECG (image quality score at end-diastole: ECG = 1.7 ± 0.5, ACT = 2.4 ± 0.5, p = 0.04) while the comparison between ECG vs. POX gated acquisitions showed no significant differences in image quality (image quality score: ECG = 1.7 ± 0.5, POX = 2.0 ± 0.5, p = 0.34). Conclusions The applicability of acoustic triggering for cardiac CINE imaging at 7.0 T was demonstrated. ACT's trigger reliability and fidelity are superior to that of ECG and POX. ACT promises to be beneficial for cardiovascular magnetic resonance at ultra-high field strengths including 7.0 T. KW - Interval Time Series KW - Image Quality Score KW - Image Quality Assessment KW - Sound Pressure Level KW - Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Y1 - 2010 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1186/1532-429X-12-67 SN - 1532-429X VL - 12 IS - 1 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Barbazán, Paula A1 - Hagenbach, Adelheid A1 - Paulßen, Elisabeth A1 - Abram, Ulrich A1 - Carballo, Rosa A1 - Rodriguez-Hermida, Sabina A1 - Vázquez-López, Ezequiel M. T1 - Tricarbonyl Rhenium(I) and Technetium(I) Complexes with Hydrazones Derived from 4,5-Diazafluoren-9-one and 1,10-Phenanthroline-5,6-dione JF - European Journal of Inorganic Chemistry N2 - Tricarbonylrhenium(I) and -technetium(I) halide (halide = Cl and Br) complexes of ligands derived from 4,5-diazafluoren-9-one (df) and 1,10-phenanthroline-5,6-dione (phen) derivatives of benzoic and 2-hydroxybenzoic acid hydrazides have been prepared. The complexes have been characterized by elemental analysis, MS, IR, 1H NMR and absorption and emission UV/Vis spectroscopic methods. The metal centres (ReI and TcI) are coordinated through the nitrogen imine atoms and establish five-membered chelate rings, whereas the hydrazone groups stand uncoordinated. The 1H NMR spectra suggest the same behaviour in solution on the basis of only marginal variations in the chemical shifts of the hydrazine protons. Y1 - 2010 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/ejic.201000522 SN - 1099-0682 IS - 29 SP - 4622 EP - 4630 PB - Wiley-VCH CY - Weinheim ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Fleischhaker, Robert A1 - Evers, Jörg A1 - Dey, Tarak N. T1 - Phase modulation induced by cooperative effects in electromagnetically induced transparency JF - Physical Review A - Atomic, molecular, and optical physics N2 - We analyze the influence of dipole-dipole interactions in an electromagnetically induced transparency set up for a density at the onset of cooperative effects. To this end, we include mean-field models for the influence of local-field corrections and radiation trapping into our calculation. We show both analytically and numerically that the polarization contribution to the local field strongly modulates the phase of a weak pulse. We give an intuitive explanation for this local-field-induced phase modulation and demonstrate that it distinctively differs from the nonlinear self-phase-modulation that a strong pulse experiences in a Kerr medium. Y1 - 2010 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.82.013815 SN - 1050-2947 VL - 82 IS - 1 PB - AIP Publishing CY - Melville, NY ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Christen, Marc A1 - Kowalski, Julia A1 - Bartelt, Perry T1 - RAMMS: Numerical simulation of dense snow avalanches in three-dimensional terrain JF - Cold Regions Science and Technology N2 - Numerical avalanche dynamics models have become an essential part of snow engineering. Coupled with field observations and historical records, they are especially helpful in understanding avalanche flow in complex terrain. However, their application poses several new challenges to avalanche engineers. A detailed understanding of the avalanche phenomena is required to construct hazard scenarios which involve the careful specification of initial conditions (release zone location and dimensions) and definition of appropriate friction parameters. The interpretation of simulation results requires an understanding of the numerical solution schemes and easy to use visualization tools. We discuss these problems by presenting the computer model RAMMS, which was specially designed by the SLF as a practical tool for avalanche engineers. RAMMS solves the depth-averaged equations governing avalanche flow with accurate second-order numerical solution schemes. The model allows the specification of multiple release zones in three-dimensional terrain. Snow cover entrainment is considered. Furthermore, two different flow rheologies can be applied: the standard Voellmy–Salm (VS) approach or a random kinetic energy (RKE) model, which accounts for the random motion and inelastic interaction between snow granules. We present the governing differential equations, highlight some of the input and output features of RAMMS and then apply the models with entrainment to simulate two well-documented avalanche events recorded at the Vallée de la Sionne test site. KW - RAMMS KW - snow KW - avalanche Y1 - 2010 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coldregions.2010.04.005 SN - 1872-7441 VL - 63 IS - 1-2 SP - 1 EP - 14 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kozhalakova, A. A. A1 - Zhubanova, Azhar A. A1 - Mansurov, Z. A. A1 - Digel, Ilya A1 - Tazhibayeva, S. M. A1 - Artmann, Gerhard A1 - Temiz Artmann, Aysegül T1 - Adsorption of bacterial lipopolysaccharides on carbonized rice shell JF - Science of Central Asia Y1 - 2010 SP - 50 EP - 54 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Ferrein, Alexander T1 - Robot controllers for highly dynamic environments with real-time constraints JF - Künstliche Intelligenz : KI N2 - In this extended abstract we describe the robot programming and planning language READYLOG, a GOLOG dialect which was developed to support the decision making of robots acting in dynamic real-time domains like robotic soccer. The formal framework of READYLOG, which is based on the situation calculus, features imperative control structures like loops and procedures, allows for decision-theoretic planning, and accounts for a continuously changing world. We developed high-level controllers in READYLOG for our soccer robots in RoboCup’s Middle-size league, but also for service robots and for autonomous agents in interactive computer games. Y1 - 2010 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s13218-010-0041-3 SN - 1610-1987 VL - 24 IS - 2 SP - 175 EP - 178 PB - Springer CY - Heidelberg ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Rens, Gavin A1 - Varzinczak, Ivan A1 - Meyer, Thomas A1 - Ferrein, Alexander T1 - A Logic for Reasoning about Actions and Explicit Observations JF - AI 2010: Advances in Artificial Intelligence 23rd Australasian Joint Conference, Adelaide, Australia, December 7-10, 2010. Proceedings Y1 - 2010 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-17432-2_40 N1 - Lecture Notes in Computer Science ; 6464 SP - 395 EP - 404 PB - Springer CY - Berlin ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Funke, Harald A1 - Robinson, A. E. A1 - Hendrick, P. A1 - Wagemakers, R. T1 - Design and Testing of a Micromix Combustor With Recuperative Wall Cooling for a Hydrogen Fuelled µ-Scale Gas Turbine JF - Proceedings of the ASME Turbo Expo 2010 : presented at the 2010 ASME Turbo Expo, June 14 - 18, 2010, Glasgow, UK / sponsored by the International Gas Turbine Institute / Vol. 5: Industrial and cogeneration ; microturbines and small turbomachinery ; oil and gas applications ; wind turbine technology Y1 - 2010 SN - 978-0-7918-4400-7 N1 - GT2010-23453 ; ASME Turbo Expo ; (Glasgow) : 2010.06.14-18 SP - 587 EP - 596 PB - ASME CY - New York, NY ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Ferrein, Alexander T1 - golog.lua: Towards a Non-Prolog Implementation of Golog for Embedded Systems Y1 - 2010 SP - 20 EP - 28 PB - AAAI CY - Menlo Park ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Leimena, W. A1 - Artmann, Gerhard A1 - Dachwald, Bernd A1 - Temiz Artmann, Aysegül A1 - Gossmann, Matthias A1 - Digel, Ilya T1 - Feasibility of an in-situ microbial decontamination of an ice-melting probe JF - Eurasian Chemico-Technological Journal N2 - Autonomous robotic systems for penetrating thick ice shells with simultaneous collecting of scientific data are very promising devices in both terrestrial (glacier, climate research) and extra-terrestrial applications. Technical challenges in development of such systems are numerous and include 3D-navigation, an appropriate energy source, motion control, etc. Not less important is the problem of forward contamination of the pristine glacial environments with microorganisms and biomolecules from the surface of the probe. This study was devoted to establishing a laboratory model for microbial contamination of a newly constructed ice-melting probe called IceMole and to analyse the viability and amount of the contaminating microorganisms as a function of distance. The used bacterial strains were Bacillus subtilis (ATCC 6051) and Escherichia coli (ATCC 11775). The main objective was development of an efficient and reliable in-situ decontamination method of the melting probe. Therefore, several chemical substances were tested in respect of their efficacy to eliminate bacteria on the surface of the melting probe at low temperature (0 - 5 °C) and at continuous dilution by melted water. Our study has shown that at least 99.9% decontamination of the IceMole can be successfully achieved by the injection of 30% (v/v) hydrogen peroxide and 3% (v/v) sodium hypochlorite into the drilling site. We were able to reproduce this result in both time-dependent and depth-dependent experiments. The sufficient amount of 30% (v/v) H₂O₂ or 3% (v/v) NaClO has been found to be approximately 18 L per cm² of the probe’s surface. Y1 - 2010 SN - 1562-3920 U6 - https://doi.org/10.18321/ectj37 VL - 12 IS - 2 SP - 145 EP - 150 PB - Institute of Combustion Problems CY - Almaty ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Jansen, S. V. A1 - Behbahani, Mehdi A1 - Laumen, M. A1 - Kaufmann, T. A1 - Hormes, M. A1 - Behr, M. A1 - Schmitz-Rode, T. A1 - Steinseifer, U. T1 - Investigation of Steady Flow Through a Realistic Model of the Thoracic Human Aorta Using 3D Stereo PIV and CFD-Simulation JF - ASAIO Journal Y1 - 2010 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1097/01.mat.0000369377.65122.a3 N1 - American Society of Artificial Organs (ASAIO), Baltimore, USA, May 27-29, 2010 VL - 56 IS - 2 SP - 98 PB - Lippincott Williams & Wilkins CY - Philadelphia ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Behbahani, Mehdi A1 - Nam, J. A1 - Waluga, C. A1 - Behr, M. A1 - Pasquali, M. A1 - Mottaghy, K. T1 - Modeling and Numerical Analysis of Platelet Activation, Adhesion and Aggregation in Artificial Organs Y1 - 2010 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1097/01.mat.0000369377.65122.a3 N1 - Posterpresentation American Society of Artificial Organs (ASAIO), Baltimore, USA, May 27-29, 2010 VL - 56 IS - 2 SP - 85 PB - Lippincott Williams & Wilkins CY - Philadelphia ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Ferrein, Alexander A1 - Siebel, Nils T. A1 - Steinbauer, Gerald T1 - Hybrid control for autonomous systems — Integrating learning, deliberation and reactive control JF - Robotics and Autonomous Systems Y1 - 2010 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.robot.2010.06.003 SN - 0921-8890 VL - 58 IS - 9 SP - 1037 EP - 1038 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Niemüller, Tim A1 - Ferrein, Alexander A1 - Lakemeyer, Gerhard T1 - A Lua-based behavior engine for controlling the humanoid robot Nao JF - RoboCup 2009: Robot Soccer World Cup XIII Y1 - 2010 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-11876-0_21 N1 - Part of the book series: Lecture Notes in Computer Science ((LNAI,volume 5949)) N1 - 13th RoboCup International Symposium, Graz, Austria, June/July, 2009 SP - 240 EP - 251 PB - Springer CY - Heidelberg ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Maiwald, Volker A1 - Dachwald, Bernd T1 - Mission design for a multiple-rendezvous mission to Jupiter's trojans N2 - In this paper, we will provide a feasible mission design for a multiple-rendezvous mission to Jupiter's Trojans. It is based on solar electric propulsion, as being currently used on the DAWN spacecraft, and other flight-proven technology. First, we have selected a set of mission objectives, the prime objective being the detection of water -especially subsurface water -to provide evidence for the Trojans' formation at large solar distances. Based on DAWN and other comparable missions, we have determined suitable payload instruments to achieve these objectives. Afterwards, we have designed a spacecraft that is able to carry the selected payload to the Trojan region and rendezvous successively with three target bodies within a maximum mission duration of 15 years. Accurate low-thrust trajectories have been obtained with a global low-thrust trajectory optimization program (InTrance). During the transfer from Earth to the first target, the spacecraft is propelled by two RIT-22 ion engines from EADS Astrium, whereas a single RIT-15 is used for transfers within the Trojan region to reduce the required power. For power generation, the spacecraft uses a multi-junction solar array that is supported by concentrators. To achieve moderate mission costs, we have restricted the launch mass to a maximum of 1600 kg, the maximum interplanetary injection capability of a Soyuz/Fregat launcher. Our final layout has a mass of 1400 kg, yielding a margin of about 14%. Nestor (a member of the L4-population) was determined as the first mission target. It can be reached within 4.6 years from launch. The fuel mass ratio for this transfer is about 35%. The stay time at Nestor is 1.2 years. Eurymedon was selected as the second target (transfer time 3.5 years, stay time 3.0 years) and Irus as the third target (transfer time 2.2 years). The transfers within the Trojan L4-population can be accomplished with fuel mass ratios of about 3% for each trajectory leg. Including the stay times in orbit around the targets, the mission can be accomplished within a total duration of about 14.5 years. According to our mission analysis, it is also feasible to fly to the L5-population with similar flight times. It has to be noted that -for a first analysis -we have taken only the named targets into account. Allowing also rendezvous with unnamed objects will very likely decrease the mission duration. Based on a scaling of DAWN's mission costs (due to comparable scientific instruments and mission objectives), and taking into account the longer mission duration and the potential re-use of already developed technology, we have estimated that these three rendezvous can be accomplished with a budget of about 250 Million Euros, i.e. about 25% of ROSETTA's budget. Y1 - 2010 N1 - 38th COSPAR Scientific Assembly. Held 18-15 July 2010,Bremen, Germany SP - 3 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Göttsche, Joachim A1 - Hoffschmidt, Bernhard A1 - Schmitz, Stefan A1 - Sauerborn, Markus T1 - Solar Concentrating Systems Using Small Mirror Arrays JF - Journal of solar energy engineering N2 - The cost of solar tower power plants is dominated by the heliostat field making up roughly 50% of investment costs. Classical heliostat design is dominated by mirrors brought into position by steel structures and drives that guarantee high accuracies under wind loads and thermal stress situations. A large fraction of costs is caused by the stiffness requirements of the steel structure, typically resulting in ~ 20 kg/m² steel per mirror area. The typical cost figure of heliostats (figure mentioned by Solucar at Solar Paces Conference, Seville, 2006) is currently in the area of 150 €/m² caused by the increasing price of the necessary raw materials. An interesting option to reduce costs lies in a heliostat design where all moving parts are protected from wind loads. In this way, drives and mechanical layout may be kept less robust, thereby reducing material input and costs. In order to keep the heliostat at an appropriate size, small mirrors (around 10x10 cm²) have to be used, which are placed in a box with a transparent cover. Innovative drive systems are developed in order to obtain a cost-effective design. A 0,5x0,5 m² demonstration unit will be constructed. Tests of the unit are carried out with a high-precision artificial sun unit that imitates the sun’s path with an accuracy of less than 0.5 mrad and creates a beam of parallel light with a divergence of less than 4 mrad. Y1 - 2010 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4000332 SN - 0199-6231 SN - 1528-8986 (eISSN) VL - 132 IS - 1 PB - ASME CY - New York ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Behbahani, Mehdi A1 - Probst, M. A1 - Mai, A. A1 - Tran, L. A1 - Vonderstein, K. A1 - Keschenau, P. A1 - Linde, T. A1 - Steinseifer, U. A1 - Behr, M. A1 - Mottaghy, K. T1 - The influence of high shear on thrombosis and hemolysis in artificial organs JF - The International Journal of Artificial Organs Y1 - 2010 SN - 0391-3988 VL - 33 IS - 7 SP - 426 EP - 426 PB - Sage CY - Thousand Oaks ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Börner, Sebastian A1 - Funke, Harald A1 - Hendrick, P. A1 - Recker, E. T1 - Control system modifications for a hydrogen fuelled gas-turbine JF - Proceedings of ISROMAC 13 Y1 - 2010 SN - 978-1-617-38848-4 N1 - 13th International Symposium on Transport Phenomena and Dynamics of Rotating Machinery 2010 (ISROMAC-13), Honolulu, Hawaii, USA, April 4-7, 2010 SP - 665 EP - 670 PB - Curran CY - Red Hook, NY ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Geimer, Konstantin A1 - Sauerborn, Markus A1 - Hoffschmidt, Bernhard A1 - Schmitz, Mark A1 - Göttsche, Joachim T1 - Test facility for absorber specimens of solar tower power plants JF - Advances in Science and Technology N2 - The Solar-Institute Jülich (SIJ) has initiated the construction of the first and only German solar tower power plant and is now involved in the accompanying research. The power plant for experimental and demonstration purposes in the town of Jülich started supplying electric energy in the beginning of 2008. The central receiver plant features as central innovation an open volumetric receiver, consisting of porous ceramic elements that simultaneously absorb the concentrated sunlight and transfer the heat to ambient air passing through the pores so that an average temperature of 680°C is reached. The subsequent steam cycle generates up to 1.5 MWe. A main field of research at the SIJ is the optimization of the absorber structures. To analyze the capability of new absorber specimens a special test facility was developed and set up in the laboratory. A high-performance near-infrared radiator offers for single test samples a variable and repeatable beam with a power of up to 320 kW/m² peak. The temperatures achieved on the absorber surface can reach more than 1000°C. To suck ambient air through the open absorber - like on the tower - it is mounted on a special blower system. An overview about the test facility and some recent results will be presented. Y1 - 2010 U6 - https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/AST.74.266 N1 - 5th Forum on New Materials : CIMTEC 2010, Montecatini Terme, Italy 13-18 June 2010. Part C VL - 74 SP - 266 EP - 271 PB - Trans Tech Publications CY - Baech ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Miyamoto, Ko-ichiro A1 - Kaneko, Kazumi A1 - Matsuo, Akira A1 - Wagner, Torsten A1 - Kanoh, Shin`ichiro A1 - Schöning, Michael Josef A1 - Yoshinobu, Tatsuo T1 - Miniaturized chemical imaging sensor system using an OLED display panel JF - Procedia Engineering N2 - The chemical imaging sensor is a semiconductor-based chemical sensor that can visualize the two-dimensional distribution of specific ions or molecules in the solution. In this study, we developed a miniaturized chemical imaging sensor system with an OLED display panel as a light source that scans the sensor plate. In the proposed configuration, the display panel is placed directly below the sensor plate and illuminates the back surface. The measured area defined by illumination can be arbitrarily customized to fit the size and the shape of the sample to be measured. The waveform of the generated photocurrent, the currentvoltage characteristics and the pH sensitivity were investigated and pH imaging with this miniaturized system was demonstrated. Y1 - 2010 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2010.09.160 SN - 1877-7058 N1 - Eurosensor XXIV Conference, 5-8 September 2010, Linz, Austria VL - 5 SP - 516 EP - 519 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Srivastava, Alok A1 - Singh, Virendra A1 - Aggarwal, Pranav A1 - Schneeweiss, F. A1 - Scherer, Ulrich W. A1 - Friedrich, W. T1 - Optical studies of insulating polymers for radiation dose monitoring JF - Indian Journal of Pure and Applied Physics N2 - The optical study carried out on insulating polymers namely polyethyleneterephthalate (PET) and polyvinylchloride (PVC) has been described. The polymers are exposed to different radiation doses by exposing them to swift heavy ions of carbon (90 MeV), silicon (120 MeV) and nickel (100 MeV) which influence on their optical properties. The studies show that amongst the investigated polymers, PVC and PET have potential for application as dosimeter beyond a threshold dose which is strongly dependent on the nature of the material and the radiation type. The optical micrographs show a distinct change in colour of the sample with increase in radiation dose. Y1 - 2010 SN - 0019-5596 N1 - Special Issue: SI VL - 48 IS - 11 SP - 782 EP - 786 PB - Council Of Scientific And Industrial Research (CSIR), National Institute Of Science Communication and Policy Research (NIScPR) CY - New Delhi ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Gebhardt, Andreas A1 - Schmidt, Frank-Michael A1 - Hötter, Jan-Steffen A1 - Sokalla, Wolfgang A1 - Sokalla, Patrick T1 - Additive manufacturing by selective laser melting the realizer desktop machine and its application for the dental industry JF - Physics Procedia N2 - Additive Manufacturing of metal parts by Selective Laser Melting has become a powerful tool for the direct manufacturing of complex parts mainly for the aerospace and medical industry. With the introduction of its desktop machine, Realizer targeted the dental market. The contribution describes the special features of the machine, discusses details of the process and shows manufacturing results focused on metal dental devices. KW - scan strategy KW - dental bridges KW - cobald chrome KW - Selective Laser Melting (SLM) KW - additive manufacturing Y1 - 2010 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phpro.2010.08.082 SN - 1875-3892 N1 - Laser Assisted Net Shape Engineering 6, Proceedings of the LANE 2010, Part 2 VL - 5 B IS - 2 SP - 543 EP - 549 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kirchner, Patrick A1 - Oberländer, Jan A1 - Friedrich, Peter A1 - Rysstad, Gunnar A1 - Berger, Jörg A1 - Keusgen, Michael A1 - Schöning, Michael Josef T1 - Realization of a calorimetric gas sensor on polyimide foil for applications in aseptic food industry JF - Procedia Engineering N2 - A calorimetric gas sensor is presented for the monitoring of gas-phase H2O2 at elevated temperature during sterilization processes in aseptic food industry. The sensor consists of two temperature-sensitive thin-film resistances built up on a polyimide foil with a thickness of 25 μm, which are passivated with a layer of SU-8 photo resist and catalytically activated with manganese(IV) oxide. Instead of an active heating structure, the calorimetric sensor utilizes the elevated temperature of an evaporated H2O2 aerosol. In an experimental set-up, the sensor has shown a sensitivity of 4.78 °C/(%v/v) in a H2O2 concentration range of 0 to 10% v/v at an evaporation temperature of 240 ∘C. Furthermore, the sensor possesses the same, unchanged sensor signal even at varied evaporation temperatures of the gas stream. The sensor characterization demonstrates the suitability of the calorimetric gas sensor for monitoring the efficiency of sterilization processes. Y1 - 2010 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2010.09.098 SN - 1877-7058 N1 - Eurosensor XXIV Conference, 5-8 September 2010, Linz, Austria VL - 5 SP - 264 EP - 267 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Bohrn, Ulrich A1 - Stütz, Evamaria A1 - Fleischer, Maximilian A1 - Schöning, Michael Josef T1 - Real-time detection of CO by eukaryotic cells JF - Procedia Engineering N2 - In this contribution, we focus on the detection of toxic gases with living eukaryotic cells. A cell-based gas sensor system, able to measure the effects of direct exposure of gases to cells in real-time, was set up. Impedance data as well as oxygen consumption of Chinese hamster lung fibroblast cells (V79) were analysed upon exposure to carbon monoxide (CO). The CO (diluted in wet synthetic air) affects the cell respiration as indicated by an attenuated respiration signal after the CO exposure as well as an instant increase of the capacitive part of the impedance signal during the gas exposure. Y1 - 2010 SN - 1877-7058 N1 - Eurosensor XXIV Conference, 5-8 September 2010, Linz, Austria VL - 5 SP - 17 EP - 20 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Spelthahn, Heiko A1 - Schaffrath, Sophie A1 - Coppe, Thomas A1 - Rufi, Frederic A1 - Schöning, Michael Josef T1 - Development of an electrolyte-insulator-semiconductor (EIS) based capacitive heavy metal sensor for the detection of Pb2+ und Cd2+ ions JF - Physica status solidi (a) : applications and material science N2 - Chalcogenide glass materials as membranes for potentiometric sensors for chemical analysis in solutions have been studied since more than 20 years. In this work, an electrolyte–insulator–semiconductor structure was combined with chalcogenide glass membranes prepared by means of the pulsed laser deposition technique. Depending on the membrane composition a selectivity to different ions (Cd2+ and Pb2+) is achieved. The different sensor membranes have been physically characterised using microscopy, ellipsometry, profilometry, atomic force microscopy (AFM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Rutherford backscattering spectrometry (RBS). The electrochemical behaviour has been investigated via capacitance/voltage (C/V) and constant capacitance (ConCap) measurements and results in a Cd2+ sensitivity of 23.1 ± 0.6 mV per decade in a linear range from 7 × 10−6 to 10−2 mol/l and 24.4 ± 0.5 mV per decade in a linear range from 5 × 10−6 to 10−2 mol/l for Pb2+, respectively. Y1 - 2010 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/pssa.200983306 SN - 1862-6300 N1 - Special Issue: Engineering of Functional Interfaces EnFI 2009 VL - 207 IS - 4 SP - 930 EP - 934 PB - Wiley-VCH CY - Weinheim ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Gerhards, Michael A1 - Belloum, Adam A1 - Berretz, Frank A1 - Sander, Volker A1 - Skorupa, Sascha T1 - A history-tracing XML-based provenance framework for workflows JF - The 5th Workshop on Workflows in Support of Large-Scale Science N2 - The importance of validating and reproducing the outcome of computational processes is fundamental to many application domains. Assuring the provenance of workflows will likely become even more important with respect to the incorporation of human tasks to standard workflows by emerging standards such as WS-HumanTask. This paper addresses this trend by an actor-based workflow approach that actively support provenance. It proposes a framework to track and store provenance information automatically that applies for various workflow management systems. In particular, the introduced provenance framework supports the documentation of workflows in a legally binding way. The authors therefore use the concept of layered XML documents, i.e. history-tracing XML. Furthermore, the proposed provenance framework enables the executors (actors) of a particular workflow task to attest their operations and the associated results by integrating digital XML signatures. KW - workflow KW - provenance KW - framework KW - containers KW - humans KW - synchronization KW - libraries KW - history KW - concrete KW - XML Y1 - 2010 SN - 978-1-4244-8989-3 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/WORKS.2010.5671873 N1 - The 5th Workshop on Workflows in Support of Large-Scale Science, 14 Nov. 2010, New Orleans, USA PB - IEEE CY - New York ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kern, Alexander A1 - Frentzel, Ralf A1 - Behrens, Jörg T1 - Simulation of the transient voltages in the auxiliary power network of a large power plant in case of a direct lightning strike to the high-voltage overhead transmission line N2 - Large power plants can be endangered by lightning strikes with possible consequences regarding their safety and availability. A special scenario is a lightning strike to the HV overhead transmission line close to the power plant's connection to the power grid. If then additionally a so-called shielding failure of the overhead ground wire on top of the overhead transmission line is assumed, i.e. the lightning strikes directly into a phase conductor, this is an extreme electromagnetic disturbance. The paper deals with the numerical simulation of such a lightning strike and the consequences on the components of the power plant's auxiliary power network connected to different voltage levels. KW - power generation KW - surges KW - conductors KW - arresters KW - power transmission lines KW - lightning Y1 - 2010 SN - 978-88-905519-0-1 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/ICLP.2010.7845756 N1 - 2010 30th International Conference on Lightning Protection (ICLP), 13-17 Sept. 2010, Cagliari, Italy SP - 749-1 EP - 749-7 PB - IEEE CY - New York ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Bouquegneau, Christian A1 - Kern, Alexander A1 - Rousseau, Alain T1 - Lightning safety guidelines N2 - This paper introduces lightning to the layman, noting the right behaviour in front of thunderstorms as well as protective measures against lightning. It also contributes to the prevention of lightning injuries and damages. This report was prepared by the authors inside the AHG1 Group for IEC TC81 (Lightning Protection). Y1 - 2010 N1 - Ground´2010 & 4th LPE, International Conference on Grounding and Earthing & 4th International Conference on Lightning Physics and Effects, Salvador - Brazil, November, 2010 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kern, Alexander A1 - Klöters, Georg A1 - Pferdemenges, Jörg T1 - Optimised protection against lightning for the signalling and safety systems of level crossings on non-electrified railway lines JF - RTR : European Rail Technology Review Y1 - 2010 SN - 0079-9548 VL - 50 IS - 2 PB - DVV Media Group CY - Hamburg ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kern, Alexander A1 - Schelthoff, Christof A1 - Mathieu, Moritz T1 - Probability of lightning strikes to air-terminations of structures using the electro-geometrical model theory and the statistics of lightning current parameters N2 - Planning the air-terminations for a structure to be protected the use of the rolling-sphere method (electro-geometrical model) is the best way from the physics of lightning point-of-view. Therefore, international standards prefer this method. However, using the rolling-sphere method only results in possible point-of-strikes on a structure without giving information about the probability of strikes at the individual points compared to others. KW - atmospheric modeling KW - probability distribution KW - lightning protection KW - standards KW - planning Y1 - 2010 SN - 978-88-905519-0-1 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/ICLP.2010.7845757 N1 - 2010 30th International Conference on Lightning Protection (ICLP), 13-17 Sept. 2010, Cagliari, Italy SP - 750-1 EP - 750-8 PB - IEEE CY - New York ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Naujokat, Anke T1 - Ut rhetorica architectura – Leon Battista Alberti´s Technique of Architectural Collage / Leon Battista Albertis architektonische Collagetechnik JF - Candide : journal for architectural knowledge N2 - Leon Battista Alberti, probably the most innovative architect of early Renaissance Italy, has always fascinated scholars by virtue of the striking interpenetration of theory and practice manifest in his work. As an architect, Alberti was an autodidact. Without the benefit of the formative influence of a master or design education, the roots of his conception of architecture lie in his intellectual formation through humanistic rhetoric. The present study demonstrates with reference to a specific project — the Tempietto of the Holy Sepulchre in Florence — how Alberti’s humanist approach conditioned his method of architectural design. Y1 - 2010 SN - 1869-6465 VL - 2 SP - 73 EP - 100 PB - RWTH Aachen CY - Aachen ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wagner, Torsten A1 - Miyamoto, Ko-ichiro A1 - Schöning, Michael Josef A1 - Yoshinobu, Tatsuo T1 - Novel combination of digital light processing (DLP) and light-addressable potentiometric sensors (LAPS) for flexible chemical imaging JF - Procedia Engineering N2 - Chemical imaging systems allow the visualisation of the distribution of chemical species on the sensor surface. This work represents a new flexible approach of read out in a light-addressable potentiometric sensor (LAPS) with the help of a digital light processing (DLP) set-up. The DLP, known well for video projectors, consists of a mirror-array MEMS device which allows fast and flexible generation of light patterns. With the help of these light patterns the sensor surface of the LAPS device can be read out sequentially in a raster like scheme (scanning LAPS). The DLP approach has several advantages compared to conventional scanning LAPS set-ups, e.g., the spot size, the shape and the intensity of the light pointer can be changed easily and no mechanical movement is necessary, which reduces the size of the set-up and increases the stability and speed of measurement. Y1 - 2010 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2010.09.161 SN - 1877-7058 N1 - Eurosensor XXIV Conference, 5-8 September 2010, Linz, Austria VL - 5 SP - 520 EP - 523 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Abouzar, Maryam H. A1 - Pedraza, A. M. A1 - Schöning, Michael Josef A1 - Poghossian, Arshak T1 - Label-free DNA hybridization and denaturation detection by means of field-effect nanoplate SOI capacitors functionalized with gold nanoparticles JF - Procedia Engineering N2 - A new approach for a label-free electrical detection of DNA hybridization and denaturation using an array of individually addressable field-effect nanoplate SOI (silicon-on-insulator) capacitors functionalized with gold nanoparticles is presented. By using a constant-capacitance measuring setup in a differential mode, signal changes of ∼110 mV and ∼70 mV have been registered after the DNA hybridization and denaturation events, respectively. Y1 - 2010 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2010.09.259 SN - 1877-7058 N1 - Eurosensor XXIV Conference, 5-8 September 2010, Linz, Austria VL - 5 SP - 918 EP - 921 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Berretz, Frank A1 - Skorupa, Sascha A1 - Sander, Volker A1 - Belloum, Adam T1 - Towards an actor-driven workflow management system for grids JF - Proceedings of 2010 International Symposium on Collaborative Technologies and Systems N2 - Currently, most workflow management systems in Grid environments provide push-oriented job distribution strategies, where jobs are explicitly delegated to resources. In those scenarios the dedicated resources execute submitted jobs according to the request of a workflow engine or Grid wide scheduler. This approach has various limitations, particularly if human interactions should be integrated in workflow execution. To support human interactions with the benefit of enabling inter organizational computation and community approaches, this poster paper proposes the idea of a pull-based task distribution strategy. Here, heterogeneous resources, including human interaction, should actively select tasks for execution from a central repository. This leads to special demands regarding security issues like access control. In the established push-based job execution the resources are responsible for granting access to workflows and job initiators. In general this is done by access control lists, where users are explicitly mapped to local accounts according to their policies. In the pull-based approach the resources actively apply for job executions by sending requests to a central task repository. This means that every resource has to be able to authenticate against the repository to be authorized for task execution. In other words the authorization is relocated from the resources to the repository. The poster paper introduces current work regarding to the mentioned security aspects in the pull-based approach within the scope of the project “HiX4AGWS”. KW - scheduling KW - engines KW - resource management KW - grid computing KW - access control KW - distribution strategy KW - authorization KW - security KW - humans KW - workflow management software Y1 - 2010 SN - 978-1-4244-6619-1 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/CTS.2010.5478458 N1 - 2010 International Symposium on Collaborative Technologies and Systems, 17-21 May 2010, Chicago, IL, USA SP - 611 EP - 616 PB - IEEE CY - Piscataway, NJ ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Blome, Hans-Joachim A1 - Chicone, Carmen A1 - Hehl, Friedrich W. A1 - Mashhoon, Bahram T1 - Nonlocal modification of Newtonian gravity JF - Physical Review D N2 - The Newtonian regime of a recent nonlocal extension of general relativity is investigated. Nonlocality is introduced via a scalar “constitutive” kernel in a special case of the translational gauge theory of gravitation, namely, the teleparallel equivalent of general relativity. In this theory, the nonlocal aspect of gravity simulates dark matter. A nonlocal and nonlinear generalization of Poisson’s equation of Newtonian gravitation is presented. The implications of nonlocality for the gravitational physics in the solar system are briefly studied. Y1 - 2010 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.81.065020 SN - 0556-2821 VL - 81 IS - 6 EP - 065020 PB - American Physical Society CY - Melville, NY ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schmitt, Robert A1 - Scholl, Ingrid A1 - Cai, Yu A1 - Xia, Ji A1 - Dziwoki, Paul A1 - Harding, Martin A1 - Pavim, Alberto T1 - Machine vision system for inline inspection in carbide insert production JF - Proceedings of the 36th International MATADOR Conference N2 - In steps of the production chain of carbide inserts, such as unloading or packaging, the conformity test of the insert type is done manually, which causes a statistic increase of errors due to monotony and fatigue of the worker and the wide variety of the insert types. A machine vision system is introduced that captures digital frames of the inserts in the production line, analyses inspects automatically and measures four quality features: coating colour, edge radius, plate shape and chip-former geometry. This new method has been tested on several inserts of different types and has shown that the prevalent insert types can be inspected and robustly classified in real production environment and therefore improves the manufacturing automation. Y1 - 2010 SN - 978-1-84996-431-9 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-84996-432-6_77 N1 - 36th MATADOR Conference, University of Manchester, July 2010 SP - 339 EP - 342 PB - Springer CY - Berlin ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wagner, Torsten A1 - Werner, Frederik A1 - Miyamoto, Ko-ichiro A1 - Ackermann, Hans-Josef A1 - Yoshinobu, Tatsuo A1 - Schöning, Michael Josef T1 - FPGA-based LAPS device for the flexible design of sensing sites on functional interfaces JF - Physica Status Solidi (A) N2 - The development of new interfaces for (bio-)chemical sensors requires comprehensive analyses and testing. The light-addressable potentiometric sensor (LAPS) can be used as a platform to investigate the sensitivity of a newly developed interface towards (bio-)chemical agents. LAPS measurements are spatially resolved by utilisation of focused light beams to define individual measurement spots. In this work, a new digitally modulated LAPS set-up based on an FPGA design will be introduced to increase the number of measurement spots, to shorten the measurement time and to improve the measurement accuracy. Y1 - 2010 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/pssa.200983320 SN - 1862-6300 N1 - Special Issue: Engineering of Functional Interfaces EnFI 2009 VL - 207 IS - 4 SP - 844 EP - 849 PB - Wiley-VCH CY - Weinheim ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Fredebeul-Krein, Markus A1 - Knoben, Werner T1 - Long term risk sharing contracts as an approach to establish public–private partnerships for investment into next generation access networks JF - Telecommunications Policy N2 - This paper develops an investment/pricing model for the deployment of basic broadband networks which, along with other applications, is applicable to public–private partnership projects. In particular, a new investment model is suggested to be used for finance deployment over a longer term by enabling both private and public investors to participate in the roll-out of next generation access (NGA) infrastructure. This so-called “long-term risk sharing concept” has several notable benefits compared with the traditional regulatory approach. Above all, the model enables both private operators and public authorities to share the risk of investing in NGA infrastructure. Thus the model offers a way for public authorities to achieve a timely and countrywide roll-out of NGA networks, including in areas where NGA investment would otherwise not occur. Y1 - 2010 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.telpol.2010.07.011 SN - 0308-5961 N1 - Part of special issue "Public–private interplay in next generation communications" VL - 34 IS - 9 SP - 528 EP - 539 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hirschfeld, Julian A. A1 - Lustfeld, Hans A1 - Reißel, Martin A1 - Steffen, Bernhard T1 - A novel scheme for precise diagnostics and effective stabilization of currents in a fuel cell stack JF - International Journal of Energy Research N2 - A novel scheme for detecting inhomogeneous internal currents in a fuel cell stack is presented. In this paper the scheme is investigated for the case that the flow field plates consist of graphite. Then plates of high conductivity, e.g. aluminium between the flow field plates together with small slits in these plates have three effects: (a) Whenever a local inhomogeneity of the electric current occurs at a particular cell in the stack, this will induce a surface current close to that cell perpendicular to the averaged current. This current can be detected. (b) The plates of high conductivity completely prevent the inhomogeneities from spreading to neighbouring cells. (c) Even at the particular cell the inhomogeneity is suppressed as far as possible. Thus this scheme leads to much better diagnostic possibilities and at the same time reduces electric instabilities to an extent, where they probably become harmless. This scheme will first be explained for a simple model to clarify the idea. However, very precise three dimensional computations using realistic parameters are presented, corroborating the results of the simple model. Y1 - 2010 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/er.1662 SN - 0363-907X VL - 34 IS - 3 SP - 293 EP - 301 PB - Wiley CY - London ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Scholz, A. A1 - Ley, Wilfried A1 - Dachwald, Bernd A1 - Miau, J. J. A1 - Juang, J. C. T1 - Flight results of the COMPASS-1 picosatellite mission JF - Acta Astronautica N2 - The mission of the COMPASS-1 picosatellite is to take pictures of the earth, to validate a space-borne GPS receiver developed by the German Aerospace Center, and to verify the proper operation of the magnetic attitude control system in orbit. The spacecraft was launched on April 28, 2008 from the Indian space port Sriharikota, as part of the PSLV-C9 world record launch that simultaneously brought ten satellites into orbit. The mission operations were carried out from the ground stations in Aachen and Tainan. Arising difficulties in the communication link were overcome with the support of individuals from the amateur radio community. After several months of mission operation, abundant housekeeping and mission data has been commanded, received and analyzed and is presented in this paper. Y1 - 2010 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actaastro.2010.06.040 SN - 0094-5765 VL - 76 IS - 9-10 SP - 1289 EP - 1298 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hirschfeld, Julian A. A1 - Lustfeld, Hans A1 - Reißel, Martin A1 - Steffen, Bernhard T1 - Tomographic diagnostics of current distributions in a fuel cell stack JF - International Journal of Energy Research N2 - A novel tomographic scheme for analysing the state of any single membrane electrode assembly (MEA) in a stack is suggested. Plates of very high conductivity placed between every fuel cell and slitted in an appropriate manner cause surface currents at well-defined locations of the stack. We show that knowing these surface currents, information about anomalies of the currents in a MEA can be obtained using the methods of tomography. The results are mathematically not unique. However, when assuming plausible defect structures, one can exclude improbable deficiencies by applying a special form of simulated annealing. We present numerical calculations of typical examples demonstrating that the essential defects of the MEA in any single cell of the stack can be detected and their extent can be determined. Y1 - 2010 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/er.1634 SN - 0363-907X VL - 34 IS - 3 SP - 284 EP - 292 PB - Wiley CY - London ER -