TY  - JOUR
A1  - Adels, Klaudia
A1  - Monakhova, Yulia
T1  - Low-field NMR spectroscopic study of e-cigarettes: Is determination of only nicotine and organic carrier solvents possible?
JF  - Microchemical Journal
N2  - Electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) have become popular worldwide with the market growing exponentially in some countries. The absence of product standards and safety regulations requires urgent development of analytical methodologies for the holistic control of the growing diversity of such products. An approach based on low-field nuclear magnetic resonance (LF-NMR) at 80 MHz is presented for the simultaneous determination of key parameters: carrier solvents (vegetable glycerine (VG), propylene glycol (PG) and water), total nicotine as well as free-base nicotine fraction. Moreover, qualitative and quantitative determination of fourteen weak organic acids deliberately added to enhance sensory characteristics of e-cigarettes was possible. In most cases these parameters can be rapidly and conveniently determined without using any sample manipulation such as dilution, extraction or derivatization steps. The method was applied for 37 authentic e-cigarettes samples. In particular, eight different organic acids with the content up to 56 mg/mL were detected. Due to its simplicity, the method can be used in routine regulatory control as well as to study release behaviour of nicotine and other e-cigarettes constituents in different products.
KW  - Electronic cigarettes
KW  - Low field NMR
KW  - Carrier solvents
KW  - Free-base nicotine
KW  - Weak organic acids
Y1  - 2024
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.microc.2024.110859
SN  - 1095-9149
N1  - Corresponding author: Yulia Monakhova
VL  - 203
PB  - Elsevier
CY  - Amsterdam
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Gasparyan, Ferdinand V.
A1  - Poghossian, Arshak
A1  - Vitusevich, Svetlana A.
A1  - Petrychuk, Mykhaylo V.
A1  - Sydoruk, Viktor A.
A1  - Siqueira, José R. Jr.
A1  - Oliveira, Osvaldo N. Jr.
A1  - Offenhäusser, Andreas
A1  - Schöning, Michael Josef
T1  - Low-Frequency Noise in Field-Effect Devices Functionalized With Dendrimer/Carbon-Nanotube Multilayers
JF  - IEEE Sensors Journal. 11 (2011), H. 1
Y1  - 2011
SN  - 1530-437X
SP  - 142
EP  - 149
PB  - IEEE
CY  - New York
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Akimbekov, Nuraly S.
A1  - Digel, Ilya
A1  - Tastambek, Kuanysh T.
A1  - Sherelkhan, Dinara K.
A1  - Jussupova, Dariya B.
A1  - Altynbay, Nazym P.
T1  - Low-rank coal as a source of humic substances for soil amendment and fertility management
JF  - Agriculture
N2  - Humic substances (HS), as important environmental components, are essential to soil health and agricultural sustainability. The usage of low-rank coal (LRC) for energy generation has declined considerably due to the growing popularity of renewable energy sources and gas. However, their potential as soil amendment aimed to maintain soil quality and productivity deserves more recognition. LRC, a highly heterogeneous material in nature, contains large quantities of HS and may effectively help to restore the physicochemical, biological, and ecological functionality of soil. Multiple emerging studies support the view that LRC and its derivatives can positively impact the soil microclimate, nutrient status, and organic matter turnover. Moreover, the phytotoxic effects of some pollutants can be reduced by subsequent LRC application. Broad geographical availability, relatively low cost, and good technical applicability of LRC offer the advantage of easy fulfilling soil amendment and conditioner requirements worldwide. This review analyzes and emphasizes the potential of LRC and its numerous forms/combinations for soil amelioration and crop production. A great benefit would be a systematic investment strategy implicating safe utilization and long-term application of LRC for sustainable agricultural production.
KW  - soil remediation
KW  - crop yield
KW  - soil health
KW  - soil amendment
KW  - low-rank coal
Y1  - 2021
U6  - https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture11121261
SN  - 2077-0472
N1  - This article belongs to the Special Issue "From Waste to Fertilizer in Sustainable Agriculture"
VL  - 11
IS  - 12
PB  - MDPI
CY  - Basel
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Förster, Arnold
A1  - Mikulics, M.
A1  - Marso, M.
A1  - Adam, R.
T1  - Low-temperature-grown MBE GaAs for terahertz photomixers. Mikulics, M.; Marso, M.; Adam, R.; Fox, A.; Buca, D.; Förster, A.; Kordos, P.; Xu, Y.; Sobolewski, R.
JF  - 2001 Symposium on Electron Devices for Microwave and Optoelectronic Applications ; [Vienna University of Technology, Institute of Electrical Measurements and Circuit Design, 15 - 16 November 2001, Vienna, Austria ; proceedings] / EDMO 2001. Organised by: Institute of Electrical Measurements and Circuit Design, Vienna University of Technology, Austria. With technical co-sponsorship from IEEE Electron Devices Society
Y1  - 2001
SN  - 078037049X
N1  - IEEE catalog number: 01TH8567
SP  - 155
EP  - 155
PB  - IEEE Operations Center
CY  - Piscataway, NJ
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Dachwald, Bernd
A1  - Carnelli, I.
A1  - Vasile, M.
T1  - Low-Thrust Gravity Assist Trajectory Optimization Using Evolutionary Neurocontrollers / I. Carnelli ; B. Dachwald ; M. Vasile ...
JF  - Astrodynamics 2005 : proceedings of the AAS/AIAA astrodynamics conference held August 7 - 11, 2005, South Lake Tahoe, California / ed. by Bobby G. Williams. - Pt. 3. - (Advances in the astronautical sciences ; 123,3)
Y1  - 2006
SN  - 0-87703-527-X
N1  - Astrodynamics Conference <2005, South Lake Tahoe, Calif.> ; American Astronautical Society ; Number: AAS-05-374
SP  - 1911
EP  - 1928
PB  - Univelt
CY  - San Diego, Calif.
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Dachwald, Bernd
T1  - Low-Thrust Trajectory Optimization and Interplanetary Mission Analysis Using Evolutionary Neurocontrol
JF  - Deutscher Luft- und Raumfahrtkongress 2004 : Dresden, 20. bis 23. September 2004, Motto: Luft- und Raumfahrt - Brücke für eine wissensbasierte Gesellschaft / Deutsche Gesellschaft für Luft- und Raumfahrt - Lilienthal-Oberth e.V. (DGLR). [Red.: Peter Brandt (verantwortlich)]. - Bd. 2. - (Jahrbuch ... der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Luft- und Raumfahrt)
Y1  - 2004
N1  - Deutscher Luft- und Raumfahrt-Kongress <2004, Dresden> ; Deutsche Gesellschaft für Luft- und Raumfahrt - Lilienthal-Oberth ; DGLR-2004-116
SP  - 917
EP  - 926
CY  - Bonn
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Hellwig, Angelika
A1  - Volkmann, Lutz
T1  - Lower bounds on the vertex-connectivity of digraphs and graphs
JF  - Information processing letters
Y1  - 2006
SN  - 1872-6119 (E-Journal); 0020-0190 (Print)
VL  - Vol. 99
IS  - Iss. 2
SP  - 41
EP  - 46
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Karamanidis, Kiros
A1  - Albracht, Kirsten
A1  - Braunstein, Bjoern
A1  - Catala, Maria Moreno
A1  - Goldmann, Jan-Peter
A1  - Brüggemann, Gert-Peter
T1  - Lower leg musculoskeletal geometry and sprint performance
JF  - Gait and Posture
N2  - The purpose of this study was to investigate whether sprint performance is related to lower leg musculoskeletal geometry within a homogeneous group of highly trained 100-m sprinters. Using a cluster analysis, eighteen male sprinters were divided into two groups based on their personal best (fast: N = 11, 10.30 ± 0.07 s; slow: N = 7, 10.70 ± 0.08 s). Calf muscular fascicle arrangement and Achilles tendon moment arms (calculated by the gradient of tendon excursion versus ankle joint angle) were analyzed for each athlete using ultrasonography. Achilles tendon moment arm, foot and ankle skeletal geometry, fascicle arrangement as well as the ratio of fascicle length to Achilles tendon moment arm showed no significant (p > 0.05) correlation with sprint performance, nor were there any differences in the analyzed musculoskeletal parameters between the fast and slow sprinter group. Our findings provide evidence that differences in sprint ability in world-class athletes are not a result of differences in the geometrical design of the lower leg even when considering both skeletal and muscular components.
Y1  - 2011
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gaitpost.2011.03.009
SN  - 0966-6362
VL  - 34
IS  - 1
SP  - 138
EP  - 141
PB  - Elsevier
CY  - Amsterdam
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Sommer, Angela M.
A1  - Bitz, Andreas
A1  - Streckert, Joachim
A1  - Hansen, Volkert W.
A1  - Lerchl, Alexander
T1  - Lymphoma development in mice chronically exposed to UMTS-modulated radiofrequency electromagnetic fields
JF  - Radiation Research
Y1  - 2007
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1667/RR0857.1
SN  - 1938-5404
VL  - 168
IS  - 1
SP  - 72
EP  - 80
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Heuermann, Holger
T1  - LZY: A Self-Calibration Approach in Competition to the LRM Method for On-Wafer Measurements
Y1  - 1995
N1  - 45th ARFTG Conference digest, Spring 1995 : [conference topic: Testing and design of RFIC'S], May 19, 1995, Orange County Convention Center, Orlando, Florida / Automatic RF Techniques Group. Publications chairman: Ed Godshalk;  ARFTG Conference digest ; 4
SP  - 129
EP  - 136
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Schmitt, Robert
A1  - Scholl, Ingrid
A1  - Cai, Yu
A1  - Xia, Ji
A1  - Dziwoki, Paul
A1  - Harding, Martin
A1  - Pavim, Alberto
T1  - Machine vision system for inline inspection in carbide insert production
JF  - Proceedings of the 36th International MATADOR Conference
N2  - In steps of the production chain of carbide inserts, such as unloading or packaging, the conformity test of the insert type is done manually, which causes a statistic increase of errors due to monotony and fatigue of the worker and the wide variety of the insert types. A machine vision system is introduced that captures digital frames of the inserts in the production line, analyses inspects automatically and measures four quality features: coating colour, edge radius, plate shape and chip-former geometry. This new method has been tested on several inserts of different types and has shown that the prevalent insert types can be inspected and robustly classified in real production environment and therefore improves the manufacturing automation.
Y1  - 2010
SN  - 978-1-84996-431-9
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-84996-432-6_77
N1  - 36th MATADOR Conference, University of Manchester, July 2010
SP  - 339
EP  - 342
PB  - Springer
CY  - Berlin
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Eijck, Lambert van
A1  - Demmel, Franz
A1  - Artmann, Gerhard
A1  - Stadtler, Andreas Maximilian
T1  - Macromolecular dynamics in red blood cells investigated using neutron spectroscopy
JF  - Journal of the Royal Society Interface
Y1  - 2011
SN  - 1742-5689
VL  - 8
IS  - 57
SP  - 590
EP  - 600
PB  - The Royal Society
CY  - London
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Rabehi, Amine
A1  - Garlan, Benjamin
A1  - Achtsnicht, Stefan
A1  - Krause, Hans-Joachim
A1  - Offenhäusser, Andreas
A1  - Ngo, Kieu
A1  - Neveu, Sophie
A1  - Graff-Dubois, Stephanie
A1  - Kokabi, Hamid
T1  - Magnetic detection structure for Lab-on-Chip applications based on the frequency mixing technique
JF  - Sensors
N2  - A magnetic frequency mixing technique with a set of miniaturized planar coils was investigated for use with a completely integrated Lab-on-Chip (LoC) pathogen sensing system. The system allows the detection and quantification of superparamagnetic beads. Additionally, in terms of magnetic nanoparticle characterization ability, the system can be used for immunoassays using the beads as markers. Analytical calculations and simulations for both excitation and pick-up coils are presented; the goal was to investigate the miniaturization of simple and cost-effective planar spiral coils. Following these calculations, a Printed Circuit Board (PCB) prototype was designed, manufactured, and tested for limit of detection, linear response, and validation of theoretical concepts. Using the magnetic frequency mixing technique, a limit of detection of 15 µg/mL of 20 nm core-sized nanoparticles was achieved without any shielding.
KW  - Lab-on-Chip
KW  - magnetic sensing
KW  - frequency mixing
KW  - superparamagnetic nanoparticles
KW  - magnetic beads
Y1  - 2018
U6  - https://doi.org/10.3390/s18061747
SN  - 1424-8220
VL  - 18
IS  - 6
PB  - MDPI
CY  - Basel
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Engelmann, Ulrich M.
A1  - Buhl, Eva Miriam
A1  - Draack, Sebastian
A1  - Viereck, Thilo
A1  - Frank, 
A1  - Schmitz-Rode, Thomas
A1  - Slabu, Ioana
T1  - Magnetic relaxation of agglomerated and immobilized iron oxide nanoparticles for hyperthermia and imaging applications
JF  - IEEE Magnetic Letters
N2  - Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) are used as therapeutic and diagnostic agents for local delivery of heat and image contrast enhancement in diseased tissue. Besides magnetization, the most important parameter that determines their performance for these applications is their magnetic relaxation, which can be affected when MNPs immobilize and agglomerate inside tissues. In this letter, we investigate different MNP agglomeration states for their magnetic relaxation properties under excitation in alternating fields and relate this to their heating efficiency and imaging properties. With focus on magnetic fluid hyperthermia, two different trends in MNP heating efficiency are measured: an increase by up to 23% for agglomerated MNP in suspension and a decrease by up to 28% for mixed states of agglomerated and immobilized MNP, which indicates that immobilization is the dominant effect. The same comparatively moderate effects are obtained for the signal amplitude in magnetic particle spectroscopy.
Y1  - 2018
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1109/LMAG.2018.2879034
SN  - 1949-307X
VL  - 9
IS  - Article number 8519617
PB  - IEEE
CY  - New York, NY
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Kämper, Klaus-Peter
A1  - Pappas, D. P.
A1  - Miller, B. P.
A1  - Hopster, H.
T1  - Magnetism of ultrathin films of Fe on Cu(100). Pappas, D. P; Kämper, K.-P.; Miller, B. P.; Hopster, H.; Fowler, D. E.; Luntz, A. C.; Brundle, C.R.; Shen, Z.-X.
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics. 69 (1991), H. 8
Y1  - 1991
SN  - 1089-7550
SP  - 5209
EP  - 521
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Hüning, Felix
A1  - Luken, Heiko
A1  - Schilder, Herbert
A1  - Eifert, Thomas
T1  - Magnetochemistry: Compounds and Concepts / Lueken, Heiko ; Schilder, Herbert ; Eifert, Thomas ; Handrick, Klaus ; Hüning, Felix
JF  - Advances in Solid State Physics. 201 (2001)
Y1  - 2001
SP  - 515
EP  - 532
PB  - -
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Förster, Arnold
A1  - Betko, J.
A1  - Morvic, M.
A1  - Novak, J.
T1  - Magnetoresistance in low-temperature grown molecular-beam epitaxial GaAs. Betko, J.; Morvic, M.; Novak, J.; Förster, A.; Kordos, P.
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics. 86 (1999), H. 11
Y1  - 1999
SN  - 1089-7550
SP  - 6243
EP  - 6248
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Reißel, Martin
A1  - Hirschfeld, Julian A.
A1  - Lustfeld, Hans
A1  - Steffen, Bernhard
T1  - Magnetotomography and Electric Currents in a Fuel Cell / Lustfeld, H. ; Reißel, M. ; Steffen, B.
JF  - Fuel Cells. 9 (2009), H. 4
Y1  - 2009
SN  - 1615-6854
SP  - 474
EP  - 481
PB  - Wiley-VCH
CY  - Weinheim
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Bechstedt, U.
A1  - Haas, H.
A1  - Hacker, U.
A1  - Hardt, Arno
A1  - Henn, K.
A1  - Martin, S.
A1  - Wimmer, J.
T1  - Magnets for the German Spallation Source SNQ
JF  - IEEE transactions on nuclear science. Vol. 32, iss. 5
Y1  - 1985
SN  - 1558-1578 (E-Journal); 0018-9499 (Print)
SP  - 3631
EP  - 3633
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Dachwald, Bernd
A1  - Seboldt, Wolfgang
A1  - Loeb, H. W.
A1  - Schartner, Karl-Heinz
T1  - Main Belt Asteroid Sample Return Mission Using Solar Electric Propulsion
JF  - Acta Astronautica. 63 (2008), H. 1-4
Y1  - 2008
SN  - 0094-5765
N1  - International Astronautical Federation Congress <58, 2007, Hyderabad> ; International Astronautical Congress <58, 2007, Hyderabad> ; IAC-07-A3.5.07
SP  - 91
EP  - 101
ER  -