TY - CHAP A1 - Dielmann, Klaus-Peter T1 - Darstellung des Erneuerbaren Energiegesetzes (EEG) und dessen Auswirkungen N2 - Erneuerbares Energien-Gesetz: Anwendungsbereich, Abnahme- und Vergütungspflicht, Vergütungssätze, Netzkosten, Ausgleichsregelungen Auswirkungen des EEG: Photovoltaik, Windkraft, Biomasse, Wasserkraft, Klär-, Deponie- und Grubengas, Geothermie Zusammenfassung und Ausblick KW - Energierecht KW - Erneuerbares Energiengesetz Y1 - 2002 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Dielmann, Klaus-Peter T1 - Umsetzung Strom-/Gasmarkt nach der Liberalisierung N2 - Neues Energierecht Strom Neues Energierecht Gas Emissionshandel in Europa - ein interessanter Markt? KW - Energierecht KW - Elektrizität KW - Gas KW - Emissionshandel Y1 - 2001 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Dielmann, Klaus-Peter A1 - Schieke, Wolf T1 - Mikrogasturbinen - Aufbau und Anwendungen N2 - Mikrogasturbinen: Funktion, Aufbau, Hersteller, Bauformen, Rekuperatorparameter, Besonderheit der Konstruktion, Regelung, Regelbarkeit, Vergleich mit anderen Systemen, Wirkungs- und Nutzungsgrade, Schadstoffemissionen, Nutzung in Kraft-Wärme-Kopplung, Kraft-Wärme-Kälte-Kopplung KW - Gasturbine KW - Mikrogasturbine KW - Micro turbine Y1 - 2000 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Bornebusch, Michael T1 - Hydraulische und hydrologische Modellsimulation als Planungswerkzeug für Hochwasser-Schutz-Massnahmen N2 - In: Alfha.net / Sektion Bauingenieurwesen: 1. [Erster] Erfahrungsaustausch : Absolventen des Fachbereichs Bauingenieurwesens berichten. 13. Oktober 2006. S. 25-27. Zusammenfassung des Vortrags. KW - Hochwasserschutz KW - Niederschlag-Abfluss-Modelle KW - N-A-Modelle KW - Gewässerausbau Y1 - 2006 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Himmerich, Jörg T1 - Pipeline Integrity Management System - Probabilistische Bewertung von Bauwerken am Beispiel von Hochdruckleitungen N2 - In: Alfha.net / Sektion Bauingenieurwesen: 1. [Erster] Erfahrungsaustausch : Absolventen des Fachbereichs Bauingenieurwesens berichten. 13. Oktober 2006. S. 21-22. Zusammenfassung des Vortrags. KW - Hochdruckleitung KW - PIMS KW - Pipeline Integrity Management System Y1 - 2006 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Fredebeul-Krein, Markus T1 - Developing competitive broadband markets: Lessons learnt from German and European regulatory approaches on broad-band access N2 - A key feature of future broadband markets will be diversity of access technologies, meaning that numerous technologies will be exploited for broadband communication. Various factors will affect the success of these future broadband markets, the regulatory policy being one amongst others. So far, a coherent regulatory approach does not exist as to broadband markets. First results of policies so far suggest that less sector-specific regulation is likely to occur. Instead, regulators must ensure that access to networks and services of potentially dominant providers in a relevant broadband market will satisfy requirements for openness and non-discrimination. In this environment the future challenge of regulationg broadband markets will be to set the right incentives for investment into new infrastructures. This paper examines whether there is a need for the regulation of future broadband access markets an if yes, what is the appropriate regulatory tool to do so. Thereby the focus is on the analysis of European broadband markets and the regulatory approaches applied. The first section provides a description of the characteristics of future broadband markets. The second section discusses possible bottlenecks on broadband markets an their regulatory implications. The third section will examine regulatory issues concerning access to broadband networks in more detail. This will be done by comparing the regulatory approaches of European countries and the results in terms of bradband penetration. The final section will give key recommendations for a regulatory strategy on brandband access markets. KW - Telekommunikationsmarkt KW - Telekommunikationsmarkt Y1 - 2006 N1 - paper presented at 16th Biennial conference of the International Telecommunications Society. Information Communication Technology: Opportunities and Challenges for Telecommunications. June 12-16, 2006 Beijing, China. ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Staat, Manfred A1 - Ballmann, J. T1 - Fundamental aspects of numerical methods for the propagation of multi-dimensional nonlinear waves in solids T2 - Nonlinear hyperbolic equations : theory, computations methods, and applications ; proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Nonlinear Hyperbolic Problems, Aachen N2 - The nonlinear scalar constitutive equations of gases lead to a change in sound speed from point to point as would be found in linear inhomogeneous (and time dependent) media. The nonlinear tensor constitutive equations of solids introduce the additional local effect of solution dependent anisotropy. The speed of a wave passing through a point changes with propagation direction and its rays are inclined to the front. It is an open question whether the widely used operator splitting techniques achieve a dimensional splitting with physically reasonable results for these multi-dimensional problems. May be this is the main reason why the theoretical and numerical investigations of multi-dimensional wave propagation in nonlinear solids are so far behind gas dynamics. We hope to promote the subject a little by a discussion of some fundamental aspects of the solution of the equations of nonlinear elastodynamics. We use methods of characteristics because they only integrate mathematically exact equations which have a direct physical interpretation. KW - Nichtlineare Welle KW - Nichtlineare Gleichung KW - Festkörper KW - Elastodynamik KW - Multi-dimensional wave propagation KW - nonlinear solids KW - nonlinear tensor constitutive equation Y1 - 1989 SP - 574 EP - 588 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Merten, Sabine A1 - Conrad, Thorsten A1 - Kämper, Klaus-Peter A1 - Picard, Antoni A1 - Schütze, Andreas T1 - Virtual Technology Labs - an efficient tool for the preparation of hands-on-MEMS-courses in training foundries N2 - Hands-on-training in high technology areas is usually limited due to the high cost for lab infrastructure and equipment. One specific example is the field of MEMS, where investment and upkeep of clean rooms with microtechnology equipment is either financed by production or R&D projects greatly reducing the availability for education purposes. For efficient hands-on-courses a MEMS training foundry, currently used jointly by six higher education institutions, was established at FH Kaiserslautern. In a typical one week course, students manufacture a micromachined pressure sensor including all lithography, thin film and packaging steps. This compact and yet complete program is only possible because participants learn to use the different complex machines in advance via a Virtual Training Lab (VTL). In this paper we present the concept of the MEMS training foundry and the VTL preparation together with results from a scientific evaluation of the VTL over the last three years. KW - Virtuelles Laboratorium KW - Virtuelles Labor KW - Hand-on-training KW - Virtual Technology Lab KW - MEMS ; education and training foundry Y1 - 2006 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Brüssermann, Klaus T1 - Platform of Excellence in "Energy and Environment" N2 - The Ministry of Science and Research in North Rhine-Westphalia created eight platforms of excellence, one in the research area „Energy and Environment“ in 2002 at ACUAS. This platform concentrates the research and development of 13 professors in Jülich and Aachen and of two scientific institutes with different topics: – NOWUM-Energy with emphasis on efficient and economic energy conversion – The Solar Institute Jülich – SIJ – being the largest research institute in the field of renewables at a University of Applied Sciences in Germany With this platform each possible energy conversion – nuclear, fossil, renewable- can be dealt with to help solving the two most important problems of mankind, energy and potable water. At the CSE are presented the historical development, some research results and the combined master studies in „Energy Systems“ and „Nuclear Applications“ KW - Energietechnik KW - Kernenergie KW - Umwelt KW - Energy KW - environment KW - Energy Systems KW - Nuclear Applications Y1 - 2005 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Brüssermann, Klaus A1 - Deuster, M. T1 - Temperature measurement to optimise the burning process N2 - One of the most important parameters in a burning chamber - in power stations, in waste to energy plants - is the temperature. This temperature is in the range of 700-1500 °C - one of the most advanced measuring methods being the acoustic pyrometry with the possibility of producing temperature mapping in one level of the burning chamber - comparable to computer tomography. The results of these measurements discussed in the presentation can be used - to fulfil the legal requirements in the FRG or in the EU - to equalise the temperature in one level of the burning chamber to optimise the steam production (better efficiency of the plant) and to minimise the production of temperature controlled flue gas components (NO, CO a. o.) - to control the SNCR-process if used. KW - Pyrometrie KW - Temperaturmessung KW - temperature measurement KW - acoustic pyrometry KW - steam production KW - flue gas components Y1 - 2005 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Gebhardt, Andreas T1 - Technology Diffusion through a Multi-Level Technology Transfer Infrastructure. Contribution to the 1st. All Africa Technology Diffusion Conference Boksburg, South Africa June 12th - 14th 2006 N2 - Table of contents 1. Introduction 2. Multi-level Technology Transfer Infrastructure 2.1 Level 1: University Education – Encourage the Idea of becoming an Entrepreneur 2.2 Level 2: Post Graduate Education – Improve your skills and focus it on a product family. 2.3 Level 3: Birth of a Company – Focus your skills on a product and a market segment. 2.4 Level 4: Ready to stand alone – Set up your own business 2.5 Level 5: Grow to be Strong – Develop your business 2.6 Level 6: Competitive and independent – Stay innovative. 3. Samples 3.1 Sample 1: Laser Processing and Consulting Centre, LBBZ 3.2 Sample 2: Prototyping Centre, CP 4. Funding - Waste money or even lost Money? 5. Conclusion KW - Technologietransfer KW - technology transfer KW - technology diffusion Y1 - 2006 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Tran, Thanh Ngoc A1 - Staat, Manfred A1 - Kreißig, R. T1 - Calculation of load carrying capacity of shell structures with elasto-plastic material by direct methods N2 - Proceedings of the International Conference on Material Theory and Nonlinear Dynamics. MatDyn. Hanoi, Vietnam, Sept. 24-26, 2007, 8 p. In this paper, a method is introduced to determine the limit load of general shells using the finite element method. The method is based on an upper bound limit and shakedown analysis with elastic-perfectly plastic material model. A non-linear constrained optimisation problem is solved by using Newton’s method in conjunction with a penalty method and the Lagrangean dual method. Numerical investigation of a pipe bend subjected to bending moments proves the effectiveness of the algorithm. KW - Finite-Elemente-Methode Y1 - 2007 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Fredebeul-Krein, Markus T1 - 10 years of liberalised telecom markets in Germany: Assessing the degree of competition on the markets for voice telephony N2 - Market data for the German telecom market shows that Deutsche Telekom as the former incumbent is constantly loosing shares on all arkets for voice telephony: the market for local calls, the market for long-distance calls and the market for international calls. At the same time prices decline steadily with the latest trend being that operators offer voice services free of charge, the costs of which are covered by a monthly subscription charge. Against this background the paper examines the state of policy and regulatory reform in the telecommunications sector in Germany almost 10 years after the liberalisation of the fixed telecommunications market. Thereby the focus is on the analysis of the competitive conditions that have been established on the German market for voice telephony services. If these retail markets are competitive, there might be a need to remove remaining regulatory provisions. In the new environment of converging markets the future challenge of regulating fixed telecom markets might be to ensure that access to the network and/or services of a potentially dominant provider in a relevant market will satisfy requirements for openness and non-discrimination. KW - Telekommunikationsmarkt KW - Telekommunikationsmarkt Y1 - 2007 N1 - paper presented at 18th European Regional ITS Conference of the International Telecommunications Society, September 2-4, 2007 Istanbul, Turkey ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Fredebeul-Krein, Markus T1 - 10 Jahre Wettbewerb auf dem deutschen Telekommunikationsmarkt: Zeit für einen Paradigmenwechsel in der Regulierung? N2 - 1. Ein Referenzrahmen für die Wettbewerbsanalyse 2. Regulierung des deutschen Marktes für Sprachtelefondienste 3. Wettbewerb auf dem deutschen Markt für Sprachtelefondienste 4. Die Telekommunikationsregulierung vor einem Paradigmenwechsel KW - Telekommunikationsmarkt KW - Telekommunikationsmarkt Y1 - 2007 N1 - Vortrag auf dem TEC ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Tran, Thanh Ngoc A1 - Staat, Manfred A1 - Kreißig, R. T1 - Finite element shakedown and limit reliability analysis of thin shells N2 - A procedure for the evaluation of the failure probability of elastic-plastic thin shell structures is presented. The procedure involves a deterministic limit and shakedown analysis for each probabilistic iteration which is based on the kinematical approach and the use the exact Ilyushin yield surface. Based on a direct definition of the limit state function, the non-linear problems may be efficiently solved by using the First and Second Order Reliabiblity Methods (Form/SORM). This direct approach reduces considerably the necessary knowledge of uncertain technological input data, computing costs and the numerical error. In: Computational plasticity / ed. by Eugenio Onate. Dordrecht: Springer 2007. VII, 265 S. (Computational Methods in Applied Sciences ; 7) (COMPLAS IX. Part 1 . International Center for Numerical Methods in Engineering (CIMNE)). ISBN 978-1-402-06576-7 S. 186-189 KW - Finite-Elemente-Methode KW - Limit analysis KW - shakedown analysis KW - Exact Ilyushin yield surface KW - Random variable KW - First Order Reliabiblity Method Y1 - 2007 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Srivastava, Alok A1 - Singh, Virendra A1 - Dhand, Chetna A1 - Kaur, Manindar A1 - Singh, Tejvir A1 - Witte, Katrin A1 - Scherer, Ulrich W. T1 - Study of swift heavy ion modified conduction polymer composites for application as gas sensor N2 - A polyaniline-based conducting composite was prepared by oxidative polymerisation of aniline in a polyvinylchloride (PVC) matrix. The coherent free standing thin films of the composite were prepared by a solution casting method. The polyvinyl chloride-polyaniline composites exposed to 120 MeV ions of silicon with total ion fluence ranging from 1011 to 1013 ions/cm2, were observed to be more sensitive towards ammonia gas than the unirradiated composite. The response time of the irradiated composites was observed to be comparably shorter. We report for the first time the application of swift heavy ion modified insulating polymer conducting polymer (IPCP) composites for sensing of ammonia gas. KW - Biosensor KW - Conducing polymer KW - ammonia gas sensors KW - swift heavy ions KW - polymer composites Y1 - 2006 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:hbz:a96-opus-1345 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Chaiyboun, Ali A1 - Traute, Rüdiger A1 - Kiesewetter, Olaf A1 - Ahlers, Simon A1 - Müller, Gerhard A1 - Doll, Theodor T1 - Modular analytical multicomponent analysis in gas sensor arrays N2 - A multi-sensor system is a chemical sensor system which quantitatively and qualitatively records gases with a combination of cross-sensitive gas sensor arrays and pattern recognition software. This paper addresses the issue of data analysis for identification of gases in a gas sensor array. We introduce a software tool for gas sensor array configuration and simulation. It concerns thereby about a modular software package for the acquisition of data of different sensors. A signal evaluation algorithm referred to as matrix method was used specifically for the software tool. This matrix method computes the gas concentrations from the signals of a sensor array. The software tool was used for the simulation of an array of five sensors to determine gas concentration of CH4, NH3, H2, CO and C2H5OH. The results of the present simulated sensor array indicate that the software tool is capable of the following: (a) identify a gas independently of its concentration; (b) estimate the concentration of the gas, even if the system was not previously exposed to this concentration; (c) tell when a gas concentration exceeds a certain value. A gas sensor data base was build for the configuration of the software. With the data base one can create, generate and manage scenarios and source files for the simulation. With the gas sensor data base and the simulation software an on-line Web-based version was developed, with which the user can configure and simulate sensor arrays on-line. KW - Biosensor KW - Main sensitivity KW - cross sensitivity KW - matrix method KW - gas sensor array KW - modelling Y1 - 2006 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:hbz:a96-opus-1358 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Sakthivel, Mariappan A1 - Weppner, Werner T1 - Response behaviour of a hydrogen sensor based on ionic conducting polymer-metal interfaces prepared by the chemical reduction method N2 - A solid-state amperometric hydrogen sensor based on a protonated Nafion membrane and catalytic active electrode operating at room temperature was fabricated and tested. Ionic conducting polymer-metal electrode interfaces were prepared chemically by using the impregnation-reduction method. The polymer membrane was impregnated with tetra-ammine platinum chloride hydrate and the metal ions were subsequently reduced by using either sodium tetrahydroborate or potassium tetrahydroborate. The hydrogen sensing characteristics with air as reference gas is reported. The sensors were capable of detecting hydrogen concentrations from 10 ppm to 10% in nitrogen. The response time was in the range of 10-30 s and a stable linear current output was observed. The thin Pt films were characterized by XRD, Infrared Spectroscopy, Optical Microscopy, Atomic Force Microscopy, Scanning Electron Microscopy and EDAX. KW - Biosensor KW - Hydrogen sensor KW - amperometric sensor KW - porous Pt electrode KW - chemical reduction method Y1 - 2006 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:hbz:a96-opus-1399 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Koplin, Tobias J. A1 - Siemons, Maike A1 - Océn-Valéntin, César A1 - Sanders, Daniel A1 - Simon, Ulrich T1 - Workflow for high throughput screening of gas sensing materials N2 - The workflow of a high throughput screening setup for the rapid identification of new and improved sensor materials is presented. The polyol method was applied to prepare nanoparticular metal oxides as base materials, which were functionalised by surface doping. Using multi-electrode substrates and high throughput impedance spectroscopy (HT-IS) a wide range of materials could be screened in a short time. Applying HT-IS in search of new selective gas sensing materials a NO2-tolerant NO sensing material with reduced sensitivities towards other test gases was identified based on iridium doped zinc oxide. Analogous behaviour was observed for iridium doped indium oxide. KW - Biosensor KW - High throughput experimentation KW - gas sensor KW - metal oxide KW - doping KW - impedance spectroscopy KW - nitrogen oxides Y1 - 2006 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:hbz:a96-opus-1407 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Näther, Niko A1 - Juárez, Leon M. A1 - Emmerich, Rüdiger A1 - Berger, Jörg A1 - Friedrich, Peter A1 - Schöning, Michael Josef T1 - Detection of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) at exposed temperatures for industrial processes N2 - An H2O2 sensor for the application in industrial sterilisation processes has been developed. Therefore, automated sterilisation equipment at laboratory scale has been constructed using parts from industrial sterilisation facilities. In addition, a software tool has been developed for the control of the sterilisation equipment at laboratory scale. First measurements with the developed sensor set-up as part of the sterilisation equipment have been performed and the sensor has been physically characterised by optical microscopy and SEM. KW - Biosensor KW - Gas sensor KW - hydrogen peroxide KW - sterilisation KW - catalytic decomposition Y1 - 2006 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:hbz:a96-opus-1418 ER -