TY - CHAP A1 - Kirchhof, M. A1 - Kraft, Bodo T1 - UML-based modeling of architectural knowledge and design N2 - IASSE-2004 - 13th International Conference on Intelligent and Adaptive Systems and Software Engineering eds. W. Dosch, N. Debnath, pp. 245-250, ISCA, Cary, NC, 1-3 July 2004, Nice, France We introduce a UML-based model for conceptual design support in civil engineering. Therefore, we identify required extensions to standard UML. Class diagrams are used for elaborating building typespecific knowledge: Object diagrams, implicitly contained in the architect’s sketch, are validated against the defined knowledge. To enable the use of industrial, domain-specific tools, we provide an integrated conceptual design extension. The developed tool support is based on graph rewriting. With our approach architects are enabled to deal with semantic objects during early design phase, assisted by incremental consistency checks. KW - UML KW - UML KW - Unified Modeling Language KW - UML KW - Unified Modeling Language Y1 - 2004 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Lüpfert, E. A1 - Herrmann, Ulf A1 - Price, Henry A1 - Zarza, E. A1 - Kistener, R. ED - Ramos, C. T1 - Towards Standard Performance Analysis for Parabolic Trough Collector Fields T2 - 12th International Symposium Solar Power and Chemical Energy Systems, October 6-8, 2004, Oaxaca Mexico ; SolarPACES International Symposium, 12 Y1 - 2004 SN - 968-6114-18-1 PB - Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas CY - [s.l.] ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Walk-Lauffer, Bernd A1 - Raupach, Michael A1 - Dilger, Klaus A1 - Böhm, Stefan A1 - Mundt, F. A1 - Dilthey, Ulrich A1 - Schleser, Markus T1 - The interconnection between inner filaments of textile reinforcement by means of polymer modified concrete T2 - Proceedings of the First International Conference on Innovative Materials and Technologies for Construction and Restoration : : Lecce, June 6 - 9, 2004 / Università degli Studi di Lecce / ed. Antonio La Tegola. Vol. 1: Key-notes, materials, construction Y1 - 2004 SP - 150 EP - 159 PB - Liguori CY - Napoli ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Müller, Karsten T1 - Strategien der Zustandserfassung von Abwasserkanälen T2 - Entwicklungen in der Kanalisationstechnik : schriftliche Fassungen der Vorträge zur 5. Tagung "Entwicklungen in der Kanalisationstechnik" : am 22. und 23. Juni 2004 in Köln / MUNLV, Ministerium für Umwelt und Naturschutz, Landwirtschaft und Verbraucherschutz des Landes Nordrhein-Westfalen, Düsseldorf ... Tagungsleitung: Max Dohmann ... Aachener Schriften zur Stadtentwaesserung ASS. Bd. 5 Y1 - 2004 SP - 1 EP - 16 PB - Institut für Siedlungswasserwirtschaft der RWTH Aachen CY - Aachen ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Faber, Christian T1 - Solare Meerwasser-Entsalzungsanlage mit mehrstufiger Wärmerückgewinnung T2 - 14. Symposium Thermische Solarenergie : 12. bis 14. Mai 2004, Kloster Banz, Bad Staffelstein / OTTI-Kolleg Technik, Energie, Management Y1 - 2004 SN - 3-934681-33-6 SP - 154 EP - 161 PB - OTTI-Energie-Kolleg CY - Regensburg ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Faber, Christian T1 - Solare Großbäckerei in Burkina Faso als Beispiel eines solaren Prozesswärmesystems T2 - 14. Symposium Thermische Solarenergie : 12. bis 14. Mai 2004, Kloster Banz, Bad Staffelstein / OTTI-Kolleg Technik, Energie, Management Y1 - 2004 SN - 3-934681-33-6 SP - 500 EP - 505 PB - OTTI-Energie-Kolleg CY - Regensburg ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Hartz, Thomas T1 - Solare Brauchwasserversorgung in Siedlungen - zentral oder dezentral? T2 - 14. Symposium Thermische Solarenergie : 12. bis 14. Mai 2004, Kloster Banz, Bad Staffelstein / OTTI-Kolleg Technik, Energie, Management Y1 - 2004 SN - 3-934681-33-6 SP - 331 EP - 336 PB - OTTI-Energie-Kolleg CY - Regensburg ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Dachwald, Bernd T1 - Solar sail performance requirements for missions to the outer solar system and beyond T2 - 55th International Astronautical Congress 2004 N2 - Solar sails enable missions to the outer solar system and beyond, although the solar radiation pressure decreases with the square of solar distance. For such missions, the solar sail may gain a large amount of energy by first making one or more close approaches to the sun. Within this paper, optimal trajectories for solar sail missions to the outer planets and into near interstellar space (200 AU) are presented. Thereby, it is shown that even near/medium-term solar sails with relatively moderate performance allow reasonable transfer times to the boundaries of the solar system. Y1 - 2004 U6 - http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.IAC-04-S.P.11 N1 - 55th International Astronautical Congress 2004 - Vancouver, Canada SP - 1 EP - 9 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Wollert, Jörg T1 - Sicherheit und Sicherheitslücken in kabellosen Automatisierungsnetzwerken : wieviel Sicherheit braucht ein Automatisierungsnetzwerk? T2 - Funkgestützte Kommunikation in der industriellen Automatisierungstechnik : Tagung Düsseldorf, 4. und 5. Mai 2004. (VDI-Berichte ; 1843) Y1 - 2004 SN - 3-18-091843-8 SP - 91 EP - 104 PB - VDI-Verl. CY - Düsseldorf ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Wollert, Jörg T1 - Sicherheit in kabellosen Netzwerken T2 - SPS/IPC/DRIVES 2004 : SPS/IPC/DRIVES, Elektrische Automatisierung - Systeme und Komponenten, Fachmesse & Kongress, 23. - 25. Nov. 2004, Nürnberg Y1 - 2004 SN - 3-7723-6709-7 SP - 335 EP - 341 PB - Poing CY - Franzis ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Butenweg, Christoph A1 - Sadegh-Azar, H. A1 - Meskouris, Konstantin T1 - Seismische Vulnerabilität von bestehenden Bauwerken T2 - 5. Forum und Gefahrentag : auf der Suche nach dem Risiko : ein aktuelles Symposium zu Fragen der Risikowahrnehmung und Katastrophenvorsorge in Deutschland, ZDF Mainz Lerchenberg, 13. - 14. Oktober, 2004 Y1 - 2004 SP - 1 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Kuhlmann, Wolfram A1 - Butenweg, Christoph A1 - Lopez, Marijen A1 - Fernandez, Sebastian T1 - Seismic vulnerability assessment of the historic Aachen Cathedral T2 - Conference proceedings / 13th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering [Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, August 1 - 6, 2004] / [hosted by CAEE/ACGP, Canadian Association for Earthquake Engineering] Y1 - 2004 SP - 1 EP - 14 PB - CAEE CY - Vancouver ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Meskouris, Konstantin A1 - Butenweg, Christoph A1 - Mistler, Michael A1 - Kuhlmann, Wolfram T1 - Seismic behaviour of historic masonry buildings T2 - 7th National Congress on Mechanics : Chania, Crete, June 24 - 26, 2004 ; proceedings / ed. A. Kounadis .... Y1 - 2004 SP - 47 EP - 49 PB - Hellenic Society for Theoretical and Applied Mechanics CY - Chania ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Seboldt, Wolfgang A1 - Blome, Hans-Joachim A1 - Dachwald, Bernd A1 - Richter, Lutz T1 - Proposal for an integrated European space exploration strategy T2 - 55th International Astronautical Congress of the International Astronautical Federation, the International Academy of Astronautics, and the International Institute of Space Law N2 - Recently, in his vision for space exploration, US president Bush announced to extend human presence across the solar system, starting with a human return to the Moon as early as 2015 in preparation for human exploration of Mars and other destinations. In Europe, an exploration program, termed AURORA, was established by ESA in 2001 – funded on a voluntary basis by ESA member states – with a clear focus on Mars and the ultimate goal of landing humans on Mars around 2030 in international cooperation. In 2003, a Human Spaceflight Vision Group was appointed by ESA with the task to develop a vision for the role of human spaceflight during the next quarter of the century. The resulting vision focused on a European-led lunar exploration initiative as part of a multi-decade, international effort to strengthen European identity and economy. After a review of the situation in Europe concerning space exploration, the paper outlines an approach for a consistent positioning of exploration within the existing European space programs, identifies destinations, and develops corresponding scenarios for an integrated strategy, starting with robotic missions to the Moon, Mars, and near-Earth asteroids. The interests of the European planetary in-situ science community, which recently met at DLR Cologne, are considered. Potential robotic lunar missions comprise polar landings to search for frozen volatiles and a sample return. For Mars, the implementation of a modest robotic landing mission in 2009 to demonstrate the capability for landing and prepare more ambitious and complex missions is discussed. For near-Earth asteroid exploration, a low-cost in-situ technology demonstration mission could yield important results. All proposed scenarios offer excellent science and could therefore create synergies between ESA’s mandatory and optional programs in the area of planetary science and exploration. The paper intents to stimulate the European discussion on space exploration and reflects the personal view of the authors. Y1 - 2004 N1 - 55th International Astronautical Congress 2004 - Vancouver, Canada SP - 1 EP - 10 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Herrmann, Ulf A1 - Graeter, F. A1 - Nava, P. ED - Ramos, C. T1 - Performance of the SKAL-ET Collector Loop at KJC Operating Company T2 - 12th International Symposium Solar Power and Chemical Energy Systems, October 6-8, 2004, Oaxaca Mexico ; SolarPACES International Symposium, 12 Y1 - 2004 SN - 968-6114-18-1 PB - Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas CY - [s.l.] ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Kraft, Bodo A1 - Nagl, Manfred T1 - Parameterized specification of conceptual design tools in civil engineering N2 - Applications of Graph Transformations with Industrial Relevance Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 2004, Volume 3062/2004, 90-105, DOI: 10.1007/978-3-540-25959-6_7 In this paper we discuss how tools for conceptual design in civil engineering can be developed using graph transformation specifications. These tools consist of three parts: (a) for elaborating specific conceptual knowledge (knowledge engineer), (b) for working out conceptual design results (architect), and (c) automatic consistency analyses which guarantee that design results are consistent with the underlying specific conceptual knowledge. For the realization of such tools we use a machinery based on graph transformations. In a traditional PROGRES tool specification the conceptual knowledge for a class of buildings is hard-wired within the specification. This is not appropriate for the experimentation platform approach we present in this paper, as objects and relations for conceptual knowledge are due to many changes, implied by evaluation of their use and corresponding improvements. Therefore, we introduce a parametric specification method with the following characteristics: (1) The underlying specific knowledge for a class of buildings is not fixed. Instead, it is built up as a data base by using the knowledge tools. (2) The specification for the architect tools also does not incorporate specific conceptual knowledge. (3) An incremental checker guarantees whether a design result is consistent with the current state of the underlying conceptual knowledge (data base). KW - CAD KW - CAD KW - Bauingenieurwesen KW - CAD KW - civil engineering Y1 - 2004 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Zischank, Wolfgang J. A1 - Heidler, Fridolin A1 - Wiesinger, J. A1 - Stimper, K. A1 - Kern, Alexander A1 - Seevers, M. T1 - Magnetic Fields and Induced Voltages inside LPZ 1 Measured at a 1:6 Scale Model Building N2 - Laborexperimente zu Blitzschutzzonen in Stahlbetongebäuden anhand eines Modells im Maßstab 1:6 N2 - For the application of the concept of Lightning Protection Zones (LPZ), the knowledge of the magnetic fields and induced voltages inside a structure is necessary. Laboratory experiments have been conducted at a downscaled model of a building (scale factor 1:6) to determine these electromagnetic quantities in case of a direct strike to the structure. The model (3 m x 2 m x 2 m) represented a small industrial building using the reinforcement of the concrete as electromagnetic shield. The magnetic fields and magnetic field derivatives were measured at several location inside the scaled model. Further, the voltages induced on three typical cable routes inside the model was determined. The influence of the lightning current waveshape, point-of-strike, bonding of the cable routes, and bridging of an expansion joint in the middle of the building on these quantities was studied. KW - Blitzschlag KW - Elektromagnetischer Schutzschild KW - Stahlbeton KW - Maßstabsgetreues Modell KW - Lightning KW - electromagnetic shielding KW - reinforced concrete KW - scaled model Y1 - 2004 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Kern, Alexander A1 - Heidler, Fridolin A1 - Seevers, M. A1 - Zischank, Wolfgang J. T1 - Magnetic Fields and Induced Voltages in case of a Direct Strike - Comparison of Results obtained from Measurements at a Scaled Building to those of IEC 62305-4 N2 - In the paper the results obtained from experiments at a modelled reinforced building in case of a direct lightning strike are compared with calculations. The comparison includes peak values of the magnetic field Hmax, its derivative (dH/dt)max and of induced voltages umax in typical cable routings. The experiments are performed at a 1:6 scaled building and the results are extrapolated using the similarity relations theory. The calculations are based on the approximate formulae given in IEC 62305-4 and have to be supplemented by a rough estimation of the additional shielding effect of a second reinforcement layer. The comparison shows, that the measured peak values of the magnetic field and its derivative are mostly lower than the calculated. The induced voltages are in good agreement. Hence, calculations of the induced voltages based on IEC 62305-4 are a good method for lightning protection studies of buildings, where the reinforcement is used as a grid-like electromagnetic shield. N2 - Auswirkungen eines direkten Blitzeinschlages auf ein Gebäude, Vergleich von experimentellen Ergebnissen und Berechnungen basierend auf einer Formel aus der IEC 62305-4 KW - Blitz KW - Direkter Blitzschlag KW - Elektromagnetischer Schutzschild KW - Magnetische Felder KW - Induzierte Spannungen KW - Kalkulation KW - Direct lightning strike KW - electromagnetic shield KW - magnetic fields KW - induced voltages KW - calculations Y1 - 2004 SN - 0304-3886 N1 - Journal of electrostatics: Beitr. auf S. 379 - 385. doi:10.1016/j.elstat.2006.09.004 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Hartz, Thomas T1 - LACASA - ein Instrument zur energetischen Analyse und Optimierung von Gebäuden mit Anlagentechnik T2 - 14. Symposium Thermische Solarenergie : 12. bis 14. Mai 2004, Kloster Banz, Bad Staffelstein / OTTI-Kolleg Technik, Energie, Management Y1 - 2004 SP - 402 EP - 406 PB - OTTI-Energie-Kolleg CY - Regensburg ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Kraft, Bodo A1 - Wilhelms, N. T1 - Interactive distributed knowledge support for conceptual building design N2 - In: Net-distributed Co-operation : Xth International Conference on Computing in Civil and Building Engineering, Weimar, June 02 - 04, 2004 ; proceedings / [ed. by Karl Beuke ...] . - Weimar: Bauhaus-Univ. Weimar 2004. - 1. Aufl. . Seite 1-14 ISBN 3-86068-213-X International Conference on Computing in Civil and Building Engineering <10, 2004, Weimar> Summary In our project, we develop new tools for the conceptual design phase. During conceptual design, the coarse functionality and organization of a building is more important than a detailed worked out construction. We identify two roles, first the knowledge engineer who is responsible for knowledge definition and maintenance; second the architect who elaborates the conceptual de-sign. The tool for the knowledge engineer is based on graph technology, it is specified using PROGRES and the UPGRADE framework. The tools for the architect are integrated to the in-dustrial CAD tool ArchiCAD. Consistency between knowledge and conceptual design is en-sured by the constraint checker, another extension to ArchiCAD. KW - CAD KW - CAD KW - Bauingenieurwesen KW - CAD KW - civil engineering Y1 - 2004 SN - 3-86068-213-X ER -