TY - GEN A1 - Roth, J. A1 - Tippkötter, Nils T1 - New Approach for Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Lignocellulose with Selective Diffusion Separation of the Monosaccharide Products T2 - Chemie Ingenieur Technik N2 - Enzymatic hydrolysis of lignocellulosic material plays an important role in the classical biorefinery approach. Apart from the pretreatment of the raw material, hydrolysis is the basis for the conversion of the cellulose and hemicellulose fraction into fermentable sugars. After hydrolysis, usually a solid-liquid separation takes place, in order to separate the residual plant material from the sugar-rich fraction, which can be subsequently used in a fermentation step. In order to factor out the separation step, the usage of in alginate immobilized crude cellulose fiber beads (CFBs) were evaluated. Pretreated cellulose fibers are incorporated in an alginate matrix together with the relevant enzymes. In doing so, sugars diffuse trough the alginate matrix, allowing a simplified delivery into the surrounding fluid. This again reduces product inhibition of the glucose on the enzyme catalysts. By means of standardized bead production the hydrolysis in lab scale was possible. First results show that liberation of glucose and xylose is possible, allowing a maximum total sugar yield of 75 %. Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/cite.201650301 SN - 0009-286X SN - 1522-2640 (eISSN) N1 - ProcessNet-Jahrestagung 2016 und 32. DECHEMA-Jahrestagung der Biotechnologen 2016, 12. - 15. September 2016, Eurogress Aachen VL - 88 IS - 9 SP - 1237 PB - Wiley-VCH CY - Weinheim ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gamgami, Farid A1 - Czupalla, Markus A1 - Garcia, Antonio A1 - Agnolon, David T1 - From planetary transits to spacecraft design: achieving PLATO’s pointing performance T2 - A7. Symposium on technological Requirement for future space astronomy and solar-system science missions N2 - In the last decades, several hundred exoplanets could be detected thanks to space-based observatories, namely CNES’ COROT and NASA’s Kepler. To expand this quest ESA plans to launch CHEOPS as the f irst small class mission in the cosmic visions program (S1) and PLATO as the 3rd medium class mission, so called M3 . PLATO’s primary objective is the detection of Earth like Exoplanets orbiting solar type stars in the habitable zone and characterisation of their bulk properties. This is possible by precise lightcurve measurement via 34 cameras. That said it becomes obvious that accurate pointing is key to achieve the required signal to noise ratio for positive transit detection. The paper will start with a comprehensive overview of PLATO’s mission objectives and mission architecture. Hereafter, special focus will be devoted to PLATO’s pointing requirements. Understanding the very nature of PLATO’s pointing requirements is essential to derive a design baseline to achieve the required performance. The PLATO frequency domain is of particular interest, ranging from 40 mHz to 3 Hz. Due to the very different time-scales involved, the spectral pointing requirement is decomposed into a high frequency part dominated by the attitude control system and the low frequency part dominated by the thermo-elastic properties of the spacecraft’s configuration. Both pose stringent constraints on the overall design as well as technology properties to comply with the derived requirements and thus assure a successful mission. Y1 - 2016 N1 - 67th International Astronautical Congress, 26. - 30. September 2016, Guadalajara, Mexico ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Bialonski, Stephan A1 - Caron, David A. A1 - Schloen, Julia A1 - Feudel, Ulrike A1 - Kantz, Holger A1 - Moorthi, Stefanie D. T1 - Phytoplankton dynamics in the Southern California Bight indicate a complex mixture of transport and biology JF - Journal of Plankton Research N2 - The stimulation and dominance of potentially harmful phytoplankton taxa at a given locale and time are determined by local environmental conditions as well as by transport to or from neighboring regions. The present study investigated the occurrence of common harmful algal bloom (HAB) taxa within the Southern California Bight, using cross-correlation functions to determine potential dependencies between HAB taxa and environmental factors, and potential links to algal transport via local hydrography and currents. A simulation study, in which Lagrangian particles were released, was used to assess travel times due to advection by prevailing ocean currents in the bight. Our results indicate that transport of some taxa may be an important mechanism for the expansion of their distributions into other regions, which was supported by mean travel times derived from our simulation study and other literature on ocean currents in the Southern California Bight. In other cases, however, phytoplankton dynamics were rather linked to local environmental conditions, including coastal upwelling events. Overall, our study shows that complex current patterns in the Southern California Bight may contribute significantly to the formation and expansion of HABs in addition to local environmental factors determining the spatiotemporal dynamics of phytoplankton blooms. Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1093/plankt/fbv122 SN - 1464-3774 VL - 38 IS - 4 SP - 1077 EP - 1091 PB - Oxford University Press CY - Oxford ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Poghossian, Arshak A1 - Bronder, Thomas A1 - Scheja, S. A1 - Wu, Chunsheng A1 - Metzger-Boddien, C. A1 - Keusgen, M. A1 - Schöning, Michael Josef T1 - Label-free Electrostatic Detection of DNA Amplification by PCR Using Capacitive Field-effect Devices T2 - Procedia Engineering N2 - A capacitive field-effect EIS (electrolyte-insulator-semiconductor) sensor modified with a positively charged weak polyelectrolyte of poly(allylamine hydrochloride) (PAH)/single-stranded probe DNA (ssDNA) bilayer has been used for a label-free electrostatic detection of pathogen-specific DNA amplification via polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The sensor is able to distinguish between positive and negative PCR solutions, to detect the existence of target DNA amplicons in PCR samples and thus, can be used as tool for a quick verification of DNA amplification and the successful PCR process. Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2016.11.512 SN - 1877-7058 N1 - Proceedings of the 30th anniversary Eurosensors Conference – Eurosensors 2016, 4-7. Sepember 2016, Budapest, Hungary VL - Vol. 168 SP - 514 EP - 517 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wu, Chunsheng A1 - Poghossian, Arshak A1 - Bronder, Thomas A1 - Schöning, Michael Josef T1 - Sensing of double-stranded DNA molecules by their intrinsic molecular charge using the light-addressable potentiometric sensor JF - Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical N2 - A multi-spot light-addressable potentiometric sensor (LAPS), which belongs to the family of semiconductor field-effect devices, was applied for label-free detection of double-stranded deoxyribonucleic acid (dsDNA) molecules by their intrinsic molecular charge. To reduce the distance between the DNA charge and sensor surface and thus, to enhance the electrostatic coupling between the dsDNA molecules and the LAPS, the negatively charged dsDNA molecules were electrostatically adsorbed onto the gate surface of the LAPS covered with a positively charged weak polyelectrolyte layer of PAH (poly(allylamine hydrochloride)). The surface potential changes in each spot of the LAPS, induced by the layer-by-layer adsorption of a PAH/dsDNA bilayer, were recorded by means of photocurrent-voltage and constant-photocurrent measurements. In addition, the surface morphology of the gate surface before and after consecutive electrostatic adsorption of PAH and dsDNA layers was studied by atomic force microscopy measurements. Moreover, fluorescence microscopy was used to verify the successful adsorption of dsDNA molecules onto the PAH-modified LAPS surface. A high sensor signal of 25 mV was registered after adsorption of 10 nM dsDNA molecules. The lower detection limit is down to 0.1 nM dsDNA. The obtained results demonstrate that the PAH-modified LAPS device provides a convenient and rapid platform for the direct label-free electrical detection of in-solution hybridized dsDNA molecules. KW - Layer-by-layer adsorption KW - Poly(allylamine hydrochloride) KW - Label-free detection KW - DNA biosensor KW - LAPS KW - Field effect Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.snb.2016.02.004 SN - 0925-4005 IS - 229 SP - 506 EP - 512 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Bialonski, Stephan T1 - Are interaction clusters in epileptic networks predictive of seizures? T2 - Epilepsy: The Intersection of Neurosciences, Biology, Mathematics, Engineering, and Physics Y1 - 2016 SN - 978-143983886-0 SP - 349 EP - 355 PB - CRC Press ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Valero, Daniel A1 - Bung, Daniel Bernhard T1 - Development of the interfacial air layer in the non-aerated region of high-velocity spillway flows: Instabilities growth, entrapped air and influence on the self-aeration onset JF - International Journal of Multiphase Flow N2 - Self-aeration is traditionally explained by the water turbulent boundary layer outer edge intersection with the free surface. This paper presents a discussion on the commonly accepted hypothesis behind the computation of the critical point of self-aeration in spillway flows and a new formulation is proposed based on the existence of a developing air flow over the free surface. Upstream of the inception point of self-aeration, some surface roughening has been often reported in previous studies which consequently implies some entrapped air transport and air–water flows coupling. Such air flow is proven in this study by presenting measured air velocities and computing the air boundary layer thickness for a 1V:2H smooth chute flow. Additionally, the growth rate of free surface waves has been analysed by means of Ultrasonic Sensors measurements, obtaining also the entrapped air concentration. High-speed camera imaging has been used for qualitative study of the flow perturbations. Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2016.04.012 SN - 0301-9322 VL - 84 SP - 66 EP - 74 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Neu, Eugen A1 - Janser, Frank A1 - Khatibi, Akbar A. A1 - Braun, Carsten A1 - Orifici, Adrian C. T1 - Operational Modal Analysis of a wing excited by transonic flow JF - Aerospace Science and Technology N2 - Operational Modal Analysis (OMA) is a promising candidate for flutter testing and Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) of aircraft wings that are passively excited by wind loads. However, no studies have been published where OMA is tested in transonic flows, which is the dominant condition for large civil aircraft and is characterized by complex and unique aerodynamic phenomena. We use data from the HIRENASD large-scale wind tunnel experiment to automatically extract modal parameters from an ambiently excited wing operated in the transonic regime using two OMA methods: Stochastic Subspace Identification (SSI) and Frequency Domain Decomposition (FDD). The system response is evaluated based on accelerometer measurements. The excitation is investigated from surface pressure measurements. The forcing function is shown to be non-white, non-stationary and contaminated by narrow-banded transonic disturbances. All these properties violate fundamental OMA assumptions about the forcing function. Despite this, all physical modes in the investigated frequency range were successfully identified, and in addition transonic pressure waves were identified as physical modes as well. The SSI method showed superior identification capabilities for the investigated case. The investigation shows that complex transonic flows can interfere with OMA. This can make existing approaches for modal tracking unsuitable for their application to aircraft wings operated in the transonic flight regime. Approaches to separate the true physical modes from the transonic disturbances are discussed. Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ast.2015.11.032 SN - 1270-9638 VL - 49 SP - 73 EP - 79 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Ngamga, Eulalie Joelle A1 - Bialonski, Stephan A1 - Marwan, Norbert A1 - Kurths, Jürgen A1 - Geier, Christian A1 - Lehnertz, Klaus T1 - Evaluation of selected recurrence measures in discriminating pre-ictal and inter-ictal periods from epileptic EEG data JF - Physics Letters A N2 - We investigate the suitability of selected measures of complexity based on recurrence quantification analysis and recurrence networks for an identification of pre-seizure states in multi-day, multi-channel, invasive electroencephalographic recordings from five epilepsy patients. We employ several statistical techniques to avoid spurious findings due to various influencing factors and due to multiple comparisons and observe precursory structures in three patients. Our findings indicate a high congruence among measures in identifying seizure precursors and emphasize the current notion of seizure generation in large-scale epileptic networks. A final judgment of the suitability for field studies, however, requires evaluation on a larger database. Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physleta.2016.02.024 SN - 0375-9601 VL - 380 IS - 16 SP - 1419 EP - 1425 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Valero, Daniel A1 - Bung, Daniel Bernhard A1 - Crookston, B. M. A1 - Matos, J. ED - Crookston, B. ED - Tullis, B. T1 - Numerical investigation of USBR type III stilling basin performance downstream of smooth and stepped spillways BT - Session 1: Hydraulic structures T2 - Hydraulic Structures and Water System Management. 6th IAHR International Symposium on Hydraulic Structures, Portland, OR, 27-30 June 2016 Y1 - 2016 SN - 978-1-884575-75-4 U6 - https://doi.org/10.15142/T340628160853 SP - 635 EP - 646 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Dalguer, Luis A. A1 - Renault, Philippe A1 - Churilov, Sergey A1 - Butenweg, Christoph T1 - Evaluation of fragility curves for a three-storey-reinforced-concrete mock-up of SMART 2013 project T2 - Transactions, SMiRT-23 : 23rd Conference on Structural Mechanics in Reactor Technology : Manchester, United Kingdom - August 10-14, 2015 Y1 - 2016 SP - 1 EP - 9 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Becker, Jörg A1 - Delfmann, Patrick A1 - Dietrich, Hanns-Alexander A1 - Steinhorst, Matthias A1 - Eggert, Mathias T1 - Business Process Compliance Checking — Applying and Evaluating a Generic Pattern Matching Approach for Conceptual Models in the Financial Sector JF - Information Systems Frontiers N2 - Given the strong increase in regulatory requirements for business processes the management of business process compliance becomes a more and more regarded field in IS research. Several methods have been developed to support compliance checking of conceptual models. However, their focus on distinct modeling languages and mostly linear (i.e., predecessor-successor related) compliance rules may hinder widespread adoption and application in practice. Furthermore, hardly any of them has been evaluated in a real-world setting. We address this issue by applying a generic pattern matching approach for conceptual models to business process compliance checking in the financial sector. It consists of a model query language, a search algorithm and a corresponding modelling tool prototype. It is (1) applicable for all graph-based conceptual modeling languages and (2) for different kinds of compliance rules. Furthermore, based on an applicability check, we (3) evaluate the approach in a financial industry project setting against its relevance for decision support of audit and compliance management tasks. Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10796-014-9529-y SN - 1572-9419 VL - 18 IS - 2 SP - 359 EP - 405 PB - Springer CY - Berlin ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Rajan, Sreelakshmy A1 - Holtschoppen, B. A1 - Dalguer, L. A. A1 - Klinkel, S. A1 - Butenweg, Christoph ED - Sas, P. T1 - Seismic fragility analysis of a non-conventional reinforced concrete structure considering different uncertainties T2 - Proceedings of ISMA2016, International Conference on Noise and Vibration Engineering/USD2016, International Conference on Uncertainty in Structural Dynamics, / ISMA 2016, USD 2016 Y1 - 2016 SP - 4213 EP - 4225 PB - KU Leuven CY - Leuven ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Mykoniou, Konstantin A1 - Butenweg, Christoph A1 - Holtschoppen, Britta A1 - Klinkel, Sven T1 - Seismic response analysis of adjacent liquid-storage tanks JF - Earthquake engineering and structural dynamics N2 - A refined substructure technique in the frequency domain is developed, which permits consideration of the interaction effects among adjacent containers through the supporting deformable soil medium. The tank-liquid systems are represented by means of mechanical models, whereas discrete springs and dashpots stand for the soil beneath the foundations. The proposed model is employed to assess the responses of adjacent circular, cylindrical tanks for harmonic and seismic excitations over wide range of tank proportions and soil conditions. The influence of the number, spatial arrangement of the containers and their distance on the overall system's behavior is addressed. The results indicate that the cross-interaction effects can substantially alter the impulsive components of response of each individual element in a tank farm. The degree of this impact is primarily controlled by the tank proportions and the proximity of the predominant natural frequencies of the shell-liquid-soil systems and the input seismic motion. The group effects should be not a priori disregarded, unless the tanks are founded on shallow soil deposit overlying very stiff material or bedrock. KW - liquid-structure interaction KW - seismic response KW - impulsive effects KW - liquid-storage tank KW - structure-soil-structure interaction Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.2726 SN - 1096-9845 (E-Journal); 0098-8847 (Print) VL - 45 IS - 11 SP - 1779 EP - 1796 PB - Wiley-VCH CY - Weinheim ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Kubalski, T. A1 - Marinković, Marko A1 - Butenweg, Christoph ED - Modena, Claudio T1 - Numerical investigation of masonry infilled R.C. frames T2 - Brick and Block Masonry. Proceedings of the 16th International Brick and Block Masonry Conference, Padova, Italy, 26-30 June 2016 Y1 - 2016 SN - 9781315374963 SP - 1219 EP - 1226 PB - CRC Press CY - Leiden ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wulfhorst, Helene A1 - Duwe, Anna-Maria A1 - Merseburg, Johannes A1 - Tippkötter, Nils T1 - Compositional analysis of pretreated (beech) wood using differential scanning calorimetry and multivariate data analysis JF - Tetrahedron N2 - The composition of plant biomass varies depending on the feedstock and pre-treatment conditions and influences its processing in biorefineries. In order to ensure optimal process conditions, the quantitative proportion of the main polymeric components of the pre-treated biomass has to be determined. Current standard procedures for biomass compositional analysis are complex, the measurements are afflicted with errors and therefore often not comparable. Hence, new powerful analytical methods are urgently required to characterize biomass. In this contribution, Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) was applied in combination with multivariate data analysis (MVA) to detect the cellulose content of the plant biomass pretreated by Liquid Hot Water (LHW) and Organosolv processes under various conditions. Unlike conventional techniques, the developed analytic method enables the accurate quantification of monosaccharide content of the plant biomass without any previous sample preparation. It is easy to handle and avoids errors in sample preparation. Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tet.2016.04.029 VL - 72 IS - 46 SP - 7329 EP - 7334 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - CHAP A1 - König, Johannes Alexander A1 - Wolf, Martin R. T1 - A new definition of competence developing games - and a framework to assess them T2 - ACHI 2016 : The Ninth International Conference on Advances in Computer-Human Interactions N2 - There are different types of games that try to make use of the motivation of a gaming situation in learning contexts. This paper introduces the new terminology ‘Competence Developing Game’ (CDG) as an umbrella term for all games with this intention. Based on this new terminology, an assessment framework has been developed and validated in scope of an empirical study. Now, all different types of CDGs can be evaluated according to a defined and uniform set of assessment criteria and, thus, are comparable according to their characteristics and effectiveness. KW - Serious Games KW - Gamification KW - Business Simulations KW - Assessment Y1 - 2016 SN - 978-1-61208-468-8 N1 - Proceeding of the Ninth International Conference on Advances in Computer-Human Interactions (ACHI 2016), Venice. SP - 95 EP - 97 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Roth, J. A1 - Möhring, S. A1 - Tippkötter, Nils T1 - Characterization and evaluation of lignocellulosic biomass 130 hydrolysates for ABE fermentation T2 - New frontiers of biotech-processes (Himmelfahrtstagung) : 02-04 May 2016, Rhein-Mosel-Halle, Koblenz/Germany Y1 - 2016 SP - 130 PB - DECHEMA CY - Frankfurt am Main ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kowalski, Julia A1 - Linder, Peter A1 - Zierke, S. A1 - Wulfen, B. van A1 - Clemens, J. A1 - Konstantinidis, K. A1 - Ameres, G. A1 - Hoffmann, R. A1 - Mikucki, J. A1 - Tulaczyk, S. A1 - Funke, O. A1 - Blandfort, D. A1 - Espe, Clemens A1 - Feldmann, Marco A1 - Francke, Gero A1 - Hiecker, S. A1 - Plescher, Engelbert A1 - Schöngarth, Sarah A1 - Dachwald, Bernd A1 - Digel, Ilya A1 - Artmann, Gerhard A1 - Eliseev, D. A1 - Heinen, D. A1 - Scholz, F. A1 - Wiebusch, C. A1 - Macht, S. A1 - Bestmann, U. A1 - Reineking, T. A1 - Zetzsche, C. A1 - Schill, K. A1 - Förstner, R. A1 - Niedermeier, H. A1 - Szumski, A. A1 - Eissfeller, B. A1 - Naumann, U. A1 - Helbing, K. T1 - Navigation technology for exploration of glacier ice with maneuverable melting probes JF - Cold Regions Science and Technology N2 - The Saturnian moon Enceladus with its extensive water bodies underneath a thick ice sheet cover is a potential candidate for extraterrestrial life. Direct exploration of such extraterrestrial aquatic ecosystems requires advanced access and sampling technologies with a high level of autonomy. A new technological approach has been developed as part of the collaborative research project Enceladus Explorer (EnEx). The concept is based upon a minimally invasive melting probe called the IceMole. The force-regulated, heater-controlled IceMole is able to travel along a curved trajectory as well as upwards. Hence, it allows maneuvers which may be necessary for obstacle avoidance or target selection. Maneuverability, however, necessitates a sophisticated on-board navigation system capable of autonomous operations. The development of such a navigational system has been the focal part of the EnEx project. The original IceMole has been further developed to include relative positioning based on in-ice attitude determination, acoustic positioning, ultrasonic obstacle and target detection integrated through a high-level sensor fusion. This paper describes the EnEx technology and discusses implications for an actual extraterrestrial mission concept. Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coldregions.2015.11.006 SN - 0165-232X IS - 123 SP - 53 EP - 70 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Peloni, Alessandro A1 - Ceriotti, Matteo A1 - Dachwald, Bernd T1 - Solar-sail trajectory design for a multiple near-earth-asteroid rendezvous mission JF - Journal of Guidance, Control, and Dynamics N2 - The scientific interest for near-Earth asteroids as well as the interest in potentially hazardous asteroids from the perspective of planetary defense led the space community to focus on near-Earth asteroid mission studies. A multiple near-Earth asteroid rendezvous mission with close-up observations of several objects can help to improve the characterization of these asteroids. This work explores the design of a solar-sail spacecraft for such a mission, focusing on the search of possible sequences of encounters and the trajectory optimization. This is done in two sequential steps: a sequence search by means of a simplified trajectory model and a set of heuristic rules based on astrodynamics, and a subsequent optimization phase. A shape-based approach for solar sailing has been developed and is used for the first phase. The effectiveness of the proposed approach is demonstrated through a fully optimized multiple near-Earth asteroid rendezvous mission. The results show that it is possible to visit five near-Earth asteroids within 10 years with near-term solar-sail technology. Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.2514/1.G000470 SN - 0731-5090 VL - 39 IS - 12 SP - 2712 EP - 2724 PB - AIAA CY - Reston, Va. ER -