TY - CHAP A1 - Pfaff, Raphael A1 - Moshiri, Amir A1 - Reich, Alexander A1 - Gäbel, Markus T1 - Modelling of the effect of sanding on the wheel-rail adhesion area T2 - First International Conference on Rail Transportation Y1 - 2017 N1 - 2017 ICRT; International Conference on Rail Transportation <1, 2017, Chengdu, China> SP - 1 EP - 7 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Shahidi, Parham A1 - Pfaff, Raphael A1 - Enning, Manfred T1 - The connected wagon - a concept for the integration of vehicle side sensors and actors with cyber physical representation for condition based maintenance T2 - First International Conference on Rail Transportation Y1 - 2017 N1 - 2017 ICRT; International Conference on Rail Transportation <1, 2017, Chengdu, China> SP - 1 EP - 8 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Pfaff, Raphael A1 - Shahidi, Parham A1 - Enning, Manfred T1 - Connected freight rail rolling stock: a modular approach integrating sensors, actors and cyber physical systems for operational advantages and condition based maintenance T2 - Asia-Pacific Conference of the Prognostics and Health Management Society Y1 - 2017 N1 - Asia-Pacific Conference of the Prognostics and Health Management Society, Jeju, Korea 2017 SP - 1 EP - 7 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Pfaff, Raphael T1 - Analysis of Big Data Streams to obtain Braking Reliability Information for Train Protection systems T2 - Asia-Pacific Conference of the Prognostics and Health Management Society Y1 - 2017 N1 - Asia-Pacific Conference of the Prognostics and Health Management Society, Jeju, Korea 2017 SP - 1 EP - 7 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Miyamoto, Koichiro A1 - Seki, Kosuke A1 - Suto, Takeyuki A1 - Werner, Frederik A1 - Wagner, Torsten A1 - Schöning, Michael Josef A1 - Yoshinobu, Tatsuo T1 - Improved spatial resolution of the chemical imaging sensor with a hybrid illumination that suppresses lateral diffusion of photocarriers JF - Sensor and Actuators B: Chemical N2 - The chemical imaging sensor is a semiconductor-based chemical sensor capable of visualizing pH and ion distributions. The spatial resolution depends on the lateral diffusion of photocarriers generated by illumination of the semiconductor substrate. In this study, two types of optical setups, one based on a bundle of optical fibers and the other based on a binocular tube head, were developed to project a hybrid illumination of a modulated light beam and a ring-shaped constant illumination onto the sensor plate. An improved spatial resolution was realized by the ring-shaped constant illumination, which suppressed lateral diffusion of photocarriers by enhanced recombination due to the increased carrier concentration. Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.snb.2018.07.016 SN - 0925-4005 VL - 273 SP - 1328 EP - 1333 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Eckert, Alexander A1 - Rudolph, Tobias A1 - Guo, Jiaqi A1 - Mang, Thomas A1 - Walther, Andreas T1 - Exceptionally Ductile and Tough Biomimetic Artificial Nacre with Gas Barrier Function JF - Advanced Materials N2 - Synthetic mimics of natural high-performance structural materials have shown great and partly unforeseen opportunities for the design of multifunctional materials. For nacre-mimetic nanocomposites, it has remained extraordinarily challenging to make ductile materials with high stretchability at high fractions of reinforcements, which is however of crucial importance for flexible barrier materials. Here, highly ductile and tough nacre-mimetic nanocomposites are presented, by implementing weak, but many hydrogen bonds in a ternary nacre-mimetic system consisting of two polymers (poly(vinyl amine) and poly(vinyl alcohol)) and natural nanoclay (montmorillonite) to provide efficient energy dissipation and slippage at high nanoclay content (50 wt%). Tailored interactions enable exceptional combinations of ductility (close to 50% strain) and toughness (up to 27.5 MJ m⁻³). Extensive stress whitening, a clear sign of high internal dynamics at high internal cohesion, can be observed during mechanical deformation, and the materials can be folded like paper into origami planes without fracture. Overall, the new levels of ductility and toughness are unprecedented in highly reinforced bioinspired nanocomposites and are of critical importance to future applications, e.g., as barrier materials needed for encapsulation and as a printing substrate for flexible organic electronics. Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201802477 VL - 30 IS - 32 SP - Article number 1802477 PB - Wiley-VCH ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Lapitan, Denis G. A1 - Rogatkin, Dmitrii A. A1 - Persheyev, Sydulla K. A1 - Kotliar, Konstantin T1 - False spectra formation in the differential two-channel scheme of the laser Doppler flowmeter JF - Biomedizinische Technik N2 - Noise in the differential two-channel scheme of a classic laser Doppler flowmetry (LDF) instrument was studied. Formation of false spectral components in the output signal due to beating of electrical signals in the differential amplifier was found out. The improved block-diagram of the flowmeter was developed allowing to reduce the noise. Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1515/bmt-2017-0060 SN - 0013-5585 VL - 63 IS - 4 SP - 439 EP - 444 PB - De Gruyter CY - Berlin ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Röhlen, Desiree A1 - Pilas, Johanna A1 - Dahmen, Markus A1 - Keusgen, Michael A1 - Selmer, Thorsten A1 - Schöning, Michael Josef T1 - Toward a Hybrid Biosensor System for Analysis of Organic and Volatile Fatty Acids in Fermentation Processes JF - Frontiers in Chemistry N2 - Monitoring of organic acids (OA) and volatile fatty acids (VFA) is crucial for the control of anaerobic digestion. In case of unstable process conditions, an accumulation of these intermediates occurs. In the present work, two different enzyme-based biosensor arrays are combined and presented for facile electrochemical determination of several process-relevant analytes. Each biosensor utilizes a platinum sensor chip (14 × 14 mm²) with five individual working electrodes. The OA biosensor enables simultaneous measurement of ethanol, formate, d- and l-lactate, based on a bi-enzymatic detection principle. The second VFA biosensor provides an amperometric platform for quantification of acetate and propionate, mediated by oxidation of hydrogen peroxide. The cross-sensitivity of both biosensors toward potential interferents, typically present in fermentation samples, was investigated. The potential for practical application in complex media was successfully demonstrated in spiked sludge samples collected from three different biogas plants. Thereby, the results obtained by both of the biosensors were in good agreement to the applied reference measurements by photometry and gas chromatography, respectively. The proposed hybrid biosensor system was also used for long-term monitoring of a lab-scale biogas reactor (0.01 m³) for a period of 2 months. In combination with typically monitored parameters, such as gas quality, pH and FOS/TAC (volatile organic acids/total anorganic carbonate), the amperometric measurements of OA and VFA concentration could enhance the understanding of ongoing fermentation processes. Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fchem.2018.00284 IS - 6 PB - Frontiers CY - Lausanne ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Rodrigues, Raul T. A1 - Morais, Paulo V. A1 - Nordi, Cristina S. F. A1 - Schöning, Michael Josef A1 - Siqueira Jr., José R. A1 - Caseli, Luciano T1 - Carbon Nanotubes and Algal Polysaccharides To Enhance the Enzymatic Properties of Urease in Lipid Langmuir-Blodgett Films JF - Langmuir N2 - Algal polysaccharides (extracellular polysaccharides) and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were adsorbed on dioctadecyldimethylammonium bromide Langmuir monolayers to serve as a matrix for the incorporation of urease. The physicochemical properties of the supramolecular system as a monolayer at the air–water interface were investigated by surface pressure–area isotherms, surface potential–area isotherms, interfacial shear rheology, vibrational spectroscopy, and Brewster angle microscopy. The floating monolayers were transferred to hydrophilic solid supports, quartz, mica, or capacitive electrolyte–insulator–semiconductor (EIS) devices, through the Langmuir–Blodgett (LB) technique, forming mixed films, which were investigated by quartz crystal microbalance, fluorescence spectroscopy, and field emission gun scanning electron microscopy. The enzyme activity was studied with UV–vis spectroscopy, and the feasibility of the thin film as a urea sensor was essayed in an EIS sensor device. The presence of CNT in the enzyme–lipid LB film not only tuned the catalytic activity of urease but also helped to conserve its enzyme activity. Viability as a urease sensor was demonstrated with capacitance–voltage and constant capacitance measurements, exhibiting regular and distinctive output signals over all concentrations used in this work. These results are related to the synergism between the compounds on the active layer, leading to a surface morphology that allowed fast analyte diffusion owing to an adequate molecular accommodation, which also preserved the urease activity. This work demonstrates the feasibility of employing LB films composed of lipids, CNT, algal polysaccharides, and enzymes as EIS devices for biosensing applications. Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.langmuir.7b04317 SN - 1520-5827 VL - 34 IS - 9 SP - 3082 EP - 3093 PB - ACS Publications CY - Washington, DC ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Albanna, Walid A1 - Kotliar, Konstantin A1 - Lüke, Jan Niklas A1 - Alpdogan, Serdar A1 - Conzen, Catharina A1 - Lindauer, Ute A1 - Clusmann, Hans A1 - Hescheler, Jürgen A1 - Vilser, Walthard A1 - Schneider, Toni A1 - Schubert, Gerrit Alexander T1 - Non-invasive evaluation of neurovascular coupling in the murine retina by dynamic retinal vessel analysis JF - Plos one N2 - Background Impairment of neurovascular coupling (NVC) was recently reported in the context of subarachnoid hemorrhage and may correlate with disease severity and outcome. However, previous techniques to evaluate NVC required invasive procedures. Retinal vessels may represent an alternative option for non-invasive assessment of NVC. Methods A prototype of an adapted retinal vessel analyzer was used to assess retinal vessel diameter in mice. Dynamic vessel analysis (DVA) included an application of monochromatic flicker light impulses in predefined frequencies for evaluating NVC. All retinae were harvested after DVA and electroretinograms were performed. Results A total of 104 retinal scans were conducted in 21 male mice (90 scans). Quantitative arterial recordings were feasible only in a minority of animals, showing an emphasized reaction to flicker light impulses (8 mice; 14 scans). A characteristic venous response to flicker light, however, could observed in the majority of animals. Repeated measurements resulted in a significant decrease of baseline venous diameter (7 mice; 7 scans, p < 0.05). Ex-vivo electroretinograms, performed after in-vivo DVA, demonstrated a significant reduction of transretinal signaling in animals with repeated DVA (n = 6, p < 0.001). Conclusions To the best of our knowledge, this is the first non-invasive study assessing murine retinal vessel response to flicker light with characteristic changes in NVC. The imaging system can be used for basic research and enables the investigation of retinal vessel dimension and function in control mice and genetically modified animals. Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0204689 VL - 13 IS - 10 PB - PLOS CY - San Francisco ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Tekin, Nurettin A1 - Ashikaga, Mitsugu A1 - Horikawa, Atsushi A1 - Funke, Harald T1 - Enhancement of fuel flexibility of industrial gas turbines by development of innovative hydrogen combustion systems JF - Gas for energy N2 - For fuel flexibility enhancement hydrogen represents a possible alternative gas turbine fuel within future low emission power generation, in case of hydrogen production by the use of renewable energy sources such as wind energy or biomass. Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd. (KHI) has research and development projects for future hydrogen society; production of hydrogen gas, refinement and liquefaction for transportation and storage, and utilization with gas turbine / gas engine for the generation of electricity. In the development of hydrogen gas turbines, a key technology is the stable and low NOx hydrogen combustion, especially Dry Low Emission (DLE) or Dry Low NOx (DLN) hydrogen combustion. Due to the large difference in the physical properties of hydrogen compared to other fuels such as natural gas, well established gas turbine combustion systems cannot be directly applied for DLE hydrogen combustion. Thus, the development of DLE hydrogen combustion technologies is an essential and challenging task for the future of hydrogen fueled gas turbines. The DLE Micro-Mix combustion principle for hydrogen fuel has been in development for many years to significantly reduce NOx emissions. This combustion principle is based on cross-flow mixing of air and gaseous hydrogen which reacts in multiple miniaturized “diffusion-type” flames. The major advantages of this combustion principle are the inherent safety against flashback and the low NOx-emissions due to a very short residence time of the reactants in the flame region of the micro-flames. Y1 - 2018 IS - 2 PB - Vulkan-Verlag CY - Essen ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Fateri, Miranda A1 - Gebhardt, Andreas A1 - Renftle, Georg T1 - Additive manufacturing of drainage segments for cooling system of crucible melting furnaces T2 - Advanced Processing and Manufacturing Technologies for Structural and Multifunctional Materials II, International Symposium on Advanced Processing and Manufacturing Technologies for Structural and Multifunctional Materials, ICACC 15, 39th International Conference on Advanced Ceramics and Composites, Daytona Beach, FL, US, Jan 25-30, 2015 Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119211662.ch14 SN - 0196-6219 SP - 123 EP - 131 PB - Wiley CY - Hoboken ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Balakirski, Galina A1 - Kotliar, Konstantin A1 - Pauly, Karolin J. A1 - Krings, Laura K. A1 - Rübben, Albert A1 - Baron, Jens M. A1 - Schmitt, Laurenz T1 - Surgical Site Infections After Dermatologic Surgery in Immunocompromised Patients: A Single-Center Experience JF - Dermatologic Surgery N2 - BACKGROUND Immunosuppression is often considered as an indication for antibiotic prophylaxis to prevent surgical site infections (SSI) while performing skin surgery. However, the data on the risk of developing SSI after dermatologic surgery in immunosuppressed patients are limited. PATIENTS AND METHODS All patients of the Department of Dermatology and Allergology at the University Hospital of RWTH Aachen in Aachen, Germany, who underwent hospitalization for a dermatologic surgery between June 2016 and January 2017 (6 months), were followed up after surgery until completion of the wound healing process. The follow-up addressed the occurrence of SSI and the need for systemic antibiotics after the operative procedure. Immunocompromised patients were compared with immunocompetent patients. The investigation was conducted as a retrospective analysis of patient records. RESULTS The authors performed 284 dermatologic surgeries in 177 patients. Nineteen percent (54/284) of the skin surgery was performed on immunocompromised patients. The most common indications for surgical treatment were nonmelanoma skin cancer and malignant melanomas. Surgical site infections occurred in 6.7% (19/284) of the cases. In 95% (18/19), systemic antibiotic treatment was needed. Twenty-one percent of all SSI (4/19) were seen in immunosuppressed patients. CONCLUSION According to the authors' data, immunosuppression does not represent a significant risk factor for SSI after dermatologic surgery. However, larger prospective studies are needed to make specific recommendations on the use of antibiotic prophylaxis while performing skin surgery in these patients. The available data on complications after dermatologic surgery have improved over the past years. Particularly, additional risk factors have been identified for surgical site infections (SSI). Purulent surgical sites, older age, involvement of head, neck, and acral regions, and also the involvement of less experienced surgeons have been reported to increase the risk of the SSI after dermatologic surgeries.1 In general, the incidence of SSI after skin surgery is considered to be low.1,2 However, antibiotics in dermatologic surgeries, especially in the perioperative setting, seem to be overused,3,4 particularly regarding developing antibiotic resistances and side effects. Immunosuppression has been recommended to be taken into consideration as an additional indication for antibiotic prophylaxis to prevent SSI after skin surgery in special cases.5,6 However, these recommendations do not specify the exact dermatologic surgeries, and were not specifically developed for dermatologic surgery patients and treatments, but adopted from other surgical fields.6 According to the survey conducted on American College of Mohs Surgery members in 2012, 13% to 29% of the surgeons administered antibiotic prophylaxis to immunocompromised patients to prevent SSI while performing dermatologic surgery on noninfected skin,3 although this was not recommended by Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology Advisory Statement. Indeed, the data on the risk of developing SSI after dermatologic surgery in immunosuppressed patients are limited. However, it is possible that due to the insufficient evidence on the risk of SSI occurrence in this patient group, dermatologic surgeons tend to overuse perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis. To make specific recommendations on the use of antibiotic prophylaxis in immunosuppressed patients in the field of skin surgery, more information about the incidence of SSI after dermatologic surgery in these patients is needed. The aim of this study was to fill this data gap by investigating whether there is an increased risk of SSI after skin surgery in immunocompromised patients compared with immunocompetent patients. Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1097/DSS.0000000000001615 IS - 44 (12) SP - 1525 EP - 1536 PB - Wolters Kluwer ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Rittweger, Jörn A1 - Albracht, Kirsten A1 - Flück, Martin A1 - Ruoss, Severin A1 - Brocca, Lorenza A1 - Longa, Emanuela A1 - Moriggi, Manuela A1 - Seynnes, Olivier A1 - Di Giulio, Irene A1 - Tenori, Leonardo A1 - Vignoli, Alessia A1 - Capri, Miriam A1 - Gelfi, Cecilia A1 - Luchinat, Claudio A1 - Franceschi, Claudio A1 - Bottinelli, Roberto A1 - Cerretelli, Paolo A1 - Narici, Marco T1 - Sarcolab pilot study into skeletal muscle’s adaptation to longterm spaceflight JF - npj Microgravity Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41526-018-0052-1 SN - 2373-8065 VL - 4 IS - 1 SP - 1 EP - 9 PB - Nature Portfolio ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Ulmer, Jessica A1 - Braun, Sebastian A1 - Lai, Chow Yin A1 - Cheng, Chi-Tsun A1 - Wollert, Jörg T1 - Generic integration of VR and AR in product lifecycles based on CAD models T2 - Proceedings of The 23rd World Multi-Conference on Systemics, Cybernetics and Informatics: WMSCI 2019 Y1 - 2019 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Werkhausen, Amelie A1 - Cronin, Neil J. A1 - Albracht, Kirsten A1 - Bojsen-Møller, Jens A1 - Seynnes, Olivier R. T1 - Distinct muscle-tendon interaction during running at different speeds and in different loading conditions JF - Journal of Applied Physiology Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00710.2018 SN - 1522-1601 VL - 127 IS - 1 SP - 246 EP - 253 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Cordes, Sven A1 - Gligorevic, Snjezana A1 - Blicharski, Peter T1 - Analysis of sine precision influence on DOA estimation using the MUSIC algorithm T2 - 2019 20th International Radar Symposium (IRS) Y1 - 2019 SN - 978-3-7369-9860-5 U6 - https://doi.org/10.23919/IRS.2019.8768162 SP - 1 EP - 10 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Jildeh, Zaid B. A1 - Kirchner, Patrick A1 - Baltes, Klaus A1 - Wagner, Patrick H. A1 - Schöning, Michael Josef T1 - Development of an in-line evaporation unit for the production of gas mixtures containing hydrogen peroxide – numerical modeling and experimental results JF - International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer N2 - Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is a typical surface sterilization agent for packaging materials used in the pharmaceutical, food and beverage industries. We use the finite-elements method to analyze the conceptual design of an in-line thermal evaporation unit to produce a heated gas mixture of air and evaporated H2O2 solution. For the numerical model, the required phase-transition variables of pure H2O2 solution and of the aerosol mixture are acquired from vapor-liquid equilibrium (VLE) diagrams derived from vapor-pressure formulations. This work combines homogeneous single-phase turbulent flow with heat-transfer physics to describe the operation of the evaporation unit. We introduce the apparent heat-capacity concept to approximate the non-isothermal phase-transition process of the H2O2-containing aerosol. Empirical and analytical functions are defined to represent the temperature- and pressure-dependent material properties of the aqueous H2O2 solution, the aerosol and the gas mixture. To validate the numerical model, the simulation results are compared to experimental data on the heating power required to produce the gas mixture. This shows good agreement with the deviations below 10%. Experimental observations on the formation of deposits due to the evaporation of stabilized H2O2 solution fits the prediction made from simulation results. Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2019.118519 SN - 0017-9310 VL - 143 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Engemann, Heiko A1 - Badri, Sriram A1 - Wenning, Marius A1 - Kallweit, Stephan T1 - Implementation of an Autonomous Tool Trolley in a Production Line T2 - Advances in Service and Industrial Robotics. RAAD 2019. Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, vol 980 Y1 - 2019 SN - 978-3-030-19648-6 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-19648-6_14 SP - 117 EP - 125 PB - Springer CY - Cham ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schwarz, Alexander A1 - Gebhardt, Andreas A1 - Schleser, Markus A1 - Popoola, Patricia T1 - New Welding Joint Geometries Manufactured by Powder Bed Fusion from 316L JF - Materials Performance and Characterization 8 Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1520/MPC20180096 SN - 2379-1365 IS - in press ER -