TY  - JOUR
A1  - Topçu, Murat
A1  - Madabhushi, Gopal S.P.
A1  - Staat, Manfred
T1  - A generalized shear-lag theory for elastic stress transfer between matrix and fibres having a variable radius
JF  - International Journal of Solids and Structures
N2  - A generalized shear-lag theory for fibres with variable radius is developed to analyse elastic fibre/matrix stress transfer. The theory accounts for the reinforcement of biological composites, such as soft tissue and bone tissue, as well as for the reinforcement of technical composite materials, such as fibre-reinforced polymers (FRP). The original shear-lag theory proposed by Cox in 1952 is generalized for fibres with variable radius and with symmetric and asymmetric ends. Analytical solutions are derived for the distribution of axial and interfacial shear stress in cylindrical and elliptical fibres, as well as conical and paraboloidal fibres with asymmetric ends. Additionally, the distribution of axial and interfacial shear stress for conical and paraboloidal fibres with symmetric ends are numerically predicted. The results are compared with solutions from axisymmetric finite element models. A parameter study is performed, to investigate the suitability of alternative fibre geometries for use in FRP.
KW  - Natural fibres
KW  - Polymer-matrix composites
KW  - Biocomposites
KW  - Stress concentrations
KW  - Finite element analysis
Y1  - 2022
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2022.111464
SN  - 0020-7683
VL  - 239–240
IS  - Art. No. 111464
PB  - Elsevier
CY  - New York, NY
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Mandekar, Swati
A1  - Holland, Abigail
A1  - Thielen, Moritz
A1  - Behbahani, Mehdi
A1  - Melnykowycz, Mark
T1  - Advancing towards Ubiquitous EEG, Correlation of In-Ear EEG with Forehead EEG
JF  - Sensors
N2  - Wearable EEG has gained popularity in recent years driven by promising uses outside of clinics and research. The ubiquitous application of continuous EEG requires unobtrusive form-factors that are easily acceptable by the end-users. In this progression, wearable EEG systems have been moving from full scalp to forehead and recently to the ear. The aim of this study is to demonstrate that emerging ear-EEG provides similar impedance and signal properties as established forehead EEG. EEG data using eyes-open and closed alpha paradigm were acquired from ten healthy subjects using generic earpieces fitted with three custom-made electrodes and a forehead electrode (at Fpx) after impedance analysis. Inter-subject variability in in-ear electrode impedance ranged from 20 kΩ to 25 kΩ at 10 Hz. Signal quality was comparable with an SNR of 6 for in-ear and 8 for forehead electrodes. Alpha attenuation was significant during the eyes-open condition in all in-ear electrodes, and it followed the structure of power spectral density plots of forehead electrodes, with the Pearson correlation coefficient of 0.92 between in-ear locations ELE (Left Ear Superior) and ERE (Right Ear Superior) and forehead locations, Fp1 and Fp2, respectively. The results indicate that in-ear EEG is an unobtrusive alternative in terms of impedance, signal properties and information content to established forehead EEG.
KW  - in-ear EEG
KW  - correlation
KW  - forehead EEG
KW  - impedance spectroscopy
KW  - biopotential electrodes
Y1  - 2022
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22041568
SN  - 1424-8220
VL  - 22
IS  - 4
SP  - 1
EP  - 19
PB  - MDPI
CY  - Basel
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Defosse, Jerome
A1  - Kleinschmidt, Joris
A1  - Schmutz, Axel
A1  - Loop, Torsten
A1  - Staat, Manfred
A1  - Gatzweiler, Karl-Heinz
A1  - Wappler, Frank
A1  - Schieren, Mark
T1  - Dental strain on maxillary incisors during tracheal intubation with double-lumen tubes and different laryngoscopy techniques - a blinded manikin study
JF  - Journal of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia
KW  - anaesthetic complications
KW  - dental trauma
KW  - difficult airway
KW  - double-lumen tube intubation
KW  - videolaryngoscopy
Y1  - 2022
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1053/j.jvca.2022.02.017
SN  - 1053-0770
VL  - 36
IS  - 8, Part B
SP  - 3021
EP  - 3027
PB  - Elsevier
CY  - New York, NY
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Bhattarai, Aroj
A1  - May, Charlotte Anabell
A1  - Staat, Manfred
A1  - Kowalczyk, Wojciech
A1  - Tran, Thanh Ngoc
T1  - Layer-specific damage modeling of porcine large intestine under biaxial tension
JF  - Bioengineering
N2  - The mechanical behavior of the large intestine beyond the ultimate stress has never been investigated. Stretching beyond the ultimate stress may drastically impair the tissue microstructure, which consequently weakens its healthy state functions of absorption, temporary storage, and transportation for defecation. Due to closely similar microstructure and function with humans, biaxial tensile experiments on the porcine large intestine have been performed in this study. In this paper, we report hyperelastic characterization of the large intestine based on experiments in 102 specimens. We also report the theoretical analysis of the experimental results, including an exponential damage evolution function. The fracture energies and the threshold stresses are set as damage material parameters for the longitudinal muscular, the circumferential muscular and the submucosal collagenous layers. A biaxial tensile simulation of a linear brick element has been performed to validate the applicability of the estimated material parameters. The model successfully simulates the biomechanical response of the large intestine under physiological and non-physiological loads.
KW  - biaxial tensile experiment
KW  - anisotropy
KW  - hyperelastic
KW  - constitutive modeling
KW  - damage
Y1  - 2022
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering9100528
SN  - 2306-5354
N1  - Der Artikel gehört zum Sonderheft "Computational Biomechanics"
VL  - 9
IS  - 10, Early Access
SP  - 1
EP  - 17
PB  - MDPI
CY  - Basel
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Colombo, Daniele
A1  - Drira, Slah
A1  - Frotscher, Ralf
A1  - Staat, Manfred
T1  - An element-based formulation for ES-FEM and FS-FEM models for implementation in standard solid mechanics finite element codes for 2D and 3D static analysis
JF  - International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering
N2  - Edge-based and face-based smoothed finite element methods (ES-FEM and FS-FEM, respectively) are modified versions of the finite element method allowing to achieve more accurate results and to reduce sensitivity to mesh distortion, at least for linear elements. These properties make the two methods very attractive. However, their implementation in a standard finite element code is nontrivial because it requires heavy and extensive modifications to the code architecture. In this article, we present an element-based formulation of ES-FEM and FS-FEM methods allowing to implement the two methods in a standard finite element code with no modifications to its architecture. Moreover, the element-based formulation permits to easily manage any type of element, especially in 3D models where, to the best of the authors' knowledge, only tetrahedral elements are used in FS-FEM applications found in the literature. Shape functions for non-simplex 3D elements are proposed in order to apply FS-FEM to any standard finite element.
KW  - distorted element
KW  - ES-FEM
KW  - FS-FEM
KW  - non-simplex S-FEM elements
KW  - S-FEM
Y1  - 2022
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.7126
SN  - 1097-0207
VL  - 124
IS  - 2
SP  - 402
EP  - 433
PB  - Wiley
CY  - Chichester
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Kotliar, Konstantin
A1  - Ortner, Marion
A1  - Conradi, Anna
A1  - Hacker, Patricia
A1  - Hauser, Christine
A1  - Günthner, Roman
A1  - Moser, Michaela
A1  - Muggenthaler, Claudia
A1  - Diehl-Schmid, Janine
A1  - Priller, Josef
A1  - Schmaderer, Christoph
A1  - Grimmer, Timo
T1  - Altered retinal cerebral vessel oscillation frequencies in Alzheimer's disease compatible with impaired amyloid clearance
JF  - Neurobiology of Aging
N2  - Retinal vessels are similar to cerebral vessels in their structure and function. Moderately low oscillation frequencies of around 0.1 Hz have been reported as the driving force for paravascular drainage in gray matter in mice and are known as the frequencies of lymphatic vessels in humans. We aimed to elucidate whether retinal vessel oscillations are altered in Alzheimer's disease (AD) at the stage of dementia or mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Seventeen patients with mild-to-moderate dementia due to AD (ADD); 23 patients with MCI due to AD, and 18 cognitively healthy controls (HC) were examined using Dynamic Retinal Vessel Analyzer. Oscillatory temporal changes of retinal vessel diameters were evaluated using mathematical signal analysis. Especially at moderately low frequencies around 0.1 Hz, arterial oscillations in ADD and MCI significantly prevailed over HC oscillations and correlated with disease severity. The pronounced retinal arterial vasomotion at moderately low frequencies in the ADD and MCI groups would be compatible with the view of a compensatory upregulation of paravascular drainage in AD and strengthen the amyloid clearance hypothesis.
KW  - Alzheimer's disease
KW  - Retinal vessel analysis
KW  - Vasomotions
KW  - Pulsations
KW  - Mild cognitive impairment
Y1  - 2022
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2022.08.012
SN  - 0197-4580
VL  - 120
SP  - 117
EP  - 127
PB  - Elsevier
CY  - Amsterdam
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Bayer, Robin
A1  - Temiz Artmann, Aysegül
A1  - Digel, Ilya
A1  - Falkenstein, Julia
A1  - Artmann, Gerhard
A1  - Creutz, Till
A1  - Hescheler, Jürgen
T1  - Mechano-pharmacological testing of L-Type Ca²⁺ channel modulators via human vascular celldrum model
JF  - Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry
N2  - Background/Aims: This study aimed to establish a precise and well-defined working model, assessing pharmaceutical effects on vascular smooth muscle cell monolayer in-vitro. It describes various analysis techniques to determine the most suitable to measure the biomechanical impact of vasoactive agents by using CellDrum technology. Methods: The so-called CellDrum technology was applied to analyse the biomechanical properties of confluent human aorta muscle cells (haSMC) in monolayer. The cell generated tensions deviations in the range of a few N/m² are evaluated by the CellDrum technology. This study focuses on the dilative and contractive effects of L-type Ca²⁺ channel agonists and antagonists, respectively. We analyzed the effects of Bay K8644, nifedipine and verapamil. Three different measurement modes were developed and applied to determine the most appropriate analysis technique for the study purpose. These three operation modes are called, particular time mode" (PTM), "long term mode" (LTM) and "real-time mode" (RTM). Results: It was possible to quantify the biomechanical response of haSMCs to the addition of vasoactive agents using CellDrum technology. Due to the supplementation of 100nM Bay K8644, the tension increased approximately 10.6% from initial tension maximum, whereas, the treatment with nifedipine and verapamil caused a significant decrease in cellular tension: 10nM nifedipine decreased the biomechanical stress around 6,5% and 50nM verapamil by 2,8%, compared to the initial tension maximum. Additionally, all tested measurement modes provide similar results while focusing on different analysis parameters. Conclusion: The CellDrum technology allows highly sensitive biomechanical stress measurements of cultured haSMC monolayers. The mechanical stress responses evoked by the application of vasoactive calcium channel modulators were quantified functionally (N/m²). All tested operation modes resulted in equal findings, whereas each mode features operation-related data analysis.
Y1  - 2020
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.33594/000000225
SN  - 1421-9778
VL  - 54
SP  - 371
EP  - 383
PB  - Cell Physiol Biochem Press
CY  - Düsseldorf
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Akimbekov, Nuraly
A1  - Digel, Ilya
A1  - Abdieva, Gulzhamal
A1  - Ualieva, Perizat
A1  - Tastambek, Kuanysh
T1  - Lignite biosolubilization and bioconversion by Bacillus sp.: the collation of analytical data
JF  - Biofuels
N2  - The vast metabolic potential of microbes in brown coal (lignite) processing and utilization can greatly contribute to innovative approaches to sustainable production of high-value products from coal. In this study, the multi-faceted and complex coal biosolubilization process by Bacillus sp. RKB 7 isolate from the Kazakhstan coal-mining soil is reported, and the derived products are characterized. Lignite solubilization tests performed for surface and suspension cultures testify to the formation of numerous soluble lignite-derived substances. Almost 24% of crude lignite (5% w/v) was solubilized within 14 days under slightly alkaline conditions (pH 8.2). FTIR analysis revealed various functional groups in the obtained biosolubilization products. Analyses of the lignite-derived humic products by UV-Vis and fluorescence spectrometry as well as elemental analysis yielded compatible results indicating the emerging products had a lower molecular weight and degree of aromaticity. Furthermore, XRD and SEM analyses were used to evaluate the biosolubilization processes from mineralogical and microscopic points of view. The findings not only contribute to a deeper understanding of microbe–mineral interactions in coal environments, but also contribute to knowledge of coal biosolubilization and bioconversion with regard to sustainable production of humic substances. The detailed and comprehensive analyses demonstrate the huge biotechnological potential of Bacillus sp. for agricultural productivity and environmental health.
KW  - humic acid
KW  - Bacillus sp
KW  - lignite
KW  - Biosolubilization
Y1  - 2021
SN  - 1759-7277
VL  - 12
IS  - 3
SP  - 247
EP  - 258
PB  - Taylor & Francis
CY  - London
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Quittmann, Oliver J.
A1  - Abel, Thomas
A1  - Albracht, Kirsten
A1  - Meskemper, Joshua
A1  - Foitschik, Tina
A1  - Strüder, Heiko K.
T1  - Biomechanics of handcycling propulsion in a 30-min continuous load test at lactate threshold: Kinetics, kinematics, and muscular activity in able-bodied participants
JF  - European Journal of Applied Physiology
N2  - Purpose
This study aims to investigate the biomechanics of handcycling during a continuous load trial (CLT) to assess the mechanisms underlying fatigue in upper body exercise.

Methods
Twelve able-bodied triathletes performed a 30-min CLT at a power output corresponding to lactate threshold in a racing recumbent handcycle mounted on a stationary ergometer. During the CLT, ratings of perceived exertion (RPE), tangential crank kinetics, 3D joint kinematics, and muscular activity of ten muscles of the upper extremity and trunk were examined using motion capturing and surface electromyography.

Results
During the CLT, spontaneously chosen cadence and RPE increased, whereas crank torque decreased. Rotational work was higher during the pull phase. Peripheral RPE was higher compared to central RPE. Joint range of motion decreased for elbow-flexion and radial-duction. Integrated EMG (iEMG) increased in the forearm flexors, forearm extensors, and M. deltoideus (Pars spinalis). An earlier onset of activation was found for M. deltoideus (Pars clavicularis), M. pectoralis major, M. rectus abdominis, M. biceps brachii, and the forearm flexors.

Conclusion
Fatigue-related alterations seem to apply analogously in handcycling and cycling. The most distal muscles are responsible for force transmission on the cranks and might thus suffer most from neuromuscular fatigue. The findings indicate that peripheral fatigue (at similar lactate values) is higher in handcycling compared to leg cycling, at least for inexperienced participants. An increase in cadence might delay peripheral fatigue by a reduced vascular occlusion. We assume that the gap between peripheral and central fatigue can be reduced by sport-specific endurance training.
Y1  - 2020
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00421-020-04373-x
SN  - 1439-6327
IS  - 120
SP  - 1403
EP  - 1415
PB  - Springer
CY  - Heidelberg
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Pohle-Fröhlich, Regina
A1  - Dalitz, Christoph
A1  - Richter, Charlotte
A1  - Hahnen, Tobias
A1  - Stäudle, Benjamin
A1  - Albracht, Kirsten
T1  - Estimation of muscle fascicle orientation in ultrasonic images
T2  - VISIGRAPP 2020 - Proceedings of the 15th International Joint Conference on Computer Vision, Imaging and Computer Graphics Theory and Applications, 5
Y1  - 2020
SP  - 79
EP  - 86
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Knox, Ronald
A1  - Bruggemann, Andrea
A1  - Gossmann, Matthias
A1  - Thomas, Ulrich
A1  - Horváth, András
A1  - Dragicevic, Elena
A1  - Stoelzle-Feix, Sonja
A1  - Fertig, Niels
A1  - Jung, Alexander
A1  - Raman, Aravind Hariharan
A1  - Staat, Manfred
A1  - Linder, Peter
T1  - Combining physiological relevance and throughput for in vitro cardiac contractility measurement
JF  - Biophysical Journal
N2  - Despite increasing acceptance of human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs) in safety pharmacology, controversy remains about the physiological relevance of existing in vitro models for their mechanical testing. We hypothesize that existing signs of immaturity of the cell models result from an improper mechanical environment. We cultured hiPSC-CMs in a 96-well format on hyperelastic silicone membranes imitating their native mechanical environment, resulting in physiological responses to compound stimuli.We validated cell responses on the FLEXcyte 96, with a set of reference compounds covering a broad range of cellular targets, including ion channel modulators, adrenergic receptor modulators and kinase inhibitors. Acute (10 - 30 min) and chronic (up to 7 days) effects were investigated. Furthermore, the measurements were complemented with electromechanical models based on electrophysiological recordings of the used cell types.hiPSC-CMs were cultured on freely-swinging, ultra-thin and hyperelastic silicone membranes. The weight of the cell culture medium deflects the membranes downwards. Rhythmic contraction of the hiPSC-CMs resulted in dynamic deflection changes which were quantified by capacitive distance sensing. The cells were cultured for 7 days prior to compound addition. Acute measurements were conducted 10-30 minutes after compound addition in standard culture medium. For chronic treatment, compound-containing medium was replaced daily for up to 7 days. Electrophysiological properties of the employed cell types were recorded by automated patch-clamp (Patchliner) and the results were integrated into the electromechanical model of the system.Calcium channel agonist S Bay K8644 and beta-adrenergic stimulator isoproterenol induced significant positive inotropic responses without additional external stimulation. Kinase inhibitors displayed cardiotoxic effects on a functional level at low concentrations. The system-integrated analysis detected alterations in beating shape as well as frequency and arrhythmic events and we provide a quantitative measure of these.
Y1  - 2020
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bpj.2019.11.3104
SN  - 0006-3495
N1  - Raman, Arayind Hariharan 
im Artikel unter dem Namen: Raman, Alexander H.
VL  - 118
IS  - Issue 3, Supplement 1
SP  - 570a
PB  - Elsevier
CY  - Amsterdam
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Azat, Seitkhan
A1  - Kerimkulova, Almagul R.
A1  - Mansurov, Zulkhair A.
A1  - Adekenov, Sergazy
A1  - Artmann, Gerhard
T1  - The Use of Fusicoccin as Anticancer Compound
T2  - Carbon Nanomaterials in Biomedicine and the Environment
N2  - The problem of creation and use of sorption materials is of current interest for the practice of the modern medicine and agriculture. Practical importance is production of a biostimulant using a carbon sorbent for a significant increase in productivity, which is very relevant for the regions of Kazakhstan. It is known that a plant phytohormone—fusicoccin—in nanogram concentrations transforms cancer cells to the state of apoptosis. In this regard, there is a scientific practical interest in the development of a highly efficient method for producing fusicoccin from extract of germinated wheat seeds. According to the results of computer modeling, cleaning composite components of fusicoccin using microporous carbon adsorbents not suitable as the size of the molecule of fusicoccin more than micropores and the optimum pore size for purification of constituents of fusicoccin was determined by computer simulation.
Y1  - 2020
SN  - 978-0-429-42864-7
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780429428647-8
SP  - 149
EP  - 172
PB  - Jenny Stanford Publishing
CY  - New York
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Ermolaev, A.P.
A1  - Nivokov, I.A.
A1  - Melnikova, L.I.
A1  - Kotliar, Konstantin
T1  - Сравнительная характеристика химического состава витреального содержимого кадаверных глаз и глаз с рефрактерной терминальной глаукомой
T1  - Comparative characteristics of the chemical composition of vitreal contents of cadaver eyes and eyes with terminal refractory glaucoma
JF  - Vestnik oftalmologii
N2  - Purpose — to compare the chemical elemental composition of vitreous cavity content taken from cadaveric eyes compared to samples taken from the eyes with terminal stage refractory glaucoma with decompensated intraocular pressure (IOP). Material and methods. The vitreous contents of the eyes from 2 groups were studied. The 1st group included 15 cadaveric eyes; the 2nd group included 15 eyes with refractory glaucoma in the terminal stage of the disease with decompensated IOP in patients with hypertension pain. The vitreal content samples were taken in the course of antiglaucoma surgery aimed at preserving the eye as an organ and involving employment of drainage in the vitreous cavity. The study of virtual contents was carried out on energy dispersive spectrometer Oxford X-Max 50 integrated into scanning electron microscope Zeiss EVO LS10. Results. Increased concentrations of Kalium and Phosphorus were detected in the vitreous content of cadaveric eyes compared with the vitreal content from the eyes with terminal glaucoma with decompensated IOP taken in vivo (K — 0.172/0.093; P — 0.045/0.025 mmol/L). In the vitreous cavity in the eyes with end-stage glaucoma with decompensated IOP, the concentration of Nitrogen was higher in comparison with human cadaver eyes (2.030/1.424 mmol/L). Conclusion. The increased concentrations of Kalium and Phosphorus in the vitreous content of cadaveric eyes is associated with postmortem autolytic processes and with the release of intracellular content in the destruction of cell membranes. The increased Nitrogen concentration in the vitreal contents of the eyes with terminal stage glaucoma with decompensated IOP may be associated with the presence of osmotically active nitrogen-containing compounds in the eyes with increased IOP.
Y1  - 2018
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.17116/oftalma2018134051195
VL  - 5
IS  - 2
SP  - 195
EP  - 201
PB  - Media Sfera
CY  - Moskau
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Grundmann, Jan Thimo
A1  - Bauer, Wlademar
A1  - Borchers, Kai
A1  - Dumont, Etienne
A1  - Grimm, Christian D.
A1  - Ho, Tra-Mi
A1  - Jahnke, Rico
A1  - Koch, Aaron D.
A1  - Lange, Caroline
A1  - Maiwald, Volker
A1  - Meß, Jan-Gerd
A1  - Mikulz, Eugen
A1  - Quantius, Dominik
A1  - Reershemius, Siebo
A1  - Renger, Thomas
A1  - Sasaki, Kaname
A1  - Seefeldt, Patric
A1  - Spietz, Peter
A1  - Spröwitz, Tom
A1  - Sznajder, Maciej
A1  - Toth, Norbert
A1  - Ceriotti, Matteo
A1  - McInnes, Colin
A1  - Peloni, Alessandro
A1  - Biele, Jens
A1  - Krause, Christian
A1  - Dachwald, Bernd
A1  - Hercik, David
A1  - Lichtenheldt, Roy
A1  - Wolff, Friederike
A1  - Koncz, Alexander
A1  - Pelivan, Ivanka
A1  - Schmitz, Nicole
A1  - Boden, Ralf
A1  - Riemann, Johannes
A1  - Seboldt, Wolfgang
A1  - Wejmo, Elisabet
A1  - Ziach, Christian
A1  - Mikschl, Tobias
A1  - Montenegro, Sergio
A1  - Ruffer, Michael
A1  - Cordero, Federico
A1  - Tardivel, Simon
T1  - Solar sails for planetary defense & high-energy missions
T2  - IEEE Aerospace Conference Proceedings
N2  - 20 years after the successful ground deployment test of a (20 m) 2 solar sail at DLR Cologne, and in the light of the upcoming U.S. NEAscout mission, we provide an overview of the progress made since in our mission and hardware design studies as well as the hardware built in the course of our solar sail technology development. We outline the most likely and most efficient routes to develop solar sails for useful missions in science and applications, based on our developed `now-term' and near-term hardware as well as the many practical and managerial lessons learned from the DLR-ESTEC Gossamer Roadmap. Mission types directly applicable to planetary defense include single and Multiple NEA Rendezvous ((M)NR) for precursor, monitoring and follow-up scenarios as well as sail-propelled head-on retrograde kinetic impactors (RKI) for mitigation. Other mission types such as the Displaced L1 (DL1) space weather advance warning and monitoring or Solar Polar Orbiter (SPO) types demonstrate the capability of near-term solar sails to achieve asteroid rendezvous in any kind of orbit, from Earth-coorbital to extremely inclined and even retrograde orbits. Some of these mission types such as SPO, (M)NR and RKI include separable payloads. For one-way access to the asteroid surface, nanolanders like MASCOT are an ideal match for solar sails in micro-spacecraft format, i.e. in launch configurations compatible with ESPA and ASAP secondary payload platforms. Larger landers similar to the JAXA-DLR study of a Jupiter Trojan asteroid lander for the OKEANOS mission can shuttle from the sail to the asteroids visited and enable multiple NEA sample-return missions. The high impact velocities and re-try capability achieved by the RKI mission type on a final orbit identical to the target asteroid's but retrograde to its motion enables small spacecraft size impactors to carry sufficient kinetic energy for deflection.
Y1  - 2019
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/AERO.2019.8741900
N1  - AERO 2019; Big Sky; United States; 2 March 2019 through 9 March 2019
SP  - 1
EP  - 21
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Werkhausen, Amelie
A1  - Cronin, Neil J.
A1  - Albracht, Kirsten
A1  - Bojsen-Møller, Jens
A1  - Seynnes, Olivier R.
T1  - Distinct muscle-tendon interaction during running at different speeds and in different loading conditions
JF  - Journal of Applied Physiology
Y1  - 2019
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00710.2018
SN  - 1522-1601
VL  - 127
IS  - 1
SP  - 246
EP  - 253
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Attar, Mandana Hossein Zadeh
A1  - Merk, Hans F.
A1  - Kotliar, Konstantin
A1  - Wurpts, Gerda
A1  - Röseler, Stefani
A1  - Moll-Slodowy, Silke
A1  - Plange, Johann
A1  - Baron, Jens Malte
A1  - Balakirski, Galina
T1  - The CD63 basophil activation test as a diagnostic tool for assessing autoimmunity in patients with chronic spontaneous urticaria
JF  - European Journal of Dermatology
Y1  - 2019
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1684/ejd.2019.3680
VL  - 29
IS  - 6
SP  - 614
EP  - 618
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Malik, A. M.
A1  - Abdieva, G. Zh.
A1  - Ualieva, P. S.
A1  - Zhubanova, A. A.
A1  - Temiz Artmann, Aysegül
T1  - CКPИНИНГ МИКPOOPГAНИЗМOВ-ДECТPУКТOPOВ XЛOРOPГAНИЧECКИX ЗAГPЯЗНИТEЛEЙ
T1  - Screening of microorganisms – destructors of chlororganic pollutants
JF  - Eurasian Journal of Ecology
Y1  - 2019
SN  - 2617-7358
VL  - 61
IS  - 4
SP  - 61
EP  - 71
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Smith, Wayne
A1  - Kotliar, Konstantin
A1  - Lammertyn, Leandi
A1  - Ramoshaba, Nthai E.
A1  - Vilser, Walthard
A1  - Huisman, Hugo W.
A1  - Schutte, Aletta E.
T1  - Retinal vessel caliber and caliber responses in true normotensive black and white adults: The African-PREDICT study
JF  - Microvascular Research
N2  - Purpose
Globally, a detrimental shift in cardiovascular disease risk factors and a higher mortality level are reported in some black populations. The retinal microvasculature provides early insight into the pathogenesis of systemic vascular diseases, but it is unclear whether retinal vessel calibers and acute retinal vessel functional responses differ between young healthy black and white adults.

Methods
We included 112 black and 143 white healthy normotensive adults (20–30 years). Retinal vessel calibers (central retinal artery and vein equivalent (CRAE and CRVE)) were calculated from retinal images and vessel caliber responses to flicker light induced provocation (FLIP) were determined. Additionally, ambulatory blood pressure (BP), anthropometry and blood samples were collected.

Results
The groups displayed similar 24 h BP profiles and anthropometry (all p > .24). Black participants demonstrated a smaller CRAE (158 ± 11 vs. 164 ± 11 MU, p < .001) compared to the white group, whereas CRVE was similar (p = .57). In response to FLIP, artery maximal dilation was greater in the black vs. white group (5.6 ± 2.1 vs. 3.3 ± 1.8%; p < .001).

Conclusions
Already at a young age, healthy black adults showed narrower retinal arteries relative to the white population. Follow-up studies are underway to show if this will be related to increased risk for hypertension development. The reason for the larger vessel dilation responses to FLIP in the black population is unclear and warrants further investigation.
Y1  - 2020
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mvr.2019.103937
SN  - 0026-2862
VL  - 128
IS  - Article 103937
PB  - Elsevier
CY  - Amsterdam
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Streese, Lukas
A1  - Kotliar, Konstantin
A1  - Deiseroth, Arne
A1  - Infanger, Denis
A1  - Gugleta, Konstantin
A1  - Schmaderer, Christoph
A1  - Hanssen, Henner
T1  - Retinal endothelial function in cardiovascular risk patients: A randomized controlled exercise trial
JF  - Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports
N2  - The aim of this study was to investigate, for the first time, the effects of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on retinal microvascular endothelial function in cardiovascular (CV) risk patients. In the randomized controlled trial, middle-aged and previously sedentary patients with increased CV risk (aged 58 ± 6 years) with ≥ two CV risk factors were randomized into a 12-week HIIT (n = 33) or control group (CG, n = 36) with standard physical activity recommendations. A blinded examiner measured retinal endothelial function by flicker light-induced maximal arteriolar (ADmax) and venular (VDmax) dilatation as well as the area under the arteriolar (AFarea) and venular (VFarea) flicker curve using a retinal vessel analyzer. Standardized assessments of CV risk factors, cardiorespiratory fitness, and retinal endothelial function were performed before and after HIIT. HIIT reduced body mass index, fat mass, and low-density lipoprotein and increased muscle mass and peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak). Both ADmax (pre: 2.7 ± 2.1%, post: 3.0 ± 2.2%, P = .018) and AFarea (pre: 32.6 ± 28.4%*s, post: 37.7 ± 30.6%*s, P = .016) increased after HIIT compared with CG (ADmax, pre: 3.2 ± 1.8%, post: 2.9 ± 1.8%, P = .254; AFarea, pre: 41.6 ± 28.5%*s, post: 37.8 ± 27.0%*s, P = .186). Venular function remained unchanged after HIIT. There was a significant association between ∆-change VO2peak and ∆-changes ADmax and AFarea (P = .026, R² = 0.073; P = .019, R² = 0.081, respectively). 12-weeks of HIIT improved retinal endothelial function in middle-aged patients with increased CV risk independent of the reduction in classical CV risk factors. Exercise has the potential to reverse or at least postpone progression of small vessel disease in older adults with increased CV risk under standard medication. Dynamic retinal vessel analysis seems to be a sensitive tool to detect treatment effects of exercise interventions on retinal microvascular endothelial function in middle-aged individuals with increased CV risk.
Y1  - 2020
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/sms.13560
SN  - 1600-0838
VL  - 30
IS  - 2
SP  - 272
EP  - 280
PB  - Wiley
CY  - Oxford
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Hamou, Hussam Aldin
A1  - Kotliar, Konstantin
A1  - Tan, Sonny Kian
A1  - Weiß, Christel
A1  - Blume, Christian
A1  - Clusmann, Hans
A1  - Schubert, Gerrit Alexander
A1  - Albanna, Walid
T1  - Surgical nuances and placement of subgaleal drains for supratentorial procedures—a prospective analysis of efficacy and outcome in 150 craniotomies
JF  - Acta Neurochirurgica
N2  - Background
For supratentorial craniotomy, surgical access, and closure technique, including placement of subgaleal drains, may vary considerably. The influence of surgical nuances on postoperative complications such as cerebrospinal fluid leakage or impaired wound healing overall remains largely unclear. With this study, we are reporting our experiences and the impact of our clinical routines on outcome in a prospectively collected data set.

Method
We prospectively observed 150 consecutive patients undergoing supratentorial craniotomy and recorded technical variables (type/length of incision, size of craniotomy, technique of dural and skin closure, type of dressing, and placement of subgaleal drains). Outcome variables (subgaleal hematoma/CSF collection, periorbital edema, impairment of wound healing, infection, and need for operative revision) were recorded at time of discharge and at late follow-up.

Results
Early subgaleal fluid collection was observed in 36.7% (2.8% at the late follow-up), and impaired wound healing was recorded in 3.3% of all cases, with an overall need for operative revision of 6.7%. Neither usage of dural sealants, lack of watertight dural closure, and presence of subgaleal drains, nor type of skin closure or dressing influenced outcome. Curved incisions, larger craniotomy, and tumor size, however, were associated with an increase in early CSF or hematoma collection (p < 0.0001, p = 0.001, p < 0.01 resp.), and larger craniotomy size was associated with longer persistence of subgaleal fluid collections (p < 0.05).

Conclusions
Based on our setting, individual surgical nuances such as the type of dural closure and the use of subgaleal drains resulted in a comparable complication rate and outcome. Subgaleal fluid collections were frequently observed after supratentorial procedures, irrespective of the closing technique employed, and resolve spontaneously in the majority of cases without significant sequelae. Our results are limited due to the observational nature in our single-center study and need to be validated by supportive prospective randomized design.
Y1  - 2020
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00701-019-04196-6
SN  - 0942-0940
VL  - 2020
IS  - 162
SP  - 729
EP  - 736
PB  - Springer Nature
CY  - Cham
ER  -