TY  - JOUR
A1  - Al-Kaidy, Huschyar
A1  - Kuthan, Kai
A1  - Hering, Thomas
A1  - Tippkötter, Nils
T1  - Aqueous droplets used as enzymatic microreactors and their electromagnetic actuation
JF  - Journal of Visualized Experiments
N2  - For the successful implementation of microfluidic reaction systems, such as PCR and electrophoresis, the movement of small liquid volumes is essential. In conventional lab-on-a-chip-platforms, solvents and samples are passed through defined microfluidic channels with complex flow control installations. The droplet actuation platform presented here is a promising alternative. With it, it is possible to move a liquid drop (microreactor) on a planar surface of a reaction platform (lab-in-a-drop). The actuation of microreactors on the hydrophobic surface of the platform is based on the use of magnetic forces acting on the outer shell of the liquid drops which is made of a thin layer of superhydrophobic magnetite particles. The hydrophobic surface of the platform is needed to avoid any contact between the liquid core and the surface to allow a smooth movement of the microreactor. On the platform, one or more microreactors with volumes of 10 µL can be positioned and moved simultaneously. The platform itself consists of a 3 x 3 matrix of electrical double coils which accommodate either neodymium or iron cores. The magnetic field gradients are automatically controlled. By variation of the magnetic field gradients, the microreactors' magnetic hydrophobic shell can be manipulated automatically to move the microreactor or open the shell reversibly. Reactions of substrates and corresponding enzymes can be initiated by merging the microreactors or bringing them into contact with surface immobilized catalysts.
Y1  - 2016
U6  - https://doi.org/10.3791/54643
SN  - 1940-087X
IS  - Issue 126
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Wu, Ziyi
A1  - Kemper, Hans
T1  - The optimal 48 V – battery pack for a specific load profile of a heavy duty vehicle
T2  - 8. Internationale Fachtagung Kraftwerk Batterie : 26. – 27. April 2016, Münster, Deutschland
Y1  - 2016
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Neu, Eugen
A1  - Janser, Frank
A1  - Khatibi, Akbar A.
A1  - Orifici, Adrian C.
T1  - In-flight vibration-based structural health monitoring of aircraft wings
T2  - 30th Congress of the internatonal council of the aeronautical sciences : 25.-30. September 2016, Daejeon, Korea
N2  - This work presents a methodology for automated
damage-sensitive feature extraction and anomaly
detection under multivariate operational variability
for in-flight assessment of wings. The
method uses a passive excitation approach, i. e.
without the need for artificial actuation. The
modal system properties (natural frequencies and
damping ratios) are used as damage-sensitive
features. Special emphasis is placed on the use
of Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) sensing technology
and the consideration of Operational and
Environmental Variability (OEV). Measurements
from a wind tunnel investigation with a composite
cantilever equipped with FBG and piezoelectric
sensors are used to successfully detect an impact
damage. In addition, the feasibility of damage
localisation and severity estimation is evaluated
based on the coupling found between damageand
OEV-induced feature changes.
Y1  - 2016
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Barnat, Miriam
A1  - Bosse, Elke
T1  - The challenge of creating meta-inferences: Combining data representing institutional and individual perspectives on first-year support in higher education
T2  - 9th Conference on Social Science Methodology of the International Sociological Association, Leicester, UK
Y1  - 2016
N1  - RC33 Conference 2016
SP  - 1
EP  - 20
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Kleine, Harald
A1  - Kallweit, Stephan
A1  - Michaux, Frank
A1  - Havermann, Marc
A1  - Olivier, Herbert
T1  - PIV Measurement of Shock Wave Diffraction
T2  - 18th International Symposium on Applications of Laser Techniques to Fluid Mechanics, 2016, Lissabon
Y1  - 2016
SP  - 1
EP  - 14
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Schleupen, Josef
A1  - Engemann, Heiko
A1  - Bagheri, Mohsen
A1  - Kallweit, Stephan
T1  - The potential of SMART climbing robot combined with a weatherproof cabin for rotor blade maintenance
T2  - 17th European Conference on Composite Materials – ECCM, Munich, Germany
Y1  - 2016
N1  - ECCM 17
SP  - 1
EP  - 8
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Paulßen, Elisabeth
A1  - Lengkeek, Nigel A.
A1  - Le, Van So
A1  - Pellegrini, Paul A.
A1  - Greguric, Ivan
A1  - Weiner, Ron
T1  - The role of additives in moderating the influence of Fe(III) and Cu(II) on the radiochemical yield of [⁶⁸Ga(DOTATATE)]
JF  - Applied Radiation and Isotopes
N2  - [⁶⁸Ga(DOTATATE)] has demonstrated its clinical usefulness. Both Fe³⁺ and Cu²⁺, potential contaminants in Gallium-68 generator eluent, substantially reduce the radiochemical (RC) yield of [⁶⁸Ga(DOTATATE)] if the metal/ligand ratio of 1:1 is exceeded. A variety of compounds were examined for their potential ability to reduce this effect. Most had no effect on RC yield. However, addition of phosphate diminished the influence of Fe³⁺ by likely forming an insoluble iron salt. Addition of ascorbic acid reduced Cu²⁺ and Fe³⁺ to Cu⁺ and Fe²⁺ respectively, both of which have limited impact on RC yields. At low ligand amounts (5 nmol DOTATATE), the addition of 30 nmol phosphate (0.19 mM) increased the tolerance of Fe3⁺ from 4 nmol to 10 nmol (0.06 mM), while the addition of ascorbic acid allowed high RC yields (>95%) in the presence of 40 nmol Fe³⁺ (0.25 mM) and 100 nmol Cu²⁺ (0.63 mM). The effect of ascorbic acid was highly pH-dependant, and gave optimal results at pH 3.
Y1  - 2016
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apradiso.2015.09.008
SN  - 1872-9800
VL  - 107
SP  - 13
EP  - 16
PB  - Elsevier
CY  - Amsterdam
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Infantino, Angelo
A1  - Paulßen, Elisabeth
A1  - Mostacci, Domiziano
A1  - Schaffer, Paul
A1  - Trinczek, Michael
A1  - Hoehr, Cornelia
T1  - Assessment of the production of medical isotopes using the Monte Carlo code FLUKA: Simulations against experimental measurements
JF  - Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms
N2  - The Monte Carlo code FLUKA is used to simulate the production of a number of positron emitting radionuclides, ¹⁸F, ¹³N, ⁹⁴Tc, ⁴⁴Sc, ⁶⁸Ga, ⁸⁶Y, ⁸⁹Zr, ⁵²Mn, ⁶¹Cu and ⁵⁵Co, on a small medical cyclotron with a proton beam energy of 13 MeV. Experimental data collected at the TR13 cyclotron at TRIUMF agree within a factor of 0.6 ± 0.4 with the directly simulated data, except for the production of ⁵⁵Co, where the simulation underestimates the experiment by a factor of 3.4 ± 0.4. The experimental data also agree within a factor of 0.8 ± 0.6 with the convolution of simulated proton fluence and cross sections from literature. Overall, this confirms the applicability of FLUKA to simulate radionuclide production at 13 MeV proton beam energy.
Y1  - 2016
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nimb.2015.10.067
SN  - 1872-9584
VL  - 366
SP  - 117
EP  - 123
PB  - Elsevier
CY  - Amsterdam
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Wilke, Thomas
ED  - Merlotti, Andrea
T1  - Planning Process of the Di Castellamonte’s Chapel of the Holy Shroud
T2  - Carlo e Amedeo di Castellamonte : 1571-1683, ingegneri e architetti per i duchi di Savoia
Y1  - 2016
SN  - 978-88-98229-57-4
N1  - Architettura e potere ; 4
SP  - 141
EP  - 152
PB  - Campisano editore
CY  - Rom
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Teixeira Boura, Cristiano José
A1  - Niederwestberg, Stefan
A1  - McLeod, Jacqueline
A1  - Herrmann, Ulf
A1  - Hoffschmidt, Bernhard
T1  - Development of heat exchanger for high temperature energy storage with bulk materials
T2  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2016
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4949106
VL  - 1734
IS  - 1
SP  - 050008-1
EP  - 050008-7
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Bernecker, Andreas
T1  - Divided we reform? Evidence from US welfare policies
JF  - Journal of Public Economics
N2  - Divided government is often thought of as causing legislative deadlock. I investigate the link between divided government and economic reforms using a novel data set on welfare reforms in US states between 1978 and 2010. Panel data regressions show that, under divided government, a US state is around 25% more likely to adopt a welfare reform than under unified government. Several robustness checks confirm this counter-intuitive finding. Case study evidence suggests an explanation based on policy competition between governor, senate, and house.
Y1  - 2016
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpubeco.2016.08.003
SN  - 0047-2727
VL  - 142
SP  - 24
EP  - 38
PB  - Elsevier
CY  - Amsterdam
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Matcha, Heike
ED  - Herneoja, Aulikki
ED  - Österlund, Toni
ED  - Markkanen, Piia
T1  - From Designing Buildings from Systems to Designing Systems for Buildings
T2  - Complexity & Simplicity - Proceedings of the 34th eCAADe Conference - Volume 1
N2  - We study the novel possibilities computer aided design and production open up for the design of building systems. Such systems today can, via individualized mass production, consist of a larger number and more complex parts than previously and therefore be assembled into more complex wholes. This opens up the possibility of designing specialized systems specifically for single buildings. The common order of starting with a building system and designing a building using this system can be reversed to designing a building first and then developing a system specifically for that building. We present and discuss research that incorporates students design projects into research work and fosters links between research and teaching.
KW  - Building Systems
KW  - Parametric Design
KW  - Parametric Modelling
KW  - Structuralist Architecture
Y1  - 2016
U6  - https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2016.1.237
N1  - Proceedings of the 34th eCAADe Conference, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland, 22-26 August 2016.
SP  - 237
EP  - 240
PB  - ECAADe
CY  - Oulu, Finland
ER  - 
TY  - THES
A1  - Frotscher, Ralf
T1  - Electromechanical modeling and simulation of thin cardiac tissue constructs - smoothed FEM applied to a biomechanical plate problem
Y1  - 2016
N1  - Duisburg, Essen, Universität Duisburg-Essen, Diss., 2016
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Rausch, Lea
A1  - Leise, Philipp
A1  - Ederer, Thorsten
A1  - Altherr, Lena
A1  - Pelz, Peter F.
ED  - Papadrakakis, M.
ED  - Ppadopoulos, V.
ED  - Stefanou, G.
ED  - Plevris, V.
T1  - A comparison of MILP and MINLP solver performance on the example of a drinking water supply system design problem
T2  - ECCOMAS Congress 2016 VII European Congress on Computational Methods in Applied Sciences and Engineering
N2  - Finding a good system topology with more than a handful of components is a
highly non-trivial task. The system needs to be able to fulfil all expected load cases, but at the
same time the components should interact in an energy-efficient way. An example for a system
design problem is the layout of the drinking water supply of a residential building. It may be
reasonable to choose a design of spatially distributed pumps which are connected by pipes in at
least two dimensions. This leads to a large variety of possible system topologies. To solve such
problems in a reasonable time frame, the nonlinear technical characteristics must be modelled
as simple as possible, while still achieving a sufficiently good representation of reality. The
aim of this paper is to compare the speed and reliability of a selection of leading mathematical
programming solvers on a set of varying model formulations. This gives us empirical evidence
on what combinations of model formulations and solver packages are the means of choice with the current state of the art.
KW  - Technical Operations Research
KW  - Mixed-Integer Nonlinear Optimisation
KW  - Solver Per- formance
KW  - Drinking Water Supply
KW  - System Design Problem
Y1  - 2016
SN  - 978-618-82844-0-1
N1  - ECCOMAS Congress 2016
VII European Congress on Computational Methods in Applied Sciences and Engineering, 5–10 June 2016.Crete Island, Greece
SP  - 8509
EP  - 8527
ER  - 
TY  - BOOK
A1  - Altherr, Lena
T1  - Algorithmic System Design under Consideration of Dynamic Processes
N2  - Nach Stand von Wissenschaft und Technik werden Komponenten hinsichtlich ihrer Eigenschaften, wie Lebensdauer oder Energieeffizienz, optimiert. Allerdings können selbst hervorragende Komponenten zu ineffizienten oder instabilen Systemen führen, wenn ihr Zusammenspiel nur unzureichend berücksichtigt wird. Eine Systembetrachtung schafft ein größeres Optimierungspotential - dem erhöhten Potential steht jedoch auch ein erhöhter Komplexitätsgrad gegenüber. Die vorliegende Arbeit ist im Rahmen des Sonderforschungsbereichs 805 entstanden, dessen Ziel die Beherrschung von Unsicherheit in Systemen des Maschinenbaus ist. Die Arbeit zeigt anhand eines realen Systems aus dem Bereich der Hydraulik, wie Unsicherheit in der Entwicklungsphase beherrscht werden kann. Hierbei ist neu, dass die durch den späteren Betrieb zu erwartende Systemdegradation eines jeden möglichen Systemvorschlags antizipiert werden kann. Dadurch können Betriebs- und Wartungskosten vorausgesagt und minimiert werden und durch eine optimale Betriebs- und Wartungsstrategie die Verfügbarkeit des Systems garantiert werden. Wesentliche Fragen bei der optimalen Auslegung des betrachteten hydrostatischen Getriebes sind dessen physikalische Modellierung, die Darstellung des Optimierungsproblems als gemischt-ganzzahliges lineares Programm, und dessen algorithmische Behandlung zur Lösungsfindung. Hierzu werden Heuristiken zum schnelleren Auffinden sinnvoller Systemtopologien vorgestellt und mittels mathematischer Dekomposition eine Bewertung des dynamischen Verschleiß- und Wartungsverlaufs möglicher Systemvorschläge vorgenommen. Die Arbeit stellt die Optimierung technischer Systeme an der Schnittstelle von Mathematik, Informatik und Ingenieurwesen sowohl gründlich als auch anschaulich und nachvollziehbar dar.
KW  - Mixed Integer Programming
KW  - Technical Operations Research
KW  - Optimization
KW  - System Design
Y1  - 2016
SN  - 978-3-8440-4848-3
PB  - Shaker
CY  - Aachen
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Altherr, Lena
A1  - Ederer, Thorsten
A1  - Lorenz, Ulf
A1  - Pelz, Peter F.
A1  - Pöttgen, Philipp
ED  - Lübbecke, Marco E.
ED  - Koster, Arie
ED  - Letmathe, Peter
ED  - Madlener, Reihard
ED  - Preis, Britta
ED  - Walther, Grit
T1  - Designing a feedback control system via mixed-integer programming
T2  - Operations Research Proceedings 2014: Selected Papers of the Annual International Conference of the German Operations Research
N2  - Pure analytical or experimental methods can only find a control strategy for technical systems with a fixed setup. In former contributions we presented an approach that simultaneously finds the optimal topology and the optimal open-loop control of a system via Mixed Integer Linear Programming (MILP). In order to extend this approach by a closed-loop control we present a Mixed Integer Program for a time discretized tank level control. This model is the basis for an extension by combinatorial decisions and thus for the variation of the network topology. Furthermore, one is able to appraise feasible solutions using the global optimality gap.
KW  - Optimal Topology
KW  - Controller Parameter
KW  - Level Control System
KW  - Technical Operation Research
KW  - Optimal Closed Loop
Y1  - 2016
SN  - 978-3-319-28695-2
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-28697-6_18
SP  - 121
EP  - 127
PB  - Springer
CY  - Cham
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Leicht-Scholten, Carmen
A1  - Steuer-Dankert, Linda
A1  - Bouffier, Anna
T1  - Facing Future Challenges: Building Engineers for Tomorrow
T2  - Conference proceedings : new perspectives in science education : 5th Conference edition, Florence, Italy, 17-18 March 2016
N2  - Future engineers are increasingly confronted with the so-called Megatrends which are the big social challenges society has to cope with. These Megatrends, such as “Silver Society”, “Globalization”, “Mobility” and “Female Shift” require an application-oriented perspective on Diversity especially in the engineering field. Therefore, it is necessary to enable future engineers not only to look at the technical perspectives of a problem, but also to be able to see the related questions within societies they are developing their artefacts for. The aim of teaching engineering should be to prepare engineers for these requirements and to draw attention to the diverse needs in a globalized world.
Bringing together technical knowledge and social competences which go beyond a mere training of the so-called “soft skills”, is a new approach followed at RWTH Aachen University, one of the leading technical universities in Germany. RWTH Aachen University has established the bridging professorship “Gender and Diversity in Engineering” (GDI) which educates engineers with an interdisciplinary approach to expand engineering limits. In the frame of a sustainable teaching concept the research group under the leadership of Prof. Carmen Leicht-Scholten has developed an approach which imparts a supplication-specific Gender and Diversity expertise to engineers. In workshops students gain theoretical knowledge about Gender and Diversity and learn how to transfer their knowledge in their special field of study and later work. To substantiate this, the course participants have to solve case studies from real life. The cases which are developed in collaboration with non-profit organizations and enterprises from economy rise the students to challenges which are inspired by professional life. Evaluation shows the success of this approach as well as an increasing demand for such teaching formats.
KW  - Diversity
KW  - Engineering Education
KW  - Gender
KW  - Higher Education
Y1  - 2016
SN  - 978-886292-705-5
SP  - 32
EP  - 37
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Steuer-Dankert, Linda
A1  - Leicht-Scholten, Carmen
T1  - Social responsibility and innovation - Key competencies for engineers
T2  - ICERI 2016: 9th International Conference of Education, Research and Innovation: Conference Proceedings : Seville (Spain), 14-16 November
N2  - Engineers are of particular importance for the societies of tomorrow. The big social challenges society has to cope with in future, can only be mastered, if engineers link the development and innovation process closely with the requirements of people. As a result, in the frame of the innovation process engineers have to design and develop products for diverse users. Therefore, the consideration of diversity in this process is a core competence engineers should have. Implementing the consideration of diverse requirements into product design is also linked to the development of sustainable products and thus leads to social responsible research and development, the core concept formulated by the EU.
For this reason, future engineers should be educated to look at the technical perspectives of a problem embedded in the related questions within societies they are developing their artefacts for. As a result, the aim of teaching engineering should be to prepare engineers for these requirements and to draw attention to the diverse needs in a globalized world.
To match the competence profiles of future engineers to the global challenges and the resulting social responsibility, RWTH Aachen University, one of the leading technical universities in Germany, has established the bridging professorship “Gender and Diversity in Engineering” (GDI) which educates engineers with an interdisciplinary approach to expand engineering limits. The interdisciplinary teaching concept of the research group pursues an approach which imparts an application oriented Gender and Diversity expertise to future engineers. In the frame of an established teaching concept, which is a result of experiences and expertise of the research group, students gain theoretical knowledge about Gender and Diversity and learn how to transfer their knowledge into their later field of action.
In the frame of the conference the institutional approach will be presented as well as the teaching concept which will be introduced by concrete course examples.
KW  - diversity
KW  - innovation
KW  - social responsible engineering
KW  - engineering education
Y1  - 2016
SN  - 978-84-617-5895-1
U6  - https://doi.org/10.21125/iceri.2016.0353
SN  - 2340-1095
SP  - 5967
EP  - 5976
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Staat, Manfred
A1  - Duong, Minh Tuan
T1  - Smoothed Finite Element Methods for Nonlinear Solid Mechanics Problems: 2D and 3D Case Studies
T2  - Proceedings of the National Science and Technology Conference on Mechanical - Transportation Engineering (NSCMET 2016), 13th October 2016, Hanoi, Vietnam, Vol.2
N2  - The Smoothed Finite Element Method (SFEM) is presented as an edge-based and a facebased techniques for 2D and 3D boundary value problems, respectively. SFEMs avoid shortcomings of the standard Finite Element Method (FEM) with lower order elements such as overly stiff behavior, poor stress solution, and locking effects. Based on the idea of averaging spatially the standard strain field of the FEM over so-called smoothing domains SFEM calculates the stiffness matrix for the same number of degrees of freedom (DOFs) as those of the FEM. However, the SFEMs significantly improve accuracy and convergence even for distorted meshes and/or nearly incompressible materials.
Numerical results of the SFEMs for a cardiac tissue membrane (thin plate inflation) and an artery (tension of 3D tube) show clearly their advantageous properties in improving accuracy particularly for the distorted meshes and avoiding shear locking effects.
Y1  - 2016
SP  - 440
EP  - 445
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Tran, Ngoc Trinh
A1  - Tran, Thanh Ngoc
A1  - Matthies, Hermann G.
A1  - Stavroulakis, Georgios Eleftherios
A1  - Staat, Manfred
T1  - FEM Shakedown of uncertain structures by chance constrained programming
T2  - PAMM Proceedings in Applied Mathematics and Mechanics
Y1  - 2016
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1002/pamm.201610346
SN  - 1617-7061
N1  - Special Issue:
Joint 87th Annual Meeting of the International Association of Applied Mathematics and Mechanics (GAMM) and Deutsche Mathematiker-Vereinigung
VL  - 16
IS  - 1
SP  - 715
EP  - 716
ER  -