TY  - JOUR
A1  - Engel, Mareike
A1  - Holtmann, Dirk
A1  - Ulber, Roland
A1  - Tippkötter, Nils
T1  - Increased Biobutanol Production by Mediator‐Less Electro‐Fermentation
JF  - Biotechnology Journal
N2  - A future bio-economy should not only be based on renewable raw materials but also in the raise of carbon yields of existing production routes. Microbial electrochemical technologies are gaining increased attention for this purpose. In this study, the electro-fermentative production of biobutanol with C. acetobutylicum without the use of exogenous mediators is investigated regarding the medium composition and the reactor design. It is shown that the use of an optimized synthetic culture medium allows higher product concentrations, increased biofilm formation, and higher conductivities compared to a synthetic medium supplemented with yeast extract. Moreover, the optimization of the reactor system results in a doubling of the maximum product concentrations for fermentation products. When a working electrode is polarized at −600 mV vs. Ag/AgCl, a shift from butyrate to acetone and butanol production is induced. This leads to an increased final solvent yield of Yᴀᴃᴇ = 0.202 gg⁻¹ (control 0.103 gg⁻¹), which is also reflected in a higher carbon efficiency of 37.6% compared to 23.3% (control) as well as a fourfold decrease in simplified E-factor to 0.43. The results are promising for further development of biobutanol production in bioelectrochemical systems in order to fulfil the principles of Green Chemistry.
Y1  - 2018
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/biot.201800514
SN  - 1860-7314
IS  - Volume 14, Issue 4
SP  - Artikel 1800514
PB  - Wiley-VCH
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Finger, Felix
A1  - Braun, Carsten
A1  - Bil, Cees
T1  - An Initial Sizing Methodology for Hybrid-Electric Light Aircraft
T2  - AIAA AVIATION Forum 2018 Aviation Technology, Integration, and Operations Conference, Atlanta, Georgia, June 25 - 29, 2018
Y1  - 2018
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2018-4229
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Hüning, Felix
A1  - Heuermann, Holger
A1  - Wache, Franz-Josef
T1  - Wireless CAN without WLAN or Bluetooth
JF  - CAN Newsletter
N2  - In two developed concepts, dual-mode radio enables CAN participants to be integrated wirelessly into a CAN network. Constructed from a few components, a protocol-free, real-time transmission and thus transparent integration into CAN is provided.
Y1  - 2018
IS  - December 2018
SP  - 44
EP  - 46
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Baader, Fabian
A1  - Reiswich, M.
A1  - Bartsch, M.
A1  - Keller, D.
A1  - Tiede, E.
A1  - Keck, G.
A1  - Demircian, A.
A1  - Friedrich, M.
A1  - Dachwald, Bernd
A1  - Schüller, K.
A1  - Lehmann, R.
A1  - Chojetzki, R.
A1  - Durand, C.
A1  - Rapp, L.
A1  - Kowalski, Julia
A1  - Förstner, R.
T1  - VIPER - Student research on extraterrestrical ice penetration technology
T2  - Proceedings of the 2nd Symposium on Space Educational Activities
N2  - Recent analysis of scientific data from Cassini and earth-based observations gave evidence for a global ocean under a surrounding solid ice shell on Saturn's moon Enceladus. Images of Enceladus' South Pole showed several fissures in the ice shell with plumes constantly exhausting frozen water particles, building up the E-Ring, one of the outer rings of Saturn. In this southern region of Enceladus, the ice shell is considered to be as thin as 2 km, about an order of magnitude thinner than on the rest of the moon. Under the ice shell, there is a global ocean consisting of liquid water. Scientists are discussing different approaches the possibilities of taking samples of water, i.e. by melting through the ice using a melting probe. FH Aachen UAS developed a prototype of maneuverable melting probe which can navigate through the ice that has already been tested successfully in a terrestrial environment. This means no atmosphere and or ambient pressure, low ice temperatures of around 100 to 150K (near the South Pole) and a very low gravity of 0,114 m/s^2 or 1100 μg. Two of these influencing measures are about to be investigated at FH Aachen UAS in 2017, low ice temperature and low ambient pressure below the triple point of water. Low gravity cannot be easily simulated inside a large experiment chamber, though. Numerical simulations of the melting process at RWTH Aachen however are showing a gravity dependence of melting behavior. Considering this aspect, VIPER provides a link between large-scale experimental simulations at FH Aachen UAS and numerical simulations at RWTH Aachen. To analyze the melting process, about 90 seconds of experiment time in reduced gravity and low ambient pressure is provided by the REXUS rocket. In this time frame, the melting speed and contact force between ice and probes are measured, as well as heating power and a two-dimensional array of ice temperatures. Additionally, visual and infrared cameras are used to observe the melting process.
Y1  - 2018
SP  - 1
EP  - 6
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Wilson, C. E.
A1  - Dickie, A. P.
A1  - Schreiter, K.
A1  - Wehr, R.
A1  - Wilson, E. M.
A1  - Bial, J.
A1  - Scheer, Nico
A1  - Wilson, I. D.
A1  - Riley, R. J.
T1  - The pharmacokinetics and metabolism of diclofenac in chimeric humanized and murinized FRG mice
JF  - Archives of Toxicology
N2  - The pharmacokinetics of diclofenac were investigated following single oral doses of 10 mg/kg to chimeric liver humanized and murinized FRG and C57BL/6 mice. In addition, the metabolism and excretion were investigated in chimeric liver humanized and murinized FRG mice. Diclofenac reached maximum blood concentrations of 2.43 ± 0.9 µg/mL (n = 3) at 0.25 h post-dose with an AUCinf of 3.67 µg h/mL and an effective half-life of 0.86 h (n = 2). In the murinized animals, maximum blood concentrations were determined as 3.86 ± 2.31 µg/mL at 0.25 h post-dose with an AUCinf of 4.94 ± 2.93 µg h/mL and a half-life of 0.52 ± 0.03 h (n = 3). In C57BL/6J mice, mean peak blood concentrations of 2.31 ± 0.53 µg/mL were seen 0.25 h post-dose with a mean AUCinf of 2.10 ± 0.49 µg h/mL and a half-life of 0.51 ± 0.49 h (n = 3). Analysis of blood indicated only trace quantities of drug-related material in chimeric humanized and murinized FRG mice. Metabolic profiling of urine, bile and faecal extracts revealed a complex pattern of metabolites for both humanized and murinized animals with, in addition to unchanged parent drug, a variety of hydroxylated and conjugated metabolites detected. The profiles in humanized mice were different to those of both murinized and wild-type animals, e.g., a higher proportion of the dose was detected in the form of acyl glucuronide metabolites and much reduced amounts as taurine conjugates. Comparison of the metabolic profiles obtained from the present study with previously published data from C57BL/6J mice and humans revealed a greater, though not complete, match between chimeric humanized mice and humans, such that the liver humanized FRG model may represent a model for assessing the biotransformation of such compounds in humans.
Y1  - 2018
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00204-018-2212-1
SN  - 1432-0738
VL  - 92
IS  - 6
SP  - 1953
EP  - 1967
PB  - Springer
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Bindzus, Manuel
A1  - Bragard, Michael
T1  - Motivating Intuitive Understanding of the Switched Reluctance Machine in the Education of Undergraduate Students
T2  - 2018 IEEE 59th International Scientific Conference on Power and Electrical Engineering of Riga Technical University (RTUCON)
Y1  - 2018
SN  - 978-1-5386-6903-7
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/RTUCON.2018.8659870
SP  - 1
EP  - 6
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Bragard, Michael
A1  - Hoek, Hauke van
A1  - Hoegen, Anne von
A1  - Doncker, Rik W. De
T1  - Motivation-based Learning: Teaching Fundamentals of Electrical Engineering with an LED Spinning Top
T2  - 2018 IEEE 59th International Scientific Conference on Power and Electrical Engineering of Riga Technical University (RTUCON)
Y1  - 2018
SN  - 978-1-5386-6903-7
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/RTUCON.2018.8659810
SP  - 1
EP  - 6
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Rütters, René
A1  - Weinheimer, Marius
A1  - Bragard, Michael
T1  - Teaching Control Theory with a Simplified Helicopter Model and a Classroom Fitting Hardware Test-Bench
T2  - 2018 IEEE 59th International Scientific Conference on Power and Electrical Engineering of Riga Technical University (RTUCON)
Y1  - 2018
SN  - 978-1-5386-6903-7
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/RTUCON.2018.8659871
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Serror, Martin
A1  - Henze, Martin
A1  - Hack, Sacha
A1  - Schuba, Marko
A1  - Wehrle, Klaus
T1  - Towards in-network security for smart homes
T2  - 13th International Conference on Availability, Reliability and Security, ARES 2018; Hamburg; Germany; 27 August 2018 through 30 August 2018
Y1  - 2018
SN  - 978-145036448-5
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3230833.3232802
SP  - Article numer 3232802
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Laura, C.O.
A1  - Drechsler, Klaus
A1  - Erdt, M.
A1  - Wesarg, S.
A1  - Bale, R.
T1  - Intervention assessment tool for primary tumors in the liver
JF  - Current Directions in Biomedical Engineering
N2  - After a liver tumor intervention the medical doctor has to compare both pre and postoperative CT acquisitions to ensure that all carcinogenic cells are destroyed. A correct assessment of the intervention is of vital importance, since it will reduce the probability of tumor recurrence. Some methods have been proposed to support the medical doctors during the assessment process, however, all of them focus on secondary tumors. In this paper a tool is presented that enables the outcome validation for both primary and secondary tumors. Therefore, a multiphase registration (preoperative arterial and portal phases) followed by a registration between the pre and postoperative CT images is carried out. The first registration is in charge of the primary tumors that are only visible in the arterial phase. The secondary tumors will be incorporated in the second registration step. Finally, the part of the tumor that was not covered by the necrosis is quantified and visualized. The method has been tested in 9 patients, with an average registration error of 1.41 mm.
Y1  - 2018
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/cdbme-2018-0081
SN  - 2364-5504
VL  - 4
IS  - 1
SP  - 337
EP  - 340
PB  - De Gruyter
CY  - Berlin
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Heinke, Lars N.
A1  - Knicker, Axel J.
A1  - Albracht, Kirsten
T1  - Evaluation of passively induced shoulder stretch reflex using an isokinetic dynamometer in male overhead athletes
JF  - Isokinetics and Exercise Science
N2  - BACKGROUND: Muscle stretch reflexes are widely considered to beneficially influence joint stability and power generation in the lower limbs. While in the upper limbs and especially in the muscles surrounding the shoulder joint such evidence is lacking. OBJECTIVE: To quantify the electromyographical response in the muscles crossing the shoulder of specifically trained overhead athletes to an anterior perturbation force. METHODS: Twenty healthy male participants performed six sets of different external shoulder rotation stretches on an isokinetic dynamometer over a range of amplitudes and muscle pre-activation moment levels. All stretches were applied with a dynamometer acceleration of 10,000∘/s2 and a velocity of 150∘/s. Electromyographical response was measured via sEMG. RESULTS: Consistent reflexes were not observed in all experimental conditions. The reflex latencies revealed a significant muscle main effect (F (2,228) = 99.31, p< 0.001; η2= 0.466; f= 0.934) and a pre-activation main effect (F (1,228) = 142.21, p< 0.001; η2= 0.384; f= 1.418). The stretch reflex amplitude yielded a significant pre-activation main effect (F (1,222) = 470.373, p< 0.001; η2= 0.679; f= 1.454). CONCLUSION: Short latency muscle reflexes showed a tendency to an anterior to posterior muscle recruitment whereby the main internal rotator muscles of the shoulder revealed the most consistent results.
Y1  - 2018
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/IES-184111
SN  - 1878-5913
VL  - 26
IS  - 4
SP  - 265
EP  - 274
PB  - IOS Press
CY  - Amsterdam
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Gao, H.
A1  - Babilon, Katharina
A1  - Pfaff, Raphael
A1  - Gan, F.
A1  - Reich, A.
T1  - Model of wheel-rail contact for sanding and adhesion enhancement
T2  - Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Contact Mechanics and Wear of Rail/wheel Systems, CM 2018
Y1  - 2018
SN  - 978-946186963-0
SP  - 314
EP  - 321
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Franzen, Julius
A1  - Pinders, Erik
A1  - Pfaff, Raphael
A1  - Enning, Manfred
T1  - RailCrowd’s virtual fleets: Make most of your asset data
JF  - Deine Bahn
N2  - For smaller railway operators or those with a diverse fleet, it can be difficult to collect sufficient data to improve maintenance programs. At the same time, new rules such as entity in charge of maintenance – ECM – regulations impose an additional workload by requiring a dedicated maintenance management system and specific reports. The RailCrowd platform sets out to facilitate compliance with ECM and similar regulations while at the same time pooling anonymised fleet data across operators to form virtual fleets, providing greater data insights.
Y1  - 2018
SN  - 0948-7263
IS  - 9
SP  - 11
EP  - 13
PB  - Bahn-Fachverlag
CY  - Berlin
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Pfaff, Raphael
A1  - Melcher, Karin
A1  - Franzen, Julian
T1  - Rare event simulation to optimise maintenance intervals of safety critical redundant subsystems
T2  - Proceedings of the European Conference of the PHM Society
Y1  - 2018
VL  - 4
IS  - 1
SP  - 1
EP  - 6
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Thurn, Laura
A1  - Gebhardt, Andreas
T1  - Strategy of Education on Materials for Students
T2  - Conference Proceedings: „New Perspectives in Science Education"
Y1  - 2018
SN  - 978-88-6292-976-9
SP  - 156
EP  - 161
CY  - Florence, Italy
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Bücking, Henrik
A1  - Pfaff, Raphael
A1  - Dirksmeier, Roger
T1  - Sensor positioning and thermal model for condition monitoring of pressure gas reservoirs in vehicles
T2  - Proceedings of the Fourth European Conference of the Prognostics and Health Management Society, Utrecht, Netherlands, 2018
Y1  - 2018
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Raupp, Sebastian M.
A1  - Schmitt, Marcel
A1  - Walz, Anna-Lena
A1  - Diehm, Ralf
A1  - Hummel, Helga
A1  - Scharfer, Philip
A1  - Schabel, Wilhelm
T1  - Slot die stripe coating of low viscous fluids
JF  - Journal of Coatings Technology and Research
N2  - Slot die coating is applied to deposit thin and homogenous films in roll-to-roll and sheet-to-sheet applications. The critical step in operation is to choose suitable process parameters within the process window. In this work, we investigate an upper limit for stripe coatings. This maximum film thickness is characterized by stripe merging which needs to be avoided in a stable process. It is shown that the upper limit reduces the process window for stripe coatings to a major extent. As a result, stripe coatings at large coating gaps and low viscosities are only possible for relatively thick films. Explaining the upper limit, a theory of balancing the side pressure in the gap region in the cross-web direction has been developed.
Y1  - 2018
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11998-017-0039-y
SN  - 1935-3804
VL  - 15
IS  - 5
SP  - 899
EP  - 911
PB  - Springer
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Wiesen, Patrick
A1  - Engemann, Heiko
A1  - Limpert, Nicolas
A1  - Kallweit, Stephan
T1  - Learning by Doing - Mobile Robotics in the FH Aachen ROS Summer School
T2  - European Robotics Forum 2018, TRROS18 Workshop
Y1  - 2018
SP  - 47
EP  - 58
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Birkl, Josef
A1  - Diendorfer, Gerhard
A1  - Kern, Alexander
A1  - Thern, Stephan
T1  - Extremely high lightning peak currents
T2  - 34th International Conference on Ligntning Protection, 02-07 September 2018
Y1  - 2018
SN  - 978-1-5386-6635-7
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Puppe, Michael
A1  - Giuliano, Stefano
A1  - Frantz, Cathy
A1  - Uhlig, Ralf
A1  - Schumacher, Ralph
A1  - Ibraheem, Wagdi
A1  - Schmalz, Stefan
A1  - Waldmann, Barbara
A1  - Guder, Christoph
A1  - Peter, Dennis
A1  - Schwager, Christian
A1  - Teixeira Boura, Cristiano José
A1  - Alexopoulos, Spiros
A1  - Spiegel, Michael
A1  - Wortmann, Jürgen
A1  - Hinrichs, Matthias
A1  - Engelhard, Manfred
A1  - Aust, Michael
T1  - Techno-economic optimization of molten salt solar tower plants
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings art.no. 040033
N2  - In this paper the results of a techno-economic analysis of improved and optimized molten salt solar tower plants (MSSTP plants) are presented. The potential improvements that were analyzed include different receiver designs, different designs of the HTF-system and plant control, increased molten salt temperatures (up to 640°C) and multi-tower systems. Detailed technological and economic models of the solar field, solar receiver and high temperature fluid system (HTF-system) were developed and used to find potential improvements compared to a reference plant based on Solar Two technology and up-to-date cost estimations. The annual yield model calculates the annual outputs and the LCOE of all variants. An improved external tubular receiver and improved HTF-system achieves a significant decrease of LCOE compared to the reference. This is caused by lower receiver cost as well as improvements of the HTF-system and plant operation strategy, significantly reducing the plant own consumption. A novel star receiver shows potential for further cost decrease. The cavity receiver concepts result in higher LCOE due to their high investment cost, despite achieving higher efficiencies. Increased molten salt temperatures seem possible with an adapted, closed loop HTF-system and achieve comparable results to the original improved system (with 565°C) under the given boundary conditions. In this analysis all multi tower systems show lower economic viability compared to single tower systems, caused by high additional cost for piping connections and higher cost of the receivers.
REFERENCES
Y1  - 2019
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5067069
VL  - 2033
IS  - Issue 1
PB  - AIP Publishing
CY  - Melville, NY
ER  -