TY - CHAP A1 - Wolf, C. Roland A1 - Kapelyukh, Yury A1 - Scheer, Nico A1 - Henderson, Colin J. ED - Wilson, Alan G. E. T1 - Application of Humanised and Other Transgenic Models to Predict Human Responses to Drugs N2 - The use of transgenic animal models has transformed our knowledge of complex biochemical pathways in vivo. It has allowed disease processes to be modelled and used in the development of new disease prevention and treatment strategies. They can also be used to define cell- and tissue-specific pathways of gene regulation. A further major application is in the area of preclinical development where such models can be used to define pathways of chemical toxicity, and the pathways that regulate drug disposition. One major application of this approach is the humanisation of mice for the proteins that control drug metabolism and disposition. Such models can have numerous applications in the development of drugs and in their more sophisticated use in the clinic. Y1 - 2015 SN - 978-1-78262-778-4 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1039/9781782622376-00152 SP - 152 EP - 176 PB - RSC Publ. CY - Cambridge ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Paulßen, Elisabeth A1 - Hoehr, Cornelia A1 - Hou, Xinchi A1 - Hanemaayer, Victoire A1 - Zeisler, Stefan A1 - Adam, Michael J. A1 - Ruth, Thomas J. A1 - Celler, Anna A1 - Buckley, Ken A1 - Benard, Francois A1 - Schaffer, Paul T1 - Production of Y-86 and other radiometals for research purposes using a solution target system JF - Nuclear medicine and biology Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2015.06.005 SN - 1872-9614 VL - 42 IS - 11 SP - 842 EP - 849 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hager, Jonathan A1 - Hentschke, Reinhard A1 - Hojdis, Nils A1 - Karimi-Varzaneh, Hossein Ali T1 - Computer Simulation of Particle–Particle Interaction in a Model Polymer Nanocomposite JF - Macromolecules Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.macromol.5b01864 SN - 1520-5835 VL - 48 IS - 24 SP - 9039 EP - 9049 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Seifarth, Volker A1 - Goßmann, Matthias A1 - Grosse, J. O. A1 - Becker, C. A1 - Heschel, I. A1 - Artmann, Gerhard A1 - Temiz Artmann, Aysegül T1 - Development of a Bioreactor to Culture Tissue Engineered Ureters Based on the Application of Tubular OPTIMAIX 3D Scaffolds JF - Urologia Internationalis Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1159/000368419 SN - 0042-1138 VL - 2015 IS - 95 SP - 106 EP - 113 PB - Karger CY - Basel ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Frotscher, Ralf A1 - Goßmann, Matthias A1 - Raatschen, Hans-Jürgen A1 - Temiz Artmann, Aysegül A1 - Staat, Manfred T1 - Simulation of cardiac cell-seeded membranes using the edge-based smoothed FEM T2 - Shell and membrane theories in mechanics and biology. (Advanced structured materials ; 45) N2 - We present an electromechanically coupled Finite Element model for cardiac tissue. It bases on the mechanical model for cardiac tissue of Hunter et al. that we couple to the McAllister-Noble-Tsien electrophysiological model of purkinje fibre cells. The corresponding system of ordinary differential equations is implemented on the level of the constitutive equations in a geometrically and physically nonlinear version of the so-called edge-based smoothed FEM for plates. Mechanical material parameters are determined from our own pressure-deflection experimental setup. The main purpose of the model is to further examine the experimental results not only on mechanical but also on electrophysiological level down to ion channel gates. Moreover, we present first drug treatment simulations and validate the model with respect to the experiments. Y1 - 2015 SN - 978-3-319-02534-6 ; 978-3-319-02535-3 SP - 187 EP - 212 PB - Springer CY - Heidelberg ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Al-Kaidy, Huschyar A1 - Duwe, Anna A1 - Huster, Manuel A1 - Muffler, Kai A1 - Schlegel, Christin A1 - Tim, Sieker A1 - Stadtmüller, Ralf A1 - Tippkötter, Nils A1 - Ulber, Roland T1 - Biotechnology and bioprocess engineering – from the first ullmann's article to recent trends JF - ChemBioEng Reviews N2 - For several thousand years, biotechnology and its associated technical processes have had a great impact on the development of mankind. Based on empirical methods, in particular for the production of foodstuffs and daily commodities, these disciplines have become one of the most innovative future issues. Due to the increasing detailed understanding of cellular processes, production strains can now be optimized. In combination with modern bioprocesses, a variety of bulk and fine chemicals as well as pharmaceuticals can be produced efficiently. In this article, some of the current trends in biotechnology are discussed. Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/cben.201500008 VL - 2 IS - 3 SP - 175 EP - 184 PB - Wiley CY - Weinheim ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Henderson, Colin J. A1 - Mclaughlin, Lesley A. A1 - Scheer, Nico A1 - Stanley, Lesley A. A1 - Wolf, C. Roland T1 - Cytochrome b5 Is a Major Determinant of Human Cytochrome P450 CYP2D6 and CYP3A4 Activity In Vivo s JF - Molecular Pharmacology Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1124/mol.114.097394 SN - 1521-0111 VL - 87 IS - 4 SP - 733 EP - 739 PB - ASPET CY - Bethesda ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Scheer, Nico A1 - Kapelyukh, Yury A1 - Rode, Anja A1 - Oswald, Stefan A1 - Busch, Diana A1 - Mclaughlin, Lesley A. A1 - Lin, De A1 - Henderson, Colin J. A1 - Wolf, C. Roland T1 - Defining Human Pathways of Drug Metabolism In Vivo through the Development of a Multiple Humanized Mouse Model JF - Drug Metabolism and Disposition Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1124/dmd.115.065656 SN - 1521-009x VL - 43 IS - 11 SP - 1679 EP - 1690 PB - ASPET CY - Bethesda ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Molinnus, Denise A1 - Bäcker, Matthias A1 - Siegert, Petra A1 - Willenberg, H. A1 - Poghossian, Arshak A1 - Keusgen, M. A1 - Schöning, Michael Josef T1 - Detection of Adrenaline Based on Substrate Recycling Amplification JF - Procedia Engineering N2 - An amperometric enzyme biosensor has been applied for the detection of adrenaline. The adrenaline biosensor has been prepared by modification of an oxygen electrode with the enzyme laccase that operates at a broad pH range between pH 3.5 to pH 8. The enzyme molecules were immobilized via cross-linking with glutaraldehyde. The sensitivity of the developed adrenaline biosensor in different pH buffer solutions has been studied. Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2015.08.708 SN - 1877-7058 N1 - Eurosensors 2015 VL - 120 SP - 540 EP - 543 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wiesen, Sebastian A1 - Tippkötter, Nils A1 - Muffler, Kai A1 - Suck, Kirstin A1 - Sohling, Ulrich A1 - Ruf, Friedrich A1 - Ulber, Roland T1 - Adsorption of fatty acids to layered double hydroxides in aqueous systems JF - Adsorption N2 - Due to their anion exchange characteristics, layered double hydroxides (LDHs) are suitable for the detoxification of aqueous, fatty acid containing fermentation substrates. The aim of this study is to examine the adsorption mechanism, using crude glycerol from plant oil esterification as a model system. Changes in the intercalation structure in relation to the amount of fatty acids adsorbed are monitored by X-ray diffraction and infra-red spectroscopy. Additionally, calcination of LDH is investigated in order to increase the binding capacity for fatty acids. Our data propose that, at ambient temperature, fatty acids can be bound to the hydrotalcite by adsorption or in addition by intercalation, depending on fatty acid concentration. The adsorption of fatty acids from crude glycerol shows a BET-like behavior. Above a fatty acid concentration of 3.5 g L−1, intercalation of fatty acids can be shown by the appearance of an increased interlayer spacing. This observation suggests a two phase adsorption process. Calcination of LDHs allows increasing the binding capacity for fatty acids by more than six times, mainly by reduction of structural CO32−. Y1 - 2015 VL - 21 IS - 6-7 SP - 459 EP - 466 PB - Springer CY - Berlin ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hough, Lindsay B. A1 - Nalwalk, Julia W. A1 - Ding, Xinxin A1 - Scheer, Nico T1 - Opioid Analgesia in P450 Gene Cluster Knockout Mice: A Search for Analgesia-Relevant Isoforms JF - Drug Metabolism and Disposition Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1124/dmd.115.065490 SN - 1521-009x VL - 43 IS - 9 SP - 1326 EP - 1330 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Breuer, Lars A1 - Raue, Markus A1 - Strobel, M. A1 - Mang, Thomas A1 - Schöning, Michael Josef A1 - Thoelen, R. A1 - Wagner, Torsten T1 - Hydrogels with incorporated graphene oxide as light-addressable actuator materials for cell culture environments in lab-on-chip systems JF - Physica status solidi (a) N2 - Abstractauthoren Graphene oxide (GO) nanoparticles were incorporated in temperature-sensitive Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAAm) hydrogels. The nanoparticles increase the light absorption and convert light energy into heat efficiently. Thus, the hydrogels with GO can be stimulated spatially resolved by illumination as it was demonstrated by IR thermography. The temporal progression of the temperature maximum was detected for different concentrations of GO within the polymer network. Furthermore, the compatibility of PNIPAAm hydrogels with GO and cell cultures was investigated. For this purpose, culture medium was incubated with hydrogels containing GO and the viability and morphology of chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells was examined after several days of culturing in presence of this medium. Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/pssa.201533056 SN - 1862-6300 VL - 213 IS - 6 SP - 1520 EP - 1525 PB - Wiley-VCH CY - Weinheim ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Kasper, Katharina A1 - Schiffels, Johannes A1 - Krafft, Simone A1 - Kuperjans, Isabel A1 - Elbers, Gereon A1 - Selmer, Thorsten T1 - Biogas Production on Demand Regulated by Butyric Acid Addition T2 - IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science. Bd. 32 Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/32/1/012009 SN - 1755-1315 N1 - ICARET 2016, International Conference on Advances in Renewable Energy and Technologies, Putrajaya, MY, Feb 23-25, 2016 VL - 32 SP - 012009/1 EP - 012009/4 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Al-Kaidy, Huschyar A1 - Tippkötter, Nils T1 - Superparamagnetic hydrophobic particles as shell material for digital microfluidic droplets and proof-of-principle reaction assessments with immobilized laccase JF - Engineering in Life Sciences N2 - In the field of biotechnology and molecular biology, the use of small liquid volumes has significant advantages. In particular, screening and optimization runs with acceptable amounts of expensive and hardly available catalysts, reagents, or biomolecules are feasible with microfluidic technologies. The presented new microfluidic system is based on the inclusion of small liquid volumes by a protective shell of magnetizable microparticles. Hereby, discrete aqueous microreactor drops with volumes of 1–30 μL can be formed on a simple planar surface. A digital movement and manipulation of the microreactor is performed by overlapping magnetic forces. The magnetic forces are generated by an electrical coil matrix positioned below a glass plate. With the new platform technology, several discrete reaction compartments can be moved simultaneously on one surface. Due to the magnetic fields, the reactors can even be merged to initiate reactions by mixing or positioned above surface-immobilized catalysts and then opened by magnetic force. Comparative synthesis routes of the magnetizable shell particles and superhydrophobic glass slides including their performance and stability with the reaction platform are described. The influence of diffusive mass transport during the catalyzed reaction is discussed by evaluation finite element model of the microreactor. Furthermore, a first model dye reaction of the enzyme laccase has been established. Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/elsc.201400124 VL - 16 IS - 3 SP - 222 EP - 230 PB - Wiley-VCH CY - Weinheim ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Wulfhorst, H. A1 - Duwe, A. A1 - Möhring, S. A1 - Jurca, O. A1 - Tippkötter, Nils T1 - Analysis of pretreated biomass by differential scanning 132 calorimetry and multivariate data analysis T2 - New frontiers of biotech-processes (Himmelfahrtstagung) : 02-04 May 2016, Rhein-Mosel-Halle, Koblenz/Germany Y1 - 2016 SP - 132 PB - DECHEMA CY - Frankfurt am Main ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Möhring, S. A1 - Wulfhorst, H. A1 - Roth, J. A1 - Tippkötter, Nils T1 - Pretreatment strategies for lignocellulosic biomass T2 - New frontiers of biotech-processes (Himmelfahrtstagung) : 02-04 May 2016, Rhein-Mosel-Halle, Koblenz/Germany Y1 - 2016 SP - 131 PB - DECHEMA CY - Frankfurt am Main ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Roth, J. A1 - Möhring, S. A1 - Tippkötter, Nils T1 - Characterization and evaluation of lignocellulosic biomass 130 hydrolysates for ABE fermentation T2 - New frontiers of biotech-processes (Himmelfahrtstagung) : 02-04 May 2016, Rhein-Mosel-Halle, Koblenz/Germany Y1 - 2016 SP - 130 PB - DECHEMA CY - Frankfurt am Main ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Al-Kaidy, Huschyar A1 - Kuthan, Kai A1 - Hering, Thomas A1 - Tippkötter, Nils T1 - Aqueous droplets used as enzymatic microreactors and their electromagnetic actuation JF - Journal of Visualized Experiments N2 - For the successful implementation of microfluidic reaction systems, such as PCR and electrophoresis, the movement of small liquid volumes is essential. In conventional lab-on-a-chip-platforms, solvents and samples are passed through defined microfluidic channels with complex flow control installations. The droplet actuation platform presented here is a promising alternative. With it, it is possible to move a liquid drop (microreactor) on a planar surface of a reaction platform (lab-in-a-drop). The actuation of microreactors on the hydrophobic surface of the platform is based on the use of magnetic forces acting on the outer shell of the liquid drops which is made of a thin layer of superhydrophobic magnetite particles. The hydrophobic surface of the platform is needed to avoid any contact between the liquid core and the surface to allow a smooth movement of the microreactor. On the platform, one or more microreactors with volumes of 10 µL can be positioned and moved simultaneously. The platform itself consists of a 3 x 3 matrix of electrical double coils which accommodate either neodymium or iron cores. The magnetic field gradients are automatically controlled. By variation of the magnetic field gradients, the microreactors' magnetic hydrophobic shell can be manipulated automatically to move the microreactor or open the shell reversibly. Reactions of substrates and corresponding enzymes can be initiated by merging the microreactors or bringing them into contact with surface immobilized catalysts. Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3791/54643 SN - 1940-087X IS - Issue 126 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Heinze, D. A1 - Mang, Thomas A1 - Popescu, C. A1 - Weichold, O. T1 - Effect of side chain length and degree of polymerization on the decomposition and crystallization behaviour of chlorinated poly(vinyl ester) oligomers JF - Thermochimica Acta N2 - Four members of a homologous series of chlorinated poly(vinyl ester) oligomers CCl₃–(CH₂CH (OCO(CH₂)ₘCH₃))ₙ–Cl with degrees of polymerization of 10 and 20 were prepared by telomerisation using carbon tetrachloride. The number of side chain carbon atoms ranges from 2 (poly(vinyl acetate) to 18 (poly(vinyl stearate)). The effect of the n-alkyl side chain length and of the degree of polymerization on the thermal stability and crystallization behaviour of the synthesized compounds was investigated. All oligomers degrade in two major steps by first losing HCl and side chains with subsequent breakdown of the backbone. The members with short side chains, up to poly(vinyl octanoate), are amorphous and show internal plasticization, whereas those with high number of side chain carbon atoms are semi-crystalline due to side-chain crystallization. A better packing for poly(vinyl stearate) is also noticeable. The glass transition and melting temperatures as well as the onset temperature of decomposition are influenced to a larger extent by the side chain length than by the degree of polymerization. Thermal stability is improved if both the size and number of side chains increase, but only a long side chain causes a significant increase of the resistance to degradation. This results in a stabilization of PVAc so that oligomers from poly(vinyl octanoate) on are stable under atmospheric conditions. Thus, the way to design stable, chlorinated PVEs oligomers is to use a long n-alkyl side chain. Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tca.2016.05.015 SN - 0040-6031 (electronic) VL - 637 SP - 143 EP - 153 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Ghosch, S. A1 - Baier, M. A1 - Schütz, J. A1 - Schneider, Felix A1 - Scherer, Ulrich W. T1 - Analysis of electronic autoradiographs by mathematical post-processing JF - Radiation Effects and Defects in Solids: Incorporating plasma science and plasma technology N2 - Autoradiography is a well-established method of nuclear imaging. When different radionuclides are present simultaneously, additional processing is needed to distinguish distributions of radionuclides. In this work, a method is presented where aluminium absorbers of different thickness are used to produce images with different cut-off energies. By subtracting images pixel-by-pixel one can generate images representing certain ranges of β-particle energies. The method is applied to the measurement of irradiated reactor graphite samples containing several radionuclides to determine the spatial distribution of these radionuclides within pre-defined energy windows. The process was repeated under fixed parameters after thermal treatment of the samples. The greyscale images of the distribution after treatment were subtracted from the corresponding pre-treatment images. Significant changes in the intensity and distribution of radionuclides could be observed in some samples. Due to the thermal treatment parameters the most significant differences were observed in the ³H and ¹⁴C inventory and distribution. Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/10420150.2016.1155587 SN - 1029-4953 VL - 171 IS - 1-2 SP - 161 EP - 172 PB - Taylor & Francis CY - London ER -