TY  - JOUR
A1  - Grundlach, Michael
A1  - Baumann, Martin
A1  - Engelmann, Ulrich M.
ED  - Dössel, Olaf
T1  - How Multimodal Examinations Can Increase Sustainable Student Gain by Aligning Teaching and Assessment
JF  - Current Directions in Biomedical Engineering
N2  - Modern industry and multi-discipline projects require highly trained individuals with resilient science and engineering back-grounds. Graduates must be able to agilely apply excellent theoretical knowledge in their subject matter as well as essential practical “hands-on” knowledge of diverse working processes to solve complex problems. To meet these demands, university education follows the concept of Constructive Alignment and thus increasingly adopts the teaching of necessary practical skills to the actual industry requirements and assessment routines. However, a systematic approach to coherently align these three central teaching demands is strangely absent from current university curricula. We demonstrate the feasibility of implementing practical assessments in a regular theory-based examination, thus defining the term “blended assessment”. We assessed a course for natural science and engineering students pursuing a career in biomedical engineering, and evaluated the benefit of blended assessment exams for students and lecturers. Our controlled study assessed the physiological background of electrocardiograms (ECGs), the practical measurement of ECG curves, and their interpretation of basic pathologic alterations. To study on long time effects, students have been assessed on the topic twice with a time lag of 6 months. Our findings suggest a significant improvement in student gain with respect to practical skills and theoretical knowledge. The results of the reassessments support these outcomes. From the lecturers ́ point of view, blended assessment complements practical training courses while keeping organizational effort manageable. We consider blended assessment a viable tool for providing an improved student gain, industry-ready education format that should be evaluated and established further to prepare university graduates optimally for their future careers.
KW  - constructive alignment
KW  - examination
KW  - long-term retention
KW  - multimodal
KW  - practical learning
Y1  - 2021
SN  - 2364-5504
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/cdbme-2021-2019
VL  - 7
IS  - 7/2
SP  - 73
EP  - 76
PB  - De Gruyter
CY  - Berlin
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Zabirov, Alexander
A1  - Schleser, Markus
A1  - Bucherer, Sebastian
T1  - Füge- und Dichtkonzept für einen Leichtbauverbrennungsmotor
JF  - adhäsion KLEBEN & DICHTEN
Y1  - 2021
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s35145-021-0531-5
SN  - 2192-8681
VL  - 65
IS  - 11
SP  - 12
EP  - 19
PB  - Springer Nature
CY  - Cham
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Leise, Philipp
A1  - Eßer, Arved
A1  - Eichenlaub, Tobias
A1  - Schleiffer, Jean-Eric
A1  - Altherr, Lena
A1  - Rinderknecht, Stephan
A1  - Pelz, Peter F.
T1  - Sustainable system design of electric powertrains - comparison of optimization methods
JF  - Engineering Optimization
N2  - The transition within transportation towards battery electric vehicles can lead to a more sustainable future. To account for the development goal ‘climate action’ stated by the United Nations, it is mandatory, within the conceptual design phase, to derive energy-efficient system designs. One barrier is the uncertainty of the driving behaviour within the usage phase. This uncertainty is often addressed by using a stochastic synthesis process to derive representative driving cycles and by using cycle-based optimization. To deal with this uncertainty, a new approach based on a stochastic optimization program is presented. This leads to an optimization model that is solved with an exact solver. It is compared to a system design approach based on driving cycles and a genetic algorithm solver. Both approaches are applied to find efficient electric powertrains with fixed-speed and multi-speed transmissions. Hence, the similarities, differences and respective advantages of each optimization procedure are discussed.
KW  - Powertrain
KW  - stochastic optimization
KW  - global optimization
KW  - genetic algorithm
Y1  - 2021
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0305215X.2021.1928660
SN  - 0305-215X
PB  - Taylor & Francis
CY  - London
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Heiligers, Jeannette
A1  - Schoutetens, Frederic
A1  - Dachwald, Bernd
T1  - Photon-sail equilibria in the alpha centauri system
JF  - Journal of Guidance, Control, and Dynamics
Y1  - 2021
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/1.G005446
SN  - 1533-3884
SN  - 0731-5090
SN  - 0162-3192
VL  - 44
IS  - 5
SP  - 1053
EP  - 1061
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - German, Laura
A1  - Mikucki, Jill A.
A1  - Welch, Susan A.
A1  - Welch, Kathleen A.
A1  - Lutton, Anthony
A1  - Dachwald, Bernd
A1  - Kowalski, Julia
A1  - Heinen, Dirk
A1  - Feldmann, Marco
A1  - Francke, Gero
A1  - Espe, Clemens
A1  - Lyons, W. Berry
T1  - Validation of sampling antarctic subglacial hypersaline waters with an electrothermal ice melting probe (IceMole) for environmental analytical geochemistry
JF  - International Journal of Environmental Analytical Chemistry
N2  - Geochemical characterisation of hypersaline waters is difficult as high concentrations of salts hinder the analysis of constituents at low concentrations, such as trace metals, and the collection of samples for trace metal analysis in natural waters can be easily contaminated. This is particularly the case if samples are collected by non-conventional techniques such as those required for aquatic subglacial environments. In this paper we present the first analysis of a subglacial brine from Taylor Valley, (~ 78°S), Antarctica for the trace metals: Ba, Co, Mo, Rb, Sr, V, and U. Samples were collected englacially using an electrothermal melting probe called the IceMole. This probe uses differential heating of a copper head as well as the probe’s sidewalls and an ice screw at the melting head to move through glacier ice. Detailed blanks, meltwater, and subglacial brine samples were collected to evaluate the impact of the IceMole and the borehole pump, the melting and collection process, filtration, and storage on the geochemistry of the samples collected by this device. Comparisons between melt water profiles through the glacier ice and blank analysis, with published studies on ice geochemistry, suggest the potential for minor contributions of some species Rb, As, Co, Mn, Ni, NH4+, and NO2−+NO3− from the IceMole. The ability to conduct detailed chemical analyses of subglacial fluids collected with melting probes is critical for the future exploration of the hundreds of deep subglacial lakes in Antarctica.
Y1  - 2021
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03067319.2019.1704750
SN  - 0306-7319
VL  - 101
IS  - 15
SP  - 2654
EP  - 2667
PB  - Taylor & Francis
CY  - London
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Spietz, Peter
A1  - Spröwitz, Tom
A1  - Seefeldt, Patric
A1  - Grundmann, Jan Thimo
A1  - Jahnke, Rico
A1  - Mikschl, Tobias
A1  - Mikulz, Eugen
A1  - Montenegro, Sergio
A1  - Reershemius, Siebo
A1  - Renger, Thomas
A1  - Ruffer, Michael
A1  - Sasaki, Kaname
A1  - Sznajder, Maciej
A1  - Tóth, Norbert
A1  - Ceriotti, Matteo
A1  - Dachwald, Bernd
A1  - Macdonald, Malcolm
A1  - McInnes, Colin
A1  - Seboldt, Wolfgang
A1  - Quantius, Dominik
A1  - Bauer, Waldemar
A1  - Wiedemann, Carsten
A1  - Grimm, Christian D.
A1  - Hercik, David
A1  - Ho, Tra-Mi
A1  - Lange, Caroline
A1  - Schmitz, Nicole
T1  - Paths not taken – The Gossamer roadmap’s other options
JF  - Advances in Space Research
KW  - Solar sail
KW  - Small spacecraft
KW  - DLR-ESTEC GOSSAMER roadmap for solar sailing
KW  - GOSSAMER-1
Y1  - 2021
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.asr.2021.01.044
SN  - 0273-1177
VL  - 67
IS  - 9
SP  - 2912
EP  - 2956
PB  - Elsevier
CY  - Amsterdam
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Kezerashvili, Roman Ya
A1  - Dachwald, Bernd
T1  - Preface: Solar sailing: Concepts, technology, and missions II
JF  - Advances in Space Research
Y1  - 2021
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.asr.2021.01.037
SN  - 0273-1177
VL  - 67
IS  - 9
SP  - 2559
EP  - 2560
PB  - Elsevier
CY  - Amsterdam
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Heel, Mareike van
A1  - Dikta, Gerhard
A1  - Braekers, Roel
T1  - Bootstrap based goodness‑of‑fit tests for binary multivariate regression models
JF  - Journal of the Korean Statistical Society
N2  - We consider a binary multivariate regression model where the conditional expectation of a binary variable given a higher-dimensional input variable belongs to a parametric family. Based on this, we introduce a model-based bootstrap (MBB) for higher-dimensional input variables. This test can be used to check whether a sequence of independent and identically distributed observations belongs to such a parametric family. The approach is based on the empirical residual process introduced by Stute (Ann Statist 25:613–641, 1997). In contrast to Stute and Zhu’s approach (2002) Stute & Zhu (Scandinavian J Statist 29:535–545, 2002), a transformation is not required. Thus, any problems associated with non-parametric regression estimation are avoided. As a result, the MBB method is much easier for users to implement. To illustrate the power of the MBB based tests, a small simulation study is performed. Compared to the approach of Stute & Zhu (Scandinavian J Statist 29:535–545, 2002), the simulations indicate a slightly improved power of the MBB based method. Finally, both methods are applied to a real data set.
Y1  - 2021
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s42952-021-00142-4
SN  - 2005-2863 (Online)
SN  - 1226-3192 (Print)
N1  - Corresponding author: Mareike van Heel
VL  - 51
PB  - Springer Nature
CY  - Singapur
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Braun, Sebastian
A1  - Cheng, Chi-Tsun
A1  - Dowey, Steve
A1  - Wollert, Jörg
T1  - Performance evaluation of skill-based order-assignment in production environments with multi-agent systems
JF  - IEEE Journal of Emerging and Selected Topics in Industrial Electronics
N2  - The fourth industrial revolution introduces disruptive technologies to production environments. One of these technologies are multi-agent systems (MASs), where agents virtualize machines. However, the agent's actual performances in production environments can hardly be estimated as most research has been focusing on isolated projects and specific scenarios. We address this gap by implementing a highly connected and configurable reference model with quantifiable key performance indicators (KPIs) for production scheduling and routing in single-piece workflows. Furthermore, we propose an algorithm to optimize the search of extrema in highly connected distributed systems. The benefits, limits, and drawbacks of MASs and their performances are evaluated extensively by event-based simulations against the introduced model, which acts as a benchmark. Even though the performance of the proposed MAS is, on average, slightly lower than the reference system, the increased flexibility allows it to find new solutions and deliver improved factory-planning outcomes. Our MAS shows an emerging behavior by using flexible production techniques to correct errors and compensate for bottlenecks. This increased flexibility offers substantial improvement potential. The general model in this paper allows the transfer of the results to estimate real systems or other models.
KW  - cyber-physical production systems
KW  - event-based simulation
KW  - multi-agent systems
KW  - digital factory
KW  - industrial agents
Y1  - 2021
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/JESTIE.2021.3108524
SN  - 2687-9735
IS  - Early Access
PB  - IEEE
CY  - New York
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Timme, Michael
T1  - Rechtsprechungsübersicht zum Wohnraummietrecht
JF  - Monatsschrift für Deutsches Recht
Y1  - 2021
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.9785/mdtr-2021-750113
SN  - 2194-4202
VL  - 75
IS  - 1
SP  - 6
EP  - 11
PB  - Verlag Dr. Otto Schmidt
CY  - Köln
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Dickhoff, Jens
A1  - Horikawa, Atsushi
A1  - Funke, Harald
T1  - Hydrogen Combustion - new DLE Combustor Addresses NOx Emissions and Flashback
JF  - Turbomachinery international : the global journal of energy equipment
Y1  - 2021
SN  - 2767-2328
SN  - 0149-4147
VL  - 62
IS  - 4
SP  - 26
EP  - 27
PB  - MJH Life Sciences
CY  - Cranbury
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Welden, Rene
A1  - Jablonski, Melanie
A1  - Wege, Christina
A1  - Keusgen, Michael
A1  - Wagner, Patrick Hermann
A1  - Wagner, Torsten
A1  - Schöning, Michael Josef
T1  - Light-Addressable Actuator-Sensor Platform for Monitoring and Manipulation of pH Gradients in Microfluidics: A Case Study with the Enzyme Penicillinase
JF  - Biosensors
N2  - The feasibility of light-addressed detection and manipulation of pH gradients inside an electrochemical microfluidic cell was studied. Local pH changes, induced by a light-addressable electrode (LAE), were detected using a light-addressable potentiometric sensor (LAPS) with different measurement modes representing an actuator-sensor system. Biosensor functionality was examined depending on locally induced pH gradients with the help of the model enzyme penicillinase, which had been immobilized in the microfluidic channel. The surface morphology of the LAE and enzyme-functionalized LAPS was studied by scanning electron microscopy. Furthermore, the penicillin sensitivity of the LAPS inside the microfluidic channel was determined with regard to the analyte’s pH influence on the enzymatic reaction rate. In a final experiment, the LAE-controlled pH inhibition of the enzyme activity was monitored by the LAPS.
KW  - microfluidics
KW  - enzyme kinetics
KW  - actuator-sensor system
KW  - light-addressable electrode
KW  - light-addressable potentiometric sensor
Y1  - 2021
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bios11060171
SN  - 2079-6374
N1  - This article belongs to the Special Issue "Selected Papers from the 1st International Electronic Conference on Biosensors (IECB 2020)"
VL  - 11
IS  - 6
PB  - MDPI
CY  - Basel
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Capitain, Charlotte
A1  - Wagner, Sebastian
A1  - Hummel, Joana
A1  - Tippkötter, Nils
T1  - Investigation of C–N Formation Between Catechols and Chitosan for the Formation of a Strong, Novel Adhesive Mimicking Mussel Adhesion
JF  - Waste and Biomass Valorization
Y1  - 2021
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12649-020-01110-5
SN  - 1877-265X
N1  - Corresponding author: Nils Tippkötter
VL  - 12
SP  - 1761
EP  - 1779
PB  - Springer Nature
CY  - Cham
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Fagan, Andrew J.
A1  - Bitz, Andreas
A1  - Björkman-Burtscher, Isabella M.
A1  - Collins, Christopher M.
A1  - Kimbrell, Vera
A1  - Raaijmakers, Alexander J. E.
T1  - 7T MR Safety
JF  - Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (JMRI)
Y1  - 2021
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmri.27319
SN  - 1522-2586
VL  - 53
IS  - 2
SP  - 333
EP  - 346
PB  - Wiley
CY  - Weinheim
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Blanke, Tobias
A1  - Hagenkamp, Markus
A1  - Döring, Bernd
A1  - Göttsche, Joachim
A1  - Reger, Vitali
A1  - Kuhnhenne, Markus
T1  - Net-exergetic, hydraulic and thermal optimization of coaxial heat exchangers using fixed flow conditions instead of fixed flow rates
JF  - Geothermal Energy
N2  - Previous studies optimized the dimensions of coaxial heat exchangers using constant mass fow rates as a boundary condition. They show a thermal optimal circular ring width of nearly zero. Hydraulically optimal is an inner to outer pipe radius ratio of 0.65 for turbulent and 0.68 for laminar fow types. In contrast, in this study, fow conditions in the circular ring are kept constant (a set of fxed Reynolds numbers) during optimization. This approach ensures fxed fow conditions and prevents inappropriately high or low mass fow rates. The optimization is carried out for three objectives: Maximum energy gain, minimum hydraulic efort and eventually optimum net-exergy balance. The optimization changes the inner pipe radius and mass fow rate but not the Reynolds number of the circular ring. The thermal calculations base on Hellström’s borehole resistance and the hydraulic optimization on individually calculated linear loss of head coefcients. Increasing the inner pipe radius results in decreased hydraulic losses in the inner pipe but increased losses in the circular ring. The net-exergy diference is a key performance indicator and combines thermal and hydraulic calculations. It is the difference between thermal exergy fux and hydraulic efort. The Reynolds number in the circular ring is instead of the mass fow rate constant during all optimizations. The result from a thermal perspective is an optimal width of the circular ring of nearly zero. The hydraulically optimal inner pipe radius is 54% of the outer pipe radius for laminar fow and 60% for turbulent fow scenarios. Net-exergetic optimization shows a predominant infuence of hydraulic losses, especially for small temperature gains. The exact result depends on the earth’s thermal properties and the fow type. Conclusively, coaxial geothermal probes’ design should focus on the hydraulic optimum and take the thermal optimum as a secondary criterion due to the dominating hydraulics.
Y1  - 2021
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40517-021-00201-3
SN  - 2195-9706
N1  - Corresponding author: Tobias Blanke
VL  - 9
IS  - Article number: 19
PB  - Springer
CY  - Berlin
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Tran, Duc Hung
A1  - Ebeling, Felix
T1  - Die risikoadäquate Bestimmung von Eigenkapitalkosten bei konzerninternen Routinefunktionen
JF  - Der Betrieb
N2  - Eigenkapitalkosten sind eine wesentliche Determinante bei der Wertbestimmung von Unternehmen und Unternehmensteilen. Die Eigenkapitalkosten werden regelmäßig mittels des CAPM bestimmt. Für sog. konzerninterne Routinefunktionen mit geringem Risiko stellt diese Bestimmung mittels CAPM ein Problem dar, da börsennotierte Peergroups für eine zuverlässige Bestimmung des Beta-Faktors meist nicht identifizierbar sind. Damit ergeben sich bei Bewertungen von Routineunternehmen Unsicherheiten und Konfliktpotenzial in steuerlichen Betriebsprüfungen. Dieser Beitrag gibt einen Überblick der in der Praxis genutzten Ansätze und stellt eine theoretische Fundierung zur Bestimmung der Eigenkapitalkosten von konzerninternen Routinefunktionen vor. Dabei wird verdeutlicht, dass Eigenkapitalkosten von konzerninternen Routinefunktionen nicht denen des Gesamtkonzerns entsprechen und Praktikeransätze eine grundsätzliche Berechtigung besitzen.
Y1  - 2021
SN  - 0005-9935
VL  - 74
IS  - 29
SP  - 1553
EP  - 1560
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Poghossian, Arshak
A1  - Schöning, Michael Josef
T1  - Recent progress in silicon-based biologically sensitive field-effect devices
JF  - Current Opinion in Electrochemistry
N2  - Biologically sensitive field-effect devices (BioFEDs) advantageously combine the electronic field-effect functionality with the (bio)chemical receptor’s recognition ability for (bio)chemical sensing. In this review, basic and widely applied device concepts of silicon-based BioFEDs (ion-sensitive field-effect transistor, silicon nanowire transistor, electrolyte-insulator-semiconductor capacitor, light-addressable potentiometric sensor) are presented and recent progress (from 2019 to early 2021) is discussed. One of the main advantages of BioFEDs is the label-free sensing principle enabling to detect a large variety of biomolecules and bioparticles by their intrinsic charge. The review encompasses applications of BioFEDs for the label-free electrical detection of clinically relevant protein biomarkers, deoxyribonucleic acid molecules and viruses, enzyme-substrate reactions as well as recording of the cell acidification rate (as an indicator of cellular metabolism) and the extracellular potential.
Y1  - 2021
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.coelec.2021.100811
SN  - 2451-9103
IS  - Article number: 100811
PB  - Elsevier
CY  - Amsterdam
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Hugenroth, Kristin
A1  - Borchardt, Ralf
A1  - Ritter, Philine
A1  - Groß‑Hardt, Sascha
A1  - Meyns, Bart
A1  - Verbelen, Tom
A1  - Steinseifer, Ulrich
A1  - Kaufmann, Tim A. S.
A1  - Engelmann, Ulrich M.
T1  - Optimizing cerebral perfusion and hemodynamics during cardiopulmonary bypass through cannula design combining in silico, in vitro and in vivo input
JF  - Scientific Reports
N2  - Cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) is a standard technique for cardiac surgery, but comes with the risk of severe neurological complications (e.g. stroke) caused by embolisms and/or reduced cerebral perfusion. We report on an aortic cannula prototype design (optiCAN) with helical outflow and jet-splitting dispersion tip that could reduce the risk of embolic events and restores cerebral perfusion to 97.5% of physiological flow during CPB in vivo, whereas a commercial curved-tip cannula yields 74.6%. In further in vitro comparison, pressure loss and hemolysis parameters of optiCAN remain unaffected. Results are reproducibly confirmed in silico for an exemplary human aortic anatomy via computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations. Based on CFD simulations, we firstly show that optiCAN design improves aortic root washout, which reduces the risk of thromboembolism. Secondly, we identify regions of the aortic intima with increased risk of plaque release by correlating areas of enhanced plaque growth and high wall shear stresses (WSS). From this we propose another easy-to-manufacture cannula design (opti2CAN) that decreases areas burdened by high WSS, while preserving physiological cerebral flow and favorable hemodynamics. With this novel cannula design, we propose a cannulation option to reduce neurological complications and the prevalence of stroke in high-risk patients after CPB.
Y1  - 2021
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-96397-2
SN  - 2045-2322
VL  - 11
IS  - Art. No. 16800
SP  - 1
EP  - 12
PB  - Springer
CY  - Berlin
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Neumaier, Felix
A1  - Weiss, Miriam
A1  - Veldeman, Michael
A1  - Kotliar, Konstantin
A1  - Wiesmann, Martin
A1  - Schulze-Steinen, Henna
A1  - Höllig, Anke
A1  - Clusmann, Hans
A1  - Schubert, Gerrit Alexander
A1  - Albanna, Walid
T1  - Changes in endogenous daytime melatonin levels after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage – preliminary findings from an observational cohort study
JF  - Clinical Neurology and Neurosurgery
N2  - Aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) is associated with early and delayed brain injury due to several underlying and interrelated processes, which include inflammation, oxidative stress, endothelial, and neuronal apoptosis. Treatment with melatonin, a cytoprotective neurohormone with anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant and anti-apoptotic effects, has been shown to attenuate early brain injury (EBI) and to prevent delayed cerebral vasospasm in experimental aSAH models. Less is known about the role of endogenous melatonin for aSAH outcome and how its production is altered by the pathophysiological cascades initiated during EBI. In the present observational study, we analyzed changes in melatonin levels during the first three weeks after aSAH.
KW  - constructive alignment
KW  - examination
KW  - long-term retention
KW  - multimodal
KW  - practical learning
Y1  - 2021
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.clineuro.2021.106870
SN  - 0303-8467
VL  - 208
IS  - Article No.: 106870
PB  - Elsevier
CY  - Amsterdam
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Brockhaus, Moritz K.
A1  - Behbahani, Mehdi
A1  - Muris, Farina
A1  - Jansen, Sebastian V.
A1  - Schmitz- Rode, Thomas
A1  - Steinseifer, Ulrich
A1  - Clauser, Johanna C.
T1  - In vitro thrombogenicity testing of pulsatile mechanical circulatory support systems: Design and proof-of-concept
JF  - Artificial Organs
N2  - Thrombogenic complications are a main issue in mechanical circulatory support (MCS). There is no validated in vitro method available to quantitatively assess the thrombogenic performance of pulsatile MCS devices under realistic hemodynamic conditions. The aim of this study is to propose a method to evaluate the thrombogenic potential of new designs without the use of complex in-vivo trials. This study presents a novel in vitro method for reproducible thrombogenicity testing of pulsatile MCS systems using low molecular weight heparinized porcine blood. Blood parameters are continuously measured with full blood thromboelastometry (ROTEM; EXTEM, FIBTEM and a custom-made analysis HEPNATEM). Thrombus formation is optically observed after four hours of testing. The results of three experiments are presented each with two parallel loops. The area of thrombus formation inside the MCS device was reproducible. The implantation of a filter inside the loop catches embolizing thrombi without a measurable increase of platelet activation, allowing conclusions of the place of origin of thrombi inside the device. EXTEM and FIBTEM parameters such as clotting velocity (α) and maximum clot firmness (MCF) show a total decrease by around 6% with a characteristic kink after 180 minutes. HEPNATEM α and MCF rise within the first 180 minutes indicate a continuously increasing activation level of coagulation. After 180 minutes, the consumption of clotting factors prevails, resulting in a decrease of α and MCF. With the designed mock loop and the presented protocol we are able to identify thrombogenic hot spots inside a pulsatile pump and characterize their thrombogenic potential.
Y1  - 2021
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/aor.14046
SN  - 1525-1594
VL  - 45
IS  - 12
SP  - 1513
EP  - 1521
PB  - Wiley
CY  - Weinheim
ER  -