TY - JOUR A1 - Christ, D. A1 - Hollendung, A. A1 - Larue, H. A1 - Parl, C. A1 - Streun, M. A1 - Weber, S. A1 - Ziemons, Karl A1 - Halling, H. T1 - Homogenization of the MultiChannel PM gain by inserting light attenuating masks JF - 2003 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium Conference Record, Vol. 4 N2 - MultiChannel Photomultipliers (PM), like the R7600-00-M64 or R5900-00-M64 from Hamamatsu, are often chosen as photodetectors in high-resolution positron emission tomography (PET). A major problem of this PM is the nonuniform channel gain. In order to solve this problem, light attenuating masks were created. The aim of the masks is a homogenization of the output of all 64 channels using different hole sizes at the channel positions. The hole area, which is individually defined for the different channels, is inversely proportional to the channel gain. The measurements by inserting light attenuating masks improved a homogenization to a ratio of 1:1.2. Y1 - 2004 SN - 1082-3654 SP - 2382 EP - 2385 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Ziemons, Karl A1 - Heinrichs, U. A1 - Streun, M. A1 - Pietrzyk, U. T1 - Validation of GEANT3 simulation studies with a dual-head PMT ClearPET™ prototype JF - 2003 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium Conference Record, Vol. 5 N2 - The ClearPET™ project is proposed by working groups of the Crystal Clear Collaboration (CCC) to develop a 2nd generation high performance small animal positron emission tomograph (PET). High sensitivity and high spatial resolution is foreseen for the ClearPET™ camera by using a phoswich arrangement combining mixed lutetium yttrium aluminum perovskite (LuYAP:Ce) and lutetium oxyorthosilicate (LSO) scintillating crystals. Design optimizations for the first photomultiplier tube (PMT) based ClearPET camera are done with a Monte-Carlo simulation package implemented on GEANT3 (CERN, Geneva, Switzerland). A dual-head prototype has been built to test the frontend electronics and was used to validate the implementation of the GEANT3 simulation tool. Multiple simulations were performed following the experimental protocols to measure the intrinsic resolution and the sensitivity profile in axial and radial direction. Including a mean energy resolution of about 27.0% the simulated intrinsic resolution is about (1.41±0.11)mm compared to the measured of (1.48±0.06)mm. The simulated sensitivity profiles show a mean square deviation of 12.6% in axial direction and 3.6% in radial direction. Satisfactorily these results are representative for all designs and confirm the scanner geometry. Y1 - 2004 SN - 1082-3654 SP - 3053 EP - 3056 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Auffray, E. A1 - Bruyndonckx, P. A1 - Devroede, O. A1 - Fedorov, A. A1 - Ziemons, Karl T1 - The ClearPET project JF - Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment N2 - The Crystal Clear Collaboration has designed and is building a high-resolution small animal PET scanner. The design is based on the use of the Hamamatsu R7600-M64 multi-anode photomultiplier tube and a LSO/LuYAP phoswich matrix with one to one coupling between the crystals and the photo-detector. The complete system will have 80 PM tubes in four rings with an inner diameter of 137 mm and an axial field of view of 110 mm. The PM pulses are digitized by free-running ADCs and digital data processing determines the gamma energy, the phoswich layer and even the pulse arrival time. Single gamma interactions are recorded and coincidences are found by software. The gantry allows rotation of the detector modules around the field of view. Simulations, and measurements a 2×4 module test set-up predict a spatial resolution of 1.5 mm in the centre of the field of view and a sensitivity of 5.9% for a point source in the centre of the field of view. Y1 - 2004 SN - 0168-9002 N1 - Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Imaging Technologies in Biomedical Sciences VL - 527 IS - 1-2 SP - 171 EP - 174 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schwarzer, Klemens A1 - Werner, M. A1 - Hartz, T. T1 - Lacasa - an instrument for the energy analysis and optimisation of buildings including technical equipment JF - Proceedings / organised by: ISES Europe ... [Ed.: Deutsche Gesellschaft für Sonnenenergie e.V. - DGS, Munich ; PSE GmbH - Forschung Entwicklung Marketing, Freiburg]. - Vol. 2 Y1 - 2004 SN - 3-9809656-2-7 N1 - EuroSun <5, 2004, Freiburg, Breisgau> ; Internationales Sonnenforum <14, 2004, Freiburg, Breisgau> ; Deutsche Gesellschaft für Sonnenenergie ; CD-ROM-Ausg.: ISBN 3-9809656-4-3 SP - 2-489-2-494 PB - PSE CY - Freiburg [Breisgau] ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Sander, Volker A1 - Roy, Alain T1 - GARA: A Uniform Quality of Service Architecture / Roy, Alain ; Sander, Volker JF - Grid resource management : state of the art and future trends / ed. by Jarek Nabrzyski; Jennifer M. Schopf; Jan W̜eglarz Y1 - 2004 SN - 1-4020-7575-8 N1 - International series in operations research & management science ; 64 SP - 377 EP - 394 PB - Kluwer Academic Publ. CY - Boston ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Sander, Volker A1 - Fidler, Markus T1 - A parameter based admission control for differentiated services networks / Fidler, Markus ; Sander, Volker JF - Computer Networks. 44 (2004), H. 4 Y1 - 2004 SN - 1389-1286 SP - 463 EP - 479 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Sander, Volker A1 - Foster, Ian T. A1 - Fidler, Markus A1 - Roy, Alain T1 - End-to-end quality of service for high-end applications / Foster, Ian T. ; Fidler, Markus ; Roy, Alain ; Sander, Volker ; Winkler, Linda JF - Computer Communications. 27 (2004), H. 14 Y1 - 2004 SN - 0140-3664 SP - 1375 EP - 1388 ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Sander, Volker T1 - Optical Network Infrastructure for Grid / Simeonidou, Dimitra ... (ed.) Y1 - 2004 N1 - GFD-I.036 Category: Informational ; GHPN-RG PB - Global Grid Forum ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Sander, Volker T1 - Networking Issues for Grid Infrastructure / Sander, Volker (ed.) Y1 - 2004 N1 - GFD-I.037 Category: Informational ; Grid High Performance Networking Research Group PB - Global Grid Forum ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Havermann, Marc A1 - Seiler, Friedrich T1 - Boundary layer influence on supersonic jet cross flow interaction in hypersonic flow : DGLR/STAB-Fachsymposium Strömungsmechanik 2004, Bremer Innovations- und Technologiezentrum (BITZ), Bremen, FRG, 16. - 18. November 2004 / Havermann, M.; Seiler, F. Institut Franco-Allemand de Recherches de Saint-Louis Y1 - 2004 N1 - Publication / Institut Franco-Allemand de Recherches de Saint-Louis ; 658 PB - ISL CY - Saint-Louis ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Havermann, Marc T1 - Shock tunnel measurement of the interaction amplification factor for a hot gas side jet in a supersonic cross-flow : 24th International Symposium on Shock Waves, Beijing, China, July 11 - 16, 2004 / Institut Franco-Allemand de Recherches de Saint-Louis. Havermann, M. ... Y1 - 2004 N1 - Publication / Institut Franco-Allemand de Recherches de Saint-Louis ; 642 PB - ISL CY - Saint-Louis ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Havermann, Marc A1 - Seiler, F. A1 - George, A. A1 - Srulijes, J. T1 - Doppler Picture Velovimetry (DPV) applied to high speed shock tunnel flows : 11th International Symposium on Flow Visualization, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame/IN, USA, August 9 - 12, 2004 / Institut Franco-Allemand de Recherches de Saint-Louis. Seiler, F. ... Y1 - 2004 PB - ISL CY - Saint-Louis ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Heierli, Joachim A1 - Purves, Ross S. A1 - Felber, Andreas A1 - Kowalski, Julia T1 - Verification of nearest-neighbours interpretations in avalanche forecasting JF - Annals of Glaciology N2 - This paper examines the positive and negative aspects of a range of interpretations of nearest-neighbours models. Measures-oriented and distributionoriented verification methods are applied to categorial, probabilistic and descriptive interpretations of nearest neighbours used operationally in avalanche forecasting in Scotland and Switzerland. The dependence of skill and accuracy measures on base rate is illustrated. The purpose of the forecast and the definition of events are important variables in determining the quality of the forecast. A discussion of the application of different interpretations in operational avalanche forecasting is presented. KW - avalanche Y1 - 2004 SN - 1727-5644 VL - 38 IS - 1 SP - 84 EP - 88 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hoffschmidt, Bernhard A1 - Fend, Thomas A1 - Pitz-Paal, Robert A1 - Reutter, Oliver T1 - Two novel high-porosity materials as volumetric receivers for concentrated solar radiation / Thomas Fend ; Robert Pitz-Paal ; Oliver Reutter ... Bernhard Hoffschmidt JF - Solar energy materials & solar cells. 84 (2004), H. 1 Y1 - 2004 SN - 0927-0248 SP - 291 EP - 304 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Merschenz-Quack, Angelika A1 - Hemmerling, Hans-Jörg A1 - Wunderlich, Hartmut T1 - 1,2-Deoxygenation of vic-Dihydroxyindenoimidazoles: Optimization of a Novel Deoxygenation Reagent. I. / Hemmerling, Hans-Jörg ; Merschenz-Quack, Angelika ; Wunderlich, Hartmut JF - Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B. 59 (2004), H. 10 Y1 - 2004 SN - 0932-0776 SP - 1143 EP - 1152 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Dachwald, Bernd T1 - Interplanetary Mission Analysis for Non-Perfectly Reflecting Solar Sailcraft Using Evolutionary Neurocontrol JF - Astrodynamics 2003 : proceedings of the AAS/AIAA Astrodynamics Conference held August 3 - 7, 2003, Big Sky, Montana / ed. by Jean de Lafontaine. - Pt. 2. - (Advances in the astronautical sciences ; 116,2) Y1 - 2004 SN - 0-87703-509-1 N1 - Astrodynamics Conference <2003, Big Sky, Mont.> ; American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics ; AAS-03-579 SP - 1247 EP - 1262 PB - Univelt CY - San Diego, Calif. ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Dachwald, Bernd T1 - Low-Thrust Trajectory Optimization and Interplanetary Mission Analysis Using Evolutionary Neurocontrol JF - Deutscher Luft- und Raumfahrtkongress 2004 : Dresden, 20. bis 23. September 2004, Motto: Luft- und Raumfahrt - Brücke für eine wissensbasierte Gesellschaft / Deutsche Gesellschaft für Luft- und Raumfahrt - Lilienthal-Oberth e.V. (DGLR). [Red.: Peter Brandt (verantwortlich)]. - Bd. 2. - (Jahrbuch ... der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Luft- und Raumfahrt) Y1 - 2004 N1 - Deutscher Luft- und Raumfahrt-Kongress <2004, Dresden> ; Deutsche Gesellschaft für Luft- und Raumfahrt - Lilienthal-Oberth ; DGLR-2004-116 SP - 917 EP - 926 CY - Bonn ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Dachwald, Bernd T1 - Evolutionary Neurocontrol: A Smart Method for Global Optimization of Low-Thrust Trajectories JF - 22nd AIAA Applied Aerodynamics Conference and Exhibit - AIAA/AAS Astrodynamics Specialist Conference and Exhibit - AIAA Guidance, Navigation, and Control Conference and Exhibit - AIAA Modeling and Simulation Technologies Conference and Exhibit - AIAA Atmospheric Flight Mechanics Conference and Exhibit : 16 - 19 August 2004, Providence, Rhode Island / American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics. - (AIAA meeting papers on disc ; 2004,14-15) Y1 - 2004 N1 - American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics ; AIAA/AAS Astrodynamics Specialist Conference and Exhibit <2004, Providence, RI> ; AIAA paper number: AIAA-2004-5405 PB - American Inst. of Aeronautics and Astronautics CY - Reston, Va. ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Dachwald, Bernd T1 - Optimal Solar Sail Trajectories for Missions to the Outer Solar System JF - 22nd AIAA Applied Aerodynamics Conference and Exhibit - AIAA/AAS Astrodynamics Specialist Conference and Exhibit - AIAA Guidance, Navigation, and Control Conference and Exhibit - AIAA Modeling and Simulation Technologies Conference and Exhibit - AIAA Atmospheric Flight Mechanics Conference and Exhibit : 16 - 19 August 2004, Providence, Rhode Island / American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics. - (AIAA meeting papers on disc ; 2004,14-15) Y1 - 2004 N1 - American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics ; AIAA/AAS Astrodynamics Specialist Conference and Exhibit <2004, Providence, RI> ; AIAA paper number: AIAA-2004-5406 PB - American Inst. of Aeronautics and Astronautics CY - Reston, Va. ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Dachwald, Bernd T1 - Minimum Transfer Times for Nonperfectly Reflecting Solar Sailcraft JF - Journal of Spacecraft and Rockets. 41 (2004), H. 4 Y1 - 2004 SN - 0022-4650 N1 - 2. ISSN: 1533-6794 SP - 693 EP - 695 ER -