TY - JOUR A1 - Schöning, Michael Josef A1 - Poghossian, Arshak A1 - Schultze, J. W. A1 - Lüth, H. T1 - Field-effect based multifunctional hybrid sensor module for the determination of both (bio-)chemical and physical paramters JF - Proceedings of SPIE. 4576 (2002) Y1 - 2002 SP - 149 EP - 159 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schöning, Michael Josef A1 - Simonis, Anette A1 - Ruge, Christian A1 - Ecken, Holger A1 - Müller-Veggian, Mattea A1 - Lüth, Hans T1 - A (bio-)chemical Field-effect Sensor with Macroporous Si as Substrate Material and a SiO₂ / LPCVD-Si₃N₄ Double Layer as pH Transducer JF - Sensors. 2 (2002), H. 1 N2 - Macroporous silicon has been etched from n-type Si, using a vertical etching cell where no rear side contact on the silicon wafer is necessary. The resulting macropores have been characterised by means of Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). After etching, SiO₂ was thermally grown on the top of the porous silicon as an insulating layer and Si₃N₄ was deposited by means of Low Pressure Chemical Vapour Deposition (LPCVD) as transducer material to fabricate a capacitive pH sensor. In order to prepare porous biosensors, the enzyme penicillinase has been additionally immobilised inside the porous structure. Electrochemical measurements of the pH sensor and the biosensor with an Electrolyte/Insulator/Semiconductor (EIS) structure have been performed in the Capacitance/Voltage (C/V) and Constant capacitance (ConCap) mode. Y1 - 2002 SN - 1424-8220 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/s20100011 SP - 11 EP - 22 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Artmann, Gerhard A1 - Trzewik, Jürgen A1 - Ates, M. T1 - A novel method to quantify mechanical tension in cell monolayers. Trzewik, Jürgen; Ates, M., Artmann, Gerhard Michael JF - Biomedizinische Technik. 47 (2002), H. Suppl. 1. Pt. 1 Y1 - 2002 SN - 0013-5585 N1 - Druckausgabe unter 63 Z 47 vorhanden SP - 379 EP - 381 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Maggakis-Kelemen, Christina A1 - Biselli, Manfred A1 - Artmann, Gerhard T1 - Determination of the elastic shear modulus of cultured human red blood cells JF - Biomedizinische Technik. 47 (2002), H. Suppl. 1 Pt. 1 Y1 - 2002 SN - 0013-5585 N1 - Druckausgabe unter 63 Z 471 vorhanden SP - 106 EP - 109 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Artmann, Gerhard A1 - Zhou-Stache, J. A1 - Buettner, R. A1 - Mittermayer, C. [u.a.] T1 - Inhibition of TNF-alpha induced cell death in HUVEC and Jurkat cells by protocatechuic acid. Zhou-Stache, J.; Buettner, R.; Artmann, Gerhard Michael; Mittermayer, C.; Bosserhoff, A. K. JF - Medical and Biological Engineering and Computing. 40 (2002), H. 6 Y1 - 2002 SN - 0140-0118 SP - 698 EP - 703 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Staat, Manfred T1 - Some Achievements of the European Project LISA for FEM Based Limit and Shakedown Analysis JF - Computational mechanics : developments and applications, 2002 : presented at the 2002 ASME Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, August 5 - 9. / Badie, N. [ed] Y1 - 2002 SN - 0791846520 N1 - Serie PVP ; vol. 441. SP - 177 EP - 185 PB - American Society of Mechanical Engineers CY - New York ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Staat, Manfred A1 - Heitzer, M. T1 - Limit and Shakedown Analysis with Uncertain Data JF - Stochastic optimization techniques : numerical methods and technical applications / Marti, K. [ed] Y1 - 2002 SN - 3-540-42889-5 SP - 241 EP - 254 PB - Springer CY - Heidelberg ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Dahmann, Peter A1 - Hagemeister, W. A1 - Nagel, A1 - Exner, T1 - Geschwindigkeits- und Positionsregelung eines hydraulischen Handlinggerätes in einem Ziegelwerk durch frequenzgeregelte Innenzahnradpumpe im Mehrquadrantenbetrieb JF - Fluid power focused on applications : 3rd International Fluid Power Conference (3rd IFK) ; [conference proceedings, March 5th and 6th 2002, Aachen, Germany]. Fluidtechnik, Band T3 Y1 - 2002 SN - 3-8265-9900-4 N1 - Konferenz-Einzelbericht SP - 83 EP - 94 PB - Shaker CY - Aachen ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Fabo, Sabine T1 - Learning from Brachelen JF - Freistil (Boxhorn ; 8) Y1 - 2002 SP - 2,1 EP - 2,31 PB - FH Aachen, Fachbereich Gestaltung CY - Aachen ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schöning, Michael Josef A1 - Wang, Josepf A1 - Krause, Robin A1 - Block, Kirstin A1 - Musameh, Mustafa A1 - Mulchandani, Ashok A1 - Mulchandani, Priti A1 - Chen, Wilfred T1 - Dual amperometric-potentiometric biosensor detection system for monitoring organophosphorus neurotoxins JF - Analyica Chimica Acta. 469 (2002), H. 2 Y1 - 2002 SN - 0378-4304 SP - 197 EP - 203 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schöning, Michael Josef A1 - Kloock, Joachim P. A1 - Mourzina, Y. A1 - Schubert, J. T1 - A first step towards a microfabricated thin-film sensor array on the basis of chalcogenide glass materials JF - Sensors. 2 (2002), H. 9 Y1 - 2002 SN - 1424-8220 SP - 356 EP - 365 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schöning, Michael Josef A1 - Simonis, A. A1 - Krings, T. A1 - Lüth, H. A1 - Wang, J. T1 - Evaluation of a chip-based thin-film / thick-film sensor hybrid for (bio-)chemical analysis JF - Electroanalysis Y1 - 2002 SN - 1040-0397 VL - 14 IS - 13 SP - 955 EP - 958 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Ermelenko, Y. A1 - Yoshinobu, T A1 - Mourzina, Y. A1 - Levichev, S. A1 - Furuichi, K. A1 - Vlasov, Y. A1 - Schöning, Michael Josef A1 - Iwasaki, H. T1 - Photocurable membranes for ion-selective light-addressable potentiometric sensors JF - Sensors and Actuators B. 85 (2002), H. 1-2 Y1 - 2002 SN - 0925-4005 SP - 79 EP - 85 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Vlasov, Y. G. A1 - Mourzina, Y. G. A1 - Legin, A. V. A1 - Ermelenko, Y. E. A1 - Schubert, J. A1 - Schöning, Michael Josef A1 - Lüth, H. T1 - Solid-state thin film sensors based on chalcogenide materials prepared by planar technology and pulsed laser deposition JF - Russian Journal of Applied Chemistry. 75 (2002), H. 3 Y1 - 2002 SN - 1070-4272 SP - 351 EP - 356 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Sponagel, Stefan A1 - Baroud, G. A1 - Steffen, T. A1 - Wu, J. T1 - Parameter identification for cement infiltration of osteoporotic bone JF - Poromechanics II : Proceedings of the Second Biot Conference on Poromechanics Grenoble, France 26 - 28 August 2002 / ed. by J.-L. Auriault ... Y1 - 2002 SN - 90-5809-394-8 SP - 55 EP - 58 PB - Balkema CY - Lisse [u.a.] ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Ermelenko, Y. A1 - Yoshinobu, T. A1 - Mourzina, Y. A1 - Schöning, Michael Josef A1 - Vlasov, Y. A1 - Iwasaki, H. T1 - The hybrid K+/Ca2+ sensor based on laser scanned silicon transducer for multi-component analysis JF - Proceedings of ICAS 2001, IUPAC [3rd] International Congress on Analytical Sciences 2001 : August 6 - 10, 2001, Waseda University, Tokyo Y1 - 2002 N1 - International Congress on Analytical Sciences <2001, Tokyo> ; International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry. Pure and applied chemistry ; 73,10. ; Analytical sciences ; 17.2001, special issue SP - i777 EP - i780 PB - Japan Society for Analytical Chemistry CY - Tokyo ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Jochim, Haldor E. T1 - Charging rail operators for delays – how not to do it JF - Networks for mobility : International Symposium, September 18 - 20, 2002, Stuttgart, Germany ; proceedings / University of Stuttgart, Centre of Transporation Research (FOVUS). W. Möhlenbrink ... (eds.) Y1 - 2002 SN - 3893010858 N1 - International Symposium ; (2002.09.18-20 : ; Stuttgart) PB - FOVUS CY - Stuttgart ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schöning, Michael Josef A1 - Poghossian, Arshak T1 - Recent advances in biologically sensitive field-effect transistors (BioFETs) JF - Analyst. 127 (2002) Y1 - 2002 SN - 0003-2654 SP - 1137 EP - 1151 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schäfer, Horst A1 - Heil, Günter T1 - Modeling and Graphic Presentation of Acid–Base Titration Curves. Presentation of an Alternative Method JF - The Chemical Educator. 7 (2002), H. 6 Y1 - 2002 SN - 1430-4171 SP - 339 EP - 346 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wahle, Michael A1 - Weber, M. T1 - Simulationsmodell zur Darstellung der Eigenschaften von Fahrzeug-Stoßdämpfern bei beliebiger dynamischer Belastung, Simulationsmodell für Stoßdämpfer Y1 - 2002 N1 - Report: bmb+f. Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung, Forschungsberichte (2002) Seite 1-76 (76 Seiten, Bilder, 21 Quellen), Report-Nr. 17.036.99 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schmitz, Günter A1 - Vom Hemdt, A. A1 - Breitschuh, S. A1 - Graber, S. T1 - Virtuelle Praktika für die Ingenieurausbildung JF - NetWorlds : Leben und Arbeiten in vernetzten Welten ; VDE-Kongress 2002, 21. bis 23. Oktober 2002 in Dresden / Gesamtleitung: J. Eberspächer Y1 - 2002 SN - 3-8007-2723-4 SP - 69 EP - 74 PB - VDE-Verl. CY - Berlin [u.a.] ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schöning, Michael Josef A1 - Yoshinobu, T. A1 - Schubert, J. A1 - Steffen, A. A1 - Lüth, H. T1 - Innovative Schichttechniken und Messprinzipien für kapazitive Feldeffektsensoren JF - Sensoren und Mess-Systeme : Vorträge der 11. ITG/GMA-Fachtagung vom 11. bis 12. März 2002 in Ludwigsburg / Veranst.: Informationstechnische Gesellschaft im VDE (ITG) ... Wiss. Tagungsleitung: C. D. Kohl .... Y1 - 2002 SN - 3-8007-2675-0 N1 - Sensoren und Mess-Systeme 2002 SP - 151 EP - 154 PB - VDE-Verl. CY - Berlin [u.a.] ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kloock, Joachim P. A1 - Mourzina, Y.G. A1 - Yoshinobu, T. A1 - Schubert, J. A1 - Schöning, Michael Josef T1 - Chalkogenidglassensoren für die Schwermetallanalytik JF - Sensoren und Mess-Systeme : Vorträge der 11. ITG/GMA-Fachtagung vom 11. bis 12. März 2002 in Ludwigsburg / Veranst.: Informationstechnische Gesellschaft im VDE (ITG) ... Wiss. Tagungsleitung: C. D. Kohl .... Y1 - 2002 SN - 3-8007-2675-0 N1 - Sensoren und Mess-Systeme 2002 SP - 395 EP - 398 PB - VDE-Verl. CY - Berlin [u.a.] ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Poghossian, Arshak A1 - Berndsen, L. A1 - Lüth, H. A1 - Schultze, J. W. A1 - Schöning, Michael Josef T1 - Multi-Parameter-Detektions-System unter dem Einsatz eines einzigen Transducerprinzips sowohl für (bio-)chemische als auch physikalische Sensoren JF - Sensoren und Mess-Systeme : Vorträge der 11. ITG/GMA-Fachtagung vom 11. bis 12. März 2002 in Ludwigsburg / Veranst.: Informationstechnische Gesellschaft im VDE (ITG) ... Wiss. Tagungsleitung: C. D. Kohl .... Y1 - 2002 SN - 3-8007-2675-0 N1 - Sensoren und Mess-Systeme 2002 SP - 137 EP - 140 PB - VDE-Verl. CY - Berlin [u.a.] ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Blome, Hans-Joachim A1 - Hoell, Josef A1 - Priester, Wolfgang T1 - Kosmologie JF - Sterne und Weltraum : [enthält 45 Tab.] / Hrsg.: Wilhelm Raith. Autoren: Hans Joachim Blome ... 2., stark erw. und aktualisierte Aufl. Y1 - 2002 SN - 3-11-016866-9 N1 - Lehrbuch der Experimentalphysik ; 8 SP - 439 EP - 582 PB - de Gruyter CY - Berlin [u.a.] ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Blome, Hans-Joachim T1 - Kosmologie: Geschichte des Kosmos und Extrapolationen in die Zukunft JF - Der Mensch im Kosmos. 3. ; Berichtsband eines Workshops vom 19. bis 21. April 2001, Kurverwaltung, Medienzentrum Bad Oeynhausen : Der Mensch im Kosmos / Peter R. Sahm ; Gerhard P. J. Thiele (Hrsg.) Y1 - 2002 SN - 3-8265-9737-0 PB - Shaker CY - Aachen ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Mourzina, Y. A1 - Yoshinobu, T. A1 - Ermelenko, Y. A1 - Furuichi, K. A1 - Vlasov, Y. A1 - Schöning, Michael Josef A1 - Iwasaki, H. T1 - Technology of photocurable membranes for ion sensors based on laser scanned semiconductor transducer (LSST) JF - Book of abstracts / ed. by J. Saneistr. Y1 - 2002 SN - 80-01-02576-4 N1 - Eurosensors ; (16, 2002, Praha) SP - 254 EP - 257 PB - Czech Technical University, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Department of Measurement CY - Prague ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schöning, Michael Josef A1 - Krause, R. A1 - Block, K. A1 - Musameh, M. A1 - Mulchandani, A. A1 - Wang, J. T1 - A dual amperometric / potentiometric FIA-based biosensor for the distinctive detection of organophosphorus pesticides JF - Book of abstracts / ed. by J. Saneistr. Y1 - 2002 SN - 80-01-02576-4 N1 - Eurosensors ; (16, 2002, Praha) SP - 76 EP - 79 PB - Czech Technical University, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Department of Measurement CY - Prague ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Poghossian, Arshak A1 - Berndsen, L. A1 - Schöning, Michael Josef T1 - Chemical sensor as a physical sensor: ISFET-based flowvelocity, flow-direction and diffusion-coefficient sensor JF - Book of abstracts / ed. by J. Saneistr. Y1 - 2002 SN - 80-01-02576-4 N1 - Eurosensors ; (16, 2002, Praha) SP - 649 EP - 652 PB - Czech Technical University, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Department of Measurement CY - Prague ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Yoshinobu, T. A1 - Schöning, Michael Josef A1 - Otto, R. A1 - Furuichi, K. A1 - Mourzina, Yu A1 - Ermelenko, Yu A1 - Iwasaki, I. T1 - Portable light-addressable potentiometric sensor (LAPS) for multisensor applications JF - Book of abstracts / ed. by J. Saneistr. Y1 - 2002 SN - 80-01-02576-4 N1 - Eurosensors ; (16, 2002, Praha) SP - 898 EP - 901 PB - Czech Technical University, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Department of Measurement CY - Prague ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Keusgen, M. A1 - Jünger, M. A1 - Schöning, Michael Josef T1 - Biosensoric detection of the cysteine sulphoxide alliin JF - Book of abstracts / ed. by J. Saneistr. Y1 - 2002 SN - 80-01-02576-4 N1 - Eurosensors ; (16, 2002, Praha) SP - 1175 EP - 1178 PB - Czech Technical University, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Department of Measurement CY - Prague ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schmitt, G. A1 - Werner, C. A1 - Schöning, Michael Josef T1 - Microelectrochemical efficiency evaluation of inhibitors for CO2 corrosion of carbon steel under high shear stress gradients JF - Corrosion 2002. Conference Proceedings. NACExpo, 57th Annual Conference and Exhibition, Denver, US, Apr 7-11, 2002 Y1 - 2002 N1 - Paper 02280 SP - 1 EP - 11 PB - NACE International CY - Houston, Texas ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Förster, Arnold A1 - Stock, J. A1 - Indlekofer, K. M. T1 - Perspectives of resonant tunneling diodes JF - Recent research developments in materials science & engineering/ 1,2 Y1 - 2002 SN - 81-7895-057-X N1 - Nebent.: Materials science & engineering SP - 527 EP - 556 PB - Transworld Research Network CY - Trivandrum, India ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Förster, Arnold A1 - Indlekofer, K.M. A1 - Lüth, H. T1 - Density-matrix description of a quantum dot system with variable lateral confinement in the single-electron tunneling regime. Indlekofer, K.M.; Förster, A.; Lüth, H. JF - Physica B: Condensed Matter. 314 (2002), H. 1-4 Y1 - 2002 SN - 0921-4526 SP - 499 EP - 502 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Faber, Christian A1 - Fritzsche, Ulrich A1 - Schwarzer, Klemens T1 - Vergleich der Ergebnisse des quasidynamischen und stationären Kollektortests nach En 12975-2 / Fritzsche, Ulrich ; Faber, Christian ; Schwarzer, Klemens JF - Zwölftes Symposium Thermische Solarenergie : 24. bis 26. April 2002 / [wiss. Gesamtleitung: Volker Wittwer. Veranst.: OTTI-Energie-Kolleg. Mitveranst.: Arbeitsgemeinschaft Kommunaler Versorgungsunternehmen zur Sparsamen Ernergie- und Wasserverwendung (ASEW), Köln ...] Y1 - 2002 SN - 3-934681-20-4 N1 - Symposium Thermische Solarenergie <12, 2002, Kloster Banz> ; Energie-Kolleg SP - 135 EP - 139 PB - OTTI-Energie-Kolleg CY - Regensburg ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Müller-Veggian, Mattea A1 - Cesari, V. A1 - De Nardo, L. A1 - Colautti, P. T1 - First microdosimetric measurements with a 10b-loaded TEPC JF - Annual report / Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, LNL, Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro. 2001 (2002) Y1 - 2002 SN - 88-7337-002-0 N1 - LNL-INFN(REP)-182/2002 SP - 110 EP - 111 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Selmer, Thorsten A1 - Willanzheimer, Angela A1 - Hetzel, Marc T1 - Propionate CoA-transferase from Clostridium propionicum. Cloning of the gene and identification of glutamate 324 at the active site JF - European Journal of Biochemistry. 269 (2002), H. 1 Y1 - 2002 SN - 0014-2956 SP - 372 EP - 380 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Selmer, Thorsten A1 - Netz, Daili Jacqueline Aguilar A1 - Pohl, Regula A1 - Beck-Sickinger, Annette G. T1 - Biochemical characterisation and genetic analysis of aureocin A53, a new, atypical bacteriocin from Staphylococcus aureus / Netz, Daili Jacqueline Aguilar ; Pohl, Regula ; Beck-Sickinger, Annette G. ; Selmer, Thorsten ; Pierik, Antonio J. ; Carmo de Frei JF - Journal of Molecular Biology. 319 (2002), H. 3 Y1 - 2002 SN - 0022-2836 SP - 745 EP - 756 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Prume, Klaus A1 - Franken, Klaus A1 - Böttger, Ulrich A1 - Waser, Rainer T1 - Modelling and numerical simulation of the electrical, mechanical, and thermal coupled behaviour of Multilayer capacitors (MLCs) / Prume, Klaus ; Franken, Klaus ; Böttger, Ulrich ; Waser, Rainer ; Maier, Horst R. JF - Journal of the European Ceramic Society. 22 (2002), H. 8 Y1 - 2002 SN - 0955-2219 SP - 1285 EP - 1296 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Prume, Klaus A1 - Roelofs, Andreas A1 - Schmitz, Thorsten A1 - Reichenberg, Bernd T1 - Compensation of the Parasitic Capacitance of a Scanning Force Microscope Cantilever Used for Measurements on Ferroelectric Capacitors of Submicron Size by Means of Finite Element Simulations / Prume, Klaus ; Roelofs, Andreas ; Schmitz, Thorsten ; Reichenb JF - Japanese Journal of Applied Physics. 41 (2002), H. 11B Y1 - 2002 SN - 0021-4922 SP - 7198 EP - 7201 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Knüppel, Mark T1 - Pro-Forma-Angaben JF - Handbuch der Bilanzierung : das gesamte Wissen zur Rechnungslegung nach HGB, EStG und IFRS / Federmann, Rudolf ; Gnam, Arnulf ; Ammedick, Oliver Y1 - 2002 N1 - Aktuelle Informationen in Erg.-Lfg. 122 [nicht mehr vorhanden] SP - 1950 EP - 1952 PB - Haufe CY - Freiburg ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Öhlschläger, Peter A1 - Michel, Nico A1 - Osen, Wolfram A1 - Freyschmidt, Eva-Jasmin T1 - T cell response to human papillomavirus 16 E7 in mice: comparison of Cr release assay, intracellular IFN-gamma production, ELISPOT and tetramer staining / Michel, Nico ; Öhlschläger, Peter ; Osen, Wolfram ; Freyschmidt, Eva-Jasmin ; Gutöhrlein, Heidrun ; JF - Intervirology. 45 (2002) Y1 - 2002 SN - 1423-0100 SP - 290 EP - 299 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Ferrein, Alexander A1 - Dylla, Frank A1 - Lakemeyer, Gerhard T1 - Acting and Deliberating using Golog in Robotic Soccer - A Hybrid Architecture / Dylla, Frank ; Ferrein, Alexander ; Lakemeyer, Gerhard JF - Proc. 3rd International Cognitive Robotics Workshop (CogRob 2002) Y1 - 2002 SP - 1 EP - 7 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Pfeiffer, Johann T1 - Gute Chancen im Maschinenbau JF - Aachener Nachrichten / Aachener Zeitung : Sonderbeil. (2002) Y1 - 2002 PB - - ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Pfeiffer, Johann T1 - Gute Chancen im Maschinenbau JF - Rheinische Post : Sonderbeil. (2002) Y1 - 2002 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Pfeiffer, Johann T1 - Chancen im Maschinenbau JF - Fachblatt : Journal der Fachhochschule Aachen . 2002 (2002), H. 1 Y1 - 2002 SP - 2 PB - - ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Heinrich, U. A1 - Blum, A. A1 - Bussmann, N. A1 - Engels, R. A1 - Kemmerling, G. A1 - Weber, S. A1 - Ziemons, Karl T1 - Statistical studies on the light output and energy resolution of small LSO single crystals with different surface treatments combined with various reflector materials JF - Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment N2 - The optimization of light output and energy resolution of scintillators is of special interest for the development of high resolution and high sensitivity PET. The aim of this work is to obtain statistically reliable results concerning optimal surface treatment of scintillation crystals and the selection of reflector material. For this purpose, raw, mechanically polished and etched LSO crystals (size 2×2×10 mm3) were combined with various reflector materials (Teflon tape, Teflon matrix, BaSO4) and exposed to a 22Na source. In order to ensure the statistical reliability of the results, groups of 10 LSO crystals each were measured for all combinations of surface treatment and reflector material. Using no reflector material the light output increased up to 551±35% by mechanical polishing the surface compared to 100±5% for raw crystals. Etching the surface increased the light output to 441±29%. The untreated crystals had an energy resolution of 24.6±4.0%. By mechanical polishing the surface it was possible to achieve an energy resolution of 13.2±0.8%, by etching of 14.8±0.7%. In combination with BaSO4 as reflector material the maximum increase of light output has been established to 932±57% for mechanically polished and 895±61% for etched crystals. The combination with BaSO4 also caused the best improvement of the energy resolution up to 11.6±0.2% for mechanically polished and 12.2±0.3% for etched crystals. Relating to the light output there was no significant statistical difference between the two surface treatments in combination with BaSO4. In contrast to this, the statistical results of the energy resolution have shown the combination of mechanical polishing and BaSO4 as the optimum. Y1 - 2002 SN - 0168-9002 N1 - Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Inorganic Scin tillators and their Use in Scientific and Industrial Applications VL - 486 IS - 1-2 SP - 60 EP - 66 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Streun, M. A1 - Brandenburg, G. A1 - Larue, H. A1 - Zimmermann, E. A1 - Ziemons, Karl A1 - Halling, H. T1 - A PET system with free running ADCs JF - Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment N2 - A small PET system has been built up with two multichannel photomultipliers, which are attached to a matrix of 64 single LSO crystals each. The signal from each multiplier is being sampled continuously by a 12 bit ADC at a sampling frequency of 40 MHz. In case of a scintillation pulse a subsequent FPGA sends the corresponding set of samples together with the channel information and a time mark to the host computer. The data transfer is performed with a rate of 20 MB/s. On the host all necessary information is extracted from the data. The pulse energy is determined, coincident events are detected and multiple hits within one matrix can be identified. In order to achieve a narrow time window the pulse starting time is refined further than the resolution of the time mark (=25 ns) would allow. This is possible by interpolating between the pulse samples. First data obtained from this system will be presented. The system is part of developments for a much larger system and has been created to study the feasibility and performance of the technique and the hardware architecture. Y1 - 2002 SN - 0168-9002 N1 - Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Inorganic Scin tillators and their Use in Scientific and Industrial Applications VL - 486 IS - 1-2 SP - 18 EP - 21 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Streun, M. A1 - Brandenburg, G. A1 - Larue, H. A1 - Zimmermann, E. A1 - Ziemons, Karl A1 - Halling, H. T1 - Coincidence detection by digital processing of free-running sampled pulses JF - Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment N2 - Coincident events in two scintillator crystals coupled to photomultipliers (PMT) are detected by processing just the digital data of the recorded pulses. For this purpose the signals from both PMTs are continuously sampled by free-running ADCs at a sampling rate of 40 MHz. For each sampled pulse the starting time is determined by processing the pulse data. Even a fairly simple interpolating algorithm results in a FWHM of about 2 ns. Y1 - 2002 SN - 0168-9002 VL - 487 IS - 3 SP - 530 EP - 534 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Khodaverdi, M. A1 - Pauly, F. A1 - Schroder, G. A1 - Ziemons, Karl A1 - Sievering, R. A1 - Halling, H. T1 - Preliminary studies of a micro-CT for a combined small animal PET/CT scanner JF - 2001 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium Conference Record, Vol. 3 N2 - We are developing an X-ray computed tomography (CT) system which will be combined with a high resolution animal PET system. This permits acquisition of both molecular and anatomical images in a single machine. In particular the CT will also be utilized for the quantification of the animal PET data by providing accurate data for attenuation correction. A first prototype has been built using a commercially available plane silicon diode detector. A cone-beam reconstruction provides the images using the Feldkamp algorithm. First measurements with this system have been performed on a mouse. It could be shown that the CT setup fulfils all demands for a high quality image of the skeleton of the mouse. It is also suited for soft tissue measurements. To improve contrast and resolution and to acquire the X-ray energy further development of the system, especially the use of semiconductor detectors and iterative reconstruction algorithms are planned. Y1 - 2002 SN - 1082-3654 SP - 1605 EP - 1606 ER -