TY  - JOUR
A1  - Kraff, Oliver
A1  - Bitz, Andreas
A1  - Breyer, Tobias
A1  - Kruszona, Stefan
A1  - Maderwald, Stefan
A1  - Brote, Irina
A1  - Gizewski, Elke R.
A1  - Ladd, Mark E.
A1  - Quick, Harald H.
T1  - A transmit/receive radiofrequency array for imaging the carotid arteries at 7 Tesla: coil design and first in vivo results
JF  - Investigative Radiology
N2  - Objective: 
To develop a transmit/receive radiofrequency (RF) array for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the carotid arteries at 7 T. The prototype is characterized in numerical simulations and bench measurements, and the feasibility of plaque imaging at 7 T is demonstrated in first in vivo images.

Materials and Methods: 
The RF phased array coil consists of 8 surface loop coils. To allow imaging of both sides of the neck, the RF array is divided into 2 coil clusters, each with 4 overlapping loop elements. For safety validation, numerical computations of the RF field distribution and the corresponding specific absorption rate were performed on the basis of a heterogeneous human body model. To validate the coil model, maps of the transmit B1+ field were compared between simulation and measurement. In vivo images of a healthy volunteer and a patient (ulcerating plaque and a 50% stenosis of the right internal carotid artery) were acquired using a 3-dimensional FLASH sequence with a high isotropic spatial resolution of 0.54 mm as well as using pulse-triggered proton density (PD)/T2-weighted turbo spin echo sequences.

Results: 
Measurements of the S-parameters yielded a reflection and isolation of the coil elements of better than −18 and −13 dB, respectively. Measurements of the g-factor indicated good image quality for parallel imaging acceleration factors up to 2.4. A similar distribution and a very good match of the absolute values were found between the measured and simulated B1+ transmit RF field for the validation of the coil model. In vivo images revealed good signal excitation of both sides of the neck and a high vessel-to-background image contrast for the noncontrast-enhanced 3-dimensional FLASH sequence. Imaging at 7 T could depict the extent of stenosis, and revealed the disruption and ulcer of the plaque.

Conclusions: 
This study demonstrates that 2 four-channel transmit/receive RF arrays for each side of the neck is a suitable concept for in vivo MRI of the carotid arteries at 7 Tesla. Further studies are needed to explore and exploit the full potential of 7 T high-field MRI for carotid atherosclerotic plaque imaging.
Y1  - 2011
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/RLI.0b013e318206cee4
SN  - 1536-0210
VL  - 46
IS  - 4
SP  - 246
EP  - 254
PB  - Wolters Kluwer
CY  - Köln
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Ndoumbè Mbonjo Mbonjo, H.
A1  - Streckert, J.
A1  - Bitz, Andreas
A1  - Hansen, V.
A1  - Glasmachers, A.
A1  - Gencol, S.
A1  - Rozic, D.
T1  - Generic UMTS test signal for RF bioelectromagnetic studies
JF  - Bioelectromagnetics
Y1  - 2004
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bem.20007
SN  - 1521-186X
VL  - 25
IS  - 6
SP  - 415
EP  - 425
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Sommer, Angela M.
A1  - Streckert, Joachim
A1  - Bitz, Andreas
A1  - Hansen, Volkert W.
A1  - Lerchl, Alexander
T1  - No effects of GSM-modulated 900 MHz electromagnetic fields on survival rate and spontaneous development of lymphoma in female AKR/J mice
JF  - BMC Cancer
Y1  - 2004
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2407-4-77
VL  - 77
IS  - 4
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Hansen, Volkert W.
A1  - Bitz, Andreas
A1  - Streckert, Joachim R.
T1  - RF Exposure of Biological Systems in Radial Waveguides
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Electromagnetic Compatibility
Y1  - 1999
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/15.809852
SN  - 1558-187X
VL  - 41
IS  - 4
SP  - 487
EP  - 493
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Bitz, Andreas
A1  - Kobus, Thiele
A1  - Scheenen, Tom W. J.
A1  - Ladd, Mark E.
T1  - RF Safety of the Combination of a 31P Tx/Rx Endorectal Coil & a 1H Tx/Rx Body Array for 31P MRSI of the Prostate at 7T (311.)
T2  - 20th Annual ISMRM scientific meeting and exhibition 2012 : Melbourne, Australia, 5 - 11 May 2012
Y1  - 2013
SN  - 978-1-62276-943-8
SN  - 1545-4428
IS  - Volume 1
SP  - 311
PB  - Curran
CY  - Red Hook, NY
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Bitz, Andreas
A1  - Kraff, O.
A1  - Orzada, S.
A1  - Maderwald, S.
A1  - Brote, I.
A1  - Johst, S.
A1  - Ladd, E.
T1  - Assessment of RF Safety of Transmit Coils at 7 Tesla by Experimental and Numerical Procedures (490.)
T2  - 19th annual ISMRM scientific meeting and exhibition 2011 : Montreal, Quebec, Canada, 7 - 13 May 2011
Y1  - 2012
SN  - 978-1-61839-284-8
IS  - Volume 1
SP  - 475
PB  - Curran
CY  - Red Hook, NY
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Bitz, Andreas
A1  - Kraff, O.
A1  - Orzada, S.
A1  - Maderwald, S.
A1  - Brote, I.
A1  - Ladd, M.
T1  - Experimental and Numerical Assessment of RF Safety of Transmit Coils at 7 Tesla
T2  - ISMRM workshop on MR safety 2010 : RF heating of the human in MRI : workshop series. The Washington County Historic Courthouse, Stillwater, Minnesota, USA, 15 - 17 October 2010
Y1  - 2010
SN  - 978-1-62276-088-6
SP  - 195
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Schwanke, Peter
A1  - Höfken, Hans-Wilhelm
A1  - Schuba, Marko
T1  - Security Analysis of the ADS Protocol of a Beckhoff CX2020 PLC
N2  - ICSs (Industrial Control Systems) and its subset SCADA systems (Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition) are getting exposed to a constant stream of new threats. The increasing importance of IT security in ICS requires viable methods to assess the security of ICS, its individual components, and its protocols. This paper presents a security analysis with focus on the communication protocols of a single PLC (Programmable Logic Controller). The PLC, a Beckhoff CX2020, is examined and new vulnerabilities of the system are revealed. Based on these findings recommendations are made to improve security of the Beckhoff system and its protocols.
Y1  - 2017
N1  - International Conference on Computer, Network Security and Communication Engineering (CNSCE 2017), March 26-27, 2017, Bangkok, Thailand
SP  - 1
EP  - 5
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - El Quardi, A.
A1  - Streckert, J.
A1  - Bitz, Andreas
A1  - Münkner, S.
A1  - Engel, J.
A1  - Hansen, V.
T1  - New fin-line devices for radiofrequency exposure of small biological samples in vitro allowing whole-cell patch clamp recordings
JF  - Bioelectromagnetics
N2  - The development and analysis of three waveguides for the exposure of small biological in vitro samples to mobile communication signals at 900 MHz (GSM, Global System for Mobile Communications), 1.8 GHz (GSM), and 2 GHz (UMTS, Universal Mobile Telecommunications System) is presented. The waveguides were based on a fin-line concept and the chamber containing the samples bathed in extracellular solution was placed onto two fins with a slot in between, where the exposure field concentrates. Measures were taken to allow for patch clamp recordings during radiofrequency (RF) exposure. The necessary power for the achievement of the maximum desired specific absorption rate (SAR) of 20 W/kg (average over the mass of the solution) was approximately Pin = 50 mW, Pin = 19 mW, and Pin = 18 mW for the 900 MHz, 1800 MHz, and 2 GHz devices, respectively. At 20 W/kg, a slight RF-induced temperature elevation in the solution of no more than 0.3 °C was detected, while no thermal offsets due to the electromagnetic exposure could be detected at the lower SAR settings (2, 0.2, and 0.02 W/kg). A deviation of 10% from the intended solution volume yielded a calculated SAR deviation of 8% from the desired value. A maximum ±10% variation in the local SAR could occur when the position of the patch clamp electrode was altered within the area where the cells to be investigated were located.
Y1  - 2011
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bem.20621
SN  - 1521-186X
VL  - 32
IS  - 2
SP  - 102
EP  - 112
PB  - Wiley
CY  - Weinheim
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Bitz, Andreas
A1  - Zhou, Yi
A1  - El Quardi, Abdessamad
A1  - Streckert, Joachim
T1  - Occupational Exposure at Mobile Communication Base Station Antenna Sites
JF  - Frequenz
Y1  - 2009
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/FREQ.2009.63.7-8.123
SN  - 2191-6349
VL  - 63
IS  - 7-8
SP  - 123
EP  - 128
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Kraff, Oliver
A1  - Bitz, Andreas
A1  - Kruszona, Stefan
A1  - Orzada, Stephan
A1  - Schaefer, Lena C.
A1  - Theysohn, Jens M.
A1  - Maderwald, Stefan
A1  - Ladd, Mark E.
A1  - Quick, Harald H.
T1  - An eight-channel phased array RF coil for spine MR imaging at 7 T
JF  - Investigative Radiology
Y1  - 2009
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/RLI.0b013e3181b24ab7
SN  - 1536-0210
VL  - 44
IS  - 11
SP  - 734
EP  - 740
PB  - Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Schlamann, M.
A1  - Yoon, M.-S.
A1  - Maderwald, S.
A1  - Pietrzyk, T.
A1  - Bitz, Andreas
A1  - Gerwig, M.
A1  - Forsting, M.
A1  - Ladd, S. C.
A1  - Ladd, M. E.
A1  - Kastrup, O.
T1  - Auswirkungen der Magnetresonanztomografie auf die Elektrophysiologie des motorischen Kortex: eine Studie mit transkranieller Magnetstimulation
T1  - Effects of MRI on the electrophysiology of the motor cortex: a TMS study
JF  - RöFo - Fortschritte auf dem Giebiet der Röntgenstrahlen und der bildgebenden Verfahren
Y1  - 2009
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0028-1109038
SN  - 1438-9029
VL  - 181
IS  - 3
SP  - 215
EP  - 219
PB  - Thieme
CY  - Stuttgart
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Klomp, D. W. J.
A1  - Bitz, Andreas
A1  - Heerschap, A.
A1  - Scheenen, T. W. J.
T1  - Proton spectroscopic imaging of the human prostate at 7 T
JF  - NMR in Biomedicine
Y1  - 2009
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nbm.1360
SN  - 1099-1492
VL  - 22
IS  - 5
SP  - 495
EP  - 501
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Lerchl, Alexander
A1  - Krüger, Heike
A1  - Niehaus, Michael
A1  - Streckert, Joachim R.
A1  - Bitz, Andreas
A1  - Hansen, Volkert
T1  - Effects of mobile phone electromagnetic fields at nonthermal SAR values on melatonin and body weight of Djungarian hamsters (Phodopus sungorus)
JF  - Journal of Pineal Research
Y1  - 2008
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-079X.2007.00522.x
SN  - 1600-079X
VL  - 44
IS  - 3
SP  - 267
EP  - 272
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Reinhardt, T.
A1  - Bitz, Andreas
A1  - El Ouardi, A.
A1  - Streckert, J.
A1  - Sommer, A.
A1  - Lerchl, A.
A1  - Hansen, V.
T1  - Exposure set-ups for in vivo experiments using radial waveguides
JF  - Radiation Protection Dosimetry
Y1  - 2007
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/rpd/ncm370
SN  - 1742-3406
VL  - 124
IS  - 1
SP  - 21
EP  - 26
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Sommer, Angela M.
A1  - Bitz, Andreas
A1  - Streckert, Joachim
A1  - Hansen, Volkert W.
A1  - Lerchl, Alexander
T1  - Lymphoma development in mice chronically exposed to UMTS-modulated radiofrequency electromagnetic fields
JF  - Radiation Research
Y1  - 2007
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1667/RR0857.1
SN  - 1938-5404
VL  - 168
IS  - 1
SP  - 72
EP  - 80
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Sukhotina, Irina
A1  - Streckert, Joachim R.
A1  - Bitz, Andreas
A1  - Hansen, Volkert W.
A1  - Lerchl, Alexander
T1  - 1800 MHz electromagnetic field effects on melatonin release from isolated pineal glands
JF  - Journal of Pineal Research
Y1  - 2006
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-079X.2005.00284.x
SN  - 1600-079X
VL  - 40
IS  - 1
SP  - 86
EP  - 91
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Franke, Helmut
A1  - Streckert, Joachim
A1  - Bitz, Andreas
A1  - Goeke, Johannes
A1  - Hansen, Volkert
A1  - Ringelstein, E. Bernd
A1  - Nattkämper, Heiner
A1  - Galle, Hans-Joachim
A1  - Stögbauer, Florian
T1  - Effects of Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) electromagnetic fields on the blood-brain barrier in vitro
JF  - Radiation Research
Y1  - 2005
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1667/RR3424.1
SN  - 1938-5404
VL  - 164
IS  - 3
SP  - 258
EP  - 269
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Wissen, M.
A1  - Bogdanski, N.
A1  - Scheer, H.-C.
A1  - Bitz, Andreas
A1  - Ahrens, G.
A1  - Gruetzner, G.
T1  - Implication of the light polarisation for UV curing of pre-patterned resists
JF  - Microelectronic Engineering
Y1  - 2005
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mee.2004.12.099
SN  - 0167-9317
VL  - 78-79
SP  - 659
EP  - 664
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Lambers, Andreas
A1  - Bragard, Michael
T1  - Kinetische Skulptur - Treffen sich ein E-Techniker und ein Künstler ...
JF  - Elektor : learn, design, share
N2  - Die Verbindung der Welten dressierter Elektronen und grenzenloser Kreativität bietet ein großes Potential; zum Beispiel bei modernen Skulpturen, deren Form sich durch Motoren verändern kann. An der FH Aachen wurde ein solches Projekt verwirklicht: Eine Matrix aus Holzkugeln kann Piktogramme anzeigen, aber auch mathematische Funktionen visualisieren. In diesem Artikel beschreiben wir die clevere Ansteuerung der Motoren.
Y1  - 2017
SN  - 0932-5468
VL  - 48
IS  - 9
SP  - 78
EP  - 83
PB  - Elektor-Verlag
CY  - Aachen
ER  - 
TY  - BOOK
A1  - Mühl, Thomas
T1  - Elektrische Messtechnik : Grundlagen, Messverfahren, Anwendungen
Y1  - 2017
SN  - 978-3-658-15719-7
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-15720-3
N1  - Signatur: 21 XXA 15(5)
PB  - Springer Vieweg
CY  - Wiesbaden
ET  - 5., überarbeitete und erweiterte Auflage
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Schopp, Christoph
A1  - Doll, Timo
A1  - Gräser, Ulrich
A1  - Harzheim, Thomas
A1  - Heuermann, Holger
A1  - Kling, Rainer
A1  - Marso, Michael
T1  - Capacitively Coupled High-Pressure Lamp Using Coaxial Line Networks
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques
N2  - This paper describes the development of a capacitively coupled high-pressure lamp with input power between 20 and 43 W at 2.45 GHz, using a coaxial line network. Compared with other electrodeless lamp systems, no cavity has to be used and a reduction in the input power is achieved. Therefore, this lamp is an alternative to the halogen incandescent lamp for domestic lighting. To serve the demands of domestic lighting, the filling of the lamp is optimized over all other resulting requirements, such as high efficacy at low induced powers and fast startups. A workflow to develop RF-driven plasma applications is presented, which makes use of the hot S-parameter technique. Descriptions of the fitting process inside a circuit and FEM simulator are given. Results of the combined ignition and operation network from simulations and measurements are compared. An initial prototype is built and measurements of the lamp's lighting properties are presented along with an investigation of the efficacy optimizations using large signal amplitude modulation. With this lamp, an efficacy of 135 lmW -1 is achieved.
Y1  - 2016
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/TMTT.2016.2600326
SN  - 0018-9480
VL  - 64
IS  - 10
SP  - 3363
EP  - 3368
PB  - IEEE
CY  - New York, NY
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Rietsch, Stefan H. G.
A1  - Pfaffenrot, Viktor
A1  - Bitz, Andreas
A1  - Orzada, Stephan
A1  - Brunheim, Sascha
A1  - Lazik-Palm, Andrea
A1  - Theysohn, Jens M.
A1  - Ladd, Mark E.
A1  - Quick, Harald H.
A1  - Kraff, Oliver
T1  - An 8-channel transceiver 7-channel receive RF coil setup for high SNR ultrahigh-field MRI of the shoulder at 7T
JF  - Medical Physics
Y1  - 2017
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mp.12612
SN  - 0094-2405
IS  - Article in press
PB  - Wiley
CY  - Hoboken
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Endress, Tim
A1  - Bragard, Michael
T1  - Recording of efficiency-maps of low-power electric drive systems using a flexible matlab-based test bench
T2  - 2017 IEEE 58th International Scientific Conference on Power and Electrical Engineering of Riga Technical University (RTUCON)
N2  - This paper introduces a hardware setup to measure efficiency maps of low-power electric motors and their associated inverters. Here, the power of the device under test (DUT) ranges from some Watts to a few hundred Watts. The torque and speed of the DUT are measured independent of voltage and current in multiple load points. A Matlab-based software approach in combination with an open Texas-Instruments (TI) hardware setup ensures flexibility. Exemplarily, the efficiency field of a Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machine (PMSM) is measured to proof the concept. Brushless-DC (BLDC) motors can be tested as well. The nomenclature in this paper is based on the new European standard DIN EN 50598. Special attention is paid to the calculation of the measurement error.
Y1  - 2017
SN  - 978-1-5386-3846-0
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/RTUCON.2017.8124775
PB  - IEEE
CY  - New York
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Niemueller, Tim
A1  - Neumann, Tobias
A1  - Henke, Christoph
A1  - Schönitz, Sebastian
A1  - Reuter, Sebastian
A1  - Ferrein, Alexander
A1  - Jeschke, Sabina
A1  - Lakemeyer, Gerhard
T1  - Improvements for a robust production in the RoboCup logistics league 2016
T2  - RoboCup 2016: Robot World Cup XX. RoboCup 2016.
Y1  - 2017
SN  - 978-3-319-68792-6
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-68792-6_49
SP  - 589
EP  - 600
PB  - Springer
CY  - Cham
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Orzada, Stephan
A1  - Bitz, Andreas
A1  - Johst, Sören
A1  - Gratz, Marcel
A1  - Völker, Maximilian N.
A1  - Kraff, Oliver
A1  - Abuelhaija, Ashraf
A1  - Fiedler, Thomas M.
A1  - Solbach, Klaus
A1  - Quick, Harald H.
A1  - Ladd, Mark E.
T1  - Analysis of an integrated 8-Channel Tx/Rx body array for use as a body coil in 7-Tesla MRI
JF  - Frontiers in Physics
Y1  - 2017
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fphy.2017.00017
SN  - 2296-424X
N1  - Article number 17
VL  - 5
IS  - Jun
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Niemueller, Tim
A1  - Karras, Ulrich
A1  - Ferrein, Alexander
T1  - Meisterschaft der Maschinen: Die Industrial Logistic Liga
JF  - C´t Magazin für Computertechnik
Y1  - 2017
IS  - 26
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Ferrein, Alexander
A1  - Steinbauer, Gerald
T1  - The Interplay of Aldebaran and RoboCup
JF  - KI - Künstliche Intelligenz
Y1  - 2016
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13218-016-0440-1
SN  - 1610-1987
VL  - 30
IS  - 3-4
SP  - 325
EP  - 326
PB  - Springer
CY  - Berlin
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Steinbauer, Gerald
A1  - Ferrein, Alexander
T1  - 20 Years of RoboCup
JF  - KI - Künstliche Intelligenz
Y1  - 2016
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13218-016-0442-z
SN  - 1610-1987
VL  - 30
IS  - 3-4
SP  - 221
EP  - 224
PB  - Springer
CY  - Berlin
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Ferrein, Alexander
A1  - Steinbauer, Gerald
T1  - Looking back on 20 Years of RoboCup
JF  - KI - Künstliche Intelligenz
Y1  - 2016
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13218-016-0443-y
SN  - 1610-1987
VL  - 30
IS  - 3-4
SP  - 321
EP  - 323
PB  - Springer
CY  - Berlin
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Niemueller, Tim
A1  - Zwilling, Frederik
A1  - Lakemeyer, Gerhard
A1  - Löbach, Matthias
A1  - Reuter, Sebastian
A1  - Jeschke, Sabina
A1  - Ferrein, Alexander
T1  - Cyber-Physical System Intelligence
T2  - Industrial Internet of Things
N2  - Cyber-physical systems are ever more common in manufacturing industries. Increasing their autonomy has been declared an explicit goal, for example, as part of the Industry 4.0 vision. To achieve this system intelligence, principled and software-driven methods are required to analyze sensing data, make goal-directed decisions, and eventually execute and monitor chosen tasks. In this chapter, we present a number of knowledge-based approaches to these problems and case studies with in-depth evaluation results of several different implementations for groups of autonomous mobile robots performing in-house logistics in a smart factory. We focus on knowledge-based systems because besides providing expressive languages and capable reasoning techniques, they also allow for explaining how a particular sequence of actions came about, for example, in the case of a failure.
KW  - Smart factory
KW  - Industry 4.0
KW  - Multi-robot systems
KW  - Autonomous mobile robots
KW  - RoboCup
Y1  - 2017
SN  - 978-3-319-42559-7
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-42559-7_17
N1  - Springer Series in Wireless Technology
SP  - 447
EP  - 472
PB  - Springer
CY  - Cham
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Stopforth, Riaan
A1  - Davrajh, Shaniel
A1  - Ferrein, Alexander
T1  - South African robotics entity for a collaboration initiative
T2  - Pattern Recognition Association of South Africa and Robotics and Mechatronics International Conference (PRASA-RobMech), 2016
Y1  - 2017
SN  - 978-1-5090-3335-5
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/RoboMech.2016.7813144
N1  - PRASA-RobMech, Nov. 30 2016-Dec. 2 2016, Stellenbosch, South Africa
SP  - 1
EP  - 6
PB  - IEEE
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Schiffer, Stefan
A1  - Ferrein, Alexander
T1  - Decision-Theoretic Planning with Fuzzy Notions in GOLOG
JF  - International Journal of Uncertainty, Fuzziness and Knowledge-Based Systems
N2  - In this paper we present an extension of the action language Golog that allows for using fuzzy notions in non-deterministic argument choices and the reward function in decision-theoretic planning. Often, in decision-theoretic planning, it is cumbersome to specify the set of values to pick from in the non-deterministic-choice-of-argument statement. Also, even for domain experts, it is not always easy to specify a reward function. Instead of providing a finite domain for values in the non-deterministic-choice-of-argument statement in Golog, we now allow for stating the argument domain by simply providing a formula over linguistic terms and fuzzy uents. In Golog’s forward-search DT planning algorithm, these formulas are evaluated in order to find the agent’s optimal policy. We illustrate this in the Diner Domain where the agent needs to calculate the optimal serving order.
Y1  - 2016
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/S0218488516400134
SN  - 1793-6411
VL  - 24
IS  - Issue Suppl. 2
SP  - 123
EP  - 143
PB  - World Scientific
CY  - Singapur
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Walenta, Robert
A1  - Schellekens, Twan
A1  - Ferrein, Alexander
A1  - Schiffer, Stefan
T1  - A decentralised system approach for controlling AGVs with ROS
T2  - AFRICON, Proceedings
Y1  - 2017
SN  - 978-1-5386-2775-4
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/AFRCON.2017.8095693
SN  - 2153-0033
N1  - AFRICON <2017, 18-20 Sept., Cape Town, South Africa>
SP  - 1436
EP  - 1441
PB  - IEEE
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Niemueller, T.
A1  - Lakemeyer, G.
A1  - Reuter, S.
A1  - Jeschke, S.
A1  - Ferrein, Alexander
T1  - Benchmarking of Cyber-Physical Systems in Industrial Robotics: The RoboCup Logistics League as a CPS Benchmark Blueprint
T2  - Cyber-Physical Systems: Foundations, Principles and Applications
N2  - In the future, we expect manufacturing companies to follow a new paradigm that mandates more automation and autonomy in production processes. Such smart factories will offer a variety of production technologies as services that can be combined ad hoc to produce a large number of different product types and variants cost-effectively even in small lot sizes. This is enabled by cyber-physical systems that feature flexible automated planning methods for production scheduling, execution control, and in-factory logistics.

During development, testbeds are required to determine the applicability of integrated systems in such scenarios. Furthermore, benchmarks are needed to quantify and compare system performance in these industry-inspired scenarios at a comprehensible and manageable size which is, at the same time, complex enough to yield meaningful results.

In this chapter, based on our experience in the RoboCup Logistics League (RCLL) as a specific example, we derive a generic blueprint for how a holistic benchmark can be developed, which combines a specific scenario with a set of key performance indicators as metrics to evaluate the overall integrated system and its components.
KW  - Smart factory
KW  - Industry 4.0
KW  - Cyber-physical systems
KW  - Multi-robot systems
KW  - Autonomous mobile robots
Y1  - 2017
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-803801-7.00013-4
SP  - 193
EP  - 207
PB  - Academic Press
CY  - London
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Niemueller, Tim
A1  - Neumann, Tobias
A1  - Henke, Christoph
A1  - Schönitz, Sebastian
A1  - Reuter, Sebastian
A1  - Ferrein, Alexander
A1  - Jeschke, Sabina
A1  - Lakemeyer, Gerhard
T1  - International Harting Open Source Award 2016: Fawkes for the RoboCup Logistics League
T2  - RoboCup 2016: RoboCup 2016: Robot World Cup XX. RoboCup 2016
Y1  - 2017
SN  - 978-3-319-68792-6
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-68792-6_53
N1  - Lecture Notes in Computer Science, LNCS, Vol 9776
SP  - 634
EP  - 642
PB  - Springer
CY  - Cham
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Zug, Sebastian
A1  - Niemueller, Tim
A1  - Hochgeschwender, Nico
A1  - Seidensticker, Kai
A1  - Seidel, Martin
A1  - Friedrich, Tim
A1  - Neumann, Tobias
A1  - Karras, Ulrich
A1  - Kraetzschmar, Gerhard K.
A1  - Ferrein, Alexander
T1  - An Integration Challenge to Bridge the Gap Among Industry-Inspired RoboCup Leagues
T2  - RoboCup 2016: Robot World Cup XX. RoboCup 2016.
Y1  - 2017
SN  - 978-3-319-68792-6
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-68792-6_13
N1  - Lecture Notes in Computer Science, LNCS, Vol 9776
SP  - 157
EP  - 168
PB  - Springer
CY  - Cham
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Marco, Heather G.
A1  - Ferrein, Alexander
T1  - AGNES: The African-German Network of Excellence in Science
T2  - Proceedings of the 2nd Developing World Robotics Forum, Workshop at IEEE AFRICON 2017
Y1  - 2017
SP  - 1
EP  - 2
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Schiffer, Stefan
A1  - Ferrein, Alexander
T1  - A System Layout for Cognitive Service Robots
T2  - Cognitive Robot Architectures. Proceedings of EUCognition 2016
Y1  - 2017
SN  - 1613-0073
N1  - CEUR-WS Vol-1855
SP  - 44
EP  - 45
ER  - 
TY  - BOOK
A1  - Hüning, Felix
T1  - Embedded Design For IoT With Renesas Synergy
Y1  - 2018
N1  - gedruckt in der Bereichsbibliothek Eupener Str. vorhanden; 
Document No. R01PF0164ED0100
PB  - Renesas Electronics
CY  - Düsseldorf
ER  - 
TY  - PAT
A1  - Heuermann, Holger
A1  - Hüning, Felix
A1  - Wache, Franz-Josef
T1  - Bussystem sowie Kommunikationsverfahren
N2  - Die Erfindung betrifft ein Bussystem enthaltend Busleitungen, an denen eine Anzahl von Busteilnehmern über einen Transceiver anschließbar sind, wobei der Transceiver eine bidirektionale Kommunikation zwischen mindestens zwei Busteilnehmern bewirkt, wobei auf einer busabgewandten Seite des Transceivers sich an denselben eine Zwischenbrückeneinheit anschließt, die mindestens zwei Sender-/Empfänger-Paare enthaltend jeweils einen Sender und einen Empfänger aufweist, wobei der Sender einen Senderoszillator, eine Amplituden- und/oder Phasen- und/oder Frequenzmodulator sowie eine Antenne aufweist und wobei der Empfänger einen Mischer aufweisenden Demodulator sowie eine Antenne aufweist, wobei ein erstes Sender-/Empfänger-Paar über eine Funkschnittstelle mit dem zweiten Sender-/Empfänger-Paar miteinander gekoppelt sind.
Y1  - 2018
N1  - Patent WO002018046055A1
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Harzheim, Thomas
A1  - Heuermann, Holger
T1  - Phase Repeatable Synthesizers as a New Harmonic Phase Standard for Nonlinear Network Analysis
T2  - IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques
Y1  - 2018
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/TMTT.2018.2817513
SP  - 1
EP  - 8
PB  - IEEE
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Schopp, Christoph
A1  - Heuermann, Holger
A1  - Marso, Michel
T1  - Multiphysical Study of an Atmospheric Microwave Argon Plasma Jet
T2  - IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science
Y1  - 2017
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/TPS.2017.2692735
SN  - 1939-9375
VL  - 45
IS  - 6
SP  - 932
EP  - 937
PB  - IEEE
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Stephan, Achim
A1  - Heuermann, Holger
A1  - Prantner, Michael
T1  - Cutting human tissue with novel atmospheric-pressure microwave plasma jet
T2  - 46th European Microwave Conference (EuMC)
Y1  - 2016
SN  - 978-2-87487-043-9
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/EuMC.2016.7824490
SP  - 902
EP  - 905
PB  - IEEE
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Scholl, Ingrid
A1  - Suder, Sebastian
A1  - Schiffer, Stefan
T1  - Direct Volume Rendering in Virtual Reality
T2  - Bildverarbeitung für die Medizin 2018
Y1  - 2018
SN  - 978-3-662-56537-7
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-56537-7_79
SP  - 297
EP  - 302
PB  - Springer Vieweg
CY  - Berlin
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Hüning, Felix
A1  - Heuermann, Holger
A1  - Wache, Franz-Josef
A1  - Jajo, Rami Audisho
T1  - A new wireless sensor interface using dual-mode radio
JF  - Journal of Sensors and Sensor Systems : JSSS
N2  - The integration of sensors is one of the major tasks in embedded, control and “internet of things” (IoT) applications. For the integration mainly digital interfaces are used, starting from rather simple pulse-width modulation (PWM) interface to more complex interfaces like CAN (Controller Area Network). Even though these interfaces are tethered by definition, a wireless realization is highly welcome in many applications to reduce cable and connector cost, increase the flexibility and realize new emerging applications like wireless control systems. Currently used wireless solutions like Bluetooth, WirelessHART or IO-Link Wireless use dedicated communication standards and corresponding higher protocol layers to realize the wireless communication. Due to the complexity of the communication and the protocol handling, additional latency and jitter are introduced to the data communication that can meet the requirements for many applications. Even though tunnelling of other bus data like CAN data is generally also possible the latency and jitter prevent the tunnelling from being transparent for the bus system. Therefore a new basic technology based on dual-mode radio is used to realize a wireless communication on the physical layer only, enabling a reliable and real-time data transfer. As this system operates on the physical layer it is independent of any higher layers of the OSI (open systems interconnection) model. Hence it can be used for several different communication systems to replace the tethered physical layer. A prototype is developed and tested for real-time wireless PWM, SENT (single-edge nibble transmission) and CAN data transfer with very low latency and jitter.
Y1  - 2018
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/jsss-7-507-2018
VL  - Volume 7
IS  - 2
SP  - 507
EP  - 515
PB  - Copernicus Publ.
CY  - Göttingen
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Alhwarin, Faraj
A1  - Ferrein, Alexander
A1  - Scholl, Ingrid
T1  - CRVM: Circular Random Variable-based Matcher - A Novel Hashing Method for Fast NN Search in High-dimensional Spaces
T2  - Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Pattern Recognition Applications and Methods, ICPRAM 2018
Y1  - 2018
SN  - 978-989-758-276-9
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.5220/0006692802140221
SP  - 214
EP  - 221
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Alhwarin, Faraj
A1  - Schiffer, Stefan
A1  - Ferrein, Alexander
A1  - Scholl, Ingrid
T1  - Optimized KinectFusion Algorithm for 3D Scanning Applications
T2  - Proceedings of the 11th International Joint Conference on Biomedical Engineering Systems and Technologies - Volume 2: BIOIMAGING
Y1  - 2018
SN  - 978-989-758-278-3
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.5220/0006594700500057
SP  - 50
EP  - 57
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Hofmann, Till
A1  - Mataré, Victor
A1  - Schiffer, Stefan
A1  - Ferrein, Alexander
A1  - Lakemeyer, Gerhard
T1  - Constraint-based online transformation of abstract plans into executable robot actions
T2  - Proceedings of the 2018 AAAI Spring Symposium on Integrating Representation, Reasoning, Learning, and Execution for Goal Directed Autonomy
Y1  - 2018
SP  - 549
EP  - 553
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Ferrein, Alexander
A1  - Schiffer, Stefan
A1  - Kallweit, Stephan
T1  - The ROSIN Education Concept - Fostering ROS Industrial-Related Robotics Education in Europe
T2  - ROBOT 2017: Third Iberian Robotics Conference
Y1  - 2018
SN  - 978-3-319-70836-2
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-70836-2_31
N1  - Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, vol 694;
(AISC, volume 694)
SP  - 370
EP  - 381
PB  - Springer
CY  - Cham
ER  -