TY  - CHAP
A1  - Bindzus, Manuel
A1  - Bragard, Michael
T1  - Motivating Intuitive Understanding of the Switched Reluctance Machine in the Education of Undergraduate Students
T2  - 2018 IEEE 59th International Scientific Conference on Power and Electrical Engineering of Riga Technical University (RTUCON)
Y1  - 2018
SN  - 978-1-5386-6903-7
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1109/RTUCON.2018.8659870
SP  - 1
EP  - 6
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Bragard, Michael
A1  - Hoek, Hauke van
A1  - Hoegen, Anne von
A1  - Doncker, Rik W. De
T1  - Motivation-based Learning: Teaching Fundamentals of Electrical Engineering with an LED Spinning Top
T2  - 2018 IEEE 59th International Scientific Conference on Power and Electrical Engineering of Riga Technical University (RTUCON)
Y1  - 2018
SN  - 978-1-5386-6903-7
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1109/RTUCON.2018.8659810
SP  - 1
EP  - 6
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Rütters, René
A1  - Weinheimer, Marius
A1  - Bragard, Michael
T1  - Teaching Control Theory with a Simplified Helicopter Model and a Classroom Fitting Hardware Test-Bench
T2  - 2018 IEEE 59th International Scientific Conference on Power and Electrical Engineering of Riga Technical University (RTUCON)
Y1  - 2018
SN  - 978-1-5386-6903-7
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1109/RTUCON.2018.8659871
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Rietsch, Stefan H. G.
A1  - Brunheim, Sascha
A1  - Orzada, Stephan
A1  - Voelker, Maximilian N.
A1  - Maderwald, Stefan
A1  - Bitz, Andreas
A1  - Gratz, Marcel
A1  - Ladd, Mark E.
A1  - Quick, Harald H.
T1  - Development and evaluation of a 16-channel receive-only RF coil to improve 7T ultra-high field body MRI with focus on the spine
JF  - Magnetic Resonance in Medicine
Y1  - 2019
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1002/mrm.27731
SN  - 1522-2594
IS  - Early view
PB  - Wiley
CY  - Weinheim
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Fagan, Andrew J.
A1  - Bitz, Andreas
A1  - Björkman-Burtscher, Isabella M.
A1  - Collins, Christopher M.
A1  - Kimbrell, Vera
A1  - Raaijmakers, Alexander J. E.
T1  - 7T MR Safety
JF  - Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (JMRI)
Y1  - 2021
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1002/jmri.27319
SN  - 1522-2586
VL  - 53
IS  - 2
SP  - 333
EP  - 346
PB  - Wiley
CY  - Weinheim
ER  - 
TY  - BOOK
A1  - Mühl, Thomas
T1  - Elektrische Messtechnik: Grundlagen, Messverfahren, Anwendungen
Y1  - 2020
SN  - 978-3-658-29115-0
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-29116-7
N1  - gedruckt in der Bereichsbibliothek Eupener Str. unter der Signatur 21 XXA 15(6);
auch als Online-Ressource ISBN 978-3-658-29116-7
PB  - Springer Vieweg
CY  - Wiesbaden
ET  - 6., überarbeitete Auflage
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Serror, Martin
A1  - Hack, Sacha
A1  - Henze, Martin
A1  - Schuba, Marko
A1  - Wehrle, Klaus
T1  - Challenges and Opportunities in Securing the Industrial Internet of Things
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics
Y1  - 2021
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1109/TII.2020.3023507
SN  - 1941-0050
VL  - 17
IS  - 5
SP  - 2985
EP  - 2996
PB  - IEEE
CY  - New York
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Fiedler, Thomas M.
A1  - Ladd, Mark E.
A1  - Clemens, Markus
A1  - Bitz, Andreas
T1  - Safety of subjects during radiofrequency exposure in ultra-high-field magnetic resonance imaging
JF  - IEEE Letters on Electromagnetic Compatibility Practice and Applications
N2  - Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is one of the most important medical imaging techniques. Since the introduction of MRI in the mid-1980s, there has been a continuous trend toward higher static magnetic fields to obtain i.a. a higher signal-to-noise ratio. The step toward ultra-high-field (UHF) MRI at 7 Tesla and higher, however, creates several challenges regarding the homogeneity of the spin excitation RF transmit field and the RF exposure of the subject. In UHF MRI systems, the wavelength of the RF field is in the range of the diameter of the human body, which can result in inhomogeneous spin excitation and local SAR hotspots. To optimize the homogeneity in a region of interest, UHF MRI systems use parallel transmit systems with multiple transmit antennas and time-dependent modulation of the RF signal in the individual transmit channels. Furthermore, SAR increases with increasing field strength, while the SAR limits remain unchanged. Two different approaches to generate the RF transmit field in UHF systems using antenna arrays close and remote to the body are investigated in this letter. Achievable imaging performance is evaluated compared to typical clinical RF transmit systems at lower field strength. The evaluation has been performed under consideration of RF exposure based on local SAR and tissue temperature. Furthermore, results for thermal dose as an alternative RF exposure metric are presented.
Y1  - 2020
SN  - 2637-6423
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1109/LEMCPA.2020.3029747
VL  - 2
IS  - 3
SP  - 1
EP  - 8
PB  - IEEE
CY  - New York, NY
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Hüning, Felix
A1  - Backes, Andreas
T1  - Direct observation of large Barkhausen jump in thin Vicalloy wires
JF  - IEEE Magnetics Letters
Y1  - 2020
SN  - 1949-307X
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1109/LMAG.2020.3046411
VL  - 11
IS  - Art. 2506504
SP  - 1
EP  - 4
PB  - IEEE
CY  - New York, NY
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Hoegen, Anne von
A1  - Doncker, Rik W. De
A1  - Bragard, Michael
A1  - Hoegen, Svenja von
T1  - Problem-based learning in automation engineering: performing a remote laboratory aession aerving various educational attainments
T2  - 2021 IEEE Global Engineering Education Conference (EDUCON)
N2  - During the Covid-19 pandemic, vocational colleges, universities of applied science and technical universities often had to cancel laboratory sessions requiring students’ attendance. These above of all are of decisive importance in order to give learners an understanding of theory through practical work.This paper is a contribution to the implementation of distance learning for laboratory work applicable for several upper secondary educational facilities. Its aim is to provide a paradigm for hybrid teaching to analyze and control a non-linear system depicted by a tank model. For this reason, we redesign a full series of laboratory sessions on the basis of various challenges. Thus, it is suitable to serve different reference levels of the European Qualifications Framework (EQF).We present problem-based learning through online platforms to compensate the lack of a laboratory learning environment. With a task deduced from their future profession, we give students the opportunity to develop own solutions in self-defined time intervals. A requirements specification provides the framework conditions in terms of time and content for students having to deal with the challenges of the project in a self-organized manner with regard to inhomogeneous previous knowledge. If the concept of Complete Action is introduced in classes before, they will automatically apply it while executing the project.The goal is to combine students’ scientific understanding with a procedural knowledge. We suggest a series of remote laboratory sessions that combine a problem formulation from the subject area of Measurement, Control and Automation Technology with a project assignment that is common in industry by providing extracts from a requirements specification.
Y1  - 2021
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1109/EDUCON46332.2021.9453925
N1  - 2021 IEEE Global Engineering Education Conference (EDUCON), 21-23 April 2021, Vienna, Austria
SP  - 1605
EP  - 1614
PB  - IEEE
CY  - New York, NY
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Hüning, Felix
A1  - Stüttgen, Marcel
T1  - Work in Progress: Interdisciplinary projects in times of COVID-19 crisis – challenges, risks and chances
T2  - 2021 IEEE Global Engineering Education Conference (EDUCON)
N2  - Project work and inter disciplinarity are integral parts of today's engineering work. It is therefore important to incorporate these aspects into the curriculum of academic studies of engineering. At the faculty of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology an interdisciplinary project is part of the bachelor program to address these topics. Since the summer term 2020 most courses changed to online mode during the Covid-19 crisis including the interdisciplinary projects. This online mode introduces additional challenges to the execution of the projects, both for the students as well as for the lecture. The challenges, but also the risks and chances of this kind of project courses are subject of this paper, based on five different interdisciplinary projects
Y1  - 2021
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1109/EDUCON46332.2021.9454006
N1  - 2021 IEEE Global Engineering Education Conference (EDUCON), 21-23 April 2021, Vienna, Austria
SP  - 1175
EP  - 1179
PB  - IEEE
CY  - New York, NY
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Bitz, Andreas
A1  - Streckert, J.
A1  - Hansen, V.W.
A1  - Buschmann, J.
T1  - RF exposure of non restrained animals in an overmoded radial waveguide
T2  - 22nd BEMS Annual Meeting, Munich, Germany, 2000
Y1  - 2000
SP  - 63
PB  - Bioelectromagnetics Society
CY  - Frederick, MD
ER  - 
TY  - BOOK
A1  - Mühl, Thomas
T1  - Elektrische Messtechnik : Grundlagen, Messverfahren, Anwendungen
Y1  - 2017
SN  - 978-3-658-15719-7
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-15720-3
N1  - Signatur: 21 XXA 15(5)
PB  - Springer Vieweg
CY  - Wiesbaden
ET  - 5., überarbeitete und erweiterte Auflage
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Schwanke, Peter
A1  - Höfken, Hans-Wilhelm
A1  - Schuba, Marko
T1  - Security Analysis of the ADS Protocol of a Beckhoff CX2020 PLC
N2  - ICSs (Industrial Control Systems) and its subset SCADA systems (Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition) are getting exposed to a constant stream of new threats. The increasing importance of IT security in ICS requires viable methods to assess the security of ICS, its individual components, and its protocols. This paper presents a security analysis with focus on the communication protocols of a single PLC (Programmable Logic Controller). The PLC, a Beckhoff CX2020, is examined and new vulnerabilities of the system are revealed. Based on these findings recommendations are made to improve security of the Beckhoff system and its protocols.
Y1  - 2017
N1  - International Conference on Computer, Network Security and Communication Engineering (CNSCE 2017), March 26-27, 2017, Bangkok, Thailand
SP  - 1
EP  - 5
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Granat, Andreas
A1  - Höfken, Hans-Wilhelm
A1  - Schuba, Marko
T1  - Intrusion Detection of the ICS Protocol EtherCAT
N2  - Control mechanisms like Industrial Controls Systems (ICS) and its subgroup SCADA (Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition) are a prerequisite to automate industrial processes. While protection of ICS on process management level is relatively straightforward – well known office IT security mechanisms can be used – protection on field bus level is harder to achieve as there are real-time and production requirements like 24x7 to consider. One option to improve security on field bus level is to introduce controls that help to detect and to react on attacks. This paper introduces an initial set of intrusion detection mechanisms for the field bus protocol EtherCAT. To this end existing Ethernet attack vectors including packet injection and man-in-the-middle attacks are tested in an EtherCAT environment, where they could interrupt the EtherCAT network and may even cause physical damage. Based on the signatures of such attacks, a preprocessor and new rule options are defined for the open source intrusion detection system Snort demonstrating the general feasibility of intrusion detection on field bus level.
Y1  - 2017
N1  - International Conference on Computer, Network Security and Communication Engineering (CNSCE 2017), March 26-27, 2017, Bangkok, Thailand
SP  - 1
EP  - 5
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Bitz, Andreas
A1  - Klomp, D.W.
A1  - Ladd, M.E.
T1  - Experimental and numerical determination of SAR and temperature distribution of a human endorectal coil for MR imaging of the prostate at 7T (903.)
T2  - 16th annual ISMRM scientific meeting and exhibition 2008 : Toronto, Ontario, Canada, 3 - 9 May 2008
Y1  - 2009
SN  - 978-1-61567-196-0
PB  - Curran
CY  - Red Hook, NY
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Bitz, Andreas
A1  - El Ouardi, A.
A1  - Streckert, J.
A1  - Hansen, V.
T1  - Efficient calculation of human exposure in front of base station antennas by a combination of the FDTD and Hybrid(2)-method
T2  - Proceedings of the 16th International Zurich Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility, Topical Meeting on Biomedical EMC, Zurich, Switzerland, February 2005
Y1  - 2005
SN  - 3-9521199-9-7
SP  - 115
EP  - 118
PB  - ETH Zentrum
CY  - Zürich
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Bitz, Andreas
A1  - Alaydrus, M.
A1  - Streckert, J.
A1  - Hansen, V.
T1  - Combination of the hybrid/sup [2]/-method and the FDTD-method for solution of boundary value problems with electrically large and high-resolution bodies
T2  - IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium (IEEE Cat. No.02CH37313) 2002 : San Antonio, TX, USA, 16-21 June
Y1  - 2002
SN  - 0-7803-7330-8
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1109/APS.2002.1018209
SP  - 278
EP  - 281
PB  - IEEE
CY  - Piscataway, NJ
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Bitz, Andreas
A1  - Alaydrus, M.
A1  - Streckert, J.
A1  - Hansen, V.W.
T1  - Absorption rates inside human body due to radiated electro-magnetic fields of multi-band base station antennas. Boundary value problems with electrically large and high-resolution bodies
T2  - 24th BEMS Annual Meeting, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada, 23 - 27 June 2002
Y1  - 2002
SP  - 40
EP  - 41
PB  - Bioelectromagnetics Society
CY  - Frederick, MD
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Bitz, Andreas
A1  - Alaydrus, M.
A1  - Streckert, J.
A1  - Hansen, V.W.
T1  - Base station antennas embedded in complex environments: rf exposure in controlled areas
T2  - 23rd BEMS Annual Meeting, St. Paul, Minnesota, USA, 49-50, June 2001
Y1  - 2001
SP  - 49
EP  - 50
PB  - Bioelectromagnetics Society
CY  - Frederick, MD
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Bitz, Andreas
A1  - Streckert, J.
A1  - Hansen, V.W.
A1  - Stogbauer, F.
ED  - Hietanen, Maila
ED  - Jokela, Kari
ED  - Juutilainen, Jukka
ED  - Työterveyslaitos, 
T1  - Shielded RF-exposure system with an integrated LF-measuring system for in vitro experiments with cell-layers
T2  - Proceedings of the Ebea 2001 : 5th International Congress of the European Bioelectromagnetics Association (Ebea) ; 6-8 September 2001, Marina Congress Center, Helsinki, Finland
Y1  - 2001
SN  - 9789518024401
SP  - 67
EP  - 68
PB  - Finnish Institute of Occupational Health
CY  - Helsinki
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Bitz, Andreas
A1  - Streckert, J.R.
A1  - Hansen, V.W.
A1  - Lerchl, A.
ED  - Danesy, Dorothea
T1  - Freely moving or restrained animals in bioelec-tromagnetic experiments - pros and cons
T2  - AP 2000 : Millennium Conference on Antennas & Propagation, Davos, Switzerland, 9 - 14 April 2000
Y1  - 2000
IS  - Band 1
SP  - 489
PB  - ESA Publications Division, ESTEC
CY  - Noordwijk
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Reinhardt, T.
A1  - Bitz, Andreas
A1  - El Ouardi, A.
A1  - Streckert, J.
A1  - Sommer, A.
A1  - Lerchl, A.
A1  - Hansen, V.
T1  - Exposure set-ups for in vivo experiments using radial waveguides
JF  - Radiation Protection Dosimetry
Y1  - 2007
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1093/rpd/ncm370
SN  - 1742-3406
VL  - 124
IS  - 1
SP  - 21
EP  - 26
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Sommer, Angela M.
A1  - Bitz, Andreas
A1  - Streckert, Joachim
A1  - Hansen, Volkert W.
A1  - Lerchl, Alexander
T1  - Lymphoma development in mice chronically exposed to UMTS-modulated radiofrequency electromagnetic fields
JF  - Radiation Research
Y1  - 2007
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1667/RR0857.1
SN  - 1938-5404
VL  - 168
IS  - 1
SP  - 72
EP  - 80
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Sukhotina, Irina
A1  - Streckert, Joachim R.
A1  - Bitz, Andreas
A1  - Hansen, Volkert W.
A1  - Lerchl, Alexander
T1  - 1800 MHz electromagnetic field effects on melatonin release from isolated pineal glands
JF  - Journal of Pineal Research
Y1  - 2006
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-079X.2005.00284.x
SN  - 1600-079X
VL  - 40
IS  - 1
SP  - 86
EP  - 91
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Franke, Helmut
A1  - Streckert, Joachim
A1  - Bitz, Andreas
A1  - Goeke, Johannes
A1  - Hansen, Volkert
A1  - Ringelstein, E. Bernd
A1  - Nattkämper, Heiner
A1  - Galle, Hans-Joachim
A1  - Stögbauer, Florian
T1  - Effects of Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) electromagnetic fields on the blood-brain barrier in vitro
JF  - Radiation Research
Y1  - 2005
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1667/RR3424.1
SN  - 1938-5404
VL  - 164
IS  - 3
SP  - 258
EP  - 269
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Wissen, M.
A1  - Bogdanski, N.
A1  - Scheer, H.-C.
A1  - Bitz, Andreas
A1  - Ahrens, G.
A1  - Gruetzner, G.
T1  - Implication of the light polarisation for UV curing of pre-patterned resists
JF  - Microelectronic Engineering
Y1  - 2005
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mee.2004.12.099
SN  - 0167-9317
VL  - 78-79
SP  - 659
EP  - 664
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Ndoumbè Mbonjo Mbonjo, H.
A1  - Streckert, J.
A1  - Bitz, Andreas
A1  - Hansen, V.
A1  - Glasmachers, A.
A1  - Gencol, S.
A1  - Rozic, D.
T1  - Generic UMTS test signal for RF bioelectromagnetic studies
JF  - Bioelectromagnetics
Y1  - 2004
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1002/bem.20007
SN  - 1521-186X
VL  - 25
IS  - 6
SP  - 415
EP  - 425
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Sommer, Angela M.
A1  - Streckert, Joachim
A1  - Bitz, Andreas
A1  - Hansen, Volkert W.
A1  - Lerchl, Alexander
T1  - No effects of GSM-modulated 900 MHz electromagnetic fields on survival rate and spontaneous development of lymphoma in female AKR/J mice
JF  - BMC Cancer
Y1  - 2004
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2407-4-77
VL  - 77
IS  - 4
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Hansen, Volkert W.
A1  - Bitz, Andreas
A1  - Streckert, Joachim R.
T1  - RF Exposure of Biological Systems in Radial Waveguides
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Electromagnetic Compatibility
Y1  - 1999
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1109/15.809852
SN  - 1558-187X
VL  - 41
IS  - 4
SP  - 487
EP  - 493
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Bitz, Andreas
A1  - Kobus, Thiele
A1  - Scheenen, Tom W. J.
A1  - Ladd, Mark E.
T1  - RF Safety of the Combination of a 31P Tx/Rx Endorectal Coil & a 1H Tx/Rx Body Array for 31P MRSI of the Prostate at 7T (311.)
T2  - 20th Annual ISMRM scientific meeting and exhibition 2012 : Melbourne, Australia, 5 - 11 May 2012
Y1  - 2013
SN  - 978-1-62276-943-8
SN  - 1545-4428
IS  - Volume 1
SP  - 311
PB  - Curran
CY  - Red Hook, NY
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Bitz, Andreas
A1  - Kraff, O.
A1  - Orzada, S.
A1  - Maderwald, S.
A1  - Brote, I.
A1  - Johst, S.
A1  - Ladd, E.
T1  - Assessment of RF Safety of Transmit Coils at 7 Tesla by Experimental and Numerical Procedures (490.)
T2  - 19th annual ISMRM scientific meeting and exhibition 2011 : Montreal, Quebec, Canada, 7 - 13 May 2011
Y1  - 2012
SN  - 978-1-61839-284-8
IS  - Volume 1
SP  - 475
PB  - Curran
CY  - Red Hook, NY
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Bitz, Andreas
A1  - Kraff, O.
A1  - Orzada, S.
A1  - Maderwald, S.
A1  - Brote, I.
A1  - Ladd, M.
T1  - Experimental and Numerical Assessment of RF Safety of Transmit Coils at 7 Tesla
T2  - ISMRM workshop on MR safety 2010 : RF heating of the human in MRI : workshop series. The Washington County Historic Courthouse, Stillwater, Minnesota, USA, 15 - 17 October 2010
Y1  - 2010
SN  - 978-1-62276-088-6
SP  - 195
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Scholl, Ingrid
A1  - Bartella, Alex
A1  - Moluluo, Cem
A1  - Ertural, Berat
A1  - Laing, Frederic
A1  - Suder, Sebastian
T1  - MedicVR : Acceleration and Enhancement Techniques for Direct Volume Rendering in Virtual Reality
T2  - Bildverarbeitung für die Medizin 2019 : Algorithmen – Systeme – Anwendungen
Y1  - 2019
SN  - 978-3-658-25326-4
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-25326-4_32
SP  - 152
EP  - 157
PB  - Springer Vieweg
CY  - Wiesbaden
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Serror, Martin
A1  - Henze, Martin
A1  - Hack, Sacha
A1  - Schuba, Marko
A1  - Wehrle, Klaus
T1  - Towards in-network security for smart homes
T2  - 13th International Conference on Availability, Reliability and Security, ARES 2018; Hamburg; Germany; 27 August 2018 through 30 August 2018
Y1  - 2018
SN  - 978-145036448-5
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1145/3230833.3232802
SP  - Article numer 3232802
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Rao, Deepak
A1  - Pathrose, Plato
A1  - Hüning, Felix
A1  - Sid, Jithin
T1  - An Approach for Validating Safety of Perception Software in Autonomous Driving Systems
T2  - Model-Based Safety and Assessment: 6th International Symposium, IMBSA 2019, Thessaloniki, Greece, October 16–18, 2019, Proceedings
N2  - The increasing complexity of Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) presents a challenging task to validate safe and reliable performance of these systems under varied conditions. The test and validation of ADAS/AD with real test drives, although important, involves huge costs and time. Simulation tools provide an alternative with the added advantage of reproducibility but often use ideal sensors, which do not reflect real sensor output accurately. This paper presents a new validation methodology using fault injection, as recommended by the ISO 26262 standard, to test software and system robustness. In our work, we investigated and developed a tool capable of inserting faults at different software and system levels to verify its robustness. The scope of this paper is to cover the fault injection test for the Visteon’s DriveCore™ system, a centralized domain controller for Autonomous driving which is sensor agnostic and SoC agnostic. With this new approach, the validation of safety monitoring functionality and its behavior can be tested using real-world data instead of synthetic data from simulation tools resulting in having better confidence in system performance before proceeding with in-vehicle testing.
KW  - Advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS/AD)
KW  - ISO 26262
KW  - Safety-critical systems validation
KW  - Safety of the intended functionality (SOTIF)
Y1  - 2019
SN  - 978-3-030-32872-6
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-32872-6_20
SP  - 303
EP  - 316
PB  - Springer
CY  - Cham
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Orzada, Stephan
A1  - Solbach, Klaus
A1  - Gratz, Marcel
A1  - Brunheim, Sascha
A1  - Fiedler, Thomas M.
A1  - Johst, Sören
A1  - Bitz, Andreas
A1  - Shooshtary, Samaneh
A1  - Abuelhaija, Asjraf
A1  - Voelker, Maximilian N.
A1  - Rietsch, Stefan H. G.
A1  - Kraff, Oliver
A1  - Maderwald, Stefan
A1  - Flöser, Martina
A1  - Oehmingen, Mark
A1  - Quick, Harald H.
A1  - Ladd, Mark E.
T1  - A 32-channel parallel transmit system add-on for 7T MRI
JF  - Plos one
Y1  - 2019
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0222452
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Hüning, Felix
A1  - De Matteis, Stefan
T1  - Entwicklung eines taktilen HMI für sehbehinderte und blinde Nutzerinnen und Nutzer
JF  - Blind - sehbehindert
Y1  - 2020
SN  - 0176-7836
VL  - 140
IS  - 2
SP  - 9
EP  - 19
PB  - Edition Bentheim
CY  - Würzburg
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Dinghofer, Kai
A1  - Hartung, Frank
T1  - Analysis of Criteria for the Selection of Machine Learning Frameworks
T2  - 2020 International Conference on Computing, Networking and Communications (ICNC)
N2  - With the many achievements of Machine Learning in the past years, it is likely that the sub-area of Deep Learning will continue to deliver major technological breakthroughs [1]. In order to achieve best results, it is important to know the various different Deep Learning frameworks and their respective properties. This paper provides a comparative overview of some of the most popular frameworks. First, the comparison methods and criteria are introduced and described with a focus on computer vision applications: Features and Uses are examined by evaluating papers and articles, Adoption and Popularity is determined by analyzing a data science study. Then, the frameworks TensorFlow, Keras, PyTorch and Caffe are compared based on the previously described criteria to highlight properties and differences. Advantages and disadvantages are compared, enabling researchers and developers to choose a framework according to their specific needs.
Y1  - 2020
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1109/ICNC47757.2020.9049650
N1  - 2020 International Conference on Computing, Networking and Communications (ICNC), 17-20 February 2020, Big Island, HI, USA
SP  - 373
EP  - 377
PB  - IEEE
CY  - New York, NY
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Köhler, Klemens
T1  - A conflict theory perspective of IT attacks – consequences for IT security education
N2  - Cyberspace is "the environment formed by physical and non-physical components to store, modify, and exchange data using computer networks" (NATO CCDCOE). Beyond that, it is an environment where people interact. IT attacks are hostile, non-cooperative interactions that can be described with conflict theory. Applying conflict theory to IT security leads to different objectives for end-user education, requiring different formats like agency-based competence developing games.
Y1  - 2020
IS  - Preprint
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Müller, Tim M.
A1  - Altherr, Lena
A1  - Ahola, Marja
A1  - Schabel, Samuel
A1  - Pelz, Peter F.
T1  - Optimizing pressure screen systems in paper recycling: optimal system layout, component selection and operation
N2  - Around 60% of the paper worldwide is made from recovered paper. Especially adhesive contaminants, so called stickies, reduce paper quality. To remove stickies but at the same time keep as many valuable fibers as possible, multi-stage screening systems with several interconnected pressure screens are used. When planning such systems, suitable screens have to be selected and their interconnection as well as operational parameters have to be defined considering multiple conflicting objectives. In this contribution, we present a Mixed-Integer Nonlinear Program to optimize system layout, component selection and operation to find a suitable trade-off between output quality and yield.
KW  - Mixed-integer nonlinear problem
KW  - MINLP
KW  - Process engineering
KW  - Paper recycling
KW  - Multi-criteria optimization
Y1  - 2018
SN  - 978-3-030-18499-5
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-18500-8_44
SP  - 355
EP  - 361
PB  - Springer
CY  - Cham
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Hüning, Felix
T1  - Sustainable changes beyond covid-19 for a second semester physics course for electrical engineering students
T2  - Blended Learning in Engineering Education: challenging, enlightening – and lasting?
N2  - The course Physics for Electrical Engineering is part of the curriculum of the bachelor program Electrical Engineering at University of Applied Science Aachen.
Before covid-19 the course was conducted in a rather traditional way with all parts (lecture, exercise and lab) face-to-face. This teaching approach changed fundamentally within a week when the covid-19 limitations forced all courses to distance learning. All parts of the course were transformed to pure distance learning including synchronous and asynchronous parts for the lecture, live online-sessions for the exercises and self-paced labs at home. Using these methods, the course was able to impart the required knowledge and competencies. Taking the teacher’s observations of the student’s learning behaviour and engagement, the formal and informal feedback of the students and the results of the exams into account, the new methods are evaluated with respect to effectiveness, sustainability and suitability for competence transfer. Based on this analysis strong and weak points of the concept and countermeasures to solve the weak points were identified. The analysis further leads to a sustainable teaching approach combining synchronous and asynchronous parts with self-paced learning times that can be used in a very flexible manner for different learning scenarios, pure online, hybrid (mixture of online and presence times) and pure presence teaching.
Y1  - 2021
SN  - 978-2-87352-023-6
N1  - SEFI 49th Annual Conference, Technische Universität Berlin (online), 13 – 16 September 2021
SP  - 1424
EP  - 1428
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Leise, Philipp
A1  - Eßer, Arved
A1  - Eichenlaub, Tobias
A1  - Schleiffer, Jean-Eric
A1  - Altherr, Lena
A1  - Rinderknecht, Stephan
A1  - Pelz, Peter F.
T1  - Sustainable system design of electric powertrains - comparison of optimization methods
JF  - Engineering Optimization
N2  - The transition within transportation towards battery electric vehicles can lead to a more sustainable future. To account for the development goal ‘climate action’ stated by the United Nations, it is mandatory, within the conceptual design phase, to derive energy-efficient system designs. One barrier is the uncertainty of the driving behaviour within the usage phase. This uncertainty is often addressed by using a stochastic synthesis process to derive representative driving cycles and by using cycle-based optimization. To deal with this uncertainty, a new approach based on a stochastic optimization program is presented. This leads to an optimization model that is solved with an exact solver. It is compared to a system design approach based on driving cycles and a genetic algorithm solver. Both approaches are applied to find efficient electric powertrains with fixed-speed and multi-speed transmissions. Hence, the similarities, differences and respective advantages of each optimization procedure are discussed.
KW  - Powertrain
KW  - stochastic optimization
KW  - global optimization
KW  - genetic algorithm
Y1  - 2021
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1080/0305215X.2021.1928660
SN  - 0305-215X
PB  - Taylor & Francis
CY  - London
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Leise, Philipp
A1  - Breuer, Tim
A1  - Altherr, Lena
A1  - Pelz, Peter F.
T1  - Development, validation and assessment of a resilient pumping system
T2  - Proceedings of the Joint International Resilience Conference, JIRC2020
N2  - The development of resilient technical systems is a challenging task, as the system should adapt automatically to unknown disturbances and component failures. To evaluate different approaches for deriving resilient technical system designs, we developed a modular test rig that is based on a pumping system. On the basis of this example
system, we present metrics to quantify resilience and an algorithmic approach to improve resilience. This approach enables the pumping system to automatically react on unknown disturbances and to reduce the impact of component failures. In this case, the system is able to automatically adapt its topology by activating additional valves. This enables the system to still reach a minimum performance, even in case of failures. Furthermore, timedependent disturbances are evaluated continuously, deviations from the original state are automatically detected and anticipated in the future. This allows to reduce the impact of future disturbances and leads to a more resilient
system behaviour.
KW  - water supply system
KW  - fault detection
KW  - anticipation strategy
Y1  - 2020
SN  - 978-90-365-5095-6
N1  - Joint International Resilience Conference 2020. Interconnected: Resilience Innovations for Sustainable Development Goals. 23 - 27 November, 2020, Singapore
SP  - 97
EP  - 100
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Lorenz, Imke-Sophie B.
A1  - Altherr, Lena
A1  - Pelz, Peter F.
T1  - Graph-theoretic resilience analysis of a water distribution system's topology
T2  - World Congress on Resilience, Reliability and Asset Management 2019
N2  - Water suppliers are faced with the great challenge of achieving high-quality and, at the same time, low-cost water supply. In practice, the focus is set on the most beneficial maintenance measures and/or capacity adaptations of existing water distribution systems (WDS). Since climatic and demographic influences will pose further challenges in the future, the resilience enhancement of WDS, i.e. the enhancement of their capability to withstand and recover from disturbances, has been in particular focus recently. To assess the resilience of WDS, metrics based on graph theory have been proposed. In this study, a promising approach is applied to assess the resilience of the WDS for a district in a major German City. The conducted analysis provides insight into the process of actively influencing the
resilience of WDS
KW  - Resilience Assessment
KW  - Graph Theory
KW  - Water Supply System
KW  - Case Study
Y1  - 2019
N1  - World Congress on Resilience, Reliability and Asset Management, 28-31 July 2019. Furama Riverfront Hotel, Singapore
SP  - 106
EP  - 109
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Altherr, Lena
A1  - Ederer, Thorsten
A1  - Lorenz, Ulf
A1  - Pelz, Peter F.
A1  - Pöttgen, Philipp
ED  - Lübbecke, Marco
ED  - Koster, Arie
ED  - Letmathe, Peter
ED  - Madlener, Reihard
ED  - Peis, Britta
ED  - Walther, Grit
T1  - Experimental validation of an enhanced system synthesis approach
JF  - Operations Research Proceedings 2014
N2  - Planning the layout and operation of a technical system is a common task
for an engineer. Typically, the workflow is divided into consecutive stages: First,
the engineer designs the layout of the system, with the help of his experience or of
heuristic methods. Secondly, he finds a control strategy which is often optimized
by simulation. This usually results in a good operating of an unquestioned sys-
tem topology. In contrast, we apply Operations Research (OR) methods to find a
cost-optimal solution for both stages simultaneously via mixed integer program-
ming (MILP). Technical Operations Research (TOR) allows one to find a provable
global optimal solution within the model formulation. However, the modeling error
due to the abstraction of physical reality remains unknown. We address this ubiq-
uitous problem of OR methods by comparing our computational results with mea-
surements in a test rig. For a practical test case we compute a topology and control
strategy via MILP and verify that the objectives are met up to a deviation of 8.7%.
Y1  - 2014
SN  - 978-3-319-28695-2
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-28697-6_1
PB  - Springer
CY  - Basel
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Vergé, Angela
A1  - Pöttgen, Philipp
A1  - Altherr, Lena
A1  - Ederer, Thorsten
A1  - Pelz, Peter F.
ED  - Greuloch, Ivo
ED  - Weber, Manfred
ED  - Meier, Miles
T1  - Lebensdauer als Optimierungsziel:  Algorithmische Struktursynthese am Beispiel eines hydrostatischen Getriebes
JF  - O+P – Ölhydraulik und Pneumatik
N2  - Verfügbarkeit und Nachhaltigkeit sind wichtige Anforderungen bei der Planung langlebiger technischer Systeme. Meist werden bei Lebensdaueroptimierungen lediglich einzelne Komponenten vordefinierter Systeme untersucht. Ob eine optimale Lebensdauer eine gänzlich andere Systemvariante bedingt, wird nur selten hinterfragt. Technical Operations Research (TOR) erlaubt es, aus Obermengen technischer Systeme automatisiert die lebensdaueroptimale Systemstruktur auszuwählen. Der Artikel zeigt dies am Beispiel eines hydrostatischen Getriebes.
Y1  - 2016
SN  - 1614-9602
VL  - 60
IS  - 1-2
SP  - 114
EP  - 121
PB  - Vereinigte Fachverl.
CY  - Mainz
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Sun, Hui
A1  - Altherr, Lena
A1  - Pei, Ji
A1  - Pelz, Peter F.
A1  - Yuan, Shouqi
T1  - Optimal booster station design and operation under uncertain load
JF  - Applied Mechanics and Materials
N2  - Given industrial applications, the costs for the operation and maintenance of a pump system typically far exceed its purchase price. For finding an optimal pump configuration which minimizes not only investment, but life-cycle costs, methods like Technical Operations Research which is based on Mixed-Integer Programming can be applied. However, during the planning phase, the designer is often faced with uncertain input data, e.g. future load demands can only be estimated. In this work, we deal with this uncertainty by developing a chance-constrained two-stage (CCTS) stochastic program. The design and operation of a booster station working under uncertain load demand are optimized to minimize total cost including purchase price, operation cost incurred by energy consumption and penalty cost resulting from water shortage. We find optimized system layouts using a sample average approximation (SAA) algorithm, and analyze the results for different risk levels of water shortage. By adjusting the risk level, the costs and performance range of the system can be balanced, and thus the
system’s resilience can be engineered
KW  - Stochastic Programming
KW  - Chance Constraint
KW  - Engineering Application
KW  - Pump System
KW  - Water Distribution
Y1  - 2018
U6  - https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMM.885.102
SN  - 1662-7482
VL  - 885
SP  - 102
EP  - 115
PB  - Trans Tech Publications
CY  - Bäch
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Leise, Philipp
A1  - Altherr, Lena
T1  - Optimizing the design and control of decentralized water supply systems – a case-study of a hotel building
T2  - EngOpt 2018 Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Engineering Optimization
N2  - To increase pressure to supply all floors of high buildings with water, booster stations, normally consisting of several parallel pumps in the basement, are used. In this work, we demonstrate the potential of a decentralized pump topology regarding energy savings in water supply systems of skyscrapers. We present an approach, based on Mixed-Integer Nonlinear Programming, that allows to choose an optimal network topology and optimal pumps from a predefined construction kit comprising different pump types. Using domain-specific scaling laws and Latin Hypercube Sampling, we generate different input sets of pump types and compare their impact on the efficiency and cost of the total system design. As a realistic application example, we consider a hotel building with 325 rooms, 12 floors and up to four pressure zones.
KW  - Engineering optimization
KW  - Energy efficiency
KW  - Water
KW  - Pump System
KW  - Latin Hypercube Sampling
Y1  - 2018
SN  - 978-3-319-97773-7
SN  - 978-3-319-97772-0
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-97773-7_107
N1  - EngOpt 2018 Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Engineering Optimization. 17-19 September 2018. Lisboa, Portugal
SP  - 1241
EP  - 1252
PB  - Springer
CY  - Cham
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Stenger, David
A1  - Altherr, Lena
A1  - Müller, Tankred
A1  - Pelz, Peter F.
T1  - Product family design optimization using model-based engineering techniques
T2  - Operations Research Proceedings 2017
N2  - Highly competitive markets paired with tremendous production volumes demand particularly cost efficient products. The usage of common parts and modules across product families can potentially reduce production costs. Yet, increasing commonality typically results in overdesign of individual products. Multi domain virtual prototyping enables designers to evaluate costs and technical feasibility of different single product designs at reasonable computational effort in early design phases. However, savings by platform commonality are hard to quantify and require detailed knowledge of e.g. the production process and the supply chain. Therefore, we present and evaluate a multi-objective metamodel-based optimization algorithm which enables designers to explore the trade-off between high commonality and cost optimal design of single products.
Y1  - 2018
SN  - 978-3-319-89919-0
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-89920-6_66
SP  - 495
EP  - 502
PB  - Springer
CY  - Cham
ER  -