TY - JOUR A1 - Alebouyeh Samami, Behzad A1 - Pieper, Martin A1 - Breitbach, Gerd A1 - Hodapp, Josef T1 - Heat production in the windings of the stators of electric machines under stationary condition JF - Heat and mass transfer N2 - In electric machines due to high currents and resistive losses (joule heating) heat is produced. To avoid damages by overheating the design of effective cooling systems is required. Therefore the knowledge of heat sources and heat transfer processes is necessary. The purpose of this paper is to illustrate a good and effective calculation method for the temperature analysis based on homogenization techniques. These methods have been applied for the stator windings in a slot of an electric machine consisting of copper wires and resin. The key quantity here is an effective thermal conductivity, which characterizes the heterogeneous wire resin-arrangement inside the stator slot. To illustrate the applicability of the method, the analysis of a simplified, homogenized model is compared with the detailed analysis of temperature behavior inside a slot of an electric machine according to the heat generation. We considered here only the stationary situation. The achieved numerical results are accurate and show that the applied homogenization technique works in practice. Finally the results of simulations for the two cases, the original model of the slot and the homogenized model chosen for the slot (unit cell), are compared to experimental results. Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00231-014-1371-8 SN - 0947-7411 (Print) ; 1432-1181 (E-Journal) VL - 50 SP - 1707 EP - 1716 PB - Springer CY - Heidelberg ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Heine, A. A1 - Herrmann, G. A1 - Selmer, Thorsten A1 - Terwesten, F. A1 - Buckel, W. A1 - Reuter, K. T1 - High resolution crystal structure of clostridium propionicum β-Alanyl-CoA:Ammonia Lyase, a new member of the "Hot Dog Fold" protein superfamily JF - Proteins N2 - Clostridium propionicum is the only organism known to ferment β-alanine, a constituent of coenzyme A (CoA) and the phosphopantetheinyl prosthetic group of holo-acyl carrier protein. The first step in the fermentation is a CoA-transfer to β-alanine. Subsequently, the resulting β-alanyl-CoA is deaminated by the enzyme β-alanyl-CoA:ammonia lyase (Acl) to reversibly form ammonia and acrylyl-CoA. We have determined the crystal structure of Acl in its apo-form at a resolution of 0.97 Å as well as in complex with CoA at a resolution of 1.59 Å. The structures reveal that the enyzme belongs to a superfamily of proteins exhibiting a so called “hot dog fold” which is characterized by a five-stranded antiparallel β-sheet with a long α-helix packed against it. The functional unit of all “hot dog fold” proteins is a homodimer containing two equivalent substrate binding sites which are established by the dimer interface. In the case of Acl, three functional dimers combine to a homohexamer strongly resembling the homohexamer formed by YciA-like acyl-CoA thioesterases. Here, we propose an enzymatic mechanism based on the crystal structure of the Acl·CoA complex and molecular docking. Proteins 2014; 82:2041–2053. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/prot.24557 SN - 1097-0134 (E-Journal); 0887-3585 (Print) VL - 82 IS - 9 SP - 2041 EP - 2053 PB - Wiley-Liss CY - New York ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Miyamoto, Ko-ichiro A1 - Itabashi, Akinori A1 - Wagner, Torsten A1 - Schöning, Michael Josef A1 - Yoshinobu, Tatsuo T1 - High-speed chemical imaging inside a microfluidic channel JF - Sensors and actuators. B: Chemical N2 - In this study, a high-speed chemical imaging system was developed for visualization of the interior of a microfluidic channel. A microfluidic channel was constructed on the sensor surface of the light-addressable potentiometric sensor (LAPS), on which the ion concentrations could be measured in parallel at up to 64 points illuminated by optical fibers. The temporal change of pH distribution inside the microfluidic channel was recorded at a maximum rate of 100 frames per second (fps). The high frame rate allowed visualization of moving interfaces and plugs in the channel even at a flow velocity of 111 mm/s, which suggests the feasibility of plug-based microfluidic devices for flow-injection analysis (FIA). Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.snb.2013.12.090 SN - 1873-3077 (E-Journal); 0925-4005 (Print) VL - 194 SP - 521 EP - 527 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kronhardt, Valentina A1 - Alexopoulos, Spiros A1 - Reißel, Martin A1 - Sattler, Johannes, Christoph A1 - Hoffschmidt, Bernhard A1 - Hänel, Matthias A1 - Doerbeck, Till T1 - High-temperature thermal storage system for solar tower power plants with open-volumetric air receiver simulation and energy balancing of a discretized model JF - Energy procedia N2 - This paper describes the modeling of a high-temperature storage system for an existing solar tower power plant with open volumetric receiver technology, which uses air as heat transfer medium (HTF). The storage system model has been developed in the simulation environment Matlab/Simulink®. The storage type under investigation is a packed bed thermal energy storage system which has the characteristics of a regenerator. Thermal energy can be stored and discharged as required via the HTF air. The air mass flow distribution is controlled by valves, and the mass flow by two blowers. The thermal storage operation strategy has a direct and significant impact on the energetic and economic efficiency of the solar tower power plants. Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2014.03.094 SN - 1876-6102 (E-Journal) ; 1876-6102 (Print) VL - 49 SP - 870 EP - 877 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schirra, Julian A1 - Watmuff, Jonathan A1 - Bauschat, J.-Michael T1 - Highly non-planar lifting systems: a relative assessment of existing potential-methodologies to accurately estimate the induced drag JF - 32nd AIAA Applied Aerodynamics Conference 2014 : June, 16-20 2014, Atlanta, Ga. Y1 - 2014 SN - 978-1-62410-288-2 U6 - https://doi.org/10.2514/6.2014-2988 SP - Publ. online ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Rousseau, Alain A1 - Kern, Alexander T1 - How to deal with environmental risk in IEC 62305-2 T2 - 2014 International Conference on Lightning Protection (ICLP), Shanghai, China N2 - The 2nd edition of the lightning risk management standard (IEC 62305-2) considers structures, which may endanger environment. In these cases, the loss is not limited to the structure itself, which is valid for usual structures. In the past (Edition 1) this danger was simply taken into account by a special hazard factor, multiplying the existing risk for the structure with a number. Now, in the edition 2, we add to the risk for the structure itself a “second risk” due to the losses outside the structure. The losses outside can be treated independently from what occurs inside. This is a major advantage to analyze the risk for sensitive structures, like chemical plants, nuclear plants, or structures containing explosives, etc. In this paper, the existing procedure given by the European version EN 62305-2 Ed.2 is further developed and applied to a few structures. Y1 - 2014 SP - 521 EP - 527 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Whitehead, Mark A1 - Öhlschläger, Peter A1 - Almajhdi, Fahad N. A1 - Alloza, Leonor A1 - Marzábal, Pablo A1 - Meyers, Ann E. A1 - Hitzeroth, Inga I. A1 - Rybicki, Edward P. T1 - Human papillomavirus (HPV) type 16 E7 protein bodies cause tumour regression in mice JF - BMC cancer Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2407-14-367 SN - 1471-2407 IS - 14:367 SP - 1 EP - 15 PB - BioMed Central CY - London ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Dachwald, Bernd A1 - Mikucki, Jill A1 - Tulaczyk, Slawek A1 - Digel, Ilya A1 - Espe, Clemens A1 - Feldmann, Marco A1 - Francke, Gero A1 - Kowalski, Julia A1 - Xu, Changsheng T1 - IceMole : A maneuverable probe for clean in situ analysis and sampling of subsurface ice and subglacial aquatic ecosystems JF - Annals of Glaciology N2 - There is significant interest in sampling subglacial environments for geobiological studies, but they are difficult to access. Existing ice-drilling technologies make it cumbersome to maintain microbiologically clean access for sample acquisition and environmental stewardship of potentially fragile subglacial aquatic ecosystems. The IceMole is a maneuverable subsurface ice probe for clean in situ analysis and sampling of glacial ice and subglacial materials. The design is based on the novel concept of combining melting and mechanical propulsion. It can change melting direction by differential heating of the melting head and optional side-wall heaters. The first two prototypes were successfully tested between 2010 and 2012 on glaciers in Switzerland and Iceland. They demonstrated downward, horizontal and upward melting, as well as curve driving and dirt layer penetration. A more advanced probe is currently under development as part of the Enceladus Explorer (EnEx) project. It offers systems for obstacle avoidance, target detection, and navigation in ice. For the EnEx-IceMole, we will pay particular attention to clean protocols for the sampling of subglacial materials for biogeochemical analysis. We plan to use this probe for clean access into a unique subglacial aquatic environment at Blood Falls, Antarctica, with return of a subglacial brine sample. KW - Antarctic Glaciology KW - Extraterrestrial Glaciology KW - Glaciological instruments and methods KW - Subclacial exploration KW - Subglacial lakes Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3189/2014AoG65A004 SN - 1727-5644 VL - 55 IS - 65 SP - 14 EP - 22 PB - Cambridge University Press CY - Cambridge ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Vos, E. K. A1 - Lagemaat, M. W. A1 - Barentsz, J. O. A1 - Fütterer, J. J. A1 - Zamecnik, P. A1 - Roozen, H. A1 - Orzada, S. A1 - Bitz, Andreas A1 - Maas, M. C. A1 - Scheenen, T. W. J. T1 - Image quality and cancer visibility of T2-weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the prostate at 7 Tesla JF - European Radiology N2 - Objectives To assess the image quality of T2-weighted (T2w) magnetic resonance imaging of the prostate and the visibility of prostate cancer at 7 Tesla (T). Materials & methods Seventeen prostate cancer patients underwent T2w imaging at 7T with only an external transmit/receive array coil. Three radiologists independently scored images for image quality, visibility of anatomical structures, and presence of artefacts. Krippendorff’s alpha and weighted kappa statistics were used to assess inter-observer agreement. Visibility of prostate cancer lesions was assessed by directly linking the T2w images to the confirmed location of prostate cancer on histopathology. Results T2w imaging at 7T was achievable with ‘satisfactory’ (3/5) to ‘good’ (4/5) quality. Visibility of anatomical structures was predominantly scored as ‘satisfactory’ (3/5) and ‘good’ (4/5). If artefacts were present, they were mostly motion artefacts and, to a lesser extent, aliasing artefacts and noise. Krippendorff’s analysis revealed an α = 0.44 between three readers for the overall image quality scores. Clinically significant cancer lesions in both peripheral zone and transition zone were visible at 7T. Conclusion T2w imaging with satisfactory to good quality can be routinely acquired, and cancer lesions were visible in patients with prostate cancer at 7T using only an external transmit/receive body array coil. Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00330-014-3234-6 SN - 1432-1084 VL - 24 IS - 8 SP - 1950 EP - 1958 PB - Springer CY - Cham ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Riedel, Marc A1 - Kartchemnik, Julia A1 - Schöning, Michael Josef A1 - Lisdat, Fred T1 - Impedimetric DNA detection – steps forward to sensorial application JF - Analytical chemistry N2 - This study describes a label-free impedimetric sensor based on short ssDNA recognition elements for the detection of hybridization events. We concentrate on the elucidation of the influence of target length and recognition sequence position on the sensorial performance. The impedimetric measurements are performed in the presence of the redox system ferri-/ferrocyanide and show an increase in charge transfer resistance upon hybridization of ssDNA to the sensor surface. Investigations on the impedimetric signal stability demonstrate a clear influence of the buffers used during the sensor preparation and the choice of the passivating mercaptoalcanol compound. A stable sensor system has been developed, enabling a reproducible detection of 25mer target DNA in the low nanomolar range. After hybridization, a sensor regeneration can be reached with deionized water by adjustment of effective convection conditions, ensuring a sensor reusability. By investigations of longer targets with overhangs exposed to the solution, we can demonstrate applicability of the impedimetric detection for longer ssDNA. However, a decreasing charge transfer resistance change (ΔRct) is found by extending the overhang. As a strategy to increase the impedance change for longer target strands, the position of the recognition sequence can be designed in a way that a small overhang is exposed to the electrode surface. This is found to result in an increase in the relative Rct change. These results suggest that DNA and consequently negative charge near the electrode possess a larger impact on the impedimetric signal than DNA further away. Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1021/ac501800q SN - 1520-6882 (E-Journal); 0003-2700 (Print); 0096-4484 (Print) VL - 86 (2014) IS - 15 SP - 7867 EP - 7874 PB - ACS Publications CY - Columbus ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Siqueira, Jose R. A1 - Molinnus, Denise A1 - Beging, Stefan A1 - Schöning, Michael Josef T1 - Incorporating a hybrid urease-carbon nanotubes sensitive nanofilm on capacitive field-effect sensors for urea detection JF - Analytical chemistry N2 - The ideal combination among biomolecules and nanomaterials is the key for reaching biosensing units with high sensitivity. The challenge, however, is to find out a stable and sensitive film architecture that can be incorporated on the sensor’s surface. In this paper, we report on the benefits of incorporating a layer-by-layer (LbL) nanofilm of polyamidoamine (PAMAM) dendrimer and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) on capacitive electrolyte-insulator-semiconductor (EIS) field-effect sensors for detecting urea. Three sensor arrangements were studied in order to investigate the adequate film architecture, involving the LbL film with the enzyme urease: (i) urease immobilized directly onto a bare EIS [EIS-urease] sensor; (ii) urease atop the LbL film over the EIS [EIS-(PAMAM/CNT)-urease] sensor; and (iii) urease sandwiched between the LbL film and another CNT layer [EIS-(PAMAM/CNT)-urease-CNT]. The surface morphology of all three urea-based EIS biosensors was investigated by atomic force microscopy (AFM), while the biosensing abilities were studied by means of capacitance–voltage (C/V) and dynamic constant-capacitance (ConCap) measureaments at urea concentrations ranging from 0.1 mM to 100 mM. The EIS-urease and EIS-(PAMAM/CNT)-urease sensors showed similar sensitivity (∼18 mV/decade) and a nonregular signal behavior as the urea concentration increased. On the other hand, the EIS-(PAMAM/CNT)-urease-CNT sensor exhibited a superior output signal performance and higher sensitivity of about 33 mV/decade. The presence of the additional CNT layer was decisive to achieve a urea based EIS sensor with enhanced properties. Such sensitive architecture demonstrates that the incorporation of an adequate hybrid enzyme-nanofilm as sensing unit opens new prospects for biosensing applications using the field-effect sensor platform. Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1021/ac500458s SN - 1520-6882 (E-Journal); 0003-2700 (Print); 0096-4484 (Print) VL - 86 IS - 11 SP - 5370 EP - 5375 PB - ACS Publications CY - Columbus ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Lévesque, Mathieu A1 - Siegwolf, Rolf A1 - Eilmann, Britta A1 - Saurer, Matthias A1 - Rigling, Andreas T1 - Increased water-use efficiency does not lead to enhanced tree growth under xeric and mesic conditions JF - New Phytologist Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.12772 SN - 1469-8137 (Online) SN - 0028-646X (Print) VL - 203 IS - 1 SP - 94 EP - 109 PB - Wiley-Blackwell CY - Oxford ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Heckl, O. H. A1 - Weiler, Sascha A1 - Fleischhaker, Robert A1 - Gebs, Raphael A1 - Budnicki, Aleksander A1 - Wolf, M. A1 - Kleinbauer, Jochen A1 - Russ, S. A1 - Kumkar, M. A1 - Sutter, Dirk H. ED - Heisterkamp, Alexander ED - Herman, Peter R. ED - Meunier, Michael ED - Nolte, Stefan T1 - Industry-grade high average power femtosecond light source T2 - Frontiers in ultrafast optics: Biomedical, scientific, and industrial applications XIV : 1 Februar 2014, San Francisco, USA. - (SPIE proceedings series ; 8972) Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2039337 N1 - Frontiers in Ultrafast Optics: Biomedical, Scientific, and Industrial Applications XIV <2, 2014, San Francisco, CA> SP - 89720P EP - 89720P-7 PB - SPIE, International Society for Optical Engineering ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Butenweg, Christoph A1 - Meyer, Udo A1 - Fehling, Ekkehard T1 - INSYSME: first activities of the German partners T2 - 9th International Masonry Conference 2014 in Guimaraes, Portugal, 2014 Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Raue, Markus A1 - Wambach, M. A1 - Glöggler, S. A1 - Grefen, Dana A1 - Kaufmann, R. A1 - Abetz, C. A1 - Georgopanos, P. A1 - Handge, U. A. A1 - Mang, Thomas A1 - Blümich, B. A1 - Abetz, V. T1 - Investigation of historical hard rubber ornaments of Charles Goodyear JF - Macromolecular chemistry and physics Y1 - 2014 SN - 1022-1352 VL - Vol. 215 IS - No. 3 SP - 245 EP - 254 PB - Wiley-VCH CY - Weinheim ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Schopp, Christoph A1 - Heuermann, Holger A1 - Holtrup, S. T1 - Investigation on efficacy optimization of RF-driven automotive D-lamps T2 - 44th European Microwave Conference (EuMC),2014, Rome Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/EuMC.2014.6986645 SP - 1154 EP - 1157 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Alhwarin, Faraj A1 - Ferrein, Alexander A1 - Scholl, Ingrid T1 - IR stereo kinect: improving depth images by combining structured light with IR stereo Y1 - 2014 SP - 1 EP - 9 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Alhwarin, Faraj A1 - Ferrein, Alexander A1 - Scholl, Ingrid T1 - IR stereo kinect: improving depth images by combining structured light with IR stereo T2 - PRICAI 2014: Trends in artificial intelligence : 13th Pacific Rim International Conference on Artificial Intelligence : Gold Coast, QLD, Australia, December 1-5, 2014 : proceedings. (Lecture notes in computer science ; vol. 8862) N2 - RGB-D sensors such as the Microsoft Kinect or the Asus Xtion are inexpensive 3D sensors. A depth image is computed by calculating the distortion of a known infrared light (IR) pattern which is projected into the scene. While these sensors are great devices they have some limitations. The distance they can measure is limited and they suffer from reflection problems on transparent, shiny, or very matte and absorbing objects. If more than one RGB-D camera is used the IR patterns interfere with each other. This results in a massive loss of depth information. In this paper, we present a simple and powerful method to overcome these problems. We propose a stereo RGB-D camera system which uses the pros of RGB-D cameras and combine them with the pros of stereo camera systems. The idea is to utilize the IR images of each two sensors as a stereo pair to generate a depth map. The IR patterns emitted by IR projectors are exploited here to enhance the dense stereo matching even if the observed objects or surfaces are texture-less or transparent. The resulting disparity map is then fused with the depth map offered by the RGB-D sensor to fill the regions and the holes that appear because of interference, or due to transparent or reflective objects. Our results show that the density of depth information is increased especially for transparent, shiny or matte objects. Y1 - 2014 SN - 978-3-319-13559-5 (Print) ; 978-3-319-13560-1 (E-Book) U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-13560-1_33 SP - 409 EP - 421 PB - Springer CY - München ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Fateri, Miranda A1 - Gebhardt, Andreas T1 - Jewelry fabrication via selective laser melting of glass T2 - ASME 2014 12th Biennial Conference on Engineering Systems Design and Analysis Volume 1: Applied Mechanics; Automotive Systems; Biomedical Biotechnology Engineering; Computational Mechanics; Design; Digital Manufacturing; Education; Marine and Aerospace Applications N2 - Selective Laser Melting (SLM) is one of the Additive Manufacturing (AM) technologies applicable for producing complex geometries which are typically expensive or difficult to fabricate using conventional methods. This process has been extensively investigated experimentally for various metals and the fabrication process parameters have been established for different applications; however, fabricating 3D glass objects using SLM technology has remained a challenge so far although it could have many applications. This paper presents a summery on various experimental evaluations of a material database incorporating the build parameters of glass powder using the SLM process for jewelry applications. Y1 - 2014 SN - 978-0-7918-4583-7 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1115/ESDA2014-20380 SP - V001T06A005 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Goedhuys, Micheline A1 - Janz, Norbert A1 - Mohnen, Pierre T1 - Knowledge-based productivity in “low-tech” industries: evidence from firms in developing countries JF - Industrial and corporate change N2 - Using firm-level data from five developing countries—Brazil, Ecuador, South Africa, Tanzania, and Bangladesh—and three industries—food processing, textiles, and the garments and leather products—this article examines the importance of various sources of knowledge for explaining productivity and formally tests whether sector- or country-specific characteristics dominate these relationships. Knowledge sources driving productivity appear mainly sector specific. Also differences in the level of development affect the effectiveness of knowledge sources. In the food processing sector, firms with higher educated managers are more productive, and in least-developed countries, additionally those with technology licenses and imported machinery and equipment. In the capital-intensive textiles sector, productivity is higher in firms that conduct R&D. In the garments and leather products sector, higher education of the managers, licensing, and R&D raise productivity. Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1093/icc/dtt006 SN - 1464-3650 (E-Journal); 0960-6491 (Print) VL - 23 IS - 1 SP - 1 EP - 23 PB - Oxford University Press CY - Oxford ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Bronder, Thomas A1 - Wu, Chunsheng A1 - Poghossian, Arshak A1 - Werner, Frederik A1 - Keusgen, M. A1 - Schöning, Michael Josef T1 - Label-free detection of DNA hybridization with light-addressable potentiometric sensors: comparison of various DNA-immobilization strategies JF - Procedia Engineering N2 - Light-addressable potentiometric sensors (LAPS) consisting of a p-Si-SiO2 and p-Si-SiO2-Au structure, respectively, have been tested for a label-free electrical detection of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) hybridization. Three different strategies for immobilizing single-stranded probe DNA (ssDNA) molecules on a LAPS surface have been studied and compared: (a) immobilization of thiol-modified ssDNA on the patterned Au surface via gold-thiol bond, (b) covalent immobilization of amino-modified ssDNA onto the SiO2 surface functionalized with 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane and (c) layer-by-layer adsorption of negatively charged ssDNA on a positively charged weak polyelectrolyte layer of poly(allylamine hydrochloride). KW - LAPS KW - lable-free detection KW - DNA hybridization KW - field-effect sensor Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2014.11.647 SN - 1877-7058 N1 - EUROSENSORS 2014 ; European Conference on Solid-State Transducers <28, 2014> VL - 87 SP - 755 EP - 758 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wu, Chunsheng A1 - Bronder, Thomas A1 - Poghossian, Arshak A1 - Werner, Frederik A1 - Bäcker, Matthias A1 - Schöning, Michael Josef T1 - Label-free electrical detection of DNA with a multi-spot LAPS: First step towards light-addressable DNA chips JF - Physica status solidi A : Applications and materials science N2 - A multi-spot (4 × 4 spots) light-addressable potentiometric sensor (MLAPS) consisting of an Al–p-Si–SiO2 structure has been applied for the label-free electrical detection of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) immobilization and hybridization by the intrinsic molecular charge for the first time. Single-stranded probe ssDNA molecules (20 bases) were covalently immobilized onto the silanized SiO2 gate surface. The unspecific adsorption of mismatch ssDNA on the MLAPS gate surface was blocked by bovine serum albumin molecules. To reduce the screening effect and to achieve a high sensor signal, the measurements were performed in a low ionic-strength solution. The photocurrent–voltage (I–V) curves were simultaneously recorded on all 16 spots after each surface functionalization step. Large shifts of I–V curves of 25 mV were registered after the DNA immobilization and hybridization event. In contrast, a small potential shift (∼5 mV) was observed in case of mismatch ssDNA, revealing good specificity of the sensor. The obtained results demonstrate the potential of the MLAPS as promising transducer platform for the multi-spot label-free electrical detection of DNA molecules by their intrinsic molecular charge. Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/pssa.201330442 SN - 1521-396X (E-Journal); 1862-6319 (E-Journal); 0031-8965 (Print); 1862-6300 (Print) VL - 211 IS - 6 SP - 1423 EP - 1428 PB - Wiley-VCH CY - Weinheim ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Poghossian, Arshak A1 - Schöning, Michael Josef T1 - Label-free sensing of biomolecules with field-effect devices for clinical applications JF - Electroanalysis N2 - Among the variety of transducer concepts proposed for label-free detection of biomolecules, the semiconductor field-effect device (FED) is one of the most attractive platforms. As medical techniques continue to progress towards diagnostic and therapies based on biomarkers, the ability of FEDs for a label-free, fast and real-time detection of multiple pathogenic and physiologically relevant molecules with high specificity and sensitivity offers very promising prospects for their application in point-of-care and personalized medicine for an early diagnosis and treatment of diseases. The presented paper reviews recent advances and current trends in research and development of different FEDs for label-free, direct electrical detection of charged biomolecules by their intrinsic molecular charge. The authors are mainly focusing on the detection of the DNA hybridization event, antibody-antigen affinity reaction as well as clinically relevant biomolecules such as cardiac and cancer biomarkers. Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/elan.201400073 SN - 1521-4109 (E-Journal); 1040-0397 (Print) VL - 26 IS - 6 SP - 1197 EP - 1213 PB - Wiley-VCH CY - Weinheim ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Giresini, Linda A1 - Butenweg, Christoph A1 - Andreini, M. A1 - De Falco, A. A1 - Sassu, M. T1 - Macro-elements identification in historic chapels: the case of St. Venerio Chapel in Reggiolo - Emilia Romagna T2 - 9th International Conference on Structural Analyses of Historical Conctruction, 14 - 17 October, 2014, Mexico City Y1 - 2014 SP - 1 EP - 12 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Bung, Daniel Bernhard A1 - Oertel, Mario T1 - Manipulation of non-aerated cavity flow on a stepped spillway model T2 - 3rd European IAHR Congress : April 14 – 16, 2014, Porto Y1 - 2014 PB - Univ. of Porto CY - Porto ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hafner, David A1 - Demetz, Oliver A1 - Weickert, Joachim A1 - Reißel, Martin T1 - Mathematical Foundations and Generalisations of the Census Transform for Robust Optic Flow Computation JF - Journal of Mathematical Imaging and Vision Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10851-014-0529-9 SN - 1573-7683 (Online) N1 - Springer Online First (ohne Seitenang. und Heftzuteilung) PB - Springer CY - New York ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Leandro, J. A1 - Bung, Daniel Bernhard A1 - Carvalho, R. T1 - Measuring void fraction and velocity fields of a stepped spillway for skimming flow using non-intrusive methods JF - Experiments in fluids Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00348-014-1732-6 SN - 0723-4864 (Print) ; 1432-1114 (Online) IS - 55 SP - Art. 1732 PB - Springer Nature CY - Heidelberg ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Martin-Gonzalez, Anabel A1 - Kotliar, Konstantin A1 - Rios-Martinez, Jorge A1 - Lanzl, Ines A1 - Navab, Nassir T1 - Mediated-reality magnification for macular degeneration rehabilitation JF - Journal of Modern Optics Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/09500340.2014.936110 SN - 1362-3044 VL - 61 IS - 17 SP - 1400 EP - 1408 PB - Taylor & Francis CY - London ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Leinhos, Marcel A1 - Schusser, Sebastian A1 - Bäcker, Matthias A1 - Poghossian, Arshak A1 - Schöning, Michael Josef T1 - Micromachined multi-parameter sensor chip for the control of polymer-degradation medium JF - Physica Status Solidi (A) : special issue on engineering and functional interfaces N2 - It is well known that the degradation environment can strongly influence the biodegradability and kinetics of biodegradation processes of polymers. Therefore, besides the monitoring of the degradation process, it is also necessary to control the medium in which the degradation takes place. In this work, a micromachined multi-parameter sensor chip for the control of the polymer-degradation medium has been developed. The chip combines a capacitive field-effect pH sensor, a four-electrode electrolyte-conductivity sensor and a thin-film Pt-temperature sensor. The results of characterization of individual sensors are presented. In addition, the multi-parameter sensor chip together with an impedimetric polymer-degradation sensor was simultaneously characterized in degradation solutions with different pH and electrolyte conductivity. The obtained results demonstrate the feasibility of the multi-parameter sensor chip for the control of the polymer-degradation medium. Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/pssa.201330364 SN - 1521-396X (E-Journal); 1862-6319 (E-Journal); 0031-8965 (Print); 1862-6300 (Print) VL - 211 IS - 6 SP - 1346 EP - 1351 PB - Wiley-VCH CY - Weinheim ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Heuermann, Holger A1 - Finger, Torsten ED - Günther, Michael T1 - Microwave Spark Plug for Very High-Pressure Conditions T2 - Ignition systems for gasoline engines Y1 - 2014 SP - 269 EP - 282 PB - DCM Druck CY - Meckenheim ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hentschke, Reinhard A1 - Hager, Jonathan A1 - Hojdis, Nils T1 - Molecular Modeling Approach to the Prediction of Mechanical Properties of Silica-Reinforced Rubbers JF - Journal of Applied Polymer Science N2 - Recently, we have suggested a nanomechanical model for dissipative loss in filled elastomer networks in the context of the Payne effect. The mechanism is based on a total interfiller particle force exhibiting an intermittent loop, due to the combination of short-range repulsion and dispersion forces with a long-range elastic attraction. The sum of these forces leads, under external strain, to a spontaneous instability of “bonds” between the aggregates in a filler network and attendant energy dissipation. Here, we use molecular dynamics simulations to obtain chemically realistic forces between surface modified silica particles. The latter are combined with the above model to estimate the loss modulus and the low strain storage modulus in elastomers containing the aforementioned filler-compatibilizer systems. The model is compared to experimental dynamic moduli of silica filled rubbers. We find good agreement between the model predictions and the experiments as function of the compatibilizer's molecular structure and its bulk concentration. KW - theory and modeling KW - supramolecular structures KW - rubber KW - mechanical properties KW - elastomers Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/app.40806 SN - 1097-4628 VL - 131 IS - 18 SP - 1 EP - 9 PB - Wiley CY - New York, NY ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Turaliyeva, M. A1 - Yeshibaev, A. A1 - Digel, Ilya A1 - Elibayeva, G. A1 - Sydykova, A. A1 - Uspabayeva, A. A1 - Dosybayeva, G. A1 - Zhylysbayeva, A. A1 - Lakhanova, K. T1 - Molecular-genetic identification of emerged novel invasive pathogens of Asiatic Elm Ulmus pumila L JF - Life science journal N2 - The dwarf elm Ulmus pumila L. (Ulmaceae) is one of indigenous species of flora in Kazakhstan and forms a basis of dendroflora in virtually all settlements of the region. In the past decade, multiple outbreaks of previously unknown diseases of the small-leaved elm have been registered. In our study, by the molecular-genetic analysis it was found that the pathogens responsible for the outbreaks are microfungi belonging to the genus Fusarium – F. solani and F. oxysporum. The nucleotide sequences (ITS regions) isolated from the diseased trees showed very high similarity with the GenBank control numbers EU625403.1 and FJ478128.1 (100.0 and 99.0 % respectively). Oncoming research will focus on the search of natural microbial antagonists of the discovered phytopathogens. Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.7537/marslsj1105s14.33 SN - 1097-8135 VL - 11 IS - Spec. iss. 5s SP - 171 EP - 175 PB - Marsland Press CY - New York ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Fuest, Matthias A1 - Kotliar, Konstantin A1 - Walter, Peter A1 - Plange, Niklas T1 - Monitoring intraocular pressure changes after intravitreal Ranibizumab injection using rebound tonometry JF - Ophthalmic and physiological optics Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/opo.12134 SN - 1475-1313 (E-Journal); 0275-5408 (Print) N1 - Special Issue: The Ageing Visual System VL - 34 IS - 4 SP - 438 EP - 444 PB - Wiley-Blackwell CY - Oxford ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Beck, Daniel A1 - Buchleitner, Martin A1 - Ferrein, Alexander A1 - Niemüller, Tim A1 - Steinbauer, Gerald T1 - Mostly Harmless & AllemaniACs - mixed innovations Y1 - 2014 SP - 1 EP - 8 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Huck, Christina A1 - Poghossian, Arshak A1 - Buniatyan, V. A1 - Schöning, Michael Josef T1 - Multi-parameter detection for supporting monitoring and control of biogas processes in agriculture T2 - Sensoren und Messsysteme 2014 ; Beiträge der 17. GMA/ITG-Fachtagung vom 3. bis 4. Juni 2014 in Nürnberg. (ITG-Fachbericht ; 250) Y1 - 2014 SN - 978-3-8007-3622-5 SP - 1 EP - 5 PB - VDE-Verl. CY - Berlin ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Sawada, Kazuaki A1 - Nakazawa, Hirokazu A1 - Takenaga, Shoko A1 - Hizawa, Takeshi A1 - Futagawa, Masato A1 - Dasai, Fumihiro A1 - Sakurai, Takashi A1 - Okumura, Koichi A1 - Hattori, Toshiaki A1 - Ishida, Makoto T1 - Multimodal bioimage sensor JF - IEICE transactions on fundamentals of electronics, communidations and computer sciences N2 - To visualize the biochemical distribution two-dimensionally, we invented a solid-state-type ion image sensor that indicates the chemical activity of solutions and cells. The device, which consists of a CCD array covered with a functionalized membrane to detect charge accumulation, is highly sensitive to changes in the concentration and two-dimensional distribution of ions and biomaterials. Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1587/transfun.E97.A.726 SN - 0916-8508 (Print) ; 1745-1337 (Online) VL - E97-A (2014) IS - 3 SP - 726 EP - 733 PB - IEICE CY - Tokyo ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Huck, Christina A1 - Poghossian, Arshak A1 - Kerroumi, Iman A1 - Schusser, Sebastian A1 - Bäcker, Matthias A1 - Zander, Willi A1 - Schubert, Jürgen A1 - Buniatyan, Vahe V. A1 - Martirosyan, Norayr W. A1 - Wagner, Patrick A1 - Schöning, Michael Josef T1 - Multiparameter sensor chip with Barium Strontium Titanate as multipurpose material JF - Electroanalysis N2 - It is well known that biochemical and biotechnological processes are strongly dependent and affected by a variety of physico-chemical parameters such as pH value, temperature, pressure and electrolyte conductivity. Therefore, these quantities have to be monitored or controlled in order to guarantee a stable process operation, optimization and high yield. In this work, a sensor chip for the multiparameter detection of three physico-chemical parameters such as electrolyte conductivity, pH and temperature is realized using barium strontium titanate (BST) as multipurpose material. The chip integrates a capacitively coupled four-electrode electrolyte-conductivity sensor, a capacitive field-effect pH sensor and a thin-film Pt-temperature sensor. Due to the multifunctional properties of BST, it is utilized as final outermost coating layer of the processed sensor chip and serves as passivation and protection layer as well as pH-sensitive transducer material at the same time. The results of testing of the individual sensors of the developed multiparameter sensor chip are presented. In addition, a quasi-simultaneous multiparameter characterization of the sensor chip in buffer solutions with different pH value and electrolyte conductivity is performed. To study the sensor behavior and the suitability of BST as multifunctional material under harsh environmental conditions, the sensor chip was exemplarily tested in a biogas digestate. Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/elan.201400076 SN - 1521-4109 (E-Journal); 1040-0397 (Print) VL - 26 IS - 5 SP - 980 EP - 987 PB - Wiley-VCH CY - Weinheim ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Tran, Duc Hung T1 - Multiple corporate governance attributes and the cost of capital – Evidence from Germany JF - The British Accounting Review N2 - This paper investigates the extent to which corporate governance affects the cost of debt and equity capital of German exchange-listed companies. I examine corporate governance along three dimensions: financial information quality, ownership structure and board structure. The results suggest that firms with high levels of financial transparency and bonus compensations face lower cost of equity. In addition, block ownership is negatively related to firms' cost of equity when the blockholders are other firms, managers or founding-family members. Consistent with the conjecture that agency costs increase with firm size, I find significant cost of debt effects only in the largest German companies. Here, the creditors demand lower cost of debt from firms with block ownerships held by corporations or banks. My findings demonstrate that a uniform set of governance attributes is unlikely to satisfy suppliers of debt and equity capital equally. Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bar.2014.02.003 SN - 0890-8389 VL - 46 IS - 2 SP - 179 EP - 197 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Khaydukova, M. M. A1 - Zadorozhnaya, O. A. A1 - Kirsanov, D. O. A1 - Iken, Heiko A1 - Rolka, David A1 - Schöning, Michael Josef A1 - Babain, V. A. A1 - Vlasov, Yu. G. A1 - Legin, A. V. T1 - Multivariate processing of atomic-force microscopy images for detection of the response of plasticized polymeric membranes JF - Russian journal of applied chemistry N2 - The possibility of using the atomic-force microscopy as a method for detection of the analytical signal from plasticized polymeric sensor membranes was analyzed. The surfaces of cadmium-selective membranes based on two polymeric matrices were examined. The digital images were processed with multivariate image analysis techniques. A correlation was found between the surface profile of an ion-selective membrane and the concentration of the ion in solution. Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1134/S1070427214030112 SN - 1608-3296 (E-Journal); 1070-4272 (Print) VL - 87 IS - 3 SP - 307 EP - 314 PB - Springer CY - Dordrecht ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Poghossian, Arshak A1 - Weiland, Maryam A1 - Schöning, Michael Josef ED - Lvova, Larisa ED - Kirsanov, Dmitry ED - di Natale, Corrado ED - Legin, Audrey T1 - Nanoplate field-effect capacitors: a new transducer structure for multiparameter (bio-)chemical sensing T2 - Multisensor system for chemical analysis : materials and sensors N2 - An array of electrically isolated nanoplate field-effect silicon-on-insulator (SOI) capacitors as a new transducer structure for multiparameter (bio-)chemical sensing is presented. The proposed approach allows addressable biasing and electrical readout of multiple nanoplate field-effect capacitive (bio-)chemical sensors on the same SOI chip, as well as differential-mode measurements. The realized sensor chip has been applied for pH and penicillin concentration measurements, electrical monitoring of polyelectrolyte multilayer formation, and the label-free electrical detection of consecutive deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) hybridization and denaturation events. Y1 - 2014 SN - 978-981-4411-15-8 ; 978-981-4411-16-5 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1201/b15491-11 SP - 333 EP - 373 PB - Jenny Stanford Publishing CY - Singapore ET - 1 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Mansurov, Z. A. A1 - Jandosov, J. M. A1 - Kerimkulova, A. R. A1 - Azat, S. A1 - Zhubanova, A. A. A1 - Digel, Ilya A1 - Savistkaya, I. S. A1 - Akimbekov, Nuraly S. A1 - Kistaubaeva, A. S. T1 - Nanostructured carbon materials for biomedical use JF - Eurasian chemico-technological journal : quarterly journal of the International Higher Education Academy of Sciences N2 - One of the priority trends of carbon nanotechnology is creation of nanocomposite systems. Such carbon nanostructured composites were produced using - raw materials based on the products of agricultural waste, such as grape stones, apricot stones, rice husk. These products have a - wide spectrum of application and can be obtained in large quantities. The Institute of Combustion Problems has carried out the work on synthesis of the nanostructured carbon sorbents for multiple applications including the field of biomedicine. The article presents the data on the synthesis and physico-chemical properties of carbonaceous sorbents using physicochemical methods of investigation: separation and purification of biomolecules; isolation of phytohormone - fusicoccin; adsorbent INGO-1 in the form of an adsorption column for blood detoxification, oral (entero) sorbent - INGO-2; the study of efferent and probiotic properties and sorption activity in regard to the lipopolysaccharide (LPS), new biocomposites - based on carbonized rice husk (CRH) and cellular microorganisms; the use of CRH in wound treatment. A new material for blood detoxication (INGO-1) has been obtained. Adsorption of p-cresyl sulfate and indoxyl sulfate has shown that active carbon adsorbent can remove clinically significant level of p-cresyl sulfate and indoxyl sulfate from human plasma. Enterosorbent INGO-2 possesses high adsorption activity in relation to Gram-negative bacteria and their endotoxins. INGO-2 slows down the growth of conditionally pathogenic microorganisms, without having a negative effect on bifido and lactobacteria. The use of enterosorbent INGO-2 for sorption therapy may provide a solution to a complex problem - detoxication of the digestive tract and normalization of the intestinal micro ecology. The immobilized probiotic called "Riso-lact" was registered at the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Kazakhstan as a biologically active food additive. The developed technology is patented and provides production of the medicine in the form of freeze-dried biomass immobilized in vials. Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.18321/ectj224 SN - 1562-3920 VL - 15 (2013) IS - 3 SP - 209 EP - 217 PB - Institute of Combustion Problems CY - Almaty ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Laack, Walter van T1 - Nature is much smarter than expected: the Genetic Code is not degenerate JF - American journal of humanities and social sciences N2 - In any books about genetics it can still today be read that our genetic code is called “degenerate” because it is still believed that 43 = 64 triplets encode the 20 essential amino acids. Indeed we have to assume the inverse law, what means that 34 = 81 exact code positions are really effective for our genetic code and encode the amino acids, compiled to proteins. This very important discovery leads to two completely new results that are limits-overlooking: 1) 34 (=81) genetic code positions mean exactly the same number as there are stable and naturally existing chemical elements in our universe. This famous argument should now lead to some alternative, as well as new fundamental conclusions about our existence. 2) A genetic code positioning system shows that nature is much smarter than expected: mutations are made less dangerous than believed, because they won't be that easily able any more to cause severe damages in the protein-synthesis. This should also lead to some alternative views upon evolution of life. Y1 - 2014 SN - 2329-0781 (Print) ; 2329-079X (Online) VL - Vol. 2 IS - No. 1 SP - 10 EP - 12 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Niedermeier, H. A1 - Clemens, J. A1 - Kowalski, Julia A1 - Macht, S. A1 - Heinen, D. A1 - Hoffmann, R. A1 - Linder, Peter T1 - Navigation system for a research ice probe for antarctic glaciers T2 - IEEE/ION Position, Location and Navigation Symposium (PLANS) ; 5-8 May 2014, Monterey, Calif. Y1 - 2014 SN - 978-1-4799-3319-8 SP - 959 EP - 975 PB - IEEE CY - Piscataway, NJ ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Edip, Kemal A1 - Garevski, Mihail A1 - Butenweg, Christoph A1 - Sheshov, Vlatko A1 - Bojadjieva, Julijana A1 - Gjorgjiev, Igor T1 - New coupled finite-infinite element approach for wave propagation simulation of unbounded soil media T2 - 2nd European Conference on Earthquake Engineering and Seismology 2014 (2nd ECEES) : joint event of the 15th European Conference on Earthquake Engineering and the 34th General Assembly of the European Seismological Commission : Istanbul, Turkey, 25-29 August 2014 / European Association for Earthquake Engineering (EAEE) ; Vol. 2 Y1 - 2014 SN - 978-1-5108-1021-1 SP - 1556 EP - 1561 PB - Curran Associates, Inc. CY - Red Hook, NY ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Guo, Yuanyuan A1 - Seki, Kosuke A1 - Miyamoto, Ko-ichiro A1 - Wagner, Torsten A1 - Schöning, Michael Josef A1 - Yoshinobu, Tatsuo T1 - Novel photoexcitation method for light-addressable potentiometric sensor with higher spatial resolution JF - Applied physics express : APEX N2 - A novel photoexcitation method for the light-addressable potentiometric sensor (LAPS) is proposed to achieve a higher spatial resolution of chemical images. The proposed method employs a combined light source that consists of a modulated light probe, which generates the alternating photocurrent signal, and a ring of constant illumination surrounding it. The constant illumination generates a sheath of carriers with increased concentration which suppresses the spread of photocarriers by enhanced recombination. A device simulation was carried out to verify the effect of constant illumination on the spatial resolution, which demonstrated that a higher spatial resolution can be obtained. Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.7567/APEX.7.067301 SN - 1882-0786 (E-Journa); 1882-0778 (Print) VL - 7 IS - 6 SP - 067301-4 PB - IOP CY - Bristol ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Wetter, Martin A1 - Kern, Alexander T1 - Number of lightning strikes to tall structures - comparison of calculations and measurements using a modern lightning monitoring system T2 - 2014 International Conference on Lightning Protection (ICLP), Shanghai, China Y1 - 2014 SP - 1 EP - 7 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Giresini, Linda A1 - Butenweg, Christoph A1 - Andreini, M. A1 - De Falco, A. A1 - Sassu, M. T1 - Numerical calibration of a macro-element for vaultes system in historic churches T2 - 9th International Conference on Structural Analyses of Historical Conctruction, 14 - 17 October, 2014, Mexico City Y1 - 2014 SP - 1 EP - 12 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Funke, Harald A1 - Haj Ayed, A. A1 - Kusterer, K. A1 - Keinz, Jan A1 - Kazari, M. A1 - Kitajima, J. A1 - Horikawa, A. A1 - Okada, K. T1 - Numerical Study on Increased Energy Density for the DLN Micromix Hydrogen Combustion Principle T2 - Combustion, Fuels and Emissions (ASME Turbo Expo 2014: Turbine Technical Conference and Exposition : Düsseldorf, Germany, June 16–20, 2014 ; Vol. 4A) Y1 - 2014 SN - 978-0-7918-4568-4 N1 - Paper No. GT2014-25848 SP - V04AT04A057 PB - ASME CY - New York, N.Y. ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Bung, Daniel Bernhard T1 - Observations on non-aerated flow and air entrainment on moderately sloped stepped spillways T2 - 7th Chinese-German Joint Symposium on Hydraulic and Ocean Engineering : 8. - 12. Sept. 2014, Hannover Y1 - 2014 N1 - Kennwortgeschützter Zugang. Passwort bei Prof. Bung, Fachbereich Bauingenieurwesen SP - 1 EP - 8 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Ratke, Lorenz A1 - Milow, Barbara A1 - Lisinski, Susanne A1 - Hoepfner, Sandra T1 - On an effect of fine ceramic particles on the structure of aerogels JF - Microgravity science and technology Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s12217-014-9380-2 SN - 0938-0108 ; 1875-0494 VL - 26 SP - 103 EP - 110 PB - Springer Nature CY - Heidelberg ER -