TY  - JOUR
A1  - Kloock, Joachim P.
A1  - Mourzina, Y.G.
A1  - Ermolenko, Y.
A1  - Doll, T.
A1  - Schubert, J.
A1  - Schöning, Michael Josef
T1  - Inorganic thin-film sensor membranes with PLD-prepared chalcogenide glasses: Challenges and implementation
JF  - Sensors. 4 (2004), H. 10
Y1  - 2004
SN  - 1424-8220
SP  - 156
EP  - 162
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Schöning, Michael Josef
A1  - Schubert, J
A1  - Kloock, Joachim P.
A1  - Zander, W.
A1  - Mourzina, Y. G.
A1  - Legin, A.
A1  - Vlasov, Y. G.
A1  - Lüth, H.
T1  - Innovative thin film techniques for microfabricating electrochemical sensors
JF  - Lecture Notes of the ICB Seminars
Y1  - 2002
SP  - 55
EP  - 66
PB  - MCB
CY  - Warsaw
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Schöning, Michael Josef
A1  - Schubert, Joachim P.
A1  - Kloock, Joachim P.
A1  - Zander, W.
A1  - Mourzina, Y. G.
A1  - Legin, A.
A1  - Vlasov, Y. G.
A1  - Lüth, H.
T1  - Innovative thin film techniques for microfabricating electrochemical sensors
JF  - Biocybernetics and Biomedical Engineering. 21 (2001), H. 4
Y1  - 2001
SN  - 0208-5216
SP  - 107
EP  - 119
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Schöning, Michael Josef
A1  - Yoshinobu, T.
A1  - Schubert, J.
A1  - Steffen, A.
A1  - Lüth, H.
T1  - Innovative Schichttechniken und Messprinzipien für kapazitive Feldeffektsensoren
JF  - Sensoren und Mess-Systeme : Vorträge der 11. ITG/GMA-Fachtagung vom 11. bis 12. März 2002 in Ludwigsburg / Veranst.: Informationstechnische Gesellschaft im VDE (ITG) ... Wiss. Tagungsleitung: C. D. Kohl ....
Y1  - 2002
SN  - 3-8007-2675-0
N1  - Sensoren und Mess-Systeme 2002
SP  - 151
EP  - 154
PB  - VDE-Verl.
CY  - Berlin [u.a.]
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Hamad, E. M.
A1  - Bilatto, S. E. R.
A1  - Adly, N. Y.
A1  - Correa, D. S.
A1  - Wolfrum, B.
A1  - Schöning, Michael Josef
A1  - Offenhäusser, A.
A1  - Yakushenko, A.
T1  - Inkjet printing of UV-curable adhesive and dielectric inks for microfluidic devices
JF  - Lab on a Chip
N2  - Bonding of polymer-based microfluidics to polymer substrates still poses a challenge for Lab-On-a-Chip applications. Especially, when sensing elements are incorporated, patterned deposition of adhesives with curing at ambient conditions is required. Here, we demonstrate a fabrication method for fully printed microfluidic systems with sensing elements using inkjet and stereolithographic 3D-printing.
Y1  - 2016
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/C5LC01195G
SN  - 1473-0189
VL  - 16
IS  - 1
SP  - 70
EP  - 74
PB  - Royal Society of Chemistry
CY  - Cambridge
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Bertz, Morten
A1  - Schöning, Michael Josef
A1  - Molinnus, Denise
A1  - Homma, Takayuki
T1  - Influence of temperature, light, and H₂O₂ concentration on microbial spore inactivation: in-situ Raman spectroscopy combined with optical trapping
JF  - Physica status solidi (a) applications and materials science
N2  - To gain insight on chemical sterilization processes, the influence of temperature (up to 70 °C), intense green light, and hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) concentration (up to 30% in aqueous solution) on microbial spore inactivation is evaluated by in-situ Raman spectroscopy with an optical trap. Bacillus atrophaeus is utilized as a model organism. Individual spores are isolated and their chemical makeup is monitored under dynamically changing conditions (temperature, light, and H₂O₂ concentration) to mimic industrially relevant process parameters for sterilization in the field of aseptic food processing. While isolated spores in water are highly stable, even at elevated temperatures of 70 °C, exposure to H₂O₂ leads to a loss of spore integrity characterized by the release of the key spore biomarker dipicolinic acid (DPA) in a concentration-dependent manner, which indicates damage to the inner membrane of the spore. Intensive light or heat, both of which accelerate the decomposition of H₂O₂ into reactive oxygen species (ROS), drastically shorten the spore lifetime, suggesting the formation of ROS as a rate-limiting step during sterilization. It is concluded that Raman spectroscopy can deliver mechanistic insight into the mode of action of H₂O₂-based sterilization and reveal the individual contributions of different sterilization methods acting in tandem.
KW  - hydrogen peroxide
KW  - optical spore trapping
KW  - Raman spectroscopy
KW  - sterilization conditions
KW  - temperature
Y1  - 2024
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pssa.202300866
SN  - 1862-6319 (Online)
SN  - 1862-6300 (Print)
IS  - Early View
PB  - Wiley-VCH
CY  - Berlin
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Janus, Kevin Alexander
A1  - Achtsnicht, Stefan
A1  - Tempel, Laura
A1  - Drinic, Aleksaner
A1  - Kopp, Alexander
A1  - Keusgen, Michael
A1  - Schöning, Michael Josef
T1  - Influence of fibroin membrane composition and curing parameters on the performance of a biodegradable enzymatic biosensor manufactured from Silicon-Free Carbon
JF  - Physica status solidi : pss. A, Applications and materials science
N2  - Herein, fibroin, polylactide (PLA), and carbon are investigated for their suitability as biocompatible and biodegradable materials for amperometric biosensors. For this purpose, screen-printed carbon electrodes on the biodegradable substrates fibroin and PLA are modified with a glucose oxidase membrane and then encapsulated with the biocompatible material Ecoflex. The influence of different curing parameters of the carbon electrodes on the resulting biosensor characteristics is studied. The morphology of the electrodes is investigated by scanning electron microscopy, and the biosensor performance is examined by amperometric measurements of glucose (0.5–10 mM) in phosphate buffer solution, pH 7.4, at an applied potential of 1.2 V versus a Ag/AgCl reference electrode. Instead of Ecoflex, fibroin, PLA, and wound adhesive are tested as alternative encapsulation compounds: a series of swelling tests with different fibroin compositions, PLA, and Ecoflex has been performed before characterizing the most promising candidates by chronoamperometry. Therefore, the carbon electrodes are completely covered with the particular encapsulation material. Chronoamperometric measurements with H2O2 concentrations between 0.5 and 10 mM enable studying the leakage current behavior.
KW  - amperometric biosensors
KW  - biocompatible
KW  - biodegradabl
KW  - encapsulation materials
KW  - fibroin
Y1  - 2023
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pssa.202300081
SN  - 1862-6300 (Print)
SN  - 1862-6319 (Online)
N1  - Corresponding author: Michael J. Schöning
VL  - 220
IS  - 22
PB  - Wiley-VCH
CY  - Weinheim
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Siqueira, Jose R.
A1  - Molinnus, Denise
A1  - Beging, Stefan
A1  - Schöning, Michael Josef
T1  - Incorporating a hybrid urease-carbon nanotubes sensitive nanofilm on capacitive field-effect sensors for urea detection
JF  - Analytical chemistry
N2  - The ideal combination among biomolecules and nanomaterials is the key for reaching biosensing units with high sensitivity. The challenge, however, is to find out a stable and sensitive film architecture that can be incorporated on the sensor’s surface. In this paper, we report on the benefits of incorporating a layer-by-layer (LbL) nanofilm of polyamidoamine (PAMAM) dendrimer and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) on capacitive electrolyte-insulator-semiconductor (EIS) field-effect sensors for detecting urea. Three sensor arrangements were studied in order to investigate the adequate film architecture, involving the LbL film with the enzyme urease: (i) urease immobilized directly onto a bare EIS [EIS-urease] sensor; (ii) urease atop the LbL film over the EIS [EIS-(PAMAM/CNT)-urease] sensor; and (iii) urease sandwiched between the LbL film and another CNT layer [EIS-(PAMAM/CNT)-urease-CNT]. The surface morphology of all three urea-based EIS biosensors was investigated by atomic force microscopy (AFM), while the biosensing abilities were studied by means of capacitance–voltage (C/V) and dynamic constant-capacitance (ConCap) measureaments at urea concentrations ranging from 0.1 mM to 100 mM. The EIS-urease and EIS-(PAMAM/CNT)-urease sensors showed similar sensitivity (∼18 mV/decade) and a nonregular signal behavior as the urea concentration increased. On the other hand, the EIS-(PAMAM/CNT)-urease-CNT sensor exhibited a superior output signal performance and higher sensitivity of about 33 mV/decade. The presence of the additional CNT layer was decisive to achieve a urea based EIS sensor with enhanced properties. Such sensitive architecture demonstrates that the incorporation of an adequate hybrid enzyme-nanofilm as sensing unit opens new prospects for biosensing applications using the field-effect sensor platform.
Y1  - 2014
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ac500458s
SN  - 1520-6882 (E-Journal); 0003-2700 (Print); 0096-4484 (Print)
VL  - 86
IS  - 11
SP  - 5370
EP  - 5375
PB  - ACS Publications
CY  - Columbus
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Thust, M.
A1  - Schroth, P.
A1  - Töpler, A.
A1  - Schöning, Michael Josef
A1  - Müller-Veggian, Mattea
A1  - Kordos, P.
A1  - Lüth, H.
T1  - Improving the detection limit of a capacitive sensor by means of a diffusion barrier
JF  - Eurosensors XII : proceedings of the 12th European Conference on Solid-State Transducers and the 9th UK Conference on Sensors and their Applications, Southampton, UK, 13 - 16 September 1998 / ed. by N. M. White ; Vol. 1
Y1  - 1998
SN  - 0-7503-0595-9
N1  - Eurosensors ; (12, 1998, Southampton) ; UK Conference on Sensors and Their Applications ; (9, 1998, Southampton)
SP  - 507
EP  - 510
PB  - Inst. of Physics Publ.
CY  - Bristol [u.a.]
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Schroth, P.
A1  - Schöning, Michael Josef
A1  - Schütz, S.
A1  - Epanya, P.
A1  - Steffen, A.
A1  - Weißbecker, B.
A1  - Hummel, Hans E.
A1  - Kordos, P.
A1  - Lüth, H.
T1  - Improving the bioelectronic interface of an antenna/chip biosensor – technological aspects
JF  - Proceedings : The Hague, The Netherlands, September 12 - 15, 1999 / [ed. by M. Bartek]. Vol 1.
Y1  - 1999
SN  - 90-76699-02-X
N1  - Eurosensors ; (13, 1999, 's-Gravenhage) ; Eurosensors ; (13 : ; 1999.09.12-15 : ; The Hague) ; European Conference on Solid-State Transducers ; (13 : ; 1999.09.12-15 : ; The Hague)
SP  - 569
EP  - 572
CY  - The Hague, The Netherlands
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Miyamoto, Koichiro
A1  - Seki, Kosuke
A1  - Suto, Takeyuki
A1  - Werner, Frederik
A1  - Wagner, Torsten
A1  - Schöning, Michael Josef
A1  - Yoshinobu, Tatsuo
T1  - Improved spatial resolution of the chemical imaging sensor with a hybrid illumination that suppresses lateral diffusion of photocarriers
JF  - Sensor and Actuators B: Chemical
N2  - The chemical imaging sensor is a semiconductor-based chemical sensor capable of visualizing pH and ion distributions. The spatial resolution depends on the lateral diffusion of photocarriers generated by illumination of the semiconductor substrate. In this study, two types of optical setups, one based on a bundle of optical fibers and the other based on a binocular tube head, were developed to project a hybrid illumination of a modulated light beam and a ring-shaped constant illumination onto the sensor plate. An improved spatial resolution was realized by the ring-shaped constant illumination, which suppressed lateral diffusion of photocarriers by enhanced recombination due to the increased carrier concentration.
Y1  - 2018
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.snb.2018.07.016
SN  - 0925-4005
VL  - 273
SP  - 1328
EP  - 1333
PB  - Elsevier
CY  - Amsterdam
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Delle, Lotta E.
A1  - Huck, Christina
A1  - Bäcker, Matthias
A1  - Müller, Frank
A1  - Grandthyll, Samuel
A1  - Jacobs, Karin
A1  - Lilischkis, Rainer
A1  - Vu, Xuan T.
A1  - Schöning, Michael Josef
A1  - Wagner, Patrick
A1  - Thoelen, Roland
A1  - Weil, Maryam
A1  - Ingebrandt, Sven
T1  - Impedimetric immunosensor for the detection of histamine based on reduced graphene oxide
JF  - Physica status solidi (a)
Y1  - 2015
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pssa.201431863
SN  - 1862-6319
VL  - 212
IS  - 6
SP  - 1327
EP  - 1334
PB  - Wiley
CY  - Weinheim
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Riedel, Marc
A1  - Kartchemnik, Julia
A1  - Schöning, Michael Josef
A1  - Lisdat, Fred
T1  - Impedimetric DNA detection – steps forward to sensorial application
JF  - Analytical chemistry
N2  - This study describes a label-free impedimetric sensor based on short ssDNA recognition elements for the detection of hybridization events. We concentrate on the elucidation of the influence of target length and recognition sequence position on the sensorial performance. The impedimetric measurements are performed in the presence of the redox system ferri-/ferrocyanide and show an increase in charge transfer resistance upon hybridization of ssDNA to the sensor surface. Investigations on the impedimetric signal stability demonstrate a clear influence of the buffers used during the sensor preparation and the choice of the passivating mercaptoalcanol compound. A stable sensor system has been developed, enabling a reproducible detection of 25mer target DNA in the low nanomolar range. After hybridization, a sensor regeneration can be reached with deionized water by adjustment of effective convection conditions, ensuring a sensor reusability. By investigations of longer targets with overhangs exposed to the solution, we can demonstrate applicability of the impedimetric detection for longer ssDNA. However, a decreasing charge transfer resistance change (ΔRct) is found by extending the overhang. As a strategy to increase the impedance change for longer target strands, the position of the recognition sequence can be designed in a way that a small overhang is exposed to the electrode surface. This is found to result in an increase in the relative Rct change. These results suggest that DNA and consequently negative charge near the electrode possess a larger impact on the impedimetric signal than DNA further away.
Y1  - 2014
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ac501800q
SN  - 1520-6882 (E-Journal); 0003-2700 (Print); 0096-4484 (Print)
VL  - 86 (2014)
IS  - 15
SP  - 7867
EP  - 7874
PB  - ACS Publications
CY  - Columbus
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Oberländer, Jan
A1  - Arreola, Julio
A1  - Hansen, Christina
A1  - Greeff, Anton
A1  - Mayer, Marlena
A1  - Keusgen, Michael
A1  - Schöning, Michael Josef
T1  - Impedimetric Biosensor to Enable Fast Evaluation of Gaseous Sterilization Processes
T2  - MDPI Proceedings
Y1  - 2017
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/proceedings1040435
N1  - Eurosensors 2017 Conference, Paris, France, 3–6 September 2017
VL  - 1
IS  - 4
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Schusser, Sebastian
A1  - Leinhos, Marcel
A1  - Bäcker, Matthias
A1  - Poghossian, Arshak
A1  - Wagner, Patrick
A1  - Schöning, Michael Josef
T1  - Impedance spectroscopy: A tool for real-time in situ monitoring of the degradation of biopolymers
JF  - Physica Status Solidi (A)
N2  - Investigation of the degradation kinetics of biodegradable polymers is essential for the development of implantable biomedical devices with predicted biodegradability. In this work, an impedimetric sensor has been applied for real-time and in situ monitoring of degradation processes of biopolymers. The sensor consists of two platinum thin-film electrodes covered by a polymer film to be studied. The benchmark biomedical polymer poly(D,L-lactic acid) (PDLLA) was used as a model system. PDLLA films were deposited on the sensor structure from a polymer solution by using the spin-coating method. The degradation kinetics of PDLLA films have been studied in alkaline solutions of pH 9 and 12 by means of an impedance spectroscopy (IS) method. Any changes in a polymer capacitance/resistance induced by water uptake and/or polymer degradation will modulate the global impedance of the polymer-covered sensor that can be used as an indicator of the polymer degradation. The degradation rate can be evaluated from the time-dependent impedance spectra. As expected, a faster degradation has been observed for PDLLA films exposed to pH 12 solution.
Y1  - 2013
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pssa.201200941
SN  - 1521-396X ; 0031-8965
VL  - 210
IS  - 5
SP  - 905
EP  - 910
PB  - Wiley
CY  - Weinheim
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Poghossian, Arshak
A1  - Mai, D.-T.
A1  - Mourzina, Y.
A1  - Schöning, Michael Josef
T1  - Impedance effect of an ion-sensitive membrane: characterisation of an EMIS sensor by impedance spectroscopy, capacitance-voltage and constant-capacitance method
JF  - Sensors and Actuators B. 103 (2004), H. 1-2
Y1  - 2004
SN  - 0925-4005
SP  - 423
EP  - 428
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Mourzina, Ioulia G.
A1  - Yoshinobu, Tatsuo
A1  - Ermolenko, Yuri E.
A1  - Vlasov, Yuri G.
A1  - Schöning, Michael Josef
A1  - Iwasaki, H.
T1  - Immobilization of urease and cholinesterase on the surface of semiconductor transducer for the development of lightaddressable potentiometric sensors
JF  - Microchimica Acta. 144 (2004), H. 1-3
Y1  - 2004
SN  - 0026-3672
SP  - 41
EP  - 50
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Mourzina, I.G.
A1  - Yoshinobu, T.
A1  - Ermolenko, Y.E.
A1  - Vlasov, Y. G.
A1  - Schöning, Michael Josef
A1  - Iwasaki, H.
T1  - Immobilization of urease and cholinesterase on the surface of semiconductor transducer for the development of light-addressable potentiometric sensors
JF  - Technical digest of the 10th International Meeting on Chemical Sensors, July 11 - 14, 2004, Tsukuba, Japan / Japan Association of Chemical Sensors
Y1  - 2004
N1  - Chemical sensors ; 20.2004 Suppl. B. IMCS ; (10, 2004, Tsukuba) ; International Meeting on Chemical Sensors ; (10 : ; 2004.07.11-14 : ; Tsukuba)
SP  - 788
EP  - 789
PB  - Japan Association of Chemical Sensors
CY  - Fukuoka
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Miyamoto, Ko-ichiro
A1  - Sugawara, Yuri
A1  - Kanoh, Shin´ichiro
A1  - Yoshinobu, Tatsuo
A1  - Wagner, Torsten
A1  - Schöning, Michael Josef
T1  - Image correction method for the chemical imaging sensor
JF  - Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical. 144 (2010), H. 2
Y1  - 2010
N1  - 22nd International Conference on Eurosensors - Dresden, Germany, 7-10 September 2008 ; Eurosensors ; (22, 2008, Dresden)
SP  - 344
EP  - 348
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Breuer, Lars
A1  - Raue, Markus
A1  - Strobel, M.
A1  - Mang, Thomas
A1  - Schöning, Michael Josef
A1  - Thoelen, R.
A1  - Wagner, Torsten
T1  - Hydrogels with incorporated graphene oxide as light-addressable actuator materials for cell culture environments in lab-on-chip systems
JF  - Physica status solidi (a)
N2  - Abstractauthoren Graphene oxide (GO) nanoparticles were incorporated in temperature-sensitive Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAAm) hydrogels. The nanoparticles increase the light absorption and convert light energy into heat efficiently. Thus, the hydrogels with GO can be stimulated spatially resolved by illumination as it was demonstrated by IR thermography. The temporal progression of the temperature maximum was detected for different concentrations of GO within the polymer network. Furthermore, the compatibility of PNIPAAm hydrogels with GO and cell cultures was investigated. For this purpose, culture medium was incubated with hydrogels containing GO and the viability and morphology of chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells was examined after several days of culturing in presence of this medium.
Y1  - 2016
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pssa.201533056
SN  - 1862-6300
VL  - 213
IS  - 6
SP  - 1520
EP  - 1525
PB  - Wiley-VCH
CY  - Weinheim
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Morais, Paulo V.
A1  - Silva, Anielle C. A.
A1  - Dantas, Noelio O.
A1  - Schöning, Michael Josef
A1  - Siqueira, José R., Jr.
T1  - Hybrid Layer‐by‐Layer Film of Polyelectrolytes‐Embedded Catalytic CoFe2O4 Nanocrystals as Sensing Units in Capacitive Electrolyte‐Insulator‐Semiconductor Devices
JF  - physica status solidi a : applications and materials sciences
Y1  - 2019
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pssa.201900044
VL  - 216
IS  - 1900044
SP  - 1
EP  - 9
PB  - Wiley
CY  - Weinheim
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Itabashi, Akinori
A1  - Kosaka, Naoki
A1  - Miyamoto, Ko-ichiro
A1  - Wagner, Torsten
A1  - Schöning, Michael Josef
T1  - High-speed chemical imaging system based on front-side-illuminated LAPS
JF  - Sensors and actuators B: Chemical
N2  - The chemical imaging sensor is a semiconductor-based chemical sensor that can visualize the spatial distribution of specific ions on the sensing surface. The conventional chemical imaging system based on the light-addressable potentiometric sensor (LAPS), however, required a long time to obtain a chemical image, due to the slow mechanical scan of a single light beam. For high-speed imaging, a plurality of light beams modulated at different frequencies can be employed to measure the ion concentrations simultaneously at different locations on the sensor plate by frequency division multiplex (FDM). However, the conventional measurement geometry of back-side illumination limited the bandwidth of the modulation frequency required for FDM measurement, because of the low-pass filtering characteristics of carrier diffusion in the Si substrate. In this study, a high-speed chemical imaging system based on front-side-illuminated LAPS was developed, which achieved high-speed spatiotemporal recording of pH change at a rate of 70 frames per second.
Y1  - 2013
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.snb.2013.03.016
SN  - 1873-3077
VL  - 182
SP  - 315
EP  - 321
PB  - Elsevier
CY  - Amsterdam
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Miyamoto, Ko-ichiro
A1  - Itabashi, Akinori
A1  - Wagner, Torsten
A1  - Schöning, Michael Josef
A1  - Yoshinobu, Tatsuo
T1  - High-speed chemical imaging inside a microfluidic channel
JF  - Sensors and actuators. B: Chemical
N2  - In this study, a high-speed chemical imaging system was developed for visualization of the interior of a microfluidic channel. A microfluidic channel was constructed on the sensor surface of the light-addressable potentiometric sensor (LAPS), on which the ion concentrations could be measured in parallel at up to 64 points illuminated by optical fibers. The temporal change of pH distribution inside the microfluidic channel was recorded at a maximum rate of 100 frames per second (fps). The high frame rate allowed visualization of moving interfaces and plugs in the channel even at a flow velocity of 111 mm/s, which suggests the feasibility of plug-based microfluidic devices for flow-injection analysis (FIA).
Y1  - 2014
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.snb.2013.12.090
SN  - 1873-3077 (E-Journal); 0925-4005 (Print)
VL  - 194
SP  - 521
EP  - 527
PB  - Elsevier
CY  - Amsterdam
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Werner, Frederik
A1  - Wagner, Torsten
A1  - Miyamoto, Ko-ichiro
A1  - Yoshinobu, Tatsuo
A1  - Schöning, Michael Josef
T1  - High speed and high resolution chemical imaging based on a new type of OLED-LAPS set-up
JF  - Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical
N2  - Light-addressable potentiometric sensors (LAPS) are field-effect-based sensors. A modulated light source is used to define the particular measurement spot to perform spatially resolved measurements of chemical species and to generate chemical images. In this work, an organic-LED (OLED) display has been chosen as a light source. This allows high measurement resolution and miniaturisation of the system. A new developed driving method for the OLED display optimised for LAPS-based measurements is demonstrated. The new method enables to define modulation frequencies between 1 kHz and 16 kHz and hence, reduces the measurement time of a chemical image by a factor of 40 compared to the traditional addressing of an OLED display.
Y1  - 2012
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.snb.2011.12.102
SN  - 0925-4005
N1  - Part of special issue "Selected Papers presented at Eurosensors XXV"
VL  - 175
SP  - 118
EP  - 122
PB  - Elsevier
CY  - Amsterdam
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Werner, Frederik
A1  - Wagner, Torsten
A1  - Miyamoto, Ko-ichiro
A1  - Yoshinobu, Tatsuo
A1  - Schöning, Michael Josef
T1  - High speed and high resolution chemical imaging based on a new type of OLED-LAPS set-up
JF  - Procedia Engineering. 25 (2011)
Y1  - 2011
SN  - 1877-7058
N1  - EurosensorsXXV ; Proc. Eurosensors XXV, September 4-7, 2011, Athens, Greece
SP  - 346
EP  - 349
PB  - Elsevier
CY  - Amsterdam
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Moritz, W.
A1  - Yoshinobu, T.
A1  - Finger, F.
A1  - Krause, S.
A1  - Martin-Fernandez, M.
A1  - Schöning, Michael Josef
T1  - High resolution LAPS using amorphous silicon as the semiconductor material
JF  - Sensors and Actuators B. 103 (2004), H. 1-2
Y1  - 2004
SN  - 0925-4005
SP  - 436
EP  - 444
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Bressel, A.
A1  - Schultze, J.W.
A1  - Khan, W.
A1  - Wolfaardt, G. M.
A1  - Rohns, H.-P.
A1  - Irmscher, R.
A1  - Schöning, Michael Josef
T1  - High resolution gravimetric, optical and electrochemical investigations of microbial biofilm formation in aqueous systems
JF  - Electrochimica Acta. 48 (2003), H. 20-22
Y1  - 2003
SN  - 0013-4686
SP  - 3363
EP  - 3372
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Turek, Monika
A1  - Schöning, Michael Josef
A1  - Kloock, Joachim P.
A1  - Schubert, Jürgen
A1  - Zander, Willi
A1  - Krüger, Peter
A1  - Keusgen, Michael
T1  - Herstellung und Charakterisierung eines hybriden Sensorarrays auf Halbleiterbasis für die Umweltanalytik
JF  - Sensoren und Messsysteme 2008 : 14. Fachtagung Ludwigsburg, 11. und 12. März 2008 / VDI/VDE-Gesellschaft Mess- und Automatisierungstechnik
Y1  - 2008
SN  - 978-3-18-092011-5
N1  - VDI-Berichte ; 2011 ; Sensoren und Messsysteme 2008, 14. GMA/ITG-Fachtagung, VDI/VDE- Gesellschaft Mess- und Automatisierungstechnik, + CD-ROM, Ludwigsburg, DE, 11.-12. Mar, 2008
SP  - 803
EP  - 810
PB  - VDI-Verl.
CY  - Düsseldorf
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Kloock, Joachim P.
A1  - Schöning, Michael Josef
T1  - Heavy metal detection with semiconductor devices based on PLD-prepared chalcogenide glass thin films
T2  - Armenian Journal of Physics
Y1  - 2007
SN  - 1829-1171
SP  - 95
EP  - 98
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Grinsven, Bart van
A1  - Bon, Natalie vanden
A1  - Strauven, Hannelore
A1  - Grieten, Lars
A1  - Murib, Mohammed
A1  - Jiménez Monroy, Kathia L.
A1  - Janssens, Stoffel D.
A1  - Haenen, Ken
A1  - Schöning, Michael Josef
A1  - Vermeeren, Veronique
A1  - Ameloot, Marcel
A1  - Michiels, Luc
A1  - Thoelen, Ronald
A1  - Ceuninck, Ward de
A1  - Wagner, Patrick
T1  - Heat-Transfer Resistance at Solid-Liquid Interfaces: A Tool for The Detection of Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms in DNA.
JF  - ACS Nano
N2  - In this article, we report on the heat-transfer resistance at interfaces as a novel, denaturation-based method to detect single-nucleotide polymorphisms in DNA. We observed that a molecular brush of double-stranded DNA grafted onto synthetic diamond surfaces does not notably affect the heat-transfer resistance at the solid-to-liquid interface. In contrast to this, molecular brushes of single-stranded DNA cause, surprisingly, a substantially higher heat-transfer resistance and behave like a thermally insulating layer. This effect can be utilized to identify ds-DNA melting temperatures via the switching from low- to high heat-transfer resistance. The melting temperatures identified with this method for different DNA duplexes (29 base pairs without and with built-in mutations) correlate nicely with data calculated by modeling. The method is fast, label-free (without the need for fluorescent or radioactive markers), allows for repetitive measurements, and can also be extended toward array formats. Reference measurements by confocal fluorescence microscopy and impedance spectroscopy confirm that the switching of heat-transfer resistance upon denaturation is indeed related to the thermal on-chip denaturation of DNA.
Y1  - 2012
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/nn300147e
SN  - 1936-086X
VL  - 6
IS  - 3
SP  - 2712
EP  - 2721
PB  - ACS Publications
CY  - Washington, DC
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Murib, M. S.
A1  - Yeap, W. S.
A1  - Eurlings, Y.
A1  - Grinsven, B. van
A1  - Boyen, H.-G.
A1  - Conings, B.
A1  - Michiels, L.
A1  - Ameloot, M.
A1  - Carleer, R.
A1  - Warmer, J.
A1  - Kaul, P.
A1  - Haenen, K.
A1  - Schöning, Michael Josef
A1  - Ceuninck, W. de
A1  - Wagner, P.
T1  - Heat-transfer based characterization of DNA on synthetic sapphire chips
JF  - Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical
N2  - In this study, we show that synthetic sapphire (Al₂O₃), an established implant material, can also serve as a platform material for biosensors comparable to nanocrystalline diamond. Sapphire chips, beads, and powder were first modified with (3-aminopropyl) triethoxysilane (APTES), followed by succinic anhydride (SA), and finally single-stranded probe DNA was EDC coupled to the functionalized layer. The presence of the APTES-SA layer on sapphire powders was confirmed by thermogravimetric analyis and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. Using planar sapphire chips as substrates and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) as surface-sensitive tool, the sequence of individual layers was analyzed with respect to their chemical state, enabling the quantification of areal densities of the involved molecular units. Fluorescence microscopy was used to demonstrate the hybridization of fluorescently tagged target DNA to the probe DNA, including denaturation- and re-hybridization experiments. Due to its high thermal conductivity, synthetic sapphire is especially suitable as a chip material for the heat-transfer method, which was employed to distinguish complementary- and non-complementary DNA duplexes containing single-nucleotide polymorphisms. These results indicate that it is possible to detect mutations electronically with a chemically resilient and electrically insulating chip material.
Y1  - 2016
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.snb.2016.02.027
SN  - 0925-4005
VL  - 230
IS  - 230
SP  - 260
EP  - 271
PB  - Elsevier
CY  - Amsterdam
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Wagner, Torsten
A1  - Molina, Roberto
A1  - Yoshinobu, Tatsuo
A1  - Kloock, Joachim P.
A1  - Biselli, Manfred
A1  - Canzoneri, Michele
A1  - Schnitzler, Thomas
A1  - Schöning, Michael Josef
T1  - Handheld multi-channel LAPS device as a transducer platform for possible biological and chemical multi-sensor applications
JF  - Electrochimica Acta. 53 (2007), H. 2
Y1  - 2007
SN  - 0013-4686
SP  - 305
EP  - 311
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Wagner, Torsten
A1  - Maris, Rob J.
A1  - Ackermann, Hans-Josef
A1  - Otto, Ralph
A1  - Beging, Stefan
A1  - Poghossian, Arshak
A1  - Schöning, Michael Josef
T1  - Handheld measurement device for field-effect sensor structures: Practical evaluation and limitations
JF  - Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical  . 127 (2007), H. 1
Y1  - 2007
SN  - 0925-4005
SP  - 217
EP  - 223
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Kloock, Joachim P.
A1  - Moreno, Lia
A1  - Huachupoma, S.
A1  - Xu, J.
A1  - Wagner, Torsten
A1  - Bratov, A.
A1  - Doll, T.
A1  - Vlasov, Y.
A1  - Schöning, Michael Josef
ED  - Gerlach, Gerald
T1  - Halbleiterbasierte Schwermetallsensorik auf der Basis von Chalkogenidgläsern für zukünftige „Lab on Chip“-Anwendungen
T2  - 7. Dresdner Sensor-Symposium - Neue Herausforderungen und Anwendungen in der Sensortechnik
Y1  - 2005
SN  - 3-938863-29-3
SP  - 221
EP  - 224
PB  - TUDpress, Verl. der Wissenschaften
CY  - Dresden
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Schöning, Michael Josef
A1  - Thust, M.
A1  - Kordos, P.
A1  - Lüth, H.
A1  - Ronkel, F.
A1  - Schultze, J. W.
T1  - Halbleiter-Schichtstrukturen mit porösem Silizium als Chemo- und Biosensoren
JF  - ITG-Fachbericht. 148 (1998)
Y1  - 1998
SN  - 0341-0196
SP  - 33
EP  - 40
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Schöning, Michael Josef
A1  - Thust, M.
A1  - Steffen, A.
A1  - Kordos, P.
A1  - Lüth, H.
A1  - Kauffmann, F.
A1  - Hoffmann, B.
T1  - Halbleiter-Biosensoren für den Penicillin-Nachweis in wäßrigen Lösungen
JF  - Gesellschaft Mess- und Automatisierungstechnik: Sensoren und Messysteme : Tagung Bad Nauheim, 11. bis 13. März 1996 / VDI/VDE-Gesellschaft Meß- und Automatisierungstechnik.
Y1  - 1996
SN  - 3-18-091255-3
N1  - VDI-Berichte; 1255
SP  - 143
EP  - 148
PB  - VDI-Verl.
CY  - Düsseldorf
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Näther, Niko
A1  - Berger, Jörg
A1  - Emmerich, Rüdiger
A1  - Friedrich, P.
A1  - Henkel, H.
A1  - Schöning, Michael Josef
T1  - H2O2-Konzentrationsbestimmung für die Prozessgasanalytik mittels eines kalorimetrischen Sensoraufbaus
JF  - Sensoren und Messsysteme 2008 : 14. Fachtagung Ludwigsburg, 11. und 12. März 2008 / VDI/VDE-Gesellschaft Mess- und Automatisierungstechnik
Y1  - 2008
SN  - 978-3-18-092011-5
N1  - VDI-Berichte ; 2011 ; Sensoren und Messsysteme 2008, 14. GMA/ITG-Fachtagung, VDI/VDE- Gesellschaft Mess- und Automatisierungstechnik, + CD-ROM, Ludwigsburg, DE, 11.-12. Mar, 2008
SP  - 783
EP  - 792
PB  - VDI-Verl.
CY  - Düsseldorf
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Karschuck, Tobias
A1  - Kaulen, Corinna
A1  - Poghossian, Arshak
A1  - Wagner, Patrick H.
A1  - Schöning, Michael Josef
T1  - Gold nanoparticle-modified capacitive field-effect sensors: Studying the surface density of nanoparticles and coupling of charged polyelectrolyte macromolecules
JF  - Electrochemical Science Advances
N2  - The coupling of ligand-stabilized gold nanoparticles with field-effect devices offers new possibilities for label-free biosensing. In this work, we study the immobilization of aminooctanethiol-stabilized gold nanoparticles (AuAOTs) on the silicon dioxide surface of a capacitive field-effect sensor. The terminal amino group of the AuAOT is well suited for the functionalization with biomolecules. The attachment of the positively-charged AuAOTs on a capacitive field-effect sensor was detected by direct electrical readout using capacitance-voltage and constant capacitance measurements. With a higher particle density on the sensor surface, the measured signal change was correspondingly more pronounced. The results demonstrate the ability of capacitive field-effect sensors for the non-destructive quantitative validation of nanoparticle immobilization. In addition, the electrostatic binding of the polyanion polystyrene sulfonate to the AuAOT-modified sensor surface was studied as a model system for the label-free detection of charged macromolecules. Most likely, this approach can be transferred to the label-free detection of other charged molecules such as enzymes or antibodies.
KW  - polystyrene sulfonate
KW  - gold nanoparticles
KW  - field-effect sensor
KW  - detection of charged macromolecules
KW  - capacitive EIS sensor
Y1  - 2021
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/elsa.202100179
SN  - 0938-5193
VL  - 2
IS  - 5
PB  - Wiley-VCH
CY  - Weinheim
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Poghossian, Arshak
A1  - Bäcker, Matthias
A1  - Mayer, Dirk
A1  - Schöning, Michael Josef
T1  - Gating capacitive field-effect sensors by the charge of nanoparticle/molecule hybrids
JF  - Nanoscale
Y1  - 2015
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/C4NR05987E
SN  - 2040-3372 (E-Journal); 2040-3364 (Print)
SP  - 1023
EP  - 1031
PB  - Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
CY  - Cambridge
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Schöning, Michael Josef
A1  - Kirchner, Patrick
A1  - Ng, Yue Ann
A1  - Spelthahn, Heiko
A1  - Schneider, Andreas
A1  - Henkel, Hartmut
A1  - Friedrich, Peter
A1  - Kolstad, Jens
A1  - Berger, Jörg
A1  - Keusgen, Michael
T1  - Gas sensor investigation based on a catalytically activated thin-film thermopile for H2O2 detection
JF  - Physica Status Solidi (A). 207 (2010), H. 4
Y1  - 2010
SN  - 1862-6300
N1  - Special Issue: Engineering of Functional Interfaces EnFI 2009
SP  - 787
EP  - 792
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Buß, G.
A1  - Ecken, H.
A1  - Winkels, S.
A1  - Schöning, Michael Josef
A1  - Lüth, H.
A1  - Schultze, J. W.
T1  - Galvanic modifications of multifunctional silicon-based microelectrode arrays
JF  - Electrochemical technology applications in electronics : proceedings of the third international symposium / [International Symposium on Electrochemical Technology Applications in Electronics, held during October 20 - 22, 1999, Honolulu, Hawaii]. Electrodeposition Division. Ed.: L. T. Romankiw
Y1  - 2000
SN  - 1566772575
N1  - International Symposium on Electrochemical Technology Applications in Electronics ; (3, 1999, Honolulu, Hawaii) ; Proceedings volume // Electrochemical Society ; 99-34
SP  - 209
EP  - 215
PB  - Electrochemical Society
CY  - Pennington, NJ
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Kloock, Joachim P.
A1  - Poghossian, Arshak
A1  - Schumacher, K.
A1  - Rosenkranz, C.
A1  - Schultze, J. W.
A1  - Müller-Veggian, Mattea
A1  - Schöning, Michael Josef
T1  - Funktionsprüfung und Charakterisierung von ionensensitiven Feldeffekttransistoren (ISFETs) auf Waferebene mittels Mikrotropfenzelle für den zukünftigen Einsatz in der Sensorproduktion
JF  - Sensoren und Messsysteme 2006 : Vorträge der 13. ITG/GMA-Fachtagung vom 13. bis 14. März 2006 in Freiburg/Breisgau / Veranst.: Informationstechnische Gesellschaft im VDE (ITG) ; VDE/VDI-Gesellschaft Mess- und Automatisierungstechnik (GMA). Wiss. Tagungsleitung: L. M. Reindl
Y1  - 2006
SN  - 3-8007-2939-3
N1  - Fachtagung Sensoren und Messsysteme <13, 2006, Freiburg, Breisgau>
SP  - 257
EP  - 260
PB  - VDE-Verl.
CY  - Berlin
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Poghossian, Arshak
A1  - Schumacher, Kerstin
A1  - Kloock, Joachim P.
A1  - Rosenkranz, Christian
A1  - Schultze, Joachim W.
A1  - Müller-Veggian, Mattea
A1  - Schöning, Michael Josef
T1  - Functional testing and characterisation of ISFETs on wafer level by means of a micro-droplet cell
N2  - A wafer-level functionality testing and characterisation system for ISFETs (ionsensitive field-effect transistor) is realised by means of integration of a specifically designed capillary electrochemical micro-droplet cell into a commercial wafer prober-station. The developed system allows the identification and selection of “good” ISFETs at the earliest stage and to avoid expensive bonding, encapsulation and packaging processes for nonfunctioning ISFETs and thus, to decrease costs, which are wasted for bad dies. The developed system is also feasible for wafer-level characterisation of ISFETs in terms of sensitivity, hysteresis and response time. Additionally, the system might be also utilised for wafer-level testing of further electrochemical sensors.
KW  - Biosensor
KW  - Biosensorik
KW  - ISFET
KW  - Wafer
KW  - ISFET
KW  - wafer-level testing
KW  - capillary micro-droplet cell
Y1  - 2006
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:hbz:a96-opus-1259
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Poghossian, Arshak
A1  - Wagner, Holger
A1  - Schöning, Michael Josef
T1  - Functional testing and characterisation of (bio-)chemical sensors on wafer level
JF  - Procedia Chemistry. 1 (2009), H. 1
Y1  - 2009
SN  - 1876-6196
N1  - Proceedings of the Eurosensors XXIII conference ; Eurosensors 23
SP  - 835
EP  - 838
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Poghossian, Arshak
A1  - Wagner, Holger
A1  - Schöning, Michael Josef
T1  - Functional testing and characterisation of (bio-)chemical sensors on wafer level
JF  - Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical. 154 (2011), H. 2
Y1  - 2011
SN  - 1873-3077
N1  - EUROSENSORS XXIII
SP  - 169
EP  - 173
PB  - Elsevier
CY  - Amsterdam
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Werner, Frederik
A1  - Wagner, Torsten
A1  - Yoshinobu, Tatsuo
A1  - Keusgen, Michael
A1  - Schöning, Michael Josef
T1  - Frequency behaviour of light-addressable potentiometric sensors
JF  - Physica Status Solidi (A)
N2  - Light-addressable potentiometric sensors (LAPS) are semiconductor-based potentiometric sensors, with the advantage to detect the concentration of a chemical species in a liquid solution above the sensor surface in a spatially resolved manner. The addressing is achieved by a modulated and focused light source illuminating the semiconductor and generating a concentration-depending photocurrent. This work introduces a LAPS set-up that is able to monitor the electrical impedance in addition to the photocurrent. The impedance spectra of a LAPS structure, with and without illumination, as well as the frequency behaviour of the LAPS measurement are investigated. The measurements are supported by electrical equivalent circuits to explain the impedance and the LAPS-frequency behaviour. The work investigates the influence of different parameters on the frequency behaviour of the LAPS. Furthermore, the phase shift of the photocurrent, the influence of the surface potential as well as the changes of the sensor impedance will be discussed.
Y1  - 2013
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pssa.201200929
SN  - 1521-396X ; 0031-8965
VL  - 210
IS  - 5
SP  - 884
EP  - 891
PB  - Wiley-VCH
CY  - Weinheim
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Wagner, Torsten
A1  - Werner, Frederik
A1  - Miyamoto, Ko-ichiro
A1  - Ackermann, Hans-Josef
A1  - Yoshinobu, Tatsuo
A1  - Schöning, Michael Josef
T1  - FPGA-based LAPS device for the flexible design of sensing sites on functional interfaces
JF  - Physica Status Solidi (A). 207 (2010), H. 4
Y1  - 2010
SN  - 1862-6300
N1  - Special Issue: Engineering of Functional Interfaces EnFI 2009
SP  - 844
EP  - 849
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Schöning, Michael Josef
A1  - Biselli, Manfred
A1  - Selmer, Thorsten
A1  - Öhlschläger, Peter
A1  - Baumann, Marcus
A1  - Förster, Arnold
A1  - Poghossian, Arshak
T1  - Forschung „zwischen“ den Disziplinen: das Institut für Nano- und Biotechnologien
JF  - Analytik news : das Online-Labormagazin für Labor und Analytik
N2  - "Biologie trifft Mikroelektronik", das Motto des Instituts für Nano- und Biotechnologien (INB) an der FH Aachen, unterstreicht die zunehmende Bedeutung interdisziplinär geprägter Forschungsaktivitäten. Der thematische Zusammenschluss grundständiger Disziplinen, wie die Physik, Elektrotechnik, Chemie, Biologie sowie die Materialwissenschaften, lässt neue Forschungsgebiete entstehen, ein herausragendes Beispiel hierfür ist die Nanotechnologie: Hier werden neue Werkstoffe und Materialien entwickelt, einzelne Nanopartikel oder Moleküle und deren Wechselwirkung untersucht oder Schichtstrukturen im Nanometerbereich aufgebaut, die neue und vorher nicht bekannte Eigenschaften hervorbringen.

Vor diesem Hintergrund bündelt das im Jahre 2006 gegründete INB die an der FH Aachen vorhandenen Kompetenzen von derzeit insgesamt sieben Laboratorien auf den Gebieten der Halbleitertechnik und Nanoelektronik, Nanostrukturen und DNA-Sensorik, der Chemo- und Biosensorik, der Enzymtechnologie, der Mikrobiologie und Pflanzenbiotechnologie, der Zellkulturtechnik, sowie der Roten Biotechnologie synergetisch. In der Nano- und Biotechnologie steckt außergewöhnliches Potenzial! Nicht zuletzt deshalb stellen sich die Forscher der Herausforderung, in diesem Bereich gemeinsam zu forschen und Schnittstellen zu nutzen, um so bei der Gestaltung neuartiger Ideen und Produkte mitzuwirken, die zukünftig unser alltägliches Leben verändern werden.

Im Folgenden werden die verschiedenen Forschungsbereiche kurz zusammenfassend vorgestellt und vorhandene Interaktionen anhand von exemplarisch ausgewählten, aktuellen Forschungsprojekten skizziert.
Y1  - 2012
VL  - Publ. online
PB  - Dr. Beyer Internet-Beratung
CY  - Ober-Ramstadt
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Poghossian, Arshak
A1  - Yoshinobu, Tatsuo
A1  - Schöning, Michael Josef
T1  - Flow-velocity microsensors based on semiconductor field-effect structures
JF  - Sensors. 3 (2003), H. 7
Y1  - 2003
SN  - 1424-8220
SP  - 202
EP  - 212
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Wang, J.
A1  - Krause, R.
A1  - Block, K.
A1  - Musameh, M.
A1  - Mulchandani, A.
A1  - Schöning, Michael Josef
T1  - Flow injection amperometric detection of OP nerve agents based on organophosphorus-hydrolase biosensor detector
JF  - Biosensors & Bioelectronics. 18 (2003), H. 2-3
Y1  - 2003
SN  - 0956-5663
SP  - 255
EP  - 260
ER  -